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Nine Venezuelan Composers and A Catalogue of Their Choral Works
Nine Venezuelan Composers and A Catalogue of Their Choral Works
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UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI
by
Cristian Grases
A DOCTORAL ESSAY
May 2009
Copyright © 2009
Cristian Grases
All Rights Reserved
UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI
Cristian Grases
Approved:
_________________________ _________________________
Donald T. Oglesby, D.M.A. Terri A. Scandura, Ph.D.
Professor of Vocal Performance Dean of the Graduate School
Chair
_________________________ _________________________
Joshua Habermann, D.M.A. Edward P. Asmus, Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Vocal Performance Associate Dean of Graduate Studies
_________________________ _________________________
Joyce A. Jordan, Ph.D Robert H. Gower, D.M.A.
Professor of Music Education Associate Professor of Music Theory and
and Music Therapy Composition
GRASES, CRISTIAN (D.M.A., Choral Conducting)
Nine Venezuelan Composers and a (May 2009)
Catalogue of their Choral Works
the study and collection of Latin American choral literature. This essay compiles the most
complete and current catalogue possible of choral works written by nine Venezuelan
composers born in the twentieth century and presents it in a simple and accessible format
college directors, and professional musicians. Each composer entry presents a brief
biographical note and a list of works organized in alphabetical order. The annotation for
folkloric and traditional genres will help the reader understand the diversity of
Venezuelan musical styles and dances; there is some additional information with regard
to performance practice.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This document would not have been possible without the help, guidance, and
Oglesby, Joshua Habermann, Jo-Michael Scheibe, Joyce Jordan, and Robert Gower for
their wisdom and encouragement throughout this process. Their collective expertise and
I also wish to thank all the composers and musicians that responded and
collaborated during the process of collection and research. Special thanks to Flor
Martínez, María Guinand, Freddy Miranda, and all the friends from the Schola Cantorum
de Caracas, without whom Alberto Grau’s catalogue would not have been as complete
and accurate.
I extend sincere thanks to Alberto Grau and María Guinand, my two mentors now
and always, and to Pop and Avi for being the example of academic excellence and work
ethic that has guided me all these years and will continue to do so.
understanding, deep love, and unconditional support; and to my three children: Camila,
Juan Miguel, and Santiago, for allowing my life to be as rich, joyful, and meaningful as it
I wish to dedicate this work to Jim and Kathy Houser, two extraordinary people
that have shown my family and I the value of friendship and generosity, and through
whom I have absorbed the true meaning of the phrase: Pursue Excellence Every Day.
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................................vi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................1
BOR, MODESTA..........................................................................................................29
Choral Works...........................................................................................................31
Unexamined scores..................................................................................................99
Choral Works.........................................................................................................112
Unexamined scores................................................................................................160
ESTEVEZ, ANTONIO................................................................................................180
Choral Works.........................................................................................................181
Unexamined scores................................................................................................191
GRAU, ALBERTO.....................................................................................................196
Choral Works.........................................................................................................198
Unexamined scores................................................................................................281
IZARRA, ADINA.......................................................................................................296
Choral Works.........................................................................................................297
MENDOZA, EMILIO.................................................................................................298
Choral Works.........................................................................................................299
iv
SAUCE, ANGEL........................................................................................................301
Choral Works.........................................................................................................302
SUAREZ, RAFAEL....................................................................................................352
Choral Works.........................................................................................................353
TERUEL, RICARDO..................................................................................................396
Choral Works.........................................................................................................397
BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................418
Recordings.............................................................................................................425
v
ABBREVIATIONS
A Alto solo
B Bass solo
bd Bass drum
bn Bassoon
cel Celesta
cl Bb Clarinet in Bb
cym Cymbals
db Double bass
dr Drum
E Easy difficulty
Eh English horn
fl Flute
gtr guitar
H High difficulty
hn F Horn in F
hp Harp
M Moderate difficulty
Ma Male choir
vi
Mx Mixed choir
perc percussion
ob Oboe
orch Orchestra
pf Piano
S Soprano solo
sd Side drum
str String
T Tenor solo
tambn Tambourine
tbn Trombone
tmp Timpani
tp Bb Trumpet in Bb
Tr Treble choir
tri Triangle
vc Violoncello
vii
vib Vibraphone
vl Violin
xyl Xylophone
viii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Since the colonial period in the late fifteenth century, Latin America has been
initial stages of the colonization, the Iberian crowns of Spain and Portugal transported
their artistic culture to the new South American territories.1 During the sixteenth century,
many composers of European descent, mainly Spanish and Portuguese, traveled to the
New World with the missionaries and settled in the viceroyalties established in key
geographical areas of the colonies.2 These immigrants produced a large amount of music
which was incorporated into local religious services and musical events. However, their
most important role in history was training local musicians not only to play, but to
employed in the compositions of the native musicians who also incorporated local
musical traditions, merging compositional styles in both sacred and secular genres.
Choral music is one aspect of Latin American repertoire in which little research
has been done. Four monographs exist that compile a limited amount of information
about Latin American composers and their works. These sources are: Suzanne Spicer
Tiemstra’s The Choral Music of Latin America,3 Strimple’s Choral Music in the
1
Rui Vieira Nery, “Spain, Portugal, and Latin America,” in A History of Baroque Music, ed.
George J. Buelow (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004), 396.
2
Ibid., 396-397.
3
Suzanne Spicer Tiemstra, The Choral Music of Latin America - A Guide to Compositions and
Research (New York: Greenwood Press, 1992).
1
2
Twentieth Century,4 Leslie Bethell’s A Cultural History of Latin America,5 and Miguel
Ficher and others’ Latin American Classical Composers.6 In addition, the Pan-American
Union of the Organization of American States has a periodic publication that compiles
information on the most relevant composers of all its member nations (including a
catalog of their works).7 Other sources include three dissertations that have come from
exploring selected choral works by Modesta Bor,8 Marie Labonville’s research focusing
on the works of Juan Bautista Plaza,9 and Marc Falk’s study focusing on the secular
composers are not easily accessible, which complicates the process of cataloguing their
works. This is compounded by the lack of a platform that effectively links the ever-
growing and multicultural world of Latin American music with North America and
Europe. In recent years publishing houses have created Latin American choral series as
part of their regular publications; these include Earthsongs, Kjos, Alliance, and Boosey &
4
Strimple.
5
Leslie Bethell, ed., A cultural History of Latin America: Literature, Music and the Visual Arts in
the 19th and 20th Centurias (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999)
6
Miguel Ficher, Martha Furman Schleifer, and John M. Furman, eds., Latin American Classical
Composers: A Biographical Dictionary (Lanham: Scarecrow Press, 2002).
7
Organización de Estados Americanos, Composers of the Americas (Washington D.C.:
Organización de Estados Americanos), volumen 9, 14, 17, and 20.
8
Cira Parra, “A Conductor’s Guide to Selected Choral Works of Modesta Bor” (DMA diss.,
University of Cincinnati, 2006).
9
Marie Labonville, “Musical Nationalism in Venezuela: The Work of Juan Bautista Plaza (1898-
1965)” (Ph.D thesis, University of California, 1999).
10
Marc Falk, “The Secular Choral Music of Juan Bautista Plaza (1898-1965): The Music and Text
of Venezuelan Nationalism” (DMA diss., The University of Iowa, 2006).
3
Hawkes. However, this represents a very small portion of the greater total output. Also,
in Latin American countries popular and folk music is regularly arranged for vocal
ensembles, and these versions—some of very high artistic quality—are seldom published.
Latin American choral music saw its most rapid growth during the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries. Each nation strived to pursue and enhance an identity that separated
it from its sister nations, resulting in a prolific musical output. The repertoire produced in
the colonial period is also very valuable. Venezuela was one of these nations that
contributed repertoire from generations of productive composers beginning with the early
colonial days. This wide array of compositions is regarded as an important repertoire for
study and performance.11 However, music from Venezuela has received far less attention
from researchers and editors than has European music. The Latin American Music
Review, the Colonial Latin American Review, and the Revista Europea de Estudios
Studies) are three examples of periodical publications that contain references to choral
music in Venezuela, but they hardly reference the full scope of the repertoire that has
been created. Nick Strimple’s Choral Music in the Twentieth Century, in which only nine
Venezuelan composers are named, makes reference to only one or two works for each.12
Of the list of sources offered above, two are outstanding for the amount of
information contained in the texts. These sources, although extensive, are not complete.
11
Gerard Béhague, “Nineteenth-Century Antecedents of Nationalism,” in Music in Latin America:
An Introduction (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1979), 96.
12
Nick Strimple, Choral Music in the Twentieth Century (New Jersey: Amadeus, 2005), 207-208.
13
Spicer Tiemstra.
4
list that does not include all Venezuelan composers, and her catalogue of works is
incomplete even through 1992. The other important source is the compilation by Ficher,
Schleifer, and Furman,14 published in a second edition in 2002. In the preface of this
edition the authors state that within the six years between the two editions they were able
to add 326 composers, 62 of them from Venezuela. They explain that “even though the
amount of material that appears daily is overwhelming, we set a deadline [for the
publication].”15 This suggests that by the time they published they were still receiving
material. However, even in this edition many Venezuelan choral composers are still not
listed. It is important to note that Ficher’s second edition is now five years old, and
Tiemstra’s publication is fifteen years old. During these years the catalogue of works and
number of composers has greatly increased in the ever-evolving Latin American choral
world.
All of the above illustrates the need to pursue further efforts in the study and
collection of these valuable musical assets. This document represents an initial endeavor
in this long-lasting aspiration. The purpose of this essay is to compile the most complete
and current catalogue possible of choral works written by ten Venezuelan composers
born in the twentieth century, and offer it in a simple and accessible format so it can be
used by a wide variety of school teachers, choral conductors, church musicians, college
professors, and professional musicians. This study represents a contribution to the area of
choral literature, comparable to the work done by Karen Wachsmuth for Hungarian
14
Ficher, Furman Schleifer, and Furman.
15
Ibid, ix.
5
Venezuelan composers and their choral output, a project which will extend beyond the
time frame of this initial research. This particular group of composers was chosen based
on the availability of their works and previous documents that contained information on
This document presents a brief biographical note for each composer and a list of
works organized in alphabetical order. The annotation for each composition includes
16
Karen Wachsmuth, Hungarian Choral Music: A Bibliography of Twentieth-Century,
Monograph No. 13 (Lawton: American Choral Directors Association, 2002).
6
The majority of the choral arrangements included in this document are of folkloric or
popular songs from Venezuela. A note discussing the style of the piece is then included
under category x. (other information). The following list of terms and definitions will
help the reader understand the diversity of Venezuelan musical styles and traditional
dances, and will provide some additional information regarding performance practice:
tambourine), and it may or may not have vocal solos. Musically, its
17
A four-stringed small guitar similar to the ukulele, which is usually strummed. This is
Venezuela’s national instrument.
18
A traditional drum that has a spike in the middle of the head, to which a waxed bar is attached.
It is played by sliding the hands along the bar in a downward motion, which produces vibrations that are
amplified by the drum.
7
and it can be found with time signatures of 6/8, 5/8, and 2/4
• Bambuco: The first bambucos had their roots in the habaneras from Cuba, songs
melodies were usually languid and rhythmic, often with a second voice
often, in 2/4 (with an eighth-note triplet and two eighth notes). A time
• Contradanza: This style, also known as contradanza zuliana, dates back to the
very popular in Cuba and evolved into the contradanza cubana, which
traveled to Venezuela and the rest of Latin America with the itinerant
19
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Aguinaldo.”
20
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Bambuco.”
8
• Danza: Also known as danza zuliana, this style is closely related to the
As did the contradanza, the danza grew from local rhythms and
other similar forms. Among these elements that give it its identity are
the characteristic 2/4 time signature, the alternating triple and duple
are some danzas that are derivations of this generic one. Usually
selection of a theme, then the text, and, lastly, the composition of the
21
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Contradanza zuliana.”
22
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Danza zuliana.”
9
soloist that sings the verses and the choir sings the refrain. It is
drum.24
• Estribillo: This style is usually performed as the second part of a golpe or joropo
octosyllabic.26
rhythmic strength. There are four varieties of golpe: the golpe llanero
(golpe from the plains), golpe tuyero (from the central states of
Venezuela, golpe larense (from Lara State), and golpe oriental (from
23
From the family of the mandolin, but slightly larger.
24
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Diversiones orientales.”
25
Smaller version of the classical harp, without pedals, that is very popular in the Venezuelan
plains.
26
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Estribillo.”
10
alternating 3/4 and 6/8 meters, fast and energetic tempo and character,
of a melodic line set in one of the voices, with the rest of the choir
and maracas).27
• Joropo: This is a term associated with the folkloric dance and its
accompanying music, considered the most deeply rooted and popular
27
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Golpe.”
28
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Guasa.”
29
Ibid.
11
30
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Joropo.”
31
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Merengue.”
12
• Polo: These are melodies that probably originated in Andalusia, Spain, and
that settled in the city of Coro sang these during their long working
days, and today they represent one of the most beautiful and emotive
• Tonada: This popular genre is inspired by working songs that surround the
driving of herds and the milking of cows in the Venezuelan plains. The
notes a minor third away from the melody. It consists of melodic lines
32
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Cantería. 1.- de polo.”
13
based on the notes of the second inversion triad (usually minor); and
the use of falsetto, glides, and long phrases on the syllable “ay.”33
numerous Latin American dance genres. The exact time of its arrival is
together with other important genres such as the joropo. The vals and
the joropo then evolved in close relation to the point where the vals
became a slower form of the joropo with more romantic lyrics (much
33
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Tonada.”
34
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Vals.”
CHAPTER 2
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Colonial Times
Columbus’ arrival in the New World in 1492 initiated a blending process of the
indigenous traditions existing in the area with European musical culture. The oldest
musical manuscripts date from the second half of the sixteenth century and were
produced in the viceroyalties of the time: Mexico City, Guatemala City, Bogotá, and
Catholic Church and the Spanish Kings. The repertoire was selected in the cathedrals of
Toledo and Seville, and then sent to the main cathedrals in each colony.35
In general, every cathedral had two choirs: the Lower Choir that sang chant under
the leadership of the chantre; and the Higher Choir that sang polyphonic music under the
masses, hymns, motets, and antiphons for the Sunday services; lamentations, psalms, and
passions during Holy Week; sequences and litanies for the deceased; canticles, Te Deum,
and Magnificat settings for feast days; as well as a variety of traditional songs
(villancicos, rorros, juguetes and cantatas) for Christmas festivities.37 Many of these
compositions, especially the Masses, were sent from Spain and were written by important
35
Samuel Claro-Valdés, “La Música en Hispanoamérica Durante la Era Virreinal,” in Imágenes de
la Música Iberoamericana, ed. Enrique Franco (Santander: Fundación Isaac Albéniz, 1992), 11-18.
36
Ibid.
37
Ibid.
14
15
de Morales (ca. 1500-1553), Tomás Luis de Victoria (1548-1611), and Giovanni Pierluigi
da Palestrina (ca. 1525-1594), among others. The first Maestros de Capilla were sent
from Europe and were in charge of performing European music, as well as composing
new music. They began teaching music to the local inhabitants in order to build their
ensembles. Naturally, some of the students were instructed in the art and techniques of
composition.
In 1531 the Episcopate of what was then known as the Captaincy General of
Venezuela was established in the city of Santa Ana de Coro.38 Four years later the first
Venezuelan cathedral was built in the same city, and the following year, Father Juan
Rodríguez Robledo was appointed chantre of Santa Ana’s Cathedral. Because of this
first official musical appointment in the country, 1536 can be understood as the beginning
of the colonial musical period in Venezuela. Juan Bautista Plaza’s essay Music in
Between 1536 and 1770, Venezuela was slowly developing the musical traditions that
Like in the rest of the colonies, the newly established Catholic institution was a
reflection of the desires of the Spanish rulers, and as Tortolero stated, “many documents
38
Numa Tortolero, “Compositores Venezolanos: desde la época colonial,” Numa Tortolero,
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/3749/compven.html (accessed September 25, 2007).
39
Juan Bautista Plaza and Conchita Rexach, “Music in Caracas during the Colonial Period (1770-
1811),” The Musical Quarterly 29, no. 2. (April, 1943): 198-213.
16
show the profound interest that Venezuelan bishops had to accompany religious
festivities with the best music.”40 This desire helped ensure that music would receive
continuous support from the Church. During the colonial period the development of each
cathedral, and its corresponding music program, was determined by the wealth of the
cities of Mexico, Guatemala, Lima, and Bogotá, which were home to the Mayan, Aztec,
and Inca civilizations. This may explain the slow development of the Catholic Church in
the country and, by association, the musical movement throughout the nation. Later on,
Venezuela would grow in strategic economical importance because of its coastal location
in regard to trading and slavery, which also promoted the growth of the Catholic states of
the area. Frequent pirate assaults on the city of Santa Ana forced the Episcopate to be
moved to the city of Caracas—at the time referred to as Santiago de León de Caracas—in
1636.41
Music education at the time was the responsibility of the Church, and with the
moving of the principal cathedral of the country to Caracas, efforts to build important
music schools were centered in that city and, in particular, around the new cathedral. The
first school was created in 1640 and was called Escuela de Canto Llano (Plainchant
School).42 Years later, in 1696, the Colegio Seminario de Santa Rosa (Santa Rosa
Seminary School) established a plainchant program; its first professor was Francisco
Pérez Camacho.43 Otto Mayer-Serra reports that the earliest school of music in the
40
Tortolero.
41
Ibid.
42
Ibid.
43
Ibid.
17
country was founded by Luis Cárdenas Saavedra in 1591.44 However, the location of this
These institutions were in charge of teaching the art of reading and performing
music. It would take over a century for them to fully develop and to be of any real
appeared around 1770. After finishing his studies at the Caracas Seminary, Father Pedro
Palacios y Sojo (1739-1799) traveled to Rome and Madrid to arrange for the founding in
Caracas of an “Oratory of St. Philip Neri.” First founded in Rome by St. Philip Neri
[1515-1595], this is a congregation of Catholic priests and lay-brothers who live together
in a community bound by no formal vows save the bond of charity.45 After receiving the
approval of Pope Clement IV in 1769, Father Sojo established the Oratory on December
[he] brought with him various musical instruments as well as scores of sacred
works by famous composers of the time [. . .]. This dynamic young priest owned
an estancia or small coffee ranch in Chacao [. . .]. It was there that he and his
disciples or friends gathered to hear the interpretation of the scores brought over
from Italy.47
Sojo and his disciples not only performed the music, but after intense study, began to
write compositions based on European models. This early group of composers was
known as the Escuela del Padre Sojo (Father Sojo’s School) or the Escuela de Chacao
(Chacao’s School) because of the location of his ranch. In an article published in 1826
44
Otto Mayer-Serra, Música y Músicos de Latinoamérica, (Mexico, D.F.: Atlante, 1947), 1041-
1051.
45
Plaza and Rexach, (198-213).
46
Tortolero.
47
Plaza and Rexach (198-213).
18
by the London periodical entitled El Repertorio Americano, Father Sojo was called “the
The Academia de Música (Music Academy) was part of Father Sojo’s Oratory of
St. Philip Neri. It was modeled after the original Italian order, and it functioned under one
of the most important composers of the time, Juan Manuel Olivares (1760-1797), whose
compositional output, like many other composers of this period, is largely comprised of
choral-orchestral works. Some of his most important works are Miserere and
Lamentación para el Viernes Santo [Lamentation for Good Friday], both written in 1791.
This music school trained the most significant group of church music composers in
Venezuelan history. Notable in this group were José Francisco Velásquez (ca. 1735-
1805), who wrote numerous masses and sacred works, such as Pangue Lingua in 1798
and Gradual in 1800. Also from this group is José Antonio Caro de Boesi (ca. 1760-
1814), who composed many motets and masses such as the important Misa de Gloria
[Glory Mass] believed to be written in 1781, and the Misa de difuntos [mass for the
dead], written in 1779, which is believed to be the oldest Venezuelan choral work. Also
from this collection of composers are Pedro Nolasco Colón (b. ca. 1750), from whom
only two works are known: Qualis est and Llorad mortales [cry mortals]; and José
which three important works can be highlighted: Tristis est, In Monte Oliveti, and Oficio
y misa de difuntos [office and mass for the dead]. Additionally, Juan José Landaeta (ca.
1780-1812) stands out with a catalogue of works that includes some sacred compositions,
and whose most important contribution is the music for Venezuela’s National Anthem:
48
Ibid.
19
Gloria al bravo pueblo. In addition, Lino Gallardo (ca. 1775-1814) primarily wrote
secular music.49
Finally, the most celebrated figure was José Angel Lamas (1775-1814),50 whose
extensive catalogue includes his first most famous work: a setting of Popule meus written
in 1801. Because of its expressive melodic beauty, this was the only colonial sacred
masterpiece that became widely popular in the country. Two other important works are
Independence
Venezuela’s dissociation from Spain occurred after the war of independence that
culminated with the signing of the Independence Act of Venezuela in 1811. In this new
period, music played a novel role during the period of political emancipation. Musicians
found themselves very actively involved in the political process, many leaving their
church posts in favor of demonstrations in which some paid with their lives. Almost all
hymns. One of these is the aforementioned Gloria al bravo pueblo (1810) by Landaeta.51
Plaza writes:
…instead of sacred and devout music, therefore, the young Republic offered us
short and spirited compositions—patriotic songs, testifying to new events, new
times, new ideals. Music flowed gaily through the streets, and took on a new
social significance, until then unheard of in the land.52
49
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
50
Gerard Béhague, Music in Latin America: An Introduction (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1979),
28.
51
Mayer-Serra (1041-1051).
52
Plaza and Rexach (198-213).
20
In 1810 musical activities in Venezuela became more and more sporadic until the
consolidation of the new republic in 1821. This absence of music was in part the result of
the new authorities’ attempts to minimize spontaneous musical expressions in the streets.
However, even though the restrictions were many, the new government produced a public
concert commemorating the first anniversary of the largest independence battle that took
place on April 19, 1810. The Cathedral of Caracas also celebrated this anniversary with a
solemn mass and a Te Deum. The government also offered an orchestral concert to
Beginning in 1820, musical comedies and dramas were presented in the home of
Ambrosio Cardozo, one of Caracas’ prominent citizens and supporter of the arts. In 1831
Cardozo built a theater called El Coliseo that seated between 800 and 1000 spectators.54
In this theater the first Italian operas and Spanish zarzuelas heard in Caracas, produced
by local musicians. Also in 1831 the Philharmonic Society was established, and
instrumental music, again, became a part of Venezuelan society. Many of the composers
productions. It was not until 1850 that the Venezuelan government allocated a small
budget for the creation of a school of music under the leadership of Atanacio Bello
Montero.55
53
Tortolero.
54
Ibid.
55
Ibid.
21
the cathedrals were destroyed, and many of the works by composers of the colonial
period were lost. However, the prevalent compositional style of the Escuela de Chacao
was used by the composers who survived the war. This new generation of composers
introduced changes in their compositional output and started writing for events other than
grouped either in larger orchestral ensembles or smaller chamber groups. The oldest
examples of manuscripts of symphonic and chamber music appear from this period.56
The period between 1810 and 1830 marks the beginning of independence
throughout Latin America, with the social and political conditions and circumstances
contributing to a nationalist aesthetic in art music.57 All of the young nations rejected the
Iberian heritage and started to create new political and cultural structures. During the
colonial period it was common to import European teachers and performers, but upon
independence, these nations sought to develop local talent. They searched for cultural and
social trends that could identify and separate them from sister nations. The dominant
56
Ibid.
57
Marie Elizabeth Labonville, “The Musical Nationalism in Venezuela: The Work of Juan
Bautista Plaza (1898-1965)” (DMA diss., University of California, 1999), 3.
22
circumscribed the form and interpretation of all the other arts.58 Music was heavily
Latin American musical nationalism has never been defined to the satisfaction of
all; in spite of some agreement as to its fundamental characteristics in Europe, its
meaning and functions are varied frequently according to the personality being
affected.59
Venezuela finally achieved complete independence from Spain with the final
battle of Carabobo in 1821. Political instability followed the battle, which resulted in a
Federal War.60 During the second half of the nineteenth century, Venezuela’s political
and social structure was very unstable, and the presidency of the republic was regularly
and violently disputed.61 Despite this political circumstance, in 1854 the Teatro Caracas
(Caracas Theater) was inaugurated. For this event, an Italian opera company was hired to
teachers and amateur musicians under the baton of José María Velásquez, son of José
Francisco Velásquez (called “the young” to differentiate him from his father who also
was an accomplished musician), who was a member of the Sojo School of composers.62
The opening of this theater was tremendously important because it placed Caracas’
cultural and social center outside the Catholic Church, further reinforcing independence
from Spain and its religious missions that had dominated the culture since the fifteenth
58
2. Gerald Martin, “Literature, music and the visual arts, 1870-1930,” in A cultural History of
Latin America: literatura, Music and the Visual Arts in the 19th and 20th Centurias, ed. Leslie Bethell
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 73.
59
Béhague, 124.
60
Parra, 5.
61
Tortolero.
62
Ibid.
23
century. Furthermore, it was in this theater that the first opera Virginia written by a
Two other important institutions were established during the independence period.
The Conservatorio de Bellas Artes (Conservatory of Fine Arts) was created in 1877 and
was made up of three schools: music, sculpture, and drawing and painting; and the
Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes (National Academy of Fine Arts), created in 1887,
where music, painting, drawing, architecture, and theatrical arts were taught.64 A new
period, which included José Ángel Montero (1832-1881), José Gabriel Núñez Romberg
Delgado Palacios (1867-1902), Sebastián Díaz Peña (1844-1926), Jesús María Suárez
Silva Díaz (1886-1977), Enrique León (1854-1899), Régulo Rico (1878-1960), and
Augusto Brandt (1892-1941). Two others, Teresa Carreño (1853-1917) and Reynaldo
The rapid growth of nationalistic traits in music in the first half of the twentieth
America. Although many European composers had abandoned the nationalistic style by
63
Ibid.
64
Ibid.
65
Martin, 74.
24
1930, it retained its importance in Latin America until the 1950s.66 Until this date
Some composers embraced the nationalistic style, while others pursued different
technical and artistic elements. Mestizo folk music, indigenous music, and urban popular
Some [composers] chose to include literal citations from national music, while
others preferred to imitate characteristic melodies, rhythms, textures, harmonic
progressions, and timbral combinations. Others strove to distill the essence of the
national music soul and express it in such a way that the work’s provenance was
clear, although it might be difficult to pinpoint specific musical elements that
determined this… A few composers wrote parts for actual folk or indigenous
instruments, while others imitated their sounds and techniques with European
counterparts.68
Nationalism was not only about compositional aesthetics and techniques, but also
expressed itself through important efforts directed to modernize the musical scene in
order to improve the concert life of society. This created what Labonville calls a “musical
music publishing houses, public lectures, music programs in schools, conservatories, folk
66
Béhague, 124.
67
Labonville, 4-5.
68
Ibid, 5.
69
Ibid, 6-7.
25
Starting in the first half of the twentieth century, and for twenty-seven years, the
Gómez, despite his anti-arts sentiments, was astute enough to reinforce national identity
using cultural activities. However, one of the greatest difficulties within this period of
In Europe, events of the greatest importance in the music world had occurred.
The Russians had appeared with their new music; Wagner had carried out one of
the most far-reaching revolutions; Impressionism had appeared in France, the
English were excelling, and even sleeping Spain had opened its eyes, without
Venezuelan musicians having realized any of it. Venezuelan composers from
Guzmán [Blanco] until 1919 were familiar with Chopin—who has died sixty
years before, and the vacuous Gottschalk; they now, in this century, began to play
the little piano pieces of Grieg, Godard, and Chaminade. All this reveals an
outmoded orientation. Our colonial musicians—with great difficulties that
existed at the time in communications with the old world—knew Haydn, Mozart,
[and] Pleyel, who at the time were still living and represented the newest of that
period.
After that colonial beginning, so wonderful and surprising, our music did
nothing but descend until it almost disappeared at the beginning of the
government of Gómez.71
70
Marc Frederick Falk, “The Secular Choral Music of Juan Bautista Plaza (1898-1965): The
Music and Text of Venezuelan Nationalism” (DMA diss., University of Iowa, 2006), 16.
71
José Antonio Calcaño, La Ciudad y su música. 2d ed. (Caracas: Fundarte, 1980): 440, quoted in
Cira Parra, “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works of Modesta Bor” (DMA diss., University of
Cincinnati, 2006), 7.
26
During the initial years of the twentieth century, the country had very few musical
activities. Other than dances, some presentations of opera and zarzuela, and isolated
initiatives to perform chamber music, Venezuela did not have an outstanding musical
life.72 The first important effort to correct this situation was undertaken by Monsignor
Ricardo Bartoloni, Professor Vicente Martucci, and Monsignor Nicolás Navarro, who
struggled to put together the necessary forces, both choral and symphonic, to perform
Based upon this success, further efforts were made to establish an orchestra in Caracas.
In the beginning of the 1920s, Venezuela experienced a musical rebirth that was
solidified in the 1930s,74 and with this rebirth the nationalistic style experienced a
European models, and the efforts of three musicians: Juan Bautista Plaza (1898-1965),
Vicente Emilio Sojo (1887-1974), and José Antonio Calcaño (1900-1965).75 Labonville
continues:
The critical issues…were the prevalence of poor taste in music, ignorance of the
masterworks of Western art music, a general laziness which made Venezuelans
72
Tortolero.
73
Ibid.
74
Parra, 9.
75
Labonville, 56.
27
disinclined to try to learn about new kinds of music, and a lack of proper technical
training among Venezuelan Composers. Education…was paramount.76
such as the Orfeón Lamas (Lamas Choral Society) in 1928 and the aforementioned
transcribing and performing it, and developed the Escuela Nacional de Música (National
School of Music), later named Escuela Superior de Música José Ángel Lamas, which
the development of new musicians, these musical leaders knew that developing an
audience for their music and national expression was vital. They achieved this by means
of music education programs in the schools, public educational lectures, radio lectures,
identity. The first generation of composers that undertook such tasks included Plaza,
Sojo, Calcaño, and Moisés Moleiro (1904-1979). They combined technical skill with
Castellanos Yumar (b. 1926), Inocente Carreño (b. 1919), and many others.
76
Ibid, 316.
77
Parra, 9.
78
Falk, 18.
79
Ibid, 20.
28
During the second half of the Twentieth Century, the Orfeón Lamas started to
decline until its disappearance in the beginning of the 1960s. Fortunately, its existence
had encouraged the creation of other choral ensembles. Through Antonio Estévez’s
initiative, the Orfeón Universitario (University Choral Society) was established at the
later Angel Sauce (1911-1995) founded the Orfeón Juan Manuel Olivares (Juan Manuel
Olivares Choral Society) under the patronage of the Education Ministry.80 Under the
leadership of Alberto Grau (b. 1937), the Schola Cantorum De Caracas, an ensemble of
mixed voices, was founded in 1967 through the initiative of a group of music professors
and students motivated by a genuine yearning to perform choral music. These and many
other ensembles throughout the nation constitute Venezuela’s choral movement, which
has been the stage for many singers, conductors, and composers that continue to
80
Tortolero.
Bor, Modesta (1926-1998)
Modesta Bor was born in Juangriego, Nueva Esparta State, Venezuela, in 1926.
She showed natural talent from an early age and moved to Caracas in 1942 to continue
her musical training at the “José Angel Lamas” School of Music. She studied under
prominent Venezuelan musicians such as Juan Bautista Plaza, Antonio Estévez, Elena de
Arrarte, and Vicente Emilio Sojo. She graduated as a composer in 1959 and dedicated
In 1960 Bor traveled to Moscow, where she studied under important Russian
Fiodorova, and Nina Vlasova.82 After returning from Russia, she taught in several music
1948 to 1951. During this period of time she was able to collect an important amount of
folkloric musical material, part of which she used as original material for her
conducting children’s choirs. Her work leading the Children’s Choir of the “Juan
Manuel Olivares” Music School stands out, and much of her output for treble voices was
written for this ensemble. She considered these simple but didactically crafted
81
Capriles, I. and Felipe Sangiorgi, “Síntesis curricular,” in Modesta Bor eds. Irina Capriles and
Elizabeth Monascal (Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes Mixtos a las Artes, 1998), 9.
82
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Bor, Modesta.”
83
Capriles, I. and Felipe Sangiorgi, “Síntesis curricular,” in Modesta Bor eds. Irina Capriles and
Elizabeth Monascal (Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes Mixtos a las Artes, 1998), 9.
29
30
Modesta Bor wrote over 300 compositions and arrangements for a wide array of
both vocal and instrumental ensembles. She earned eight National Music Awards as well
as many recognitions, four of which were given to works for mixed choral ensemble
1986: “Son Venezolano,” and 1971: “La mañana ajena”), and a Special Award in 1986
from CONAC (National Council for Culture) in recognition of her work in the
rhythmic, and harmonic elements of popular and folkloric Venezuelan music in her
compositions and arrangements. Bor also explored the use of chords without tonal
function, chords with added notes (usually the fourth or seventh scale degree), and
contrasting with her compositions in which she slowly embraces serial techniques,
developing into a form of atonalism with particular beauty and expressive value.
84
Ibid.
85
Ibid.
31
Choral Works:
A una niña
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Aquiles Nazoa
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante expresivo
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1965-66
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Abranme la puerta
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by José Martínez Terrero
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
86
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Bor, Modesta.”
32
Abril
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: X. Süssmayer
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Bb major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 150 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Adeste Fideles
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: John Francis Wade
Type of Choir: Tr
33
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Christmas song. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Adiós a Ocumare
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Gregorio Timotes. Music by Angel Landaeta
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Adoremos a Dios
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Nicolás Bor. Music by Luis Manuel Gutiérrez
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Adoremos a Dios
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Nicolás Bor. Music by Luis Manuel Gutiérrez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: A, satb
Aguinaldo margariteño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Luis Felipe Ramón y Rivera
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Aguinaldo margariteño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Luis Felipe Ramón y Rivera
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Aguinaldo oriental
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Aguinaldo oriental
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Ahora
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Otilio Galíndez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Al llegar aquí
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
C major
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Alegre
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo from Sucre State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1998
Fundación Polar
Publisher:
La música de nuestr@s niñ@s. General Director, Alberto
Recording:
Grau. Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
FD33620001151, FD33620001152. CD.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Al llegar aquí
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SA, satb
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan aguinaldo from Sucre State. Four verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1978
Publisher: Le Electricidad de Caracas
Recording: Aguinaldos tradicionales. Schola Cantorum de Caracas
and Cantoría Alberto Grau, Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17298693. CD. 1998.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Celis, Mariangelina, ed. Renacer Navideño. Caracas: La
Electricidad de Caracas, 1978.
Alé limón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s[ss]a
Arbol de canción
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Federico García Lorca
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
40
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1956 (as reported by Cira Parra)
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Arco Iris
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Manuel Felipe Rugeles
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss]at[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Alegre = 120
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: December, 1956
Date of Publication: 2005
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not availbale
Additional Remarks: None
41
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 80 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 0’45’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan children’s song
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Bandera tricolor
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular Venezuelan song
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Other Information: Venezuelan guasa from the time right after the war
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Expresivo
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’15’’
Other Information: There are two small narrations and some extended
compositional techniques in the form of a shout and a
glide in the bass line. Presents some rhythmic
complexities.
Date of Composition: 1981
Date of Publication: 1996
Publisher: Consejo Nacional de la Cultura (CONAC)
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Winner of the first prize in the Vinicio Adames Contest
(no date available).
Source: Músicos Contemporános Venezolanos. Colección de
himnos y canciones sobre poemas de Sonia
Sgambatti. Caracas: Consejo Nacional de la
Cultura, 1996.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 120 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Traditional Christmas song. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Canción de cuna
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johannes Brahms
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Eb major
Initial Meter: 5/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante expresivo
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Lullaby. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
44
Canción de cuna
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Lullaby from Juangriego, Nueva Esparta State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: E
45
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Lullaby. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: E
Language: Russian
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: A translation to Spanish is provided. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: A translation to Spanish is provided. Four verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Canquin Cuesca
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Mexico
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F# minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante expresivo
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: June 24, 1982
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A mi hija Modesta Yamila, con gran afecto
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Canto a la vida
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Fernando Rodríguez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect:Andantino, cantabile, expresivo [ = 85 ]
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal. Sopranos sing the text while the rest of the choir
accompanies with a hum.
Date of Composition: 1967
Date of Publication: Manuscript
48
Publisher: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Manuscript
Canto aragüeño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: sa
Canto aragüeño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Canto de pilón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Children’s song from Nueva Esparta State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Coplas de cuna
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Emma Pérez
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][ss][aa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F# minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: June 29-30, 1982
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A mi hija Liliana, con todo mi afecto.
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
51
De contento
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rafael Isaza. Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio
Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: SA, ssa
Dindirindin
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous from Cancionero de Palacio
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
[ = 200 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information:Christmas song from Spain (sixteenth century). Two
verses
Date of Composition: No date
52
Don Ramón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Children’s song. Five verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Don Ramón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: Solo, ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 2/4
53
Doñana
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 0’45’’
Other Information: Lullaby
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
El aragüato (version 1)
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El aragüato (version 2)
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El baile
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El cambao
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El carite
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Difficulty:M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Diversión from eastern Venezuela. Five verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Niños cantores de Margarita. Grabaciones Margarita. LP.
(no date).
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
El cazador
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: T. Silcher
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Vigoroso
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 0’45’’
Other Information: Homophonic children’s song. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
El cucú
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Switzerland
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
58
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Homophonic children’s song. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
El frutero
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Cruz Felipe Iriarte
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
El manguito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El niño malcriado
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El palagar
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Francisco Carreño
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
El pavo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan merengue
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: La música de nuestr@s niñ@s. General Director, Alberto
Grau. Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
FD33620001151, FD33620001152. CD.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
El pavo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: Solo, sat[bb]
El periquito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Aquiles Nazoa
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
62
El periquito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Aquiles Nazoa
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
El Rey Herodes
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Catalonia
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Ab major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: E
Language: Catalan
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information: Traditional Christmas song. Three verses. A translation
into Spanish is included
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
El rorro
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Mexico
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Christmas lullaby. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
64
El sebucán
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
En la mano traigo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Espléndida noche
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ricardo Pérez. Harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
66
Fulía de Cumaná
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Ab major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Italian
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Homophonic children’s song
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La brillante estrella
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Francisco Carreño
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, ssa
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan aguinaldo from Ciudad Bolívar, Bolívar
State. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording:
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La brisa
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Luis Beltrán Prieto Figueroa
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, ss[aa]a
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante expresivo
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: February 10, 1986
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La burriquita
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
69
La cabrita
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Manuel Felipe Rugeles
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SA, sat[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Alegre [ = 135 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1956
Date of Publication:1967
Publisher:Dirección de Cultura de la Universidad Central de
Venezuela (Central University of Venezuela)
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Madrigales y Canciones Corales. Caracas: Dirección de
70
La culebra
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
D major
Initial Key:
2/4
Initial Meter:
Alegre
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan guasa from Sucre State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1998
Fundación Polar
Publisher:
Niños cantores de Margarita. Grabaciones Margarita. LP.
Recording:
(no date).
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La culebra
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: stb
La florista
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Franz Anton Hoffmeister
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Homophonic children’s song. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La jornada
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
72
La lora
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, ssa
La mariposa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
La mariposa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: A, ssa
La Mónica Pérez
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
D minor
Initial Key:
3/4 (6/8)
Initial Meter:
Alegre
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan joropo. Four verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1998
Fundación Polar
Publisher:
Niños cantores de Margarita. Grabaciones Margarita. LP.
Recording:
(no date).
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La perla insomne
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Efraín Subero
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][ss][aa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante calmo
75
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: February 26, 1996
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Al Coro de niños de Valencia, con gran amor
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
La sirena
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Locerita
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Segundo Ygnacio Ramos
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato = 90
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: June, 1964
Date of Publication: 2005
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Arteaga, Efraín, ed. La Escuela de Santa Capilla. Caracas:
77
Los ecos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rafael Isaza. Harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Secular song with religious references. Joyful and
polyphonic. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Los gallos
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Fernando Paz Castillo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 2/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
78
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect:[ = 80 ]
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: February, 1996
Date of Publication: 2005
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Al Coro de niños de la ULA, con un afecto
muy especial
Source: Arteaga, Efraín, ed. La Escuela de Santa Capilla. Caracas:
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2005.
Malagueña
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Modesta Bor
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: Solo, ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 9/8 *
79
Maquiní Surcí
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s[ss]a
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Traditional children’s song
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
80
María moñitos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
María Pancha
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante expresivo
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1960
Date of Publication: 2005
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Arteaga, Efraín, ed. La Escuela de Santa Capilla. Caracas:
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2005.
Mi Teresa (vesrion 1)
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Mi Teresa (vesrion 2)
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss]sa
Niño lindo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela. Harmonized by Vicente
Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: SS, ssa
83
Noche de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Franz Gruber
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Larghetto
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Slow Christmas song. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
84
Noches larenses
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Juan Ramón Barrios
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Pajarito chino
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Juana de Ibarbourou. Music by Luis Pedro
Mondino
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Based on a pentatonic scale. It hints D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 0’30’’
Other Information: Under the title the following phrase is included: De
“Canciones de Natacha” (From “Canciones de Natacha”).
It is not clear if this refers to the song or only to the text.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
87
Palomita blanca
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Simple children’s song in which the bottom two voices
hum accompanying the top voice. It could also be done
with a two-part choir and a soloist. Six verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Parranda margariteña
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Eduardo Serrano
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Publisher: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Manuscript
Polo margariteño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Polo margariteño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folkloric song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SATB, satb
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
G major
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Allegro moderato
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan polo from Nueva Esparta State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:Manuscript
Manuscript
Publisher:
Tierra, País y Patria. Coral Consolidado, dir. Alberto
Recording:
Grau. Fundación Banco Consolidado. SD
28293729. CD. 1993.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Manuscript
90
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Marcial
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Martial character. The choir appears to be imitating a
marching band while the soloists sing the melodic
material.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Niños cantores de Margarita. Grabaciones Margarita. LP.
(no date).
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Ribereñas
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Federico García Lorca
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1957
91
Riqui ran
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Sancocho’e güesito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: Solo, s[ss]a
Se acerca la navidad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Blanca Estrella de Méscoli
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan song from the nineteenth century. Three
verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Si vas de prisa
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Juan Ramón Jiménez
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s[ss]a
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: June 28-29, 1982
Date of Publication: 2005
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
94
[ = 125 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:Manuscript
Publisher:Manuscript
Recording:Aguinaldos tradicionales. Schola Cantorum de Caracas
and Cantoría Alberto Grau, Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17298693. CD. 1998.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Manuscript
Sois la prometida
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: SA, ssa
Sublime ideal
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected and harmonized by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 and 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information: Madrigal. Two verses. The third time is hummed.
Date of Composition: 1960
Date of Publication: 1998
Publisher: Fundación Polar
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Capriles, Irina and Elizabeth Monascal, ed. Modesta Bor.
Caracas: Fundación Polar, Fondo de Aportes
Mixtos a las Artes, 1998.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Slow children’s song. Three verses
98
Ya viene la vieja
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Spain
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Yo invento
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano. Music by Rafael Salazar
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Unexamined scores:
During this research, the author has not been able to have access to the original
score nor a copy of the following titles. The information presented for each one has been
Al niño Jesús
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Liliana S. Bor
Type of Choir: Mx
Instrumentation: [cuatro, perc]
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan aguinaldo
Recording: Coral de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad
Central de Venezuela. Coral de la Facultad de
Ciencias de la Universidad Central de Venezuela,
dir. Eduardo Arias. Universidad Central de
Venezuela. 4D431. CD.
Source: Coral de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad
Central de Venezuela. Coral de la Facultad de
Ciencias de la Universidad Central de Venezuela,
dir. Eduardo Arias. Universidad Central de
Venezuela. 4D431. CD.
100
Aquí te amo
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Pablo Neruda
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1993
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón de la ULA
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Canción
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Aquiles Nazoa
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1956
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Canción lejana
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Unknown
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Date of Composition: 1950-53
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
102
Canto de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Carlos Augusto León
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1969
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
En atisbo de azules
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Francisco López Granados
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1996
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Coro de la Facultad de Ciencias de la UCV
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
103
Es la mañana llena
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Pablo Neruda
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Date of Composition: 1996
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Espectro sonoro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Unknown
Type of Choir: Mx
Language: Spanish
Date of Composition: 1995
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
La negra Atilia
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text:Pablo Camacaro
Type of Choir:Mx
Instrumentation:[cuatro, perc]
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information:Venezuelan guasa
Recording:Coral de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad
Central de Venezuela. Coral de la Facultad de
Ciencias de la Universidad Central de Venezuela,
dir. Eduardo Arias. Universidad Central de
Venezuela. 4D431. CD.
Source: Coral de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad
Central de Venezuela. Coral de la Facultad de
Ciencias de la Universidad Central de Venezuela,
dir. Eduardo Arias. Universidad Central de
Venezuela. 4D431. CD.
105
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Initially, harmony revolves around B
Initial Meter: 5/8 *
Language: Nonsensical syllables
Other Information: Incorporates percussive vocal effects
Date of Composition: 1975
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a la Schola Cantorum de Caracas
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Nana
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Unknown
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Pescador de anclas
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Andrés Eloy Blanco
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss]at[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1962
Recording: Schola Cantorum de Caracas. Música coral
latinoamericana s. XX.. Schola Cantorum de
Caracas, dir. Alberto Grau. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297296. CD. 1997.
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Venezuelan aguinaldo
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón de la ULA
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Prisma sonoro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Nonsensical syllables
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: ssaattbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Nonsensical syllables
Other Information: Incorporates percussion vocal effects and whistling
Date of Composition: 1980-81
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Regreso al mar
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Andrés Eloy Blanco
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1962
Recording: Schola Cantorum de Caracas. Música coral
latinoamericana s. XX.. Schola Cantorum de
Caracas, dir. Alberto Grau. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297296. CD. 1997.
Additional Remarks: Written in Moscow, Russia. Dedicated: A Vicente Emilio
Sojo
Source: Schola Cantorum de Caracas. Música coral
latinoamericana s. XX.. Schola Cantorum de
Caracas, dir. Alberto Grau. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297296. CD. 1997.
109
Son venezolano
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Nicolás Guillén
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: A, ssaattbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Incorporates percussion vocal effects
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: “José Angel Montero” National Prize, Cuba, 1986
Source: Parra, Cira. “A Conductor´s Guide to Select Choral Works
of Modesta Bor.” DMA essay, University of
Cincinnati, 2006.
Velero mundo
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Francisco Lares Granados
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1969
Recording: Schola Cantorum de Caracas. Música coral
latinoamericana s. XX.. Schola Cantorum de
Caracas, dir. Alberto Grau. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297296. CD. 1997.
age he received his first musical influences through his involvement in traditional music
ensembles, where he sang both as a soloist and as a back-up singer, and learned to play
many traditional instruments such as cuatro, charango (traditional small guitar with ten
strings from the Andes region), guitar, recorder, and various percussion instruments. In
1976, Carrillo started his formal music studies at the Escuela Superior de Música José
Ángel Lamas, where he decided to focus on the disciplines of choral conducting and
composition. In 1979 Carrillo met Modesta Bor, who invited him to participate in her
counterpoint class. Her influence was decisive in Carrillo’s career up until her death in
1998.
In 1982, Carrillo studied choral conducting with Alberto Grau and Michel
Esutache. He conducted numerous choral ensembles and attended multiple national and
international festivals and choral competitions, receiving many prizes and recognitions.
In 1983 he founded the Ensamble 9, a vocal group which focused on choral repertoire
from the popular and folkloric traditions, working with it for over eight years. This
ensemble became the lab choir for him and his compositional process, as well as for
many other composers. Later, in 1991, Ensamble 9 ceased to function, and Carrillo
cappella choral music. With this choir he toured extensively and won numerous national
and international awards. In 1992 he was invited to become the assistant conductor of
111
112
clinician, and guest conductor in numerous choral events in North and South America,
Europe, and Asia. Carrillo has an extensive catalog of compositions and arrangements,
some of which have been published by Santa Barbara Music Publishing and Earthsongs.
Stylistically, Carrillo generally uses harmonies filled with extended chords and
The structure of his works is usually simple and intimately tied to the nuances of the
text.
Choral Works:
A dormir, niñito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Halida Figueira de Valero. Music by Juan Carlos
Núñez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 62
Difficulty: E
87
Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música popular Venezolana de César Alejandro
Carrillo. (Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002). xiii-xvi.
113
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Lullaby
Date of Composition: 1982
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
A ti te cantamos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ricardo Pérez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
A tu regreso
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Henry Martínez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
114
A cappella
Instrumentation:
A major
Initial Key:
6/8
Initial Meter:
Moderato
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 4’26’’
Other Information:Venezuelan danza
Date of Composition: 1994
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Música Popular de Venezuela y Cuba. Cantarte Coro de
Recording:
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1001.
CD. 2000.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Cantarte Coro de Cámara. First prize in the
Concurso de Arreglos Corales Modesta Bor [“Modesta
Bor” Choral Arranging Contest] in 1994.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Aguinaldo
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
E minor
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Moderato
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo (Christmas song). Four verses.
Date of Composition: 1995
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: IV Cuaderno de Música Coral Navideña.
Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1996.
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a mi querido Cantarte
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Alumbra, cocuyito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Hernán Gamboa. Music by Ivan Pérez Rossi
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, [ss][aa]tb
G major
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Allegro
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language:Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo (Christmas song). Four verses.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Recording:Ofrenda a un niño. Ilan Chester, Orfeón Universitario de la
UCV, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CD. 1999.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón Universitario de la UCV
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Ave Maria
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the traditional Catholic prayer
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
A cappella
Instrumentation:
G minor
Initial Key:
4/4
Initial Meter:
Lento
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Latin
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information:Slow motet
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de
Recording:
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002.
CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a mi madre. Winner of the Premio Municipal de
Composición [County Composition Award] in 1984.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
117
Ave Maria
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the traditional Catholic prayer.
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssaa
A capella
Instrumentation:
C major
Initial Key:
4/4
Initial Meter:
Andante tranquilo
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Latin
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information:Slow and calm homophonic motet.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication:1999
Two editions: Earthsongs (1999) and Fundación Vicente
Publisher:
Emilio Sojo (2002)
Recording: CD Sampler Earthsongs Music. Oregon Repertory Singers,
dir. Gilbert Seeley. CD. 2001.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a mi hijo Simón Odoardo
Source: Carrillo, César Alejandro. Ave Maria. Corvallis: Earthsongs,
1999.
Camino invisible
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Luisa Barazarte
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt]b
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 110 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
118
Camurí
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Eduardo Serrano
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss]a[tt][bb]
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
A minor
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Allegro
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1996
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Serenata Guayanesa. 25 años de amistad. Orfeón
Recording:
Universitario de la UCV y Serenata Guayanesa, dir.
Raúl Delgado Estévez. Sonográfica. 10455. CD.
1996.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón Universitario de la UCV
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Canción de cuna
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
119
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Introduction comprised of ascending and descending
arpeggios. Lullaby with two verses.
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A mis hijos Ezequiel y Gabriel. Third prize at the
Concurso de Obras Corales de Seguros Caracas [Choral
Composition Contest of the Caracas Insurance Company] in
1990.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Candelaria
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Otilio Galíndez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt]b
Canto de ordeño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Estévez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt]b
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
E minor
Initial Key:
4/4
Initial Meter:
Lento
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan tonada
Date of Composition: 1998
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Tonadas. Coral Banco Mercantil, dir. María Adela Alvarado
Recording:
and Amanda Soriano Leal. Fundación Banco
Mercantil. FD2522000538. CD. 1999.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a la Coral Banco Mercantil
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Caramba
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Otilio Galíndez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Largo
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’29’’
Other Information:Venezuelan danza
Date of Composition: 1997
Date of Publication:2002
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Música Popular de Venezuela y Cuba. Cantarte Coro de
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1001.
CD. 2000.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Cantarte Coro de Cámara
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Casta paloma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Alejandro Vargas
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: S, satb
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
D major
Initial Key:
6/8
Initial Meter:
Allegro
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo (Christmas song). Four verses.
Date of Composition: 1988
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: Segundo Cuaderno de Música Coral
Navideña. Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1990.
Recording: Coral INTEVEP. Coral INTEVEP, dir. Raúl Delgado
Estévez. CD. (no date).
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Cantamundo
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
122
Chucho y Ceferina
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Conny Méndez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Cimarrón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Aldemaro Romero
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 52
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan tonada
Date of Composition: 1981
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Cimarrón. Quinteto Vinicio Adames, dir. Jorge Páez. CD.
123
1998.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Criollísima
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Luis Laguna. Music by Henry Martínez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan merengue
Date of Composition: 1981 (revised in 1998)
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Crux fidelis
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text belongs to a larger work by Saint Venantius Honorius
Clementianus Fortunatus (c530-c609) entitled Pange Lingua
[Sing, my Tongue].
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: S, [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 54
Difficulty: M
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Motet. Generally homophonic and with interesting harmonic
language.
Date of Composition: 1991
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: América Sacra. Coro de Cámara Exaudi, dir. María Felicia
Pérez. Jade. 198479. CD. 2001.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: B major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 60
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal. Harmonic language uses many extended chords
and modulates often.
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Xiomara David
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
De corazón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ilan Chester
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Some rhythmic challenges.
Date of Composition: 1992
Date of Publication: 2002
126
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante espressivo
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Short madrigal comprised of three sections (slow—fast—
slow). Some challenges in the harmonic structures.
Date of Composition: 1993
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: First prize in the Concurso de Obras Corales de la
Fundación Calcaño [Choral Composition Contest of the
Calcaño Foundation] in 1993.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
El afinador de gallos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Henry Martínez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
127
El alcaraván
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Simón Díaz
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Elegía
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SAA, [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
A minor
Initial Key:
Initial Meter:4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Adagio con espressione
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’30’’
Other Information: Slow madrigal with multiple modulations.
Date of Composition: 1992
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: in memoriam Liliana Noce. Received an
Honorable Mention in the Concurso de Obras Corales
promovido por la Coral Venezuela en su 50 Aniversario
[Choral Composition Contest promoted by Coral
Venezuela] in 1993.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Encuentro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Fernando Paz Castillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Lento
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Slow madrigal
Date of Composition: 1996
129
Instrumentation: A capella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Short song
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
A cappella
Instrumentation:
F minor
Initial Key:
4/4 *
Initial Meter:
Lento
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information:Slow madrigal. Harmonic language uses extended chords.
Date of Composition: 1982
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de
Recording:
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002.
CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Nacional de Composición [National
Composition Award] in 1982.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro marziale
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem of the National Institute of Water and
Sanitation.
Date of Composition: 1988
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
131
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Eb major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Marcial
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem of the Marketing Technical Institute in
Caracas, Venezuela. Three verses and a refrain.
Date of Composition: 1988
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 110 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
132
Imprevisiblemente
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Federico Núñez Corona
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
E minor
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Moderato
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information:Traditional aguinaldo. Two verses
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: Primer Cuaderno de Música Coral
Navideña. Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1989.
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
La negra Dorotea
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Cruz Felipe Iriarte
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Mi merengue
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Luis Laguna
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan merengue
Date of Composition: 1981
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Cimarrón. Quinteto Vinicio Adames, dir. Jorge Páez. CD.
1998.
Mi niño no me quiere
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Aldemaro Romero
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F# major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Lullaby
Date of Composition: 1997
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Cantarte Coro de Cámara
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
136
Mi querencia
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Simón Díaz
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
E minor
Initial Key:
6/8 *
Initial Meter:
Libremente
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 4’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan tonada
Date of Composition: 1998
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Tonadas. Coral Banco Mercantil, dir. María Adela Alvarado
Recording:
and Amanda Soriano Leal. Fundación Banco
Mercantil. FD2522000538. CD. 1999.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a la Coral Banco Mercantil
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 62
Difficulty: M
137
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 22’00’’ (complete mass)
Other Information: Uses fugato entrances and a harmonic language that is more
conservative than that used in his madrigals.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002.
CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: in memoriam Modesta Bor. Winner of the
Premio Municipal de Composición [County Composition
Award] in 2000.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 88
Difficulty: M
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 22’00’’ (complete mass)
Other Information: Energetic character and mostly homophonic texture.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo (2002)
Award] in 2000.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 3/2 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 50
M
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 22’00’’ (complete mass)
Other Information:Faster tempo with mostly a homophonic texture.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication:2002
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002.
CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: in memoriam Modesta Bor. Winner of the
Premio Municipal de Composición [County Composition
Award] in 2000.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 72
E
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 22’00’’ (complete mass)
Other Information:Short movement with mostly homophonic texture.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication:2002
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002.
CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: in memoriam Modesta Bor. Winner of the
Premio Municipal de Composición [County Composition
Award] in 2000.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 78
E
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 22’00’’ (complete mass)
Other Information: Short movement that uses much of the same music as the
Sanctus that precedes it.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: 2002
140
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 48
M
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 22’00’’ (complete mass)
Other Information:Quiet and intimate setting of the Agnus Dei.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication:2002
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002.
CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: in memoriam Modesta Bor. Winner of the
Premio Municipal de Composición [County Composition
Award] in 2000.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
141
Monte Avila
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Enriqueta Arvelo Larriva
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt]b
Instrumentation: A cappella
A major
Initial Key:
Initial Meter:4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante calmo
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1991
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Winner of the first prize at the Concurso de Obras Corales
de Procter & Gamble [Procter & Gamble Award for Choral
Compositions] in 1991.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Nathalia
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Luis Laguna
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Eb major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Lullaby
Date of Composition: 1984
Date of Publication: 2002
142
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Bb major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 85 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Short madrigal. Harmonic language uses extended chords
and some modulation.
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Noche de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Joseph Mohr. Music by Franz Grüber
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 6/8
143
Lento
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information:Spanish version of Silent Night with some reharmonizations.
Date of Composition: 1979
Date of Publication:1997
Publisher:Santa Barbara Music Publishing (SBMP 184)
Also published in: IV Cuaderno de Música Coral Navideña.
Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1996.
Recording: An OSU Christmas. Oklahoma State University Concert
Chorale & Chamber Choir, dir. Jerry McCoy. OSU-
CC092197. CD. 1997.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Carrillo, César Alejandro. Noche de Paz. Santa Barbara:
Santa Barbara Music Publishing, 1997.
O magnum mysterium
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text comes from the responsorial chant from the Catholic
Matins of Christmas.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa]tb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Eb minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Adagio e devoto
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Slow, homophonic motet.
Date of Composition: 2000
Date of Publication: 2000
Publisher: Earthsongs (2000) (S-142)
Oiga, compae
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo, based on a popular Venezuelan
song by Manuel Briceño.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation:A cappella
B minor
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Initial Tempo or Affect:Lento y nostálgico
H
Difficulty:
Language:Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Challenging piece, both rhythmically and harmonically. It is
structured as a prelude and fugue.
Date of Composition: 1996
Date of Publication: 2000
Publisher: Earthsongs (2000) (S-124)
Partamos a Belén
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation:[cuatro, perc]
A minor
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Initial Tempo or Affect:Allegro moderato
E
Difficulty:
Language:Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Traditional aguinaldo
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: Primer Cuaderno de Música Coral
Navideña. Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1989.
Recording: Cantos Navideños, Vol 2. Orfeón Universitario y
Estudiantina Universitaria de la UCV, dir. César
Alejandro Carrillo. CD. (no date).
Presagio
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Enrique Hidalgo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
146
Purísima
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rafael Izaza
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt]b
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
E minor
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Moderato
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo
Date of Composition: 1990
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: Segundo Cuaderno de Música Coral
Navideña. Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1990.
Recording: Cantos Navideños, Vol 2. Orfeón Universitario y
Estudiantina Universitaria de la UCV, dir. César
Alejandro Carrillo. CD. (no date).
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
147
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
E major
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Allegro
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo
Date of Composition: 1987
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: IV Cuaderno de Música Coral Navideña.
Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1996.
Recording: Cantos Navideños, Vol 2. Orfeón Universitario y
Estudiantina Universitaria de la UCV, dir. César
Alejandro Carrillo. CD. (no date).
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Rabo de nube
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Silvio Rodríguez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa]t[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 75 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Slow and melodic song
Date of Composition: 1989
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Publisher: Manuscript
Recording: Cánteme. Schola Cantorum Coralina, dir. Alina Orraca.
Unicornio. 8014. CD. 2002.
Regina mundi
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: M
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 3’45’’
Other Information: Slow motet. Harmonic language offers some challenge.
Date of Composition: 1986
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: América Sacra. Coro de Cámara Exaudi, dir. María Felicia
Pérez. Jade. 198479. CD. 2001.
Romance
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Manuel Graterol Santander. Music by Rodrigo
Troconis
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa]tb
Salve regina
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text comes from one of four Marian antiphons sung at
different seasons with in the Christian liturgical calendar.
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: ttbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 52
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Slow motet. Generally homophonic.
Date of Composition: 1990
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Voces Oscuras Antonio Estévez
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
151
Salve regina
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text comes from one of four Marian antiphons sung at
different seasons with in the Christian liturgical calendar.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 52
Difficulty: M
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Slow and short motet. Generally homophonic.
Date of Composition: 1991
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: América Sacra. Coro de Cámara Exaudi, dir. María Felicia
Pérez. Jade. 198479. CD. 2001.
E major
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Allegro
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language:Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan merengue
Date of Composition: 1986
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Recording:Música Popular de Venezuela y Cuba. Cantarte Coro de
Cámara, dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1001.
CD. 2000.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Sin tu mirada
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Otilio Galíndez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
Eb minor
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Moderato
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1982
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: Otilio Galíndez cantando en coros..
Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1995.
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
153
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 84
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish.
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: It overlaps a 3/4 meter in the basses with a 6/8 meter in the
rest of the ensemble, which is typical in many Venezuelan
dances such as the Joropo. It is also harmonically
challenging for it appears to be in constant modulation.
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9. Winner of the first prize in the
Concurso de Obras Corales de Seguros Caracas [Choral
Composition Award of the Caracas Insurance Company] in
1990.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 162
Difficulty: E
154
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: There is no text. The composer uses nonsense syllables to
imitate the sounds of the traditional Venezuelan harp of the
plains.
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 73
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Slower song that only uses nonsense syllables as text. It uses
some extended chords as part of the harmonic language
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Laura Morales
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 5/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 252
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Interesting and challenging harmonic language. The 5/8
meter adds an additional rhythmic difficulty.
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9. Winner of the first prize in the
Concurso de Obras Corales de Seguros Caracas [Choral
Composition Award of the Caracas Insurance Company] in
1990.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 198
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Upbeat joropo dance. There is no text. The composer uses
nonsense syllables to imitate the sounds of the traditional
Venezuelan harp of the plains.
Date of Composition: 2002
156
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andantino
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 14’30’’ (all three songs)
Other Information: Slow madrigal. It starts with a chant-like alto solo. The
second half of the song starts with a fast fugato and ends
with a slower, imitative section.
Date of Composition: 1987
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de Cámara,
dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002. CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Municipal de Composición [County
Composition Award] in 1988.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Ab major
Initial Meter: 2/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Leggero
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 14’30’’ (all three songs)
Other Information: It starts with a female solo trio that will appear again later
on. The harmonic language is filled with extended chords.
Tempo changes several times.
Date of Composition: 1987
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de Cámara,
dir. César Alejandro Carrillo. CCC1002. CD. 2002.
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Municipal de Composición [County
Composition Award] in 1988.
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 14’30’’ (all three songs)
Other Information: Slow madrigal. Starts with a chant-like bass solo. It uses
imitative entrances in several places.
Date of Composition: 1987
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Carrillo, Missa sine nomine et al.. Cantarte Coro de Cámara,
158
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Upbeat song. Extensive use of contrapuctal imitation.
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Vespertino
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 60
159
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Slow, short song with interesting harmonic progressions and
extended chords.
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication: 2002
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Zobeida Urbina
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Y ni ná, ni ná
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Otilio Galíndez. Music by Efraín Arteaga
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt]b
[cuatro, perc]
Instrumentation:
D major
Initial Key:
5/8
Initial Meter:
Allegro
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan merengue
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication:2002
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Also published in: Otilio Galíndez cantando en coros.
Caracas: Banco Industrial de Venezuela, 1996.
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
160
Unexamined scores:
Ojeda88 reports some additional titles that are not published in his monograph and
that have not been available during the course of this study. These works are included
A Víctor
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Otilio Galíndez. Music by Roberto Todd
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1979
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Aire
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: None
Date of Composition: 1984
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Aire de guaguansol
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: None
Date of Composition: 1998
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Coro de Cámara Exaudi
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
88
Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música popular Venezolana de César Alejandro
Carrillo. (Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002). xxiv-xxxvi.
161
Amistad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ilan Chester
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1992
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón Universitario de la UCV
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Angostura
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Aria
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Heitor Villa-Lobos
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Bachianas Brasileiras #5
Date of Composition: 1989
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Ave María
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Bach - Gounod
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: None
Date of Composition: 1987
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
162
Ave María
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anton Bruckner
Type of Choir: Ma
Other Information: Motet
Date of Composition: 1990
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Voces Oscuras Antonio Estévez
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Ave María
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Franz Schubert
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: None
Date of Composition: 1984
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Bourrée
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Suite in E major for Violin
Date of Composition: 1989
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Canto de octubre
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Astor Piazzolla
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Carora
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Casta paloma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Alejandro Vargas
Type of Choir: Ma
Other Information: Venezuelan aguinaldo
Date of Composition: 1990
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Voces Oscuras Antonio Estévez
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Ché, bandoneón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Homero Manzi. Music by Aníbal Troilo
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
165
Ciudad Bolívar
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: José Sifontes
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1996
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a la Coral del Banco del Caribe
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Cuando te beso
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Juan Luis Guerra
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Song from the Dominican Republic
Date of Composition: 1993
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón Universitario de la UCV
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
El marabino
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
El niño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
El santiguao
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Other Information: Folkloric song
Date of Composition: 1983
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a la Coral Infantil Flor Roffé de Estévez
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
167
Foi Aruba
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Abram Capello
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Song from Curaçao
Date of Composition: 1988
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Fuga
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Sonata #1 for violin
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Fuga
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Suite #2 for lute
Date of Composition: 1987
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Fuga 9
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Astor Piazzolla
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1980
168
Fuga IX
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From The Art of Fugue
Date of Composition: 1983
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Gaudeamus igitur
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text from De Brevitate Vitae by Seneca. Music from
unknown author
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Graduation anthem
Date of Composition: 1989
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Gavotta
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Suite from Germany
Date of Composition: 1981
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
169
Gavotta en rondó
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: None
Date of Composition: 1989
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
La dama de la ciudad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Frank Quintero
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1992
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: al Orfeón Universitario de la UCV
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
La negra
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
170
La última curda
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Cátulo Castillo. Music by Aníbal Troilo
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1984
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Letargo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Milton Ordóñez
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1981
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Los mareados
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Enrique Calícamo. Music by Juan Carlos Cobián
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Venezuela
Date of Composition: 1987
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
171
Lunita de lejos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Eduardo Carrasco
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Baguala from Chile
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
María Luisa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Natalia
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Noche de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Joseph Mohr. Music by Franz Grüber
Type of Choir: Ma
Other Information: Christmas song from Austria
Date of Composition: 1990
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Voces Oscuras Antonio Estévez
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Nostalgias
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Enrique Cadícamo. Music by Juan Carlos Cobián
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1988
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Partamos a Belén
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: César Alejandro Carrillo
Type of Choir: Ma
173
Pavana
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Antonio Lauro
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1983
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Pavanas
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Gaspar Sanz
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Spanish song
Date of Composition: 1989
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Percal
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Homero Expósito. Music by Domingo Federico
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1988
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
174
Pie Iesu
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Gabriel Fauré
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Requiem, Op. 48
Date of Composition: 1984
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Preludio I
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Book I of The Well Tempered Clavier
Date of Composition: 1983
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Preludio XXII
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Book I of The Well Tempered Clavier
Date of Composition: 1981
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Preludio XXIV
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Johann Sebastian Bach
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: From Book II of The Well Tempered Clavier
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
175
Río
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Silvio Rodríguez
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Cuban song
Date of Composition: 1982
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
176
Si a mí me hubieran dicho
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Nicolás Guillén. Music by Beatriz Corona
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Cuban song
Date of Composition: 1996
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Cantarte Coro de Cámara
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Sin palabras
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Enrique Santos Discépolo. Music by Mariano
Mores
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
177
Sintiéndote mía
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: René Touzet
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Bolero from Cuba
Date of Composition: 1981
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Só por amor
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Baden Powell
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Bossanova from Brasil
Date of Composition: 1986
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Sur
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Homero Manzi. Music by Aníbal Troilo
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1988
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Negro spiritual from the United States of America
Date of Composition: 1985
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Tun tun
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Tr
Other Information: Venezuelan aguinaldo
Date of Composition: 1988
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Un canto a la vida
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ilan Chester
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Venezuelan Song
Date of Composition: 2001
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
179
Vida, vida
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Francisco Céspedes
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Cuban song
Date of Composition: 2001
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Cantarte Coro de Cámara
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Volver
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Alfredo Le Pera. Music by Carlos Gardel
Type of Choir: Mx
Other Information: Tango from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1988
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Ensamble 9
Source: Ojeda Tovar, Roberto, ed. Obra coral y arreglos de música
popular Venezolana de César Alejandro Carrillo.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2002.
Estévez, Antonio (1916-1988)
Antonio Estévez was born in Calabozo, Guárico State. He started his studies in
Calabozo, where he also played for the Band of Calabozo. Later he traveled to Caracas
where he studied in the José Angel Lamas school of music. He studied composition,
oboe, and clarinet. In Caracas he was a member of the Banda Marcial, and was the
oboist for the Orquesta Sinfónica Venezuela. In 1938 he started an important work
copying the colonial music contained in the archives of the Escuela de Música y
music of the past.89 In 1945 he traveled to the United States under a government
Sergio Koussevitsky and Leonard Bernstein, and composition with Aaron Copland.91 In
1947 he studied composition with Norman Dello Joio and Vittorio Giannini at Julliard.92
Central de Venezuela (Central University’s Choir), principal conductor for the Orquesta
Sinfónica Venezuela, musical advisor for the Education Ministry, founder director of the
89
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
90
Antonio Estévez, Canciones Corales, (Caracas: Instituto Latinoamericano de Investigaciones y
Estudios Musicales “Vicente Emilio Sojo”, 1984).
91
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
92
Ibid.
180
181
of Music). His compositions have been published by the French editing house Max
Eschig and recorded by the labels SAM, Cruz del Sur, and Deutsche Gramophon.93
of the most important influences is the Venezuelan plains, a geographic area that
provides him with many poetic lyrics and programmatic ideas, as well as traditional
genres such as the tonada and the joropo. His use of harmony tends to be impressionistic
Choral Works:
A través del discreto clarooscuro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Francisco Lazo Martí
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: T, [tt][bbbb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/2 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Muy lento = 58
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal
Date of Composition: 1961
Date of Publication: 1984
Publisher: Ediciones del Congreso de la República
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Estévez, Antonio. Canciones Corales. Caracas: Instituto
Latinoamericano de Investigaciones y Estudios
Musicales “Vicente Emilio Sojo”, 1984.
93
Antonio Estévez, Canciones Corales, (Caracas: Instituto Latinoamericano de Investigaciones y
Estudios Musicales “Vicente Emilio Sojo”, 1984).
182
Mx:
Ave Maria
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the traditional Catholic prayer
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][ss][aa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
183
4/4 *
Initial Meter:
Andante lento
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language:Latin
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information:Motet
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1990
Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Publisher:
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Recording: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Canción de la molinera
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Alejandro Casona
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Con alegría = 126
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal
Date of Composition: 1942
Date of Publication: 1984 and 2005
Publisher: Ediciones del Congreso de la República
Despertar
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Luis Barrios Cruz
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: t[bb][bb]
185
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/2 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Lento e calmo = 60
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal.
Date of Composition: 1938
Date of Publication: 1984, 1990, and 2005
Publisher: Arteaga, Efraín, ed. La Escuela de Santa Capilla. Caracas:
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2005.
Fresas maduritas
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Julio Morales Lara
Type of Choir: U
Voices and Range: u
186
pf
Instrumentation:
F major
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Allegretto gracioso
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1938
Date of Publication:1990
Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Publisher:
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Recording: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/2 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Lento e cadencioso = 66
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal
Date of Composition: 1961
187
Los gallos
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Fernando Paz Castillo
Type of Choir: U
Voices and Range: u
pf
Instrumentation:
A minor
Initial Key:
3/2 *
Initial Meter:
Calmo
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: 1938
Date of Publication:1990
Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Publisher:
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Recording: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Additional Remarks: None
188
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 and 6/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Movido = 112 (after an introduction marked: un poco
ad libitum)
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’40’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal
Date of Composition: 1961
Date of Publication: 1984
Publisher: Ediciones del Congreso de la República
Recording: Música de Latinoamérica. Produced by María Guinand.
Schola Cantorum de Caracas and Earthsongs. CD.
1998.
Tilingo, tilingo
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Popular verses
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
A cappella
Instrumentation:
F major
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Allegretto
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan song
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1990
Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Publisher:
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Recording: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Rodriguez, José Luis, ed. Antología de la Música Coral
Venezolana III. Caracas: Fundación de los
Trabajadores de Lagoven, 1990.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D dorian
Initial Meter: 6/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Teneramente calmo = 72
190
Difficulty:M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal
Date of Composition: 1954
Date of Publication: 1984
Publisher: Ediciones del Congreso de la República
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Oficial de Música Vocal [Official
Award for Vocal Music] in 1954.
Source: Estévez, Antonio. Canciones Corales. Caracas: Instituto
Latinoamericano de Investigaciones y Estudios
Musicales “Vicente Emilio Sojo”, 1984.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 3/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Muy lento = 63 (after an introduction marked: Un poco
ad libitum)
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Nationalistic madrigal
Date of Composition: 1954
Date of Publication: 1984
Publisher: Ediciones del Congreso de la República
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Oficial de Música Vocal [Official
Award for Vocal Music] in 1954.
Source: Estévez, Antonio. Canciones Corales. Caracas: Instituto
Latinoamericano de Investigaciones y Estudios
Musicales “Vicente Emilio Sojo”, 1984.
191
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 5/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect:Con alegría jacarandosa = 315
H
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’30’’
Other Information: Nationalism. Joropo
Date of Composition: 1954
Date of Publication: 1984
Publisher: Ediciones del Congreso de la República
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Oficial de Música Vocal [Official
Award for Vocal Music] in 1954.
Source: Estévez, Antonio. Canciones Corales. Caracas: Instituto
Latinoamericano de Investigaciones y Estudios
Musicales “Vicente Emilio Sojo”, 1984.
Unexamined scores:
During this research, the author has not been able to have access to the original
score nor a copy of the following titles. The information presented for each one has been
Ave María
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Sacred text
Type of Choir: Mx, Tr (women’s choir), and Tr (children’s choir)
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Latin
Other Information: Motet
Date of Composition: 1984
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Last composition by Estévez
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
Azul y verde
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Irma de Sola
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Secular
Date of Composition: 1938
Recording: Not available
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
Cuatro Canciones
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Winner of the Premio Oficial de Música Vocal [Official
Award for Vocal Music] in 1951.
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
El jazminero estrellado
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jacinto Fombona Pachano
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Secular
Date of Composition: 1938
Recording: Not available
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
El Mampulorio
Date of Composition: 1943
Recording: Not available
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
El ordeñador
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Secular
Date of Composition: 1955
Recording: Not available
194
En pos de la vida
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Language: Spanish
Date of Composition: 1944
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Based on a composition by Shostakovich
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
La Sirena
Date of Composition: 1943
Recording: Not available
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
195
Oligarcas temblad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Secular
Date of Composition: 1944
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Based on the song Canción de la Guerra Federal [Song of
the Federal War].
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
Rocío
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Luis Eladio Guevara
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Secular
Date of Composition: 1938
Recording: Not available
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
Rosalinda
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Israel Peña
Instrumentation: A cappella
Language: Spanish
Other Information: Secular
Date of Composition: 1943
Recording: Not available
Source: Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la
Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Bigott,
1998. s.v. “Estévez Aponte, Antonio.”
Grau, Alberto (b. 1937)
Alberto Grau was born in Spain in 1937 and relocated to Venezuela at an early
age. A distinguished composer, conductor, and teacher, Grau has earned a place of honor
among the most prominent contemporary Venezuelan musicians. He is best known for
his work as a choral conductor; however, as a composer he has become one of the leading
figures in Latin America. Many of Grau’s works have been published by Earthsongs
(USA), N.J.Kjos (USA), A Coeur Joie (France), Oxford University Press (England),
GGM editores (Venezuela), Carus Verlag (Germany), and he continually receives many
commissions from choirs all over the world. Earthsongs not only offers some of his
music, but also distributes all the music published by GGM editores. His most recent
work is his book on choral conducting The Making of a Conductor, published by GGM
published in English.
In 1967 he founded the Schola Cantorum de Caracas and won First Prize in the
1974 Guido D’Arezzo International Competition in Italy. Since then he has attended
many important international congresses and festivals with his choirs, such as ACDA
conventions, Europa Cantat and America Cantat Festivals, and many World Choral
Symposia. He has also been invited to serve as a guest conductor, adjudicator, and
professor of choral music in Europe, the United States, Latin America and Asia.
More than thirty recordings provide evidence of Alberto Grau’s fine musicianship
and extensive knowledge of international and Latin American choral repertoire. He is the
founder and honorary director of the Schola Cantorum de Venezuela and the Orfeón
196
197
(FESNOJIV). At present he conducts the Ave Fénix chamber choir in Caracas, and is
Singers of the Schola / Building while Singing) and of the Project of Social Action for
Music of CAF. For more than 30 years he was professor of Choral Conducting in
establishments such as the Musical Institute and the Simón Bolívar University in Caracas,
Grau has studied with Venezuela’s most gifted teachers: Vicente Emilio Sojo,
Angel Sauce, Juan Bautista Plaza and Gonzalo Castellanos. He has won the José Angel
Montero National Competition Award in Venezuela three times: in 1967 for his Triptych
for Low Voice & Piano, in 1983 with Dies Irae for Mixed Chorus, and in 1987 with his
Pater Noster for Mixed Chorus. His Ballet La Doncella for mixed choir, narrator and
chamber ensemble was awarded first prize in the 1978 International Day for Choral
Singing competition in Barcelona, Spain; and his Opereta Ecológica won the
received a commission from the Sixth World Choral Symposium in Minneapolis in 2002,
In his earlier years, Grau’s choral compositions were characterized by dense and
complex harmonies and the use of some extended compositional techniques such as
glides, whispers, spoken text, and clusters. As in the case of many Venezuelan choral
popular and traditional Latin American tunes that were simpler in construction. In the
latter part of the 1980s he began to incorporate eurhythmics in his works, which would
198
quickly become one of his stylistic signatures. For over a decade, Grau has been writing
music that fuses four fundamental elements: 1) his initial European-based complex
harmonic constructions, 2) the rich and occasionally complex rhythmic textures from
Latin America and the Caribbean, 3) rhythmic motives that derive from the natural
prosodic accentuation of the text, and 4) eurhythmic patterns of body movements and
body percussion. Altogether, Grau’s music has quickly transcended national borders and
Choral Works:
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Legato e dolce, circa = 58
Difficulty: M
Language: English
Approximate Duration: 4’45’’
Other Information: Traditional folksong from Newfoundland, Canada
Date of Composition: 2005
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
199
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Legato e dolce, circa = 58
Difficulty: M
Language: English
Approximate Duration: 4’45’’
Other Information: Traditional folksong from Newfoundland, Canada
Date of Composition: 2005
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
A la y cui cui
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: s[aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 90 ]
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Includes extended compositional techniques such as
whispering and gliding; and eurhythmics.
Date of Composition: 2006
Date of Publication: 2006
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-275)
Recording: Not available. The Schola Juvenil of Venezuela is
currently working on a cd production that contains this
work, but has not yet been released.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A la Schola Juvenil de Venezuela
Source: Grau, Alberto. A un panal de rica miel. Caracas: GGM
editores, 2006.
¡Allegria, Allegria!
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: From Cantigas de Santa María by Alfonso X “El Sabio,”
Rey de Castilla y León
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 6/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
201
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: 2003
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A mis panas del Ave Fénix
Source: Grau, Alberto. ¡Allegria, Allegria! Caracas: GGM
editores, 2004.
Ananaynanay
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Isabel Aretz
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s[ss][aa]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 60 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’30’’
Other Information: Traditional Christmas song from Falcón State, Venezuela.
Date of Composition: 1988
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-510)
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. IV. Arreglos,
versiones corales y composiciones sobre temas
populares. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007652. CD. 2007.
Ananaynanay
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Isabel Aretz
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sab
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
[ = 60 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’30’’
Other Information:Traditional Christmas song from Falcón State, Venezuela.
Date of Composition: 1980
Date of Publication:2006
Oxford University Press
Editor:
Recording:Tierra, País y Patria. Coral Consolidado, dir. Alberto
Grau. Fundación Banco Consolidado. SD
28293729. CD. 1993.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Arriba cosmonauta
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 60
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
203
Bésame mucho
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Consuelo Velásquez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 4/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro = 80
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Bolero
Date of Composition: 2004
Date of Publication: 2004
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. IV. Arreglos,
versiones corales y composiciones sobre temas
populares. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007652. CD. 2007.
Bin-Nam-Ma
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: The text is derived from phonetic transformations of a
popular Catalan melody which is used by the author to
start the song.
Type of Choir: Mx
205
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 12/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto = 95
Difficulty: H
Language: Catalan
Approximate Duration: 6’00’’
Other Information: Contains extended compositional techniques such as
multi-meter, overtones, highest possible pitch, glides, and
eurhythmics.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: 2001
Editor: Earthsongs (S-166)
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. I. Voces
mixtas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007655. CD. 2007.
Brujas y hadas
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: sa
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 66
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Includes sections with eurhythmics.
206
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 12/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem for the Simón Bolívar University in
Caracas. There is a later version with orchestral
accompaniment.
Date of Composition: 1972
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Canto al Nuevo Mundo. Orfeón Universitario Simón
Bolívar, dir. María Guinand and Maibel Troia.
Equinoccio. FD.17297298. CD. 1997.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
207
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
[ = 60 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information:Slow lullaby
Date of Composition: 1966
Date of Publication:1993
Earthsongs (S-39)
Editor:
Recording:Música de Latinoamérica. Produced by María Guinand.
Schola Cantorum de Caracas and Earthsongs. CD.
1998.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A Beatriz (Beatriz Grau is Alberto Grau’s first
daughter)
Source: Grau, Alberto. Canciones de cuna. Corvallis: Earthsongs,
1993.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 75 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
208
Instrumentation: A cappella
A minor
Initial Key:
Initial Meter:4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Serenamente
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4/4
Other Information: Relatively simple and rhythmically free song.
Date of Composition: 1990
Date of Publication: 2003
GGM editores
Editor:
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A Oscar Armao, compañero cantor de ahora y
siempre
Source: Grau, Alberto. Cantad coros del mundo. Sing choirs of the
world. Caracas: GGM editores, 2003.
209
Cantemos alegres
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular Christmas song from Venezuela. Compiled by
Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: Solo, sat[bb]
Caracolitos chicos
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Fragments of verses by Federico García Lorca
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: SA, [ss][ss][aa][aa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Enérgico = circa 72
Difficulty: H
210
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 6’00’’
Other Information: Difficult composition with much body eurhythmics. The
harmonic language is also challenging. It has meter
changes throughout the piece.
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-511)
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. II. Voces
femeninas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007654. CD. 2007.
Caramba
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Otilio Galíndez
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][ss][aaaa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 6/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 60 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Serenade from Venezuela
Date of Composition: 1989
Date of Publication: 2000
Editor: Ediciones Schola Cantorum de Caracas
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. IV. Arreglos,
versiones corales y composiciones sobre temas
populares. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007652. CD. 2007.
211
Caramba
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Otilio Galíndez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
A cappella
Instrumentation:
C minor
Initial Key:
6/8 *
Initial Meter:
Amoroso y siempre dulce
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information:Serenade from Venezuela
Date of Composition: 1989
Date of Publication:1999
Kjos
Editor:
Canto al Nuevo Mundo. Orfeón Universitario Simón
Recording:
Bolívar, dir. María Guinand and Maibel Troia.
Equinoccio. FD.17297298. CD. 1997.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Grau, Alberto. Caramba. San Diego: Neil A. Kjos Music
Company, 1999.
212
Mx:
Como tú
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Rubén Darío
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ssss][ssss][aaaa][aaaa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect:Andantino, dolcemente. Circa = 92
H
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Challenging upbeat song. The composer uses many of the
rhythms from Latin percussion instruments and sets them
in the voices creating intricate rhythmic textures. It ends
with 16-note clusters.
Date of Composition: 1988
Date of Publication: 1996
Editor: Earthsongs (W-41)
218
Confitemi Domino
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Psalm 33
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SS, [ss][aa][tt][bb]
219
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Hinting towards G minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = circa 80
Difficulty: H
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 7’30’’
Other Information: Challenging harmonic language. Use of extended
compositional techniques such as whispering and glides.
Date of Composition: 2001
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-167)
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. I. Voces
mixtas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007655. CD. 2007.
Cruje-Silba
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Andrés Bello
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, sa
FD1722002458. CD.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Cumpleaños
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 12/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 65 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Old Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Simple song. The sopranos sing the molodic line while the
rest of the choir accompanies with neutral syllables.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A la María, sancta ma non troppo
Source: Composer
Dale como es
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Adalberto Alvarez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt]b
Dies Irae
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Thirteenth century Latin hymn thought to be written by
Thomas of Celano.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SAT, [ssss][aaaa][tttt][bbbb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Contemporary harmonic language starting with a B
Initial Meter: 5/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante quejumbroso (dolent) = 80
Difficulty: H
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 6’45’’
Other Information: Complex motet that contains some extended
compositional techniques such as glides, clusters,
approximate pitches, and whispering.
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Not available
Editor: Escuela de Canto Coral Lagoven
Recording: Alberto Grau. Composiciones Corales. Schola Cantorum
de Caracas, Orfeón Universitario Simón Bolívar
and Cantoría Alberto Grau, dir. Alberto Grau and
María Guinand. Fundación Schola Cantorum de
Caracas. CP 171 92559. CD. 1992.
Dolorosa
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Thirteenth century Roman Catholic sequence attributed to
Innocent III and Jacopone da Todi
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, [ss][ss]a
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = circa 56 (after short inroduction marked: Lento ad
libitum)
Difficulty: H
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Slow motet that uses gliding from note to note as a
compositional technique, and has many metric changes.
Includes sections with eurhythmics.
Date of Composition: 1998
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A Clelia
Source: Composer
Doxa Patri
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Collected by Bucut Dulpa
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
227
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Sempre dolce = ca. 60
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information:Slow processional song
Date of Composition: 1995
Date of Publication:Manuscript
Manuscript
Editor:
Recording:Canto al Nuevo Mundo. Orfeón Universitario Simón
Bolívar, dir. María Guinand and Maibel Troia.
Equinoccio. FD.17297298. CD. 1997.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
El
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Juán de la Encina
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
[cuatro]
Instrumentation:
E minor
Initial Key:
3/4
Initial Meter:
Ritmo de chacarera
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information:Rhythm of Chacarera from Argentina
Date of Composition: 1993
Date of Publication:Manuscript
Manuscript
Editor:
Tierra, País y Patria. Coral Consolidado, dir. Alberto
Recording:
Grau. Fundación Banco Consolidado. SD
28293729. CD. 1993.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A la Coral Banco Consolidado
Source: Composer
228
El barquito
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Based on the Venezuelan popular song El barquito
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, [ss][aa]
El burro flautista
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Tomás de Iriarte
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: SA, [ss]a
229
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = circa 80
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Includes some extended compositional techniques such as
glides, spoken sections, and whistling, and in includes
eurhythmics throughout. It includes performance
instructions, especially for the eurhythmic sections.
Date of Composition: 2005
Date of Publication: 2005
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-274)
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Al Maestro y amigo Simón Galindo y a su
magnífico Coro de Niñas “Juventud Unida”
Source: Grau, Alberto. El burro flautista. Caracas: GGM editores,
2002.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect:[ = 50 ]
E
Difficulty:
Language: Catalan
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Slow and melancholic. The soloist sings the melody while
the choir accompanies with a neutral vowel. There is a
later version with orchestral accompaniment.
Date of Composition: 1970
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
230
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Circa = 74
Difficulty: M
Language: Catalan
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Includes sections with eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 2000
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Al Cor Madrigal
Source: Composer
El gallo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular Christmas song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
El gavilán
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
El gavilán
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][bb]
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Allegro = 180 (after a short introduction marked:
Initial Tempo or Affect:
Moderato = 60)
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan joropo. Upbeat song. Some rhythmic
complexities and some extended compositional techniques
are used.
Date of Composition: 2005
Date of Publication: 2005
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Not available. The Schola Juvenil of Venezuela is
currently working on a cd production that contains this
work, but has not yet been released.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Grau, Alberto. El gavilán. Caracas: GGM editores, 2005.
El riu i el mar
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Salvador Albert
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: sa
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: F major
233
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Dolcemente = 72
Difficulty: M
Language: Catalan
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Includes sections with eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 2000
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: GGM editores (distributed by Earthsongs)
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A María Martorell
Source: Composer
Fecit Potentiam
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the Magnificat, canticle appointed to be sung at
Vespers in the Roman Rite.
Type of Choir: Mx
234
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 5/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante = circa 90
Difficulty: H
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 8’00’’
Other Information: Challenging composition that uses many extended
compositional techniques and eurhythmics. There are
numerous meter changes throughout. It includes
performance instructions for the eurhythmic sections.
Date of Composition: 2008
Date of Publication: 2008
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Commissioned by the Koerner Composer Residency
Program, Faculty of Music at the University of Toronto.
Premiered at the Soundstreams University Voices, 2008.
Source: Grau, Alberto. Fecit Potentiam. Caracas: GGM editores,
2008.
Felíz navidad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: José Feliciano
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: Solo, satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 8/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = circa 100
E
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Includes sections with eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 1989
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor:Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: The initials (FMI) are the same as the “Fondo Monetario
Internacional” (International Monetary Fund). Given the
translation of the text (“may a fairer world be created”),
the intention of the author was to create a sort of hymn
against the economic oppression of the FMI.
Source: Composer
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 8/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = circa 100
236
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Includes sections with eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 1989
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: The initials (FMI) are the same as the “Fondo Monetario
Internacional” (International Monetary Fund). Given the
translation of the text (“may a fairer world be created”),
the intention of the author was to create a sort of hymn
against the economic oppression of the FMI.
Source: Composer
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 8/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = circa 100
E
Difficulty:
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 4’00’’
Other Information: Includes sections with eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 1989
Date of Publication: No date
Editor:Escuela de canto coral Lagoven
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: The initials (FMI) are the same as the “Fondo Monetario
Internacional” (International Monetary Fund). Given the
translation of the text (“may a fairer world be created”),
the intention of the author was to create a sort of hymn
against the economic oppression of the FMI.
Source: Composer
237
Guararé
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ricardo Fábrega and Colaco Cortéz
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = ca. 120
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Upbeat song with some rhythmic complexities
Date of Composition: 2007
Date of Publication: 2007
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-273)
Recording: None
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A Kathy Romey
Source: Grau, Alberto. Guararé. Caracas: GGM editores, 2007.
Hermana lluvia
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Alberto Grau
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: 3 Soloists, [ss]s[aa]attbb
Instrumentation:A cappella
F minor
Initial Key:
3/4 *
Initial Meter:
Initial Tempo or Affect:Lentamente
H
Difficulty:
Language:Spanish
Approximate Duration: 8’30’’
Other Information: Challenging composition that uses many extended
compositional techniques and eurhythmics. There are
numerous meter changes throughout. It includes
performance instructions for the eurhythmic sections. First
section imitates the rain falling.
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2003
238
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: Gb major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro. Circa = 100
Difficulty: E
Language: English
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Upbeat song. Includes some eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 2005
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro. Circa = 100
Difficulty: E
Language: English
239
Instrumentation: A cappella
240
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 8/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante. Molto legato = 80
Difficulty: H
Language: African Sahel
Approximate Duration: 5’30’’
Other Information: The song contains some extended compositional
techniques such as whispering, glides, among others.
Includes sections with eurhythmics.
Date of Composition: 1990
Date of Publication: 1991
Editor: Editions A Coeur Joie (also distributed by Earthsongs, W-
33)
Recording: Alberto Grau. Composiciones Corales. Schola Cantorum
de Caracas, Orfeón Universitario Simón Bolívar
and Cantoría Alberto Grau, dir. Alberto Grau and
241
La cucaracha
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Based on the popular Mexican song “La cucaracha” with
additional text by Alberto Grau
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
La doncella
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Salvador de Madariaga
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: Narrator, ssa
Instrumentation: fl/pic, ob, cl Bb, bn, tp Bb, tbn, tuba, tmp, small dr, sd,
tambn, cym, clave, güiro, cowbell, bd, tri, 2tam-tam,
glock, vib, conga, bongo, elec gtr, elec bass, pf, cel, str
Initial Key: F#-C tritone (possibly hinting F# diminished)
Initial Meter: 10/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro = 120
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
243
La doncella
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Salvador de Madariaga
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: Narrator, [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: fl/pic, ob, cl Bb, bn, tp Bb, tbn, tuba, tmp, small dr, sd,
tambn, cym, clave, guiro, cowbell, bd, tri, 2tam-tam,
glock, vib, elec gtr, elec bass, pf, cel, vc, db
Initial Key: F#-C tritone (possibly hinting F# diminished)
Initial Meter: 10/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro = 120
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 29’00’’
Other Information: Contains extended compositional techniques such as
glides, whispering, whistling, talking, clusters, and
eurhythmic elements. It uses mixed meter throughout.
Date of Composition: 1977-1978
Date of Publication: 1988
Editor: Ediciones de la Contraloría General de la República
Recording: Alberto Grau. Composiciones Corales. Schola Cantorum
de Caracas, Orfeón Universitario Simón Bolívar
and Cantoría Alberto Grau, dir. Alberto Grau and
María Guinand. Fundación Schola Cantorum de
244
La flor de la miel
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Manuel Felipe Rugeles
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: A, [ss][ss][aa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 12/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: Muy dulce = 58
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Slow lullaby that characterizes for creating chords by
holding the notes of the melody
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: 1994
Editor: Earthsongs (S-47)
Recording: Alberto Grau. Composiciones Corales. Schola Cantorum
de Caracas, Orfeón Universitario Simón Bolívar
and Cantoría Alberto Grau, dir. Alberto Grau and
María Guinand. Fundación Schola Cantorum de
Caracas. CP 171 92559. CD. 1992.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/8 *
[ = 110 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Nonsensical syllables
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information:Challenging arrangement of an Argentinean tango
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication:Manuscript
Manuscript
Editor:
Recording:Cantos de la Tierra, Cantoría Juvenil, dir. Cristian Grases,
Fundación Schola Cantorum de Caracas. CD.
2001.
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Dedicado a Mercedes Teresa y a la Cantoría
Juvenil de la Schola Cantorum de Caracas
Source: Composer
246
La otra orilla
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: S, sa
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Traditional song from Nueva Esparta State
Date of Composition: 1974
Date of Publication: 2005
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. IV. Arreglos,
versiones corales y composiciones sobre temas
populares. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007652. CD. 2007.
Instrumentation: pf [perc]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 72
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Upbeat. Includes sections with eurhythmics. It also
includes some whispering and talking parts.
Date of Composition: 2004
Date of Publication: 2004
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. III. Música
para niños. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007653. CD. 2007.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Temeroso = 72
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’45’’
Other Information: Includes extended compositional techniques such as
gliding and whispering. It also offers eurhythmic and
250
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 9/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 60
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Includes extended compositional techniques such as
gliding and whispering. It also offers eurhythmic and
warm-up exercises based on the musical material of the
song.
Date of Composition: 1993
Date of Publication: 1996
Editor: Escuela de Canto Coral Lagoven
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. II. Voces
femeninas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007654. CD. 2007.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 100
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Includes extended compositional techniques such as
gliding and whispering. It also offers eurhythmic and
warm-up exercises based on the musical material of the
song.
Date of Composition: 1993
Date of Publication: 1996
Editor: Escuela de Canto Coral Lagoven
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. II. Voces
femeninas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007654. CD. 2007.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 72
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Includes extended compositional techniques such as
gliding and whispering. It also offers eurhythmic and
warm-up exercises based on the musical material of the
song.
Date of Composition: 1993
Date of Publication: 1996
Editor: Escuela de Canto Coral Lagoven
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. II. Voces
femeninas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007654. CD. 2007.
Instrumentation: perc
253
Magnificat - Gloria
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the Magnificat, canticle appointed to be sung at
Vespers in the Roman Rite. Also from Gloria Patri, also
referred to as the Minor Doxology.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: SB, [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 5/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto = ca. 92
Difficulty: H
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 8’00’’
Other Information: Challenging composition that uses many extended
254
Marcha de la creatividad
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss]a
Mariposita de primavera
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Miguel Matamoros
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][ss][aa]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Dolcemente
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’ 30’’
Other Information: Habanera madrigal
Date of Composition: 2001
Date of Publication: 2003
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A la Cantoría Juvenil de la Schola Cantorum
Source: Grau, Alberto. Mariposita de primavera. Caracas: GGM
editores, 2003.
Mariposita de primavera
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Miguel Matamoros
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: [tt][bb]b
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 50
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’ 30’’
Other Information: Habanera madrigal
Date of Composition: 2001
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-514)
Recording: Not available
256
Marranidad
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: s
Instrumentation: pf [perc]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’48’’
Other Information: This song is an upbeat and humorous aguinaldo which
includes sections with eurhythmics.
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. III. Música
para niños. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007653. CD. 2007.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 6/8 and 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Ad libitum
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’45’’
Other Information: Upbeat song in the style of joropo (traditional dance from
the Venezuelan plains which combines 3/4 and 6/8 meter),
with a slower section in the middle. Rhythmically
challenging.
Date of Composition: 2000
Date of Publication: 2000
Editor: Earthsongs
Recording: Latinoamericana XXI. Cantoría Alberto Grau and Schola
Cantorum de Caracas, dir. María Guinand, Alberto
Grau, Ana María Raga, Pablo Morales, and Luimar
Arismendi. Fundación Schola Cantorum de
Caracas. FD7122007651. CD. 2007.
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Grau, Alberto. Mata del Anima Sola. Corvallis: Earthongs,
2000.
Mi barquito de papel
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Carlos Izquierdo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: sa
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A los Pequeños Cantores de la Schola
Cantorum de Caracas
Source: Composer
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Revolves around the note G
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Lentamente = 60
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 10’00’’
Other Information: Challenging composition that includes lots of eurhythmics
and diverse extended compositional techniques. It
contains a section at the beginning with numerous
explanations relating to the performing of the
contemporary notations, and many preparatory exercises
based on the musical material in the song.
Date of Composition: 2002
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-201)
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. I. Voces
mixtas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007655. CD. 2007.
Niño lindo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional Venezuelan song
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: Solo(high voice), satb
Niño venturoso
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rogelio Caraballo. Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: Solo, satb
260
Paraguas de navidad
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Jesús Rosas Marcano
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: Rapper, SS, [ss][aa]t
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 130 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 6’45’’
Other Information: Extensive sections where the choir imitates percussion
instruments with Latin rhythms, and spoken parts
accompanying the rap solo.
Date of Composition: 2005
Date of Publication: 2005
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. III. Música
para niños. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007653. CD. 2007.
Pata Pa’ca
Arrangement / Composition: Composition (together with Cristian Grases)
Original Music and Text: Based on poetic fragments by Federico García Lorca and
nonsense syllables by Alberto Grau
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: Solo, [ss]s[aa]
268
Pater Noster
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Two versions of this Catholic prayer occur in the New
Testament: the first in the Gospel of Matthew 6:9–13, and
the other in the Gospel of Luke 11:2–4
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt]b
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
269
Pensando en ti
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
270
Original Music and Text: Text by Raúl Otero R. Music by Nicolás Menacho
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D dorian
Initial Meter: 2/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Enérgico = 60
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish and Latin
Approximate Duration: 5’30’’
Other Information: Uses eurhythmics throughout the entire song. Short solo
Date of Composition: 2003
Date of Publication: 2003
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A la siempre anhelada PAZ
Source: Grau, Alberto. Pierda quien pierda. Caracas: GGM
editores, 2003.
271
Ríete!
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Sections of the poem Nanas de la cebolla by Miguel
Hernández
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][aa]
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 8/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 180
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Upbeat and humorous song. Includes sections with
eurhythmics
Date of Composition: 1998
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Para Bea. Canción de cuna para NO dormir a
mi primer nieto
Source: Composer
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Dolcemente = ca. [ 60 ] (there is a mistake in the score
Initial Tempo or Affect: and the value of the tempo marking is absent)
Difficulty: E
Language: Catalan
272
Rumex Crispus
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Based on Basque mythology
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss]saa
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 4/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Mágico = circa 100
Difficulty: H
Language: Basque
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Challenging composition for youth treble choirs that uses
many extended compositional techniques and
eurhythmics. There are numerous meter changes
throughout. It includes performance instructions,
especially for the eurhythmic sections.
Date of Composition: 2006
Date of Publication: 2005
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. II. Voces
femeninas. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007654. CD. 2007.
Additional Remarks: Commissioned by the Basque children´s and youth choir
Gaudeamus Korala on the occasion of its participation in
the World Choir Games held in China in 2006.
Source: Grau, Alberto. Rumex Crispus. Caracas: GGM editores,
2005.
Salve
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
273
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 6/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 60 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Very short and simple song. It is slow and reverent, and it
is sung with a hum until the last three bars where the text
“salve, salve regina, salve” is sung.
Date of Composition: 2000
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 6/8 *
Allegretto, Dolcemente = circa 112
Initial Tempo or Affect:
H
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 6’15’’
Other Information:Challenging composition that uses many extended
compositional techniques and eurhythmics. There are
numerous meter changes throughout. It includes
performance instructions for the eurhythmic sections.
Date of Composition: 2008
274
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Includes extended compositional techniques such as
whispering and talking, and sections with eurhythmics.
Date of Composition: 1994
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-519)
Recording: Cruje-Silba. Cantoría Juvenil, dir. Cristian Grases and
María Leticia González. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD 172-991281. CD. 1999.
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 80
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Very lyric lullaby. Probably originally conceived as a solo
piece
276
Son de la loma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Miguel Matamoros
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: [ss][ss][aa]
Son de la loma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
277
Stabat Mater
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Thirteenth century Roman Catholic sequence attributed to
Innocent III and Jacopone da Todi
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
278
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Calmo y lánguido = circa 72
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Slow and lyric song
Date of Composition: 1999
Date of Publication: 2002
Editor: GGM editores (Earthsongs, S-513)
Recording: Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. IV. Arreglos,
versiones corales y composiciones sobre temas
populares. Ed. Alberto Grau and María Guinand.
Various artists. FD7122007652. CD. 2007.
Unexamined scores:
Grau has provided a catalog of works which contains additional titles that were
not available at the time of this research, and thus are not included above. These works
A ti te cantamos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Adeste fideles
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: John Francis Wade
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1970
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Amunt i amunt
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Magí Morera
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1977
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Aria triste
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Juan R. Jiménez
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1967
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Cantemos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Zoltán Kodály
Type of Choir: Mx
283
Cantemos, cantemos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Como sucedió
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by María Ramos
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1993
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a María
Source: Composer
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Deror yikra
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Despierta América
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Alberto Grau
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1991
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Dichosos mortales
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: R. Izaza
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
El pajarillo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1972
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
285
Source: Composer
En tus manos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Espléndida noche
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ricardo Pérez
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Estrella de mar
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
286
Gallarda
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Gaudeamus
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1971
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Himno de la ULA
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Alberto Grau
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Himno de la UNA
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Victor J. Higuera
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1981
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
287
Himno de la UNELLEZ
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Oscar Pinongelli
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1977
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Hoy es tu día
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1985
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
288
Jerusalem de oro
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
La batalla
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Son de Tamunangue from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1972
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
La cabra mocha
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1976
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
La jornada
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
289
La mort de l’escolá
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Jacinto Verdaguer
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
La mort de l’escolá
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Jacinto Verdaguer
Type of Choir: Mx and orch
Date of Composition: 1991
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Pedro Parmenio
Source: Composer
Maracaibo en la noche
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Jesús Reyes
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1973
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
María natividad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Pedro M. Layatorres
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1976
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
290
Navajivan, mi campamento
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Maruja Lizarraga
Type of Choir: Tr
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Niñito chiquito
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Efraín Subero
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1976
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a mi hija Beatriz
Source: Composer
Niñito Jesús
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Liliana Mayz
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1976
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a mis dos “trocitos” Bea y Gonzalo
Source: Composer
Noche de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Josef Mohr. Music by Franz Grüber
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1970
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
291
Padre nuestro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Sacred text
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1995
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: a Luis Alfredo
Source: Composer
Parranda
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Plenitud
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ana Mercedes de Rugeles
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1973
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Precioso querube
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Purísima
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Que barahunda
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Andrés Bello
Type of Choir: Tr
Date of Composition: 2007
Date of Publication: 2007
Editor: GGM editores
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Summertime
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: George Gershwin (From Porgy and Bess)
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1972
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Triste navidad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1992
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Tun tun
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Venid, venid
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: R. Izaza
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1968
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Yirbiu semahot
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Date of Composition: 1983
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Editor: Manuscript
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Izarra, Adina (b. 1959)
Alfredo del Mónaco (Caracas) and Vic Hoyland (England). Izarra lives in Caracas and
teaches at Simón Bolívar University as a full professor. Her works include solo, chamber,
and orchestral music, as well as music for theatre. A few of these compositions have
World Music Days: Pitangus Sulphuratus in Oslo, Norway 1990, VOJM for voice and
Her works have been performed and recorded by Venezuelan artists such as
Marisela González, Luis Julio Toro, Rubén Riera, and Elena Riú. Other European and
American performers and festivals have also included Izarra’s works in their concerts:
Santa Fé Festival, National Flute Association (New York, USA, 1996), Carnegie Mellon
(Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1995), Ensemble from the Institute fur Neue Musik (Freiburg,
Germany), the Neos Ensemble, the Festival Cervantino, City of México International
Izarra was a member of the executive committee of the International Society for
Contemporary Music (ISCM) between 1999 and 2001, and in 2002 she was elected
296
297
Choral Works:
Troyanas
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Euripides. Text adapted by Javier Vidal.
Type of Choir: Ma and Tr (children’s choir)
Voices and Range: BBBc(ssa)tbb
(Metropolitan University) in Caracas with Yannis Ioannidis, and guitar at the Juan
Washington, D.C.94
Mendoza plays classical, electric, and folkloric guitar; cuatro; bandola; and Latin
percussion. He has played in numerous folkloric, jazz, and rock ensembles, producing
recordings with some of them. He has been chair of the Sound Division of the National
Foundation). He has taught at New York State University; at the Institut für Musik und
94
Emilio Mendoza, “Emilio Mendoza,” Simón Bolívar University, http://prof.usb.ve/emendoza/
(accessed February 17, 2009).
95
Ibid.
298
299
and first president of the Asociación Internacional para el Estudio de Música Popular,
and rhythmic complexities), popular and jazz elements (especially in the use of the
harmony), and academic tendencies. It has been performed internationally and at the
ISCM world conference in seven occasions. Among many awards, he has won the
Gaudeamus Award in composition in the Netherlands and the National Music Prize in
Venezuela. His works have been published in Germany, United States of America,
Choral Works:
Susurro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Nonsensical sounds (ss, sh, gh, r)
Type of Choir: Mx (it can also be performed with recorded sounds or
synthesized sounds)
Voices and Range: Two groups (group A divided in five sub-groups
distributed on stage from left to right, representing the
stereo sound; and group B evenly distributed on stage,
representing the mono sound) producing unvoiced
fricative (ss [s], sh [ʃ], gh [Ҫ]) and tap (r [r]) sounds
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: No pitch
Initial Meter: 4/4
96
Ibid.
97
Ibid.
300
was born in Caracas, on August 2, 1911, and died in Caracas, on December 26, 1995. He
studied music in the José Angel Lamas School of Music, where he graduated as a
composer in 1944. In 1945 he received a scholarship from the municipality of New York
In 1930 he was invited by his mentor Vicente Emilio Sojo to help found the
a position he carried out for more than 12 years. He also founded numerous orchestral
ensembles in the capital city. Sauce was an important advocate of choral music in
Venezuela, establishing many ensembles, among which the following stand out: Orfeón
Juan Manuel Olivares (today known as Coral Venezuela), the Coral de la Electricidad de
(Andrés Bello Catholic University), the Latino Choir of New York, and the blind
people’s choir of the Venezuelan Institute for the Blind. With these ensembles he
supported and developed choral music in the country, including his pioneering choral-
symphonic concerts. He also founded the Conservatorio Nacional Juan José Landaeta
(Juan José Landaeta National Conservatory), which he directed for over thirty years.99
Sauce was a versatile composer, writing music for orchestra, choir, chamber
ensembles, and soloists. Among his more relevant works are: Cantata Reina Jéhova, for
98
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Angel Sauce.”
99
Ibid.
301
302
soloist, choir and orchestra, which received the National Music Award in 1949;
Concierto para violín y orquesta (violin Concerto); Cecilia Mujica and Romance del Rey
Miguel, symphonic ballets that use native instruments; Sonata para violín y piano; and
Canción de libertad, for soloist, choir and orchestra. In 1982 he received the National
Sauce was a fervent advocate of Venezuelan traditions and folklore, following the
footsteps of his mentor Sojo. He used many of the melodies collected by Sojo as the basis
numerous ensembles, not only preserving and disseminating this rich musical heritage,
cultural roots.
Choral Works:
A la gloria de Andrés Bello
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Manuel Rodríguez Cárdenas
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
100
Ibid.
101
Vicente E Guevara, Obra Coral de Angel Sauce. (Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo,
1999), xi.
303
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Anthem
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
A la sombra de un cují
Arrangement / Composition: Arragement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, satb
A mi jardinero
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Angel Sauce
Type of Choir: U
Voices and Range: Solo, [uuu] (it is common practice that occasionally the
choir sings one of the solo verses, which explains the
triple division in the solo line)
Adelante Venezuela
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Román E. González
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Adeste fideles
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Francis Wade
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Adiós a Ocumare
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Gregorio José Timotes. Music by Angel M.
Landaeta.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Alma cumanesa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: José Antonio López
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Alma llanera
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Rafael Bolívar Coronado. Music by Pedro Elías
Gutiérrez.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Blando suspiro
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Henrique León
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, sat[bb]
Instrumentation: 3 gtr, db
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 85 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Short song
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not avalable
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Venezuelan bambuco from Táchira State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Canción de cuna
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular Spanish song from the Basque region.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
311
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Bb major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Homophonic lullaby
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Canción de la niebla
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Israel Peña
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
G major
Initial Key:
Initial Meter:3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1941
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Premiered by Orfeón Lamas in 1941 under de direction of
Antonio Estévez.
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
312
Cancioncilla sevillana
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Federico García Lorca
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: tbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4
[ = 75 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information:Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1956
Date of Publication:1999 and 2005
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo. (Guevara’s book states
that it is also published by Fundación José Angel Lamas
in Segundo Cuaderno de Canciones Corales, in 1956)
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Arteaga, Efraín, ed. La Escuela de Santa Capilla. Caracas:
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2005.
Canta (version 1)
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Alberto Arvelo Torrealba
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: B, [ss]a[tt][bb] (asuming that the baritone line from
measure 12 to measure 21 is just a simple division of the
bass section.)
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/2 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Alegre
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
313
Canta (version 2)
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Alberto Arvelo Torrealba
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Con alegría
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: Para el Orfeón Lamas
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: marac, dr
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Tranquilo – misterioso - ritual
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: In the spirit of a ritual or godly adoration.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Como el rocío
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: S, satb
315
Coplas
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Coral litúrgico
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Based on 1812 Overture by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The
texts were probably created by Angel Sauce.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Credo
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the Eucharistic celebration in the Latin
liturgical rites of the Roman Catholic Church.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 2/1
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 85 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 5’30’’
317
Don Ramón
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegretto = 84
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song. Five verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1987
Publisher: Contraloría General de la República
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Sauce, Angel and Adda E. Sauce. 17 Canciones
Venezolanas. Caracas: Contraloría General de la
República, 1987.
El ausente
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Félix Cardona Moreno. Music by Alfredo
Escalante
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
El manguito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Tiempo de Joropo = 252
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Venezuean joropo. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1987
Publisher: Contraloría General de la República
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Sauce, Angel and Adda E. Sauce. 17 Canciones
Venezolanas. Caracas: Contraloría General de la
República, 1987.
El manguito
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
319
El mare mare
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
El muñeco de la ciudad
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Adrián Pérez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
El niño malcriado
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: stb
El San Pedro
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore of Guatire. Collected by Vicente
Emilio Sojo.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: B, satb
El totumo de Guarenas
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Benito Canónico
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss]atb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Ab major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 45 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information: The choir accompanies the soloist both humming and
singing the text. Homophonic texture.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect:[ = 160 ]
H
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Fugue with some difficulties
Date of Composition: 1939
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Probably composed as a final project of Sauce’s
counterpoint studies.
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Gaudeamos igitur
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text from De Brevitate Vitae by Seneca. Music from
unknown author
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 1’15’’
Other Information: Graduation anthem
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
324
Gavilán Cua
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Angel Sauce
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: TB, [ss]at[bb]
Hendrina
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Napoleón Lucena
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: ST, satb
Instrumentation: bandolín, pf
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 90 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan bambuco from Lara State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
325
Himno al Nazareno
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Monsignor Dr. Ramón J. Lizardi
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 8’30’’
Other Information: Anthem for the Nazarene Society of the San Juan Bautista
Church. Five verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Dedicated: A la Sociedad del Nazareno de la Parroquia
San Juan Bautista
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 100 ]
Difficulty: E
326
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem for the Altamira Tennis Club
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 90 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem for the Spanish-American Oceanic
Union
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem for the Democratic Republican
Union. Five verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’15’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem of the José María Vargas University.
Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
328
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect:[ = 110 ]
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: No information has been gathered in regards to the
meaning of the initials E.M.E. and C.V.
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Bb major
Initial Meter: 3/2
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem for the Medicine Labor Union
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
329
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Institutional anthem of the Carlos Soublette High School.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Invocación
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text by Manuel Rodríguez Cárdenas
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Tranquilo
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
330
Justicia de rey
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Angel Sauce
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 90 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: 1939
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
La burriquita
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional song from eastern Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 2/4
331
La burriquita
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Popular song from eastern Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: [ss]a[tt][bb]
La creación
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: George Frideric Handel
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: ssatb
332
La lora
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: tbb
La lora
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
La Mónica Pérez
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: ssa
La Mónica Pérez
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
La partida
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Guanipa. Music by Espín
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
La perica
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Lino Gallardo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan joropo. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 105 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Polyphonic song
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: 3 gtr, db
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Allegro moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 5’00’’
Other Information: Venezuelan valse. Four verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Los ecos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rafael Izaza
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Maremare
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional song from eastern Venezuela
Type of Choir: Tr
338
Instrumentation: pf
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: Moderato
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’45’’
Other Information: The first two verses are sung by the soloists, and the choir
sings the last verse and all the refrains.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
339
Mi Teresa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, [ss]atb
Mujer divina
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Nació Jesús
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Angel Sauce
Type of Choir: U
Voices and Range: Solo, u
Niño Divino
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Angel Sauce
Type of Choir: U
Voices and Range: Solo, [uuuu] (it is common practice that occasionally the
choir sings one of the solo verses, which explains the
triple division in the solo line)
No más silencio
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, satb
Noche de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Joseph Mohr. Music by Franz Grüber
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 75 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Christmas song. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
343
Noche de paz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Joseph Mohr. Music by Franz Grüber
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Noches larenses
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Juan Ramón Barrios
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 100 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: In general the women’s sections sing alternating with the
344
men’s sections.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Padre nuestro
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Two versions of this Catholic prayer occur in the New
Testament: the first in the Gospel of Matthew 6:9–13, and
the other in the Gospel of Luke 11:2–4.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Dodecaphonic
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: Andante
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: Over 5’00’’ (It calls for a repetition [D. S. al fine], but the
segno could not be located.)
Other Information: Motet. Uses some extended compositional techniques
such as whispering and talking.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Por un capricho
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: José Reyna
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
345
Quisiera ser
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, sat[bb]
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 75 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Simple song. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
346
Rosa gentil
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Miller and Blanco
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: sa
Tantum ergo
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Text from the opening words of the last two verses of
Pange Lingua written by St Thomas Aquinas.
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: tbb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 75 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Latin
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
348
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/2
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 65 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Madrigal
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999 and 2005
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Arteaga, Efraín, ed. La Escuela de Santa Capilla. Caracas:
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 2005.
Toy contento
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Billo Frómeta
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
349
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 115 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Simple song. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Guevara, Vicente, ed. Obra coral de Angel Sauce.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
350
Vamos pastorcitos
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Angel Sauce
Type of Choir: U
Voices and Range: Solo, [uuu] (it is common practice that occasionally the
choir sings one of the solo verses, which explains the
triple division in the solo line)
Voraz
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: B, sat[bb]
Instrumentation: 3 gtr, db
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 90 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Slow song. Three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
351
years old he was sent to Caracas to study music at the Juan Manuel Olivares School of
Music and at the José Angel Lamas Superior School of Music, under important musicians
such as Vicente Emilio Sojo, Juan Bautista Plaza, Angel Sauce, and Antonio José Ramos.
He graduated in 1952 and traveled to Italy to study orchestral conducting at the famous
The death of his father in 1956 brought him back to Caracas, where he became
involved in choral life as the assistant director for the Coral Venezuela, at the time
most relevant.103
wrote a series of vocal arrangements of Venezuelan folk pieces. After showing them to
some of his choir friends, they decided to formally work together as a group, starting in
1962. In a few months the group was widely known for its unique style that blended
popular music and its richness in rhythms, melodies, and folklore, with the technique and
compositional resources of the academic music. Later they became widely known in
102
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Suárez Mujica, Rafael.”
103
Miguel Astor, Arreglos corales de Rafael Suárez. (Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo,
1999), ix.
104
Ibid.
352
353
Choral Works:
A adorar al niño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Vicente Emilio Sojo
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Aguinaldo carupanero
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Aguinaldo de El Callao
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore from El Callao
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Alba
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Domingo Mendoza. Music by Lorenzo Rodríguez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A major
Initial Meter: 3/4
[ = 140 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information:Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Amalia Rosa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Tino Carrasco
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 200 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan golpe from Lara State. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
356
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
[ = 105 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan bambuco
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 2. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 014. LP.
1963.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
357
Camurí
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Eduardo Serrano
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 125 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Canchunchú florido
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Luis Mariano Rivera
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Merengue from eastern Venezuela. Four verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
358
Canción de cuna
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan traditional
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
[cuatro]
Instrumentation:
G major
Initial Key:
2/4 *
Initial Meter:
Andante
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Spanish
Language:
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information:Lullaby. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Publisher:
Recording:
Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Canción de la parima
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A major
359
Cándida María
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Alberto Arvelo Torrealba
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 200 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
360
Cantos de mi tierra
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: L. Armas and M. Ramírez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 85 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan bambuco from the andean region.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
361
Carnaval llanero
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 190 ]
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan joropo
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
Casta paloma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Alejandro Vargas
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 120 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
363
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 190 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song. Six verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 1. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 010. LP.
1962.
Crepúsculo coriano
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rafael Sánchez López
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 95 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan valse. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
Cumbancha
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Agustín Lara
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sattb
365
De oriente venimos
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Ventura Gómez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb (there is one brief moment in which sopranos and
altos whistle)
Diversión margariteña
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 115 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song from Nueva Esparta State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
El ángel Gabriel
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 110 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan vals
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
368
El gabán
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: B minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 200 ]
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan pasaje
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
369
El gallo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 5/8
[ = 315 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan aguinaldo from Cumaná. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Aguinaldos. Vol 3. Quinteto
Contrapunto, dir. Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor.
Mono 025. LP. 1965.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
El guapo
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Angel Guanipa
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 170 ]
Difficulty: M
370
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan joropo from Caracas
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
El morrocoy
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: F major
Initial Meter: 5/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 300 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Traditional song from Nueva Esparta State. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 2. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 014. LP.
1963.
El pequén
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Folklore from Chile
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 6/8
[ = 75 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information:Tonada from Chile with two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Flor de loto
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Juan de Dios Galavís
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
372
Gaita margariteña
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect:[ = 95 ]
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan merengue from Nueva Esparta State. Two
verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
373
Inquietud
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: L. C. Sánchez
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 6/8
[ = 90 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information:Venezuelan danza from Zulia State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
374
Juan José
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Guillermo Teruel
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sattb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 115 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan merengue from Caracas
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
La blanca paloma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Traditional from Venezuela
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
La cachúa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
[ = 120 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
M
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information:Diversión from eastern Venezuela. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
La caldereta
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Francisco Lagonell
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G major
377
La catuarera
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by José Tomás Arismendi. Music by Claudio Fermín
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 105 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
378
La chaparrita
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 200 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan golpe from Lara State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
La guachafita
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Ma
Voices and Range: tbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 3/4
[ = 180 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information:Venezuelan joropo
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 2. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 014. LP.
1963.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
380
La pascua es hermosa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Luis Mariano Rivera
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
La puerca
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Collected by Alberto Arvelo Torrealba
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 200 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan golpe from Lara State with three verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
381
La reina
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Amable Torres
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: C major
Initial Meter: 4/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 140 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’45’’
Other Information: Venezuelan contradanza
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
382
La ruperta
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Francisco Pacheco
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 135 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 4’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan vals. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 2/4
[ = 115 ]
Initial Tempo or Affect:
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information:Venezuelan merengue
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication:1999
Publisher:Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording:Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. 32 grandes éxitos. Quinteto
Contrapunto, dir. Rafael Suárez. Caracas,
Polygram. CD. 1998.
Additional Remarks: Written for Quinteto Contrapunto vocal ensemble
Source: Astor, Miguel, ed. Arreglos Corales de Rafael Suárez.
Caracas: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo, 1999.
Malembe
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
1963.
Maracaibera
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Rafael Rincón González
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 90 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan danza from Zulia State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 1. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 010. LP.
1962.
Maracaibo en la noche
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Jesús Reyes
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 70 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Venezuelan danza from Zulia State
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 2. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 014. LP.
1963.
Mare-mare
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sa[tt][bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 115 ]
386
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Traditional song from eastern Venezuela. Four verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 033. LP.
1966.
María tolete
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 130 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
387
Noches larenses
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Juan Ramón Barrios
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 80 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’45’’
Other Information: Slow serenade
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 2. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
388
Pájaro tilín
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 115 ]
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’15’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song from Nueva Esparta State.
Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 1. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 010. LP.
1962.
Playa grande
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Tano Acosta and Cheché Acosta
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sat[bb]
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 130 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’30’’
Other Information: Venezuelan vals from Carúpano. Two verses
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 2. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Polydor. Mono 014. LP.
1963.
Polo margariteño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D minor
390
Préstame tu máquina
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Anonymous
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: sattb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: G major
Initial Meter: 2/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 110 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’00’’
Other Information: Venezuelan merengue from Caracas
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 5. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
Rafael Suárez. Caracas, Vida Records. LPV-3316.
LP. 1970.
Quirpa
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: D major
Initial Meter: 3/4
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 225 ]
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’15’’
Other Information: Venezuelan joropo
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Guinand, María. Movimiento Coral Venezolano. Una
Retrospectiva. LF-172200090022. CD-Rom.
Río Manzanares
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
392
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 105 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Traditional song from the Venezuelan plains. Four verses
Date of Composition: No dates
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Collection vol. 1 & 4. Quinteto
Contrapunto, dir. Rafael Suárez. Caracas,
Sonográfica. CD. 1998.
Sebucán margariteño
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Venezuelan folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 105 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 2’30’’
Other Information: Traditional Venezuelan song from Nueva Esparta State,
usually accompanied with a traditional dance called
sebucán.
393
Setoconao
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Guaranúo folklore
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: at
Instrumentation: [cuatro]
Initial Key: E minor
Initial Meter: 6/8
Initial Tempo or Affect: [ = 75 ]
Difficulty: E
Language: Indigenous dialect
Approximate Duration: 1’00’’
Other Information: Indigenous song.
Date of Composition: No date
Date of Publication: 1999
Publisher: Fundación Vicente Emilio Sojo
Recording: Quinteto Contrapunto. Música popular y folklórica de
Venezuela. Vol 1. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir.
394
Si buscas a Dios
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Text by Magdaleno Alcalá. Music by Arturo León
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satb
Son de la loma
Arrangement / Composition: Arrangement
Original Music and Text: Miguel Matamoros
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: satbb
the Simón Bolívar University in Caracas, though he pursued this career for only a short
time. He started his piano studies in 1963 with several teachers, and graduated from the
Juan Manuel Olivares School of Music in 1976. In the same school he also studied
composition with Yannis Ioannidis and twentieth century techniques with Raúl Delgado
Estévez.105
Teruel worked for the Phonology Division of the National Library, was one of the
Danza (Latin American Dance Center), and taught electro-acoustic music at the Instituto
its president in 1988. He has created radio programs on electro acoustic music, and was
part of the group Ipso Facto from 1985 until 1990 together with Beatriz Bilbao and
Edgar Saume. He has lectured and performed his own music with piano and electro
(Contemporary Music Society) from 1976 until 1978, and he is currently a member of
Teruel has four distinct periods in terms of his compositional output: the first one
occurred during his time as an advanced student in which his works gravitated to Bartók
and Stravinsky. Between 1977 and 1978, his second period was more rebellious and
105
Peñín, J. and Walter Guido, eds. Enciclopedia de la Música en Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación
Bigott, 1998. s.v. “Bor, Modesta.”
106
Ibid.
396
397
aggressive, centered on the power of the text and the communication with the audience.
During this time he developed his connection with electro-acoustic music ideas, surely
encouraged by his engineering studies. During his third period he “returned to music,”
and decided to compose every day, creating pieces for various forces other than the
piano and his small group of friends. During his fourth and last period, which starts in
cultures.107 His musical output has earned nineteen awards both nationally and
internationally.
Choral Works:
El andariego
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Tomás Linden
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: ST, [ss][aa][tt][bb]
Instrumentation: Eh, vl
Initial Key: G mixolydian
Initial Meter: 12/8 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 112
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 3’00’’
Other Information: Contemporary piece with some harmonic complexities.
According to the composer, it has never been performed.
Date of Composition: April, 1996
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Publisher: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
107
Ibid.
398
Source: Composer
Inconcebible
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: From Melmoth el errabundo by Charles Maturin,
translated by Francisco Torres Oliver.
Type of Choir: Mx
Voices and Range: T, satb
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: A minor
Initial Meter: 4/4 *
Initial Tempo or Affect: = 56
Difficulty: H
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: 10’00’’
Other Information: Contemporary madrigal with some harmonic
complexities. Has been performed only twice, and
recorded once. This recording has been lost.
Date of Composition: December, 1986
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Publisher: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
Litúrgicamente
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Ricardo Teruel
Type of Choir:Mx
Voices and Range: The choir speaks the text
Instrumentation:A cappella
Spoken words
Initial Key:
There is no set meter
Initial Meter:
Initial Tempo or Affect:(Aleatoric music)
E
Difficulty:
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: Variable (Aleatoric music). The author suggests that each
ensemble and/or conductor could create its own text.
Other Information: Contemporary piece that suggests using the choir as a
typing machine. According to the composer, it has never
been performed.
399
Opusnón
Arrangement / Composition: Composition
Original Music and Text: Ricardo Teruel
Type of Choir: Tr
Voices and Range: The choir speaks the text. There are no pre-determined
sections
Instrumentation: A cappella
Initial Key: Spoken words
Initial Meter: There is no set metric
Initial Tempo or Affect: (Aleatoric music)
Difficulty: M
Language: Spanish
Approximate Duration: Variable (Aleatoric music)
Other Information: It offers a succession of actions, and requires the
children’s choir to be placed surrounding the audience.
According to the composer, it has never been performed.
Date of Composition: 1977
Date of Publication: Manuscript
Publisher: Manuscript
Recording: Not available
Additional Remarks: None
Source: Composer
APPENDIX 1
INDEX OF WORKS
400
401
Unison
with accompaniment:
Title (difficulty) Author
with accompaniment:
Brujas y hadas (M) Grau, Alberto
Canto aragüeño (E) Bor, Modesta
Cinco canciones infantiles basadas en Grau, Alberto
la poesía popular El San Pedro:I.- Si
San Pedro se muriera (M)
Cinco canciones infantiles basadas en Grau, Alberto
la poesía popular El San Pedro: II.- El
San Pedro milagroso (M)
Cinco canciones infantiles basadas en Grau, Alberto
la poesía popular El San Pedro: III.-
Ponte el gorro Peruchito (M)
Cinco canciones infantiles basadas en Grau, Alberto
la poesía popular El San Pedro: IV.- El
San Pedro de mi tierra (M)
402
with accompaniment:
A heart cry from the west (M) Grau, Alberto
Adiós a Ocumare (E) Bor, Modesta
Adoremos a Dios (M) Bor, Modesta
Aguinaldo margariteño (E) Bor, Modesta
Aguinaldo oriental (E) Bor, Modesta
Al llegar aquí (E) Bor, Modesta
Alé limón (E) Bor, Modesta
Ananaynanay (M) Grau, Alberto
Ave María ¡que muchacho! (E) Sauce, Angel
¡Ay San Antón! (M) Grau, Alberto
Bandera tricolor (E) Bor, Modesta
Canquin cuesca (E) Bor, Modesta
Canto aragüeño (E) Bor, Modesta
Canto de pilón (E) Bor, Modesta
De contento (E) Bor, Modesta
Doñana (E) Bor, Modesta
El aragüato (version 1) (E) Bor, Modesta
El aragüato (version 2) (E) Bor, Modesta
El baile (E) Bor, Modesta
El cambao (E) Bor, Modesta
El cant del pinsa (M) Grau, Alberto
El carite (M) Bor, Modesta
El manguito (E) Bor, Modesta
El manguito (M) Sauce, Angel
El niño malcriado (E) Bor, Modesta
El palagar (M) Bor, Modesta
El pavo (E) Bor, Modesta
El periquito (E) Bor, Modesta
El sebucán (E) Bor, Modesta
El señor Don Gato (E) Bor, Modesta
En la mano traigo (E) Bor, Modesta
Espléndida noche (E) Bor, Modesta
I’se the b’y (E) Grau, Alberto
Junda junda, San Antón (M) Grau, Alberto
La brillante estrella (E) Bor, Modesta
La burriquita (E) Bor, Modesta
La burriquita (E) Sauce, Angel
La cucaracha (M) Grau, Alberto
La culebra (E) Bor, Modesta
La doncella (H) Grau, Alberto
La guerra de los Vargas (E) Sauce, Angel
La jornada (E) Bor, Modesta
La lora (E) Bor, Modesta
La mariposa (E) Bor, Modesta
La mariposa (with soloist) (E) Bor, Modesta
La Mónica Pérez (E) Bor, Modesta
La Mónica Pérez (E) Sauce, Angel
La sirena (M) Bor, Modesta
405
with accompaniment:
Rumex crispus (H) Grau, Alberto
with accompaniment:
La guachafita (E) Suárez, Rafael
La lora (E) Sauce, Angel
Mixed voices
a cappella:
Title (difficulty) Author
with accompaniment:
A adorar al niño (E) Suárez, Rafael
A heart cry from the west (M) Grau, Alberto
A la nana en noche plácida (E) Sauce, Angel
A la sombra de un cují (E) Sauce, Angel
A la y cui cui (M) Grau, Alberto
A ti te cantamos (M) Carrillo, César Alejandro
A un panal de rica miel (H) Grau, Alberto
Abranme la puerta (E) Bor, Modesta
Adelante Venezuela (E) Sauce, Angel
Adeste fideles (E) Sauce, Angel
Adiós a Ocumare (M) Sauce, Angel
Adoremos a Dios (M) Bor, Modesta
Aguinaldo (E) Carrillo, César Alejandro
Aguinaldo carupanero (E) Suárez, Rafael
Aguinaldo de El Callao (E) Suárez, Rafael
Aguinaldo margariteño (E) Bor, Modesta
Aguinaldo oriental (E) Bor, Modesta
Ahora (M) Bor, Modesta
Al llegar aquí (E) Bor, Modesta
Al nacimiento de Cristo nuestro Señor Estévez, Antonio
(M)
Al niño Jesús llanero (E) Carrillo, César Alejandro
Alba (M) Suárez, Rafael
Alma cumanesa (M) Sauce, Angel
Alma llanera (M) Sauce, Angel
Alumbra cocuyito (M) Carrillo, César Alejandro
Amalia Rosa (M) Suárez, Rafael
Ananaynanay (M) Grau, Alberto
Ave María ¡que muchacho! (E) Sauce, Angel
Bésame mucho (M) Grau, Alberto
Blando suspiro (E) Sauce, Angel
Brisas del Torbes (E) Sauce, Angel
Brisas del Torbes (E) Suárez, Rafael
Brumas del mar (E) Sauce, Angel
410
414
415
The following is a short list of titles from each composer that constitutes a representative
416
417
Editions A Coeur Joie Address: 24 avenue Joannès Masset. BP 9151. F-69263 Lyon,
France.
ph: +33 (0)4.72.19.83.30 / Fax: +33 (0)4.72.53.01.94
Email: [email protected]
Web page: http://edacj.musicanet.org
Fundación Vicente Address: Av. Araure, Quinta Mery, Chuao. Caracas 1060,
Emilio Sojo Venezuela
ph: (58) 212.991.7601 / (58) 212.993.7008 / fax: (58)
212.991.6857
Email: [email protected]
Web page: http://www.funves.gob.ve
For direct contact with the composers, contact the author at:
Cristian Grases Email: [email protected]
Web page: http://www.cristiangrases.com
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424
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América Sacra. Coro de Cámara Exaudi, dir. María Felicia Pérez. Jade. 198479. CD.
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An OSU Christmas. Oklahoma State University Concert Chorale & Chamber Choir, dir.
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426
Antología de obras corales. Alberto Grau. III. Música para niños. Ed. Alberto Grau and
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Corporación Venezolana de Guayana. FD2102002120. CD.
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Guinand. Fundación Schola Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297302. CD. 1997.
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de Caracas. FD 17220011202. CD. 2001.
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Festival Caribe. FD 2522000290. CD. 1999.
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Carrillo. CCC1002. CD. 2002.
Concierto Entre Voces. Entre Voces, dir. Francisco Zapata. Entre Voces. CD. 1997.
Coral INTEVEP. Coral INTEVEP, dir. Raúl Delgado Estévez. CD. (no date).
Coral UDO Anzoátegui. Coral UDO Anzoátegui, dir. Rafael Silveira. CD. 1996.
Crossroads. San Francisco Girls Chorus, dir. Sharon J. Paul. San Francisco Girls Chorus.
SFGC 0001. CD. 2000.
Cruje-Silba. Cantoría Juvenil, dir. Cristian Grases and María Leticia González.
Fundación Schola Cantorum de Caracas. FD 172-991281. CD. 1999.
El blanco y el negro pintaron así. Hexacorde Grupo Vocal, dir. Jerry de los Ríos. CD.
1998.
Encuentros. Coro de Niños de la ULA, dir. Argenis Rivera. Universidad de los Andes.
FDO742001442. CD.
Entrevoces. Entre Voces dir. Francisco Zapata. Entre Voces. FD252991297. CD. 1999.
Exaudi Chamber Choir from Cuba. Exaudi, dir. María Felicia Pérez. Prophone PCD 019.
CD. 1994.
Exaudi. Cantos y Ritmos Americanos. Coro de Cámara Exaudi, dir. María Felicia Pérez.
Unicornio. 8015. CD. 2002.
Familias Unidas en la Tradición de Belén. La Acerita, dir. Clarisa Weil de Egloff. Grupo
IMSA. ISBN: 980-07-2343-9. CD.
Inicios. Coral Fundación Polar, dir. María Guinand. Fundación Polar. ISBN-
FD17297299. CD. 1997.
La Cantata Criolla / Choros No. 10. Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of Venezuela,
dir. Eduardo Mata. Dorian. DIS-80101. CD. 1992.
Latinoamericana XX. Cantoría Alberto Grau, dir. María Guinand. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297297. CD. 1997.
Latinoamericana XXI. Cantoría Alberto Grau and Schola Cantorum de Caracas, dir.
María Guinand, Alberto Grau, Ana María Raga, Pablo Morales, and Luimar
Arismendi. Fundación Schola Cantorum de Caracas. FD7122007651. CD. 2007.
Mi Puerto Viejo. Coral del Banco del Caribe, dir. Luis Gilberto Aristiguieta. BVC1. CD.
1995.
Música Coral Latinoamericana s. XX. Schola Cantorum de Caracas, dir. Alberto Grau.
Fundación Schola Cantorum de Caracas. FD17297296. CD. 1997.
Música Popular de Venezuela y Cuba. Cantarte Coro de Cámara, dir. César Alejandro
Carrillo. CCC1001. CD. 2000.
Ness – Grau. Schola Cantorum de Caracas, Cantoría Alberto Grau, Orfeón Universitario
Simón Bolívar, dir. Alberto Grau and María Guinand. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. FC 17296313. CD. 1996.
Nuevos Aguinaldos Venezolanos del Siglo XIX. Conjunto de Aguinaldos, dir. Miguel
Astor. Miguel Astor and Juan Francisco Sans. CD. 1996.
Ofrenda a un niño. Ilan Chester, Orfeón Universitario de la UCV, dir. César Alejandro
Carrillo. CD. 1999.
Plaza / Villa-Lobos. Cantoría Alberto Grau, dir. María Guinand. Fundación Schola
Cantorum de Caracas. CD 171 92560. CD. 1992.
Quinteto Contrapunto. Collection vol. 1 & 4. Quinteto Contrapunto, dir. Rafael Suárez.
Caracas, Sonográfica. CD. 1998.
Tierra, País y Patria. Coral Consolidado, dir. Alberto Grau. Fundación Banco
Consolidado. SD 28293729. CD. 1993.
Tonadas. Coral Banco Mercantil, dir. María Adela Alvarado and Amanda Soriano Leal.
Fundación Banco Mercantil. FD2522000538. CD. 1999.
World sun songs. Youth Choir Kamer, dir. Maris Sirmais. Youth Choir Kamer. CD. No
date.
World Youth Choir 2001. World Youth Choir, dir. Anton Armstrong, Felipe Izcaray,
Stephen Zegree and Michele Weir. IFCM. HOD 070360. CD. 2001.
World Youth Choir 2003. World Youth Choir, dir. Grete Pedersen, María Guinand, and
Johannes Prinz. IFCM. WYC 080164. CD. 2004.