ELCELB1 2019-2 B Eng Tech Study Guide

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND THE BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Technology
STUDY GUIDE FOR
QUALIFICATION: B-Eng Tech [B6ELECQ]

SUBJECT: Electronic Circuits 1B
SUBJECT CODE: ELCELB1
COMPILED BY: HP van der Walt
20 JULY 2019
9
©COPYRIGHT RESERVED
Table of Contents
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATION....................................................................................... 3
TEXTBOOKS ............................................................................................................................... 3
SUPPLEMENTARY BOOKS ...................................................................................................... 3
GENERAL .................................................................................................................................... 3
GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES ....................................................................................................... 7
THE ENGINEERING COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA (ECSA) .............................................. 4
WELCOME, SUBJECT AIM AND INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 9
PURPOSE OF THE QUALIFICATION .................................................................................... 10
PURPOSE OF THIS SUBJECT ................................................................................................. 11
ASSESSMENT DETAILS ......................................................................................................... 21
ASSESSMENT MARK CALCULATION................................................................................. 22
DETAILED SUBJECT SYLLABUS ......................................................................................... 24
MODULE OUTCOMES ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
CRITICAL CROSS-FIELD OUTCOMES (CCFO’S) ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS FOR ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS ....................................... 29
Latest Revision: v15 JUNE 2018 HP van der

Walt
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATION
Your lecturer Office

Mr. HP van der Walt Room 5202
Contact: Telephone 011 5596120, email: [email protected]
TEXTBOOKS
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Robert L Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Pearson
Publishers
Also available as free E- Book.
This textbook is also available as a hard copy from Test Craft.
SUPPLEMENTARY BOOKS
1) Electronic Devices Floyd

2) Electronics A top down approach Hambley
The above books can be found in the library. Another good source of electronic books is the
Johannesburg public library situated close to Sauer Street JHB.
3) E-Books. Valuable lessons/simulations free to download.
4) I would also encourage you to use google and you tube videos
http://freebooks.pupilgarage.com/FreeBookDownload?category=electrical
GENERAL
Departmental Secretary : Ms M Steyn
Contact details : 011 559 6106
Lectures : 4 Periods/ week

Practicals : 2 Periods/ week
Tutorials : 1 Periods/ week
Lecture Venues : Lecture Room: See Global Timetable
Practical Venue : Studio C or as determined by Global timetable
Duration of Course : 14 weeks, 14 credits, 3 hour exam
Consultation sessions : Will be discussed in class.

THE ENGINEERING COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA (ECSA)
Who is ECSA? ECSA is a statutory body established in terms of the Engineering
Profession Act (EPA), 46 of 2000. The primary role of ECSA is to regulate the engineering
profession on behalf of the government to comply with Act 46. ECSA is therefore
responsible to accreditate engineering programmes, courses, activities as well as the
registration and regulation of individuals as professionals or professionals in training. This
includes registration of individuals for titles such as Pr Eng, Pr Tech Eng, Pr Techni Eng, Pr
Cert Eng, who have met the professional registration criteria.
The aim of Act 46 is to promote safe working practices as well as to protect the interest of
the public and government. Registered persons are bound by the Code of Professional
Conduct which again ensures that they apply their knowledge and skill in the interest of
humanity and the environment, execute their work with integrity and sincerity and in
accordance with generally accepted norms of professional conduct. Registered persons
therefore respect the interest of their fellow being and honour the standing of the
Profession.
Benefits. Registration also offers the individual some additional benefits such as:
• Public Confidence
• Membership of Certain Voluntary Associations
• International Recognition
• Lifestyle Benefits (Organised by ECSA with financial institutions)
• Marketability
• Exclusive Use of Reserved Names
• Statutory Empowerment
Types of registration. An individual may register in a number of categories.

(a) Professional, which is divided into:
Professional Engineer;
Professional Engineering Technologist;
Professional Certificated Engineer; or
Professional Engineering Technician
(b) Candidate, which is divided into:

Candidate Engineer;
Candidate Engineering Technologist;
Candidate Certificated Engineer; or
Candidate Engineering Technician.
Graduate Attributes: To register an individual need to provide evidence that he/she is

proficient to operate as a professional. To determine the level of proficiency ECSA make
use of a set of 10 graduate attributes. Once an individual can proof that he/she is proficient
in these attributes then he/she can apply and a panel of ECSA members will then assess
them against these attributes. Being successful the candidate will then be registered in the
profession for a period of 5 years after which registration must be renewed. Certain
conditions apply to be reregistered, one of which is evidence of continuous development
(learning)
Graduate attributes vary from one profession of registration to the other in as far as the
depth of criteria. For example a technician must be able to resolve well defined problems
whilst a technologist must be able to resolve broadly defined problems meaning the
technologist must be able work at a much greater depth applying his/her knowledge and
skills and take more decisions on his/her own to complete a project.
It is important to note that during your studies you will be developed, intermediate
assessed and then subjected to a compliance assessment assessed against these same
attributes to obtain your qualification. You cannot obtain credits (pass) for a module if
you do not comply with the attributes assessed in the module.
Document E-02-PT
Graduate Attribute 1: Problem solving

Apply engineering principles to systematically diagnose and solve broadly-defined
engineering
problems
Level Descriptor: Broadly-Defined engineering problems:
a. require coherent and detailed engineering knowledge underpinning the technology
area;
and one or more of the characteristics:
b. are ill-posed, or under or over specified, requiring identification and interpretation into
the technology area;
c. encompass systems within complex engineering systems;
d. belong to families of problems which are solved in well-accepted but innovative ways;
and one or more of the characteristics:
e. can be solved by structured analysis techniques;
f. may be partially outside standards and codes; must provide justification to operate
outside;
g. require information from practice area and source interfacing with the practice area
that is incomplete;
h. involves a variety of issues which may impose conflicting needs and constraints;
technical, engineering and interested or affected parties.
Graduate Attribute 2: Application of scientific and engineering knowledge

Apply knowledge of mathematics, natural science and engineering sciences to defined and
applied
engineering procedures, processes, systems and methodologies to solve broadly-defined
engineering problems.
Range Statement: See section 6.2.
Graduate Attribute 3: Engineering Design

Perform procedural and non-procedural design of broadly defined components, systems,
works,
products or processes to meet desired needs normally within applicable standards, codes
of
practice and legislation.
Range Statement: Design problems used in assessment must conform to the definition of
broadly-defined engineering problems.
1. A major design project must be used to provide a body of evidence that demonstrates
this
outcome.
2. The project would be typical of that which the graduate would participate in a typical
employment situation shortly after graduation.
3. The selection of components, systems, engineering works, products or processes to be
designed is dependent on the sub-discipline.
4. A major design project should include one or more of the following impacts: social,
economic, legal, health, safety, and environmental.
Graduate Attribute 4: Investigations, experiments and data analysis

Conduct investigations of broadly-defined problems through locating, searching and
selecting
relevant data from codes, data bases and literature, designing and conducting
experiments,
analysing and interpreting results to provide valid conclusions.
Range Statement: The balance of investigation and experiment should be appropriate to
the
discipline. An investigation or experimental study should be typical of those in which the
graduate
would participate in an employment situation shortly after graduation.
Note: An investigation differs from a design in that the objective is to produce knowledge
and
understanding of a phenomenon.
Graduate Attribute 5: Engineering methods, skills, tools, including

Information
Technology
Use appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering tools, including
information technology,
prediction and modelling, for the solution of broadly-defined engineering problems, with an
understanding
of the limitations, restrictions, premises, assumptions and constraints.
Range Statement: A range of methods, skills and tools appropriate to the sub-discipline of
the
program including:
1. Sub-discipline-specific tools, processes or procedures.
2. Computer packages for computation, modelling, simulation, and information handling;
3. Computers and networks and information infra-structures for accessing, processing,
managing, and storing information to enhance personal productivity and teamwork;
4. Techniques from economics, management, and health, safety and environmental
protection.
Graduate Attribute 6: Professional and Technical Communication

Communicate effectively, both orally and in writing, with engineering audiences and the
affected
parties.
Range Statement: Material to be communicated is in an academic or simulated
professional
context.
1. Audiences range from engineering peers, related engineering personnel and lay
persons.
Appropriate academic or professional discourse is used.
2. Written reports range from short (300-1000 words plus tables and diagrams) to long (10
000
to 15 000 words plus tables, diagrams and appendices), covering material at exit level.
3. Methods of providing information include the conventional methods of the discipline, for
example engineering drawings, as well as subject-specific methods.
Graduate Attribute 7: Sustainability and Impact of Engineering Activity

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the impact of engineering activity on the
society,
economy, industrial and physical environment, and address issues by analysis and
evaluation.
Range Statement: The combination of social, workplace (industrial) and physical
environmental
factors must be appropriate to the sub-discipline of the qualification. Evidence may include
case
studies typical of the technological practice situations in which the graduate is likely to
participate.
Issues and impacts to be addressed:
1. Are generally within, but may be partially outside of standards and code of practice
2. Involve several groups of stakeholders with differing and conflicting needs.
3. Have consequences that are locally important but may extend more widely.
4. May be part of, or a system within a wider engineering system.
Graduate Attribute 8: Individual, Team and Multidisciplinary Working

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of engineering management principles and
apply
these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team and to manage projects.
Range Statement:
1. The ability to manage a project should be demonstrated in the form of the project
indicated
in attribute 3.
2. Tasks are discipline specific and within the technical competence of the graduate.
3. Projects could include: laboratories, business plans, design, etc.;
4. Management principles include:
4.1 Planning: set objectives, select strategies, implement strategies and review
achievement;
4.2 Organising: set operational model, identify and assign tasks, identify inputs, delegate
responsibility and authority;
4.3 Leading: give directions, set example, communicate, motivate;
4.4 Controlling: monitor performance, check against standards, identify variations and
take remedial action.
Graduate Attribute 9: Independent Learning

Engage in independent and life-long learning through well-developed learning skills.
Range Statement: The learning context is varying and unfamiliar. Some information is
drawn from
the technological literature.
Graduate Attribute 10: Engineering Professionalism

Comprehend and apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics,
responsibilities and
norms of engineering technology practice.
Range Statement: Evidence includes case studies typical of engineering practice
situations in
which the graduate is likely to participate.
The information listed above are provided by ECSA. More information as well as
registration documents are available from ECSA’s website https://www.ecsa.co.za/
GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES
The following graduate attributes are fundamentally developed (f), intermediate
assessed (xi) or formally assessed (xA) for compliance in this module
Electronic Circuits 1B [ELCELB1]
Year: 2018
Comply Assessor
GA 1 GA 2 Signature and
Do not comply
Date
Student Surname and Initials: _________________________
Student Number: ___________________________________

How is this GA assessed? This GA is assessed as a case study you have to do and then prepare a 3-page document citing 5 reputable
sources submitted not later than the day writing the second test Although failure to comply to this GA will not result in failure of the
module this GA assessment must be seen as preparation for the advanced GA 7 assessment.
What is satisfactory compliance? You will comply if you have all the 6 topics in the rubric as headings in your document. If you
write at least a paragraph below each of the 6 headings using proper English and facts. If you cite at least 5 references throughout the
document (in text as well as a reference list)
What is the consequences of noncompliance? It is compulsory to attempt and submit this GA. Failure will result in your year
mark being capped at 35%. This GA assessment however does not count towards your academic marks neither is it compulsory to
comply although it is compulsory to submit. For self-development purposes students that do not comply with this GA will be given
another 2 opportunities to comply.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Complies Do not comply
(E&SIA)
This rubric assesses GA7 (for assessor to complete)
Outcomes for E&SIA Mark with X Mark with X
This is an environmentally sound idea/design/proposal/project/study
The idea/design/proposal/project/study was structured/modified in terms of feasible

proposals to reduce the environmental and social impact
The student identified the best practicable environmental and social option
The student predicts the significant adverse effects of possible proposals
The student was able to identify measures to avoid, reduce/offset major impacts on
the environment/society
The idea/design/proposal/project/study results in environmental and social gains

and benefits for the environment as well as community involved
Student: With this I certify that this is my own work and free of plagiarism: Signature
________________________________
WELCOME, SUBJECT AIM AND INTRODUCTION

Welcome to the wonderful world of electronics. The purpose of this guide is to provide you
with information that will make your life easier as you take this course. It provides you with
information about the course structure and syllabus and gives you a lecture time table to
guide you so that you can read ahead. It is very important for each learner to take time to
study this course guide as it will prove to be very useful.
How to use this learner guide

Use this guide to give you an overall picture of the course. The learner guide also provides
you with an infrastructure of the course. It describes what the course outcomes are and how
all assessments are conducted. This guide is the foundation document for this course and
must be adhered to by both the candidate and the facilitator.
Welcome
I would like to welcome you to Electronic Circuits 1B. You should find this course
interesting and challenging.
Relation of this subject to other subjects and courses.

Electronic Circuits 1B builds on your prior knowledge of semiconductors and circuit theory.
This course lays the foundation for the subject Electronic Circuits B1.
Contact Information
The course lecturer is Mr HP van der Walt. You can find me in room 5201 (Glass Window
Box) on the fifth floor of the John Orr building on the Doornfontein campus. You can also
phone me at 011 559 6120. My e-mail address is [email protected]. Feel free to communicate
with me via any of these routes.
Consultation
I shall be available for consultation following the lecture session on ___day_____, FROM
__:__ TO __:__( Will be discussed in class.)
Other Contact Information

If you need to deliver something to me in person, do so during the allocated lecture periods.
Study material
Most but not all of the material to be covered during this course can be found in the
prescribed textbook.
Self-Study
At tertiary level education the student will be expected to be able to perform self-study and
research on certain topics as requested by the lecturer. These topics will be evaluated in the
tests and exam.
Resources
The library and internet are two important resources that you may and should use.
Laboratory (Studio) facilities

Labs will be done in studio C
Lecture Times and Venues

_____Monday Period 6 and :7 __:__ – __:__ –– Studio A
_____Wednesday : Period 6 and :7 __:__ – __:__– Studio A –
_____Thursday : Period 4 and :4 __:__ – __:__ – Studio C
PURPOSE OF THE QUALIFICATION

This qualification is primarily industry oriented. The knowledge emphasises general principles and
application or technology transfer. The qualification provides students with a sound knowledge base in a
particular field or discipline and the ability to apply their knowledge and skills to particular career or
professional contexts, while equipping them to undertake more specialised and intensive learning.
Programmes leading to this qualification tend to have a strong professional or career focus and holders of this
qualification are normally prepared to enter a specific niche in the labour market.
Specifically the purpose of educational programmes designed to meet this qualification are to build the
necessary knowledge, understanding, abilities and skills required for further learning towards becoming a
competent practicing engineering technologist or certificated engineer. This qualification provides:
1. Preparation for careers in engineering itself and areas that potentially benefit from
engineering skills, for achieving technological proficiency and to make a contribution to the economy and
national development;
2. The educational base required for registration as a Professional Engineering Technologist and/or
Certificated Engineer with ECSA. (refer to qualification rules)
3. Entry to NQF level 8 programmes e.g. Honours, Post Graduate Diploma and B Eng Programmes and then
to proceed to Masters Programmes.
4. For certificated engineers, this provides the education base for achieving proficiency in mining / factory
plant and marine operations and occupational health and safety.
Engineering students completing this qualification will demonstrate competence in all the Graduate
Attributes contained in this standard.
Technologist
Professional Engineering Technologists are characterized by the ability to apply established and newly
developed engineering technology to solve broadly- defined problems, develop components, systems,
services and processes. They provide leadership in the application of technology in safety, health,
engineering and commercially effective operations and have well-developed interpersonal skills.
They work independently and responsibly, applying judgement to decisions arising in the
application of technology and health and safety considerations to problems and associated risks. Professional
Engineering Technologists have a specialized understanding of engineering sciences underlying a deep
knowledge of specific technologies together with financial, commercial, legal, social and economic, health,
safety and environmental matters.
PURPOSE OF THIS SUBJECT
Module Objectives
Have a pretty good understanding about the diodes, transistors, amplifiers etc
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this subject are to enable the learner to:
• Understand the basic concepts and terminology involved in basic electronic technology.
• Understand basic atomic and semiconductor theory.
 Use the theoretical knowledge gained to understand the operation of various electronic components.
• Perform a dc analysis on various electronic circuits, which make use of the components discussed.
• Perform an ac analysis on various electronic circuits, which make use of the components discussed.
• Perform practical experiments, which demonstrate the reality of the theoretical work.
• Understand how the laboratory equipment works and how to use it.
Portfolio:
Please make a portfolio of evidence of all the tests and practical and burn
it on a CD and submit it at the end of the semester with your lab
assessment sheet. On the CD write your surname, initial and student
number and Lab List Number with a permanent marker pen.
Module Outcomes Assessment
SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES There will be 2 tests. Each of 90 minutes duration
and 50 Marks..
DIODE APPLICATIONS
Practical will be given as we progress during the
course. You are required to do all the practical. You
BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS
will be required to pass with a minimum mark of
DC BIASING—BJTS (i.e get 50%) in all the practical.
There will be written exam of 3 hrs duration.

BJT TRANSISTOR MODELING
Further details are given below.
FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
Knowledge Areas Weight
Engineering sciences, 14 credits

Electronics,
This course is part of the complete electronics syllabus. The purpose of this course is:
 Design, analyses, combine and assemble various electronic circuits like rectifiers,
protection circuits using diodes and transistor circuits
 Investigate and evaluate different means of non-destructive testing of
components and circuits
 Derive and prepare various solutions to electrical engineering problems by
means of applying fundamental theory
 Work safely with electricity by applying safety precautions
 Examine and analyses the functioning and construction of electronic circuits
 Select, distinguish and explain the function of the different types of electrical
components
 Technologic and scientific reasoning when applying rules of logic to solve
problems
 Collect and retrieve information from books, Internet and other data storage and
retrieval facilities
Pre-Requisites
None
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
The Institutional Policy on RPL applies. See the Head of Department for credits
Main contents of this course

The objectives of this subject are to enable the learner to:
 Understand the basic concepts and terminology involved in basic electronic technology.
 Understand basic atomic and semiconductor theory.
 Use the theoretical knowledge gained to understand the operation of various electronic
components.
 Perform a dc analysis on various electronic circuits, which make use of the components
discussed.
 Perform an ac analysis on various electronic circuits, which make use of the components
discussed.
 Perform practical experiments, which demonstrate the reality of the theoretical work.
 Understand how the laboratory equipment works and how to use it.
Student Guide Lines:
You must obtain a minimum average of 40% for your theory tests and/ or assignments),
and a minimum average of 50% for your practical work and /or projects in order to gain
entry into the exams.
There will be only two class tests and you must make sure that you write both of them.
If there is a medical reason for missing a test, a doctor’s note dated with the test date,
supplied by a doctor registered by the South African Medical and Dental Council stating
the medical reason for being unable to attend the test, must be submitted to the lecturer
as soon as possible. Mail your medical certificate to the following [email protected] for
attention to your subject lecturer, within the first 48 hours after the doctor declares you
sick.
Only learners that missed one of the class tests with a valid Doctors note will be allowed
to write compulsory sick test (on the first Monday morning after Test 2, from 07H00 to
08H30).
Tutors and Tutor Assistants
The University makes use of tutoring as a method to accomplish subject

outcomes especially for the larger class groups. Tutoring has several
advantages, for example:
 Students learn more and demonstrate mastery when they are able to
comprehensively teach a subject. Vice versa, when a student is struggling,
having someone who is on the same age level as them helps to create bridges
in the learning gaps.
 A tutor/demi can form examples and relate to a student on an entirely different
level than an experienced educator
 Motivation and encouragement.
 Tutors do not provide answers but rather assist the student in finding answers.
 Maintain discipline in the lecturing and laboratory venues while the facilitator
concentrates on the transfer of knowledge
 Assist with marking of assessments so the subject facilitator can concentrate on
problem areas
 Ensure that students work safely with equipment and instruments in, for
example a laboratory
Please note that Tutors/Demi’s are there to guide you and not to do your work.
Tutors and Demi’s are appointed by the university as part time staff with
privileges and rights as determined by the University applicable to part time
staff. An example is that a Tutor/Demi may prohibit you from entering a
laboratory should you not be well prepared or he/she may ask you to leave the
venue should you misbehave.
This subject makes use of xxxx Tutors/Demi’s that are appointed for the
duration of the semester. Tutors/Demi’s will assist in the following areas:
 Classroom discipline
 Individual student assistance during lectures
 Marking of short assessments, class tests, main tests as well as laboratory
experiments and reports.
 Laboratory assistance regarding discipline, safe working, assessment of actual
experiments, guidance and report marking.
 Tutorial lectures is scheduled for (xxxxxxx list a period or more per week for the
tutor to lecture a tutorial)
 Assistance with ‘open laboratories’ (for students that fall behind during
laboratories)
Deadlines for projects and assignments are strictly enforced. Work handed in late will
penalized.
I hour late: 10% deducted from the mark earned by the student
1 day late: 20% deducted from the mark earned by the student
2 or more days late 15% deducted from the mark earned by the student for each day’s
delay
NB: Any practical which was not presented to the lecturer will be marked zero
If you are late for class, you will not be allowed to disrupt the lecture in progress. The
lecturer may allow you to enter the class during a break in lecturing. If you are habitually
late, the lecturer will ask you to provide a written explanation to the Faculty Committee.
Please note that you are required to abide by the general rules and regulations of the
University as indicated in the General Prospectus, and also the rules and regulations as
indicated in the Faculty Prospectus.
Rules about absenteeism and sick notes

1. Should you be sick for an assessment, you will be evaluated/ tested on the 3rd day after the
medical practitioner had declared you healthy enough to return. (This allows 2 days to study
for the evaluation). You are required to report to your lecturer with your sick note within
these two days (48 hours) to arrange a time and venue for the assessment.
2. If you do not hand in the sick note to your lecturer within 48 hours from the date that you are
declared healthy, then you will be marked as absent from the assessment.
3. All laboratories are compulsory. Should you be absent from more than one laboratory you
are required to produce a valid medical certificate from a medical practitioner or health
professional.
4. All letters from medical practitioners or health professionals must be official sick notes
[Where you are declared unable to fulfil your normal duties/studies for a specific period
of time] and not letters that simply states a visit to the professional.
5. There is no ‘make-up’ test for this subject.
6. Deadlines as indicated are not negotiable
In order to qualify to write the final examination, you must comply with the
following prerequisites:
7. Obtain a minimum average semester mark of 40% by means of a formula. (See formula under
the heading semester mark)
8. Obtain a minimum average laboratory mark of more than 50%. (Learner must attend all
compulsory laboratory sessions)
9. All requested assignments and reports must handed in on or before due dates.
INSTRUCTIONS
l. You as the learner must prepare your own lab on paper and breadboard well in advance.
2. You should be able to give a valid explanation of the design and remember that labs will
only be evaluated inside the laboratory.
3. With each lab a full report must be handed in during the following laboratory period.(except
with prior permission from your lecturer not to do so)
4. Marking will be done only on the mark sheet provided. This mark sheet must
accompany every lab, and must be carried by you to every lab that you attend.
5. No mark sheet means non-marking of your lab.
6. Each report and assignment must have the prescribed front page.
7. Make 11 copies of the front page and complete one front page for each laboratory experiment
report.
8. Staple laboratory report only in the top left corner. If the report is not stapled, the lecturer
will not accept it.
9. Write down your laboratory list and bench number in the top right corner of the front page.
10. The lecturer will keep all reports. Learners must make copies before handing in these reports.
11. A penalty of 25% per working day after due date will be applied to late laboratory reports
and assignments.
12. No further extensions will be granted. No doctor’s notes will be accepted as motivation for
further extension.
13. Only original laboratory and assignment must be submitted.
14. Every learner must have his/her own components, leads, multimeter and tools.
Learners who choose to ignore this instruction will be suspended from all future
laboratories.
15. Learners may only work in-group of two when current and
voltage measurements are needed in the experiment.
16. Learners that fail labs but obtain at least 40% for the labs may qualify to write the exam if
they build an extra assignment and that assignment is working and handed in by the deadline.
17. Learners that have a year mark below 40% but at least 37% and have already passed labs
may still qualify to write the exam by building an extra assignment. If it is functionally and
is handed in by the deadline, the learner will be given 3% bonus on their year mark.
18. Any other learner wishing to improve their year mark that has already passed labs may also
build the assignment to earn an extra 3% on their year mark.
19. There will be NO gifts or mercy. If you want extra points, you must do the extra
assignment or fail.
20. At the end of the semester your mark sheet will be used to determine your final lab mark.
21 No food or beverages will be allowed in the laboratory. Learners who choose to ignore this
instruction will be suspended from all future laboratories.
INSTRUCTIONS
l. You as the learner must prepare your own lab on paper and breadboard well in advance.
2. You should be able to give a valid explanation of the design and remember that labs will
only be evaluated inside the laboratory.
3. With each lab a full report must be handed in during the following laboratory period.(except
with prior permission from your lecturer not to do so)
4. Marking will be done only on the mark sheet provided. This mark sheet must
accompany every lab, and must be carried by you to every lab that you attend.
5. No mark sheet means non-marking of your lab.
6. Each report and assignment must have the prescribed front page.
7. Make ____ copies of the front page and complete one front page for each laboratory
experiment report.
8. Staple laboratory report only in the top left corner. If the report is not stapled, the lecturer
will not accept it.
9. Write down your laboratory list and bench number in the top right corner of the front page.
10. The lecturer will keep all reports. Learners must make copies before handing in these reports.
11. A penalty of 25% per working day after due date will be applied to late laboratory reports
and assignments.
12. No further extensions will be granted. No doctor’s notes will be accepted as motivation for
further extension.
13. Only original laboratory and assignment must be submitted.
14. Every learner must have his/her own components, leads, multi-meter and tools.
Learners who choose to ignore this instruction will be suspended from all future
laboratories.
15. Learners may only work in-group of two when current and voltage measurements are
needed in the experiment.
16. Learners that fail labs but obtain at least 40% for the labs may qualify to write the exam if
they build an extra assignment and that assignment is working and handed in by the deadline.
17. Learners that have a year mark below 40% but at least 37% and have already passed labs
may still qualify to write the exam by building an extra assignment. If it is functionally and
is handed in by the deadline, the learner will be given 3% on their year mark. The assignment
can also be part of a TEST/S question, if you pass the assignment question/s then you will
be able to get your 3% to get a minimum year mark of 40% .
18. Any other learner wishing to improve their year mark that has already passed labs may also
build the assignment to earn an extra 3% on their year mark.
19. There will be NO gifts or mercy. If you want extra points, you must do the extra
assignment or fail.
20. At the end of the semester your mark sheet will be used to determine your final lab mark.
21 No food or beverages will be allowed in the laboratory. Learners who choose to ignore this
instruction will be suspended from all future laboratories.
GUIDELINES:
l. Consultations: Appointments can be made after theory periods.
Consultations only on an appointment. No appointment means no
consultation.
2. Absolute silence in class while lectures are in progress
3. Learners will attend all the lectures and laboratory/experiments sessions.
4. Learners will write all the class tests and hand any assignments on the
required dates, learners not handing in assignments (this can include lab
reports etc.), will be penalised.
5. No late arrival of learners to lectures or labs will be tolerated. If a learner
arrives more than 5 minutes late for a lecture, he or she must not even
attempt to join the class until a break is given, to avoid disturbing the
lecturer and the learners. Your co-operation will be appreciated.
LABORATORY WORK MARK SHEET

LABORATORY FINAL DATE WEIGHT MARK
EXPERIMENT: NUMBER
1 Preparation (on paper and breadboard) 20%
2 Presentation 1%
3 Objective 1%
4 Diagram 1%
5 Apparatus 1%
6 Procedure / Method 6%
7 Results calculated and measured 20%
8 Does the circuit operates properly 2%
9 Discussion (Fact Format) 20%
10 Conclusion (Short summary, Fact Format) 20%
11 Problem / error handling / fault finding 8%
TOTAL: 100%
MINUTES LABORATORY x FRACTION

l TO 40 LABORATORY MARK x 1
40 TO 50 LABORATORY MARK x 0.8
REPORTS
After completed an experiment, a laboratory report must be compiled and handed in during the
following laboratory period.
The following points must be covered in the report:

 Experiment number
 Learner number/s
 Initial/s and surname/s
 Preparation (Remember that your preparation is the first part of your final report)
 Presentation
 Object
 Diagram
 Apparatus
 Procedure / method
 Results: calculated and measured / graphs if necessary
 Does the circuit operates properly
 Discussion (explain what does the results mean)
 Conclusion (Short summary)
 Problem solving /Problem handling /fault finding
SEMESTER MARK
The semester mark is calculated as follows:
SM = [(Test 1 + Test 2/2 )x 0,7] + (Lab Mark x 0.3)

Exam entrance if:
1. Semester mark = 40% and
2. Lab mark => 50%
The semester mark counts 40% of your final mark for the subject.
Please remember that it is the responsibility of the learner to check and verify his/her semester
mark at the end of the semester on ULINK or in class. Learners who choose to ignore this
instruction will not be able to change his/her semester mark after the examinations.
TEST DATES
VENUE AND TIME TO BE ANNOUCED
TEST WEEK 1: As Scheduled by Faculty 26 Aug 2019 08:00 to 09:45
TEST WEEK 2: As Scheduled by Faculty 14 Oct 20198 08:00 to 09:45
SICK TEST First Monday after Test 2

Venue Room ________ TIME 07:00 to 08:30
DUE DATES
Assignments: Two working days before Test 2
A penalty of 25% per working day after due date will be
applied.
NB NB NB Lab reports next lab period.

LEARNERS WITHOUT THE FOLLOWING WILL NOT BE ADMITTED
IN THE LABORATORY:
LEADS (ONE SET PER STUDENT)
 2 BNC TO BANANA LEADS

 1 BNC TO BNC LEAD
 3 BANANA TO BANANA LEADS
 2 RED CROCODILE CLIPS
 2 BLACK CROCODILE CLIPS
 50 CONNECTOR WIRES 1mm THICK 150 mm LONG
INSTRUMENTS
1 MULTIMETER (AC/DC VOLTS, CURRENT AND YOU MUST BE ABLE TO
MEASURE RESISTANCE)
COMPONENTS
1 BREAD BOARD
DIODES
6 LED (2 RED 2 GREEN 2 YELLOW)
6 DIODES 1N4001/2/3/4/5/6/7CAPACITORS
2 x 100 F (30 TO 50 V RATING)

2 x 10 F (30 TO 50 V RATING)
TRANSISTORS
2 x BC107 OR EQUIVALENT
RESISTORS
3 x 150  ¼ WATT
3 x 220  ¼ WATT
3 x 390  ¼ WATT
3 x 1000  ¼ WATT
3 x 4700  ¼ WATT
3 x 8200  ¼ WATT
3 x 18000  ¼ WATT
3 x 330  ½ WATT
3 x 560  ½ WATT
2 x 5000  POTENTIOMETER
Refer to your study guide for the other components.
POCKET CALCULATORS
In accordance with University of Johannesburg regulations E11 and E15 and Faculty
regulations E278, E380 and E604 the following instruction concerning the use of pocket
calculators will appear on all the question papers of this subject: -
Type 1 calculator
Rule: E380 2.4.2.2.

E604 1.6.3B
E278.4.1.2
NO ALPHA - NUMERICAL CALCULATORS ALLOWED

Candidates may not be in possession of any alpha - numerical (programmable) calculator
during examinations and tests. The following standard calculators are prescribed under this
rule: -
 Casio FX 82
 Sharp EL 506,531 and 556.
Any candidate in possession of a calculator other than the above must obtain written approval
from the Head of the School. This approval must be available during tests and examination.
ASSESSMENT DETAILS
Assessment practice
Assessment practices will be based on the following principles.
(a) Assessment will:

(i) be culturally appropriate and reflect cultural standards as far as possible
(ii) be valid and reliable;
(iii) parallel academic level;
(iv) ensure load is congruent with level;
(v) match the discipline and mode of study;
(vi) reflect content and learning outcomes and skills required.
(b) Students will be informed of:

(i) assessment tasks for each unit;
(ii) assessment criteria for each assessment item;
(iii) moderation procedures for fair and equitable marking;
(iv) process for review of assessment tasks and processes;
(v) adequate and appropriate learning opportunities;
(vi grades for assessment tasks and a final aggregate grade.
Types of assessments
(a) Diagnostic: conducted at the beginning of a course or unit to determine the level of an
applicant’s/student’s knowledge and skills to assist a student to determine an appropriate
learning pathway or to assist the lecturer to adapt teaching accordingly. (Optional and
mainly for students that discontinued their studies for a period of time)
(b) Formative: conducted to provide a student with feedback on performance but does not
contribute to the aggregate mark.
(c) Summative: carried out to provide students, lecturers and employers with evidence of the
extent to which a student has achieved the intended learning outcomes.
(d) Criterion-referenced: assessment of student performance against specified criteria related to
the learning outcomes.
(e) Norm-referenced: assesses students against other students, awarding grades against a bell-
curve distribution.
Course and unit assessment

(a) Lecturers will provide to their students a learner guide that deals with assessment issues and
assessment criteria for each unit.
(b) Students with a disability are encouraged to negotiate with their lecturer to ensure
assessment processes take account of their disability. Lecturers will design appropriate
assessments in response to information a student provides. (Refer to Disability Policy.)
(c) Assessment, including examinations, may be open, restricted or closed as specified in the
Course Information Booklet and learner guide. It is the responsibility of the student to be
available for the assessment on the date specified unless there are extenuating
circumstances.
(d) Any electronic devices capable of circumventing the objectives of assessment or disrupting
other students will not be permitted during an assessment activity.
(e) A student may be granted supplementary assessment on:
(i) Academic grounds if, in the opinion of the University, there is a reasonable expectation that
a student who has received a conditional pass or fail could achieve a pass in the unit/course
through supplementary assessment;
(ii) Application if the student believes that his/her performance was/will be impaired
significantly by extenuating circumstances.
(f) Group work can be assessed:
(i) Individually for each group member,
(ii) Collectively for the group or
(iii)By a weighted mark comprising both a whole group and an individual component.
(g) Where examinations are held, invigilators will be directed by the appropriate Course
Coordinators and will ensure that the instructions to students are adhered to.
(h) Where examinations are held, the examination period will extend for not more than three
weeks at the end of each semester. It is the responsibility of students to ensure that they are
available to take examinations during this period. The dates and locations of examinations
will be communicated to registered students via their preferred method of contact
notification.
Moderation of assessment tasks and examinations

Although all assignments, evaluations and examinations are subjected to formal moderation as
required by the HEQC, the student is allowed (at a fee determined by the university) to apply
for a remark or moderation of any examination or assignment. Remember that where
moderation or remark of a paper causes a change in marks the new mark (higher, unchanged or
lower) will be final.
Practical laboratory assessment

Compulsory practical sessions will be carried out under the supervision of a skilled facilitator.
Marks allocated for these practical sessions will count towards your semester mark.
Laboratory assessments are assessed according to the LABORATORY ASSESSMENT

MARK SHEET [See end of study guide for example]. A minimum mark of 50% is required
for the practical work in order to obtain examination entrance. For noncompliance your year
mark will be capped at 35%
ASSESSMENT MARK CALCULATION

Semester mark
The semester mark is calculated as follows:
In ideal conditions where all subject outcomes are achieved the semester mark (SM)
= [Test 1 x 0,35 + Test 2 x 0,35 + Practical’s/Assignment(s) x 0,3]. If a situation exists
where students are not achieving the exit level outcomes or where the subject exit
outcomes are not likely to be met, the assessor responsible for the subject may (on
his/her discretions) schedule or assign any additional test(s) laboratories or
assignment(s). All of these will add up to 100%.
A minimum mark of 50% is required for the practical work to obtain examination
entrance.
Please Note: On top of passing the module outcomes you also have to comply with
the Graduate Attributes for this module. Compliance does not mean passing it
means you must be able to proof that you can do it.
TEST DATES
TEST WEEK 1: As Scheduled by faculty Q/K Building G207 29 Aug 2019 08:00 to 09:45
TEST WEEK 2: As Scheduled by faculty Q/K Building G207 14 Oct 2019 08:00 to 09:45
Final mark
The semester mark counts 40% of your final mark for the subject.
An examination at the end of each semester will count 60% towards your final mark.
A minimum mark of 50% is required for the practical/assignment work to obtain
examination entrance.
A Minimum of COMPLIANCE is required for the Graduate Attributes (if/where
applicable)
Results of year, semester and examination marks
Year/semester marks will be published on the departmental notice boards for five days
during the second last week of the academic semester, It is your responsibility to make
sure that a valid and correct year/semester mark was allocated to you. Failure to do this will
result in that your exam mark will be cancelled if no valid year mark was captured before
the day of the subject’s final assessment (examination).
Examination results
Examination results can be obtained via the following methods.

1. MTN. Phone 083 123 5555 and register with your student and ID number.
2. UJ website. Visit the UJ website at http://www.uj.ac.za/ , go to current students,
student portal and register using your UJ student number.
3. Post Office. UJ will automatically post your results to you, but only if you have a
valid postal address and you keep your postal address up to date (on the registration
form every semester that you register). This method is not preferred as a delay in
postal deliveries might cause you to miss a supplementary exam that was granted.
Supplementary examinations will only be awarded if you qualify for such an exam/
assessment (see faculty rules) and you have applied in time for such an exam or assessment.
DETAILED SUBJECT SYLLABUS
SYLLABUS FOR ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS 1B.

Total Duration 15 weeks (±60 periods)
Self-Study
At tertiary level education the student will be expected to be able to perform self-study and
research on certain topics as requested by the lecturer. These topics will be evaluated in the
tests and exam.
1. SEMICONDUCTOR THEORY Self-Study 8 periods

Chapters 1 of prescribed text book
11 SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Ideal Diode 1
1.3 Semiconductor Materials 3
1.4 Energy Levels 6
1.5 Extrinsic Materials—n- and p-Type 7
1.6 Semiconductor Diode 10
1.7 Resistance Levels 17
1.8 Diode Equivalent Circuits 24
1.9 Diode Specification Sheets 27
1.10 Transition and Diffusion Capacitance 31
1.11 Reverse Recovery Time 32
1.12 Semiconductor Diode Notation 32
1.13 Diode Testing 33
1.14 Zener Diodes 35
1.15 Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 38
1.16 Diode Arrays—Integrated Circuits 42
1.17 PSpice Windows 43
2. Diode Applications Duration 12 periods

Chapters 1 and 2 of prescribed text book
2.1 Introduction 51
2.2 Load-Line Analysis 52
2.3 Diode Approximations 57
2.4 Series Diode Configurations with DC Inputs 59
2.5 Parallel and Series-Parallel Configurations 64
2.6 AND/OR Gates 67
2.7 Sinusoidal Inputs; Half-Wave Rectification 69
2.8 Full-Wave Rectification 72
2.9 Clippers 76
2.10 Clampers 83
2.11 Zener Diodes 87
2.12 Voltage-Multiplier Circuits 94
2.13. OTHER TWO TERMINAL DEVICES. Duration 1 period
Chapter 2 of prescribed text book
2.13.1 Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). Basic definition of a NEMANTIC liquid, operation
and applications.
2.13.2 Solar Cells. Basic construction and operation. Applications.
3 BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR. Duration 8 periods
3.1 Introduction 112

3.2 Transistor Construction 113
3.3 Transistor Operation 113
3.4 Common-Base Configuration 115
3.5 Transistor Amplifying Action 119
3.6 Common-Emitter Configuration 120
3.7 Common-Collector Configuration 127
3.8 Limits of Operation 128
3.9 Transistor Specification Sheet 130
3.10 Transistor Testing 134
3.11 Transistor Casing and Terminal Identification 136
4. DC BIASING BJTs Duration 14 periods

Chapter 4 of prescribed book

4.2 Operating Point 144
4.3 Fixed-Bias Circuit 146
4.4 Emitter-Stabilized Bias Circuit 153
4.5 Voltage-Divider Bias 157
4.6 DC Bias with Voltage Feedback 165
4.7 Miscellaneous Bias Configurations 168
4.8 Design Operations 174
4.9 Transistor Switching Networks 180
4.10 Troubleshooting Techniques 185
4.11 PNP Transistors 188
4.12 Bias Stabilization 190
5. FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS. Duration 4 periods


5.2 Construction and Characteristics of JFETs 212
5.3 Transfer Characteristics 219
5.4 Specification Sheets (JFETs) 223
5.5 Instrumentation 226
5.6 Important Relationships 227
5.7 Depletion-Type MOSFET 228
5.8 Enhancement-Type MOSFET 234
5.9 MOSFET Handling 242
5.10 VMOS 243
5.11 CMOS 244
5.12 Summary Table 246
6 FET BIASING 253


6.2 Fixed-Bias Configuration 254
6.3 Self-Bias Configuration 258
6.4 Voltage-Divider Biasing 264
6.5 Depletion-Type MOSFETs 270
6.6 Enhancement-Type MOSFETs 274
6.8 Combination Networks 282
6.9 Design 285
6.10 Troubleshooting 287
6.11 P-Channel FETs 288
6.12 Universal JFET Bias Curve 291
7 BJT TRANSISTOR BIASING 305


7.2 Amplification in the AC Domain 305
7.3 BJT Transistor Modeling 306
7.4 The Important Parameters: Zi, Zo, Av, Ai 308
7.5 The re Transistor Model 314
7.6 The Hybrid Equivalent Model 321
7.7 Graphical Determination of the h-parameters 327
7.8 Variations of Transistor Parameters 331
8 BJT SMALL-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 338


8.3 Common-Emitter Fixed-Bias Configuration 338
8.3 Voltage-Divider Bias 342
8.4 CE Emitter-Bias Configuration 345
8.3 Emitter-Follower Configuration 352
8.6 Common-Base Configuration 358
8.7 Collector Feedback Configuration 360
8.8 Collector DC Feedback Configuration 366
8.9 Approximate Hybrid Equivalent Circuit 369
8.10 Complete Hybrid Equivalent Model 375
9 FET SMALL-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 401


9.2 FET Small-Signal Model 402
9.3 JFET Fixed-Bias Configuration 410
9.4 JFET Self-Bias Configuration 412
9.5 JFET Voltage-Divider Configuration 418
9.6 JFET Source-Follower (Common-Drain) Configuration 419
9.7 JFET Common-Gate Configuration 422
9.8 Depletion-Type MOSFETs 426
9.9 Enhancement-Type MOSFETs 428
9.10 E-MOSFET Drain-Feedback Configuration 429
9.11 E-MOSFET Voltage-Divider Configuration 432
9.12 Designing FET Amplifier Networks 433
10 BJT AND JFET FREQUENCY RESPONSE 493


10.2 Logarithms 493
10.3 Decibels 497
10.4 General Frequency Considerations 500
10.5 Low-Frequency Analysis—Bode Plot 503
10.6 Low-Frequency Response—BJT Amplifier 508
10.7 Low-Frequency Response—FET Amplifier 516
101.8 Miller Effect Capacitance 520
10.9 High-Frequency Response—BJT Amplifier 523
10.10 High-Frequency Response—FET Amplifier 530
10.11 Multistage Frequency Effects 534
10.12 Square-Wave Testing 536
11 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 609


11.2 Differential and Common-Mode Operation 611
11.3 Op-Amp Basics 615
11.4 Practical Op-Amp Circuits 619
11.5 Op-Amp Specifications—DC Offset Parameters 625
11.6 Op-Amp Specifications—Frequency Parameters 628
11.7 Op-Amp Unit Specifications 632
12 THE OSCILLOSCOPE. Duration 4 periods (Can be done during

first 2 weeks
NOTES
12.1 Use of the oscilloscope to measure dc and ac voltage levels.

12.2 Use of the oscilloscope to measure frequency.
13. USE OF TEST INSTRUMENTS.

Duration To be done throughout laboratory sessions
13.1 The Ohm meter scale set-up procedure.

13.2 The Ohm meter used for testing continuity.
13.3 The Ohm Meter used for the testing of and identification of anode and cathode in
diodes.
13.4 The Ohm meter used for the testing of transistors.
13.5 The Ohm meter used for identification of NPN and PNP type transistors.
13.6 The use of ac and dc voltmeters.
13.7 The use of ac and dc ampere meters.
13.8 The use of the function generator.
Revision 6 periods are left for revision of work covered above.
The time duration's indicated above can also be seen as a percentage of the total time
available since holidays and unforeseen circumstances, which may lead to the
cancellation of periods, cannot be predicted.
Additional Resources
See Student Survival Guide for academic support, counselling and library times and
usage.
Conduct and ethics
These will be negotiated and completed in the class. Statements will cover the
following issues:
o Attendance
o Use of the Library
o Confidentiality
o Assignments requirements
o Late assignment
o Punctuality
o Absenteeism from assessments
o Practical rules
o Class Rules
Tutors and Tutor Assistants
The university makes use of tutoring as a method to accomplish subject outcomes

especially for the larger class groups. Tutoring has several advantages, for example:
• Students learn more and demonstrate mastery when they are able to
comprehensively teach a subject. Vice versa, when a student is struggling, having
someone who is on the same age level as them helps to create bridges in the
learning gaps.
• A tutor/demi can form examples and relate to a student on an entirely different
level than an experienced educator
• Motivation and encouragement.
• Tutors do not provide answers but rather assist the student in finding answers.
• Maintain discipline in the lecturing and laboratory venues while the facilitator
concentrates on the transfer of knowledge
• Assist with marking of assessments so the subject facilitator can concentrate on
problem areas
• Ensure that students work safely with equipment and instruments in, for
example a laboratory
Please note that Tutors/Demi’s are there to guide you and not to do your work.
Tutors and Demi’s are appointed by the university as part time staff with privileges
and rights as determined by the University applicable to part time staff. An example
is that a Tutor/Demi may prohibit you from entering a laboratory should you not be
well prepared or he/she may ask you to leave the venue should you misbehave.
This subject does not normally make use of Tutors/Demi’s. However should they be
appointed they will assist in the following areas:
• Classroom discipline
• Individual student assistance during lectures
• Marking of short assessments, class tests, main tests as well as laboratory
experiments and reports.
• Laboratory assistance regarding discipline, safe working, assessment of actual
experiments, guidance and report marking.
• Tutorial lectures
• Assistance with ‘open laboratories’ (for students that fall behind during
laboratories)
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS FOR ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
Laboratory rules
These form a very important part of the syllabus, without which exam entrance will not be given.
1. A proper practical laboratory report must be completed for experiments as indicated by your
laboratory assessor.
2. Lab reports are due one week after the particular lab has been done. (This will be on the
morning/ afternoon when you start with the next laboratory.)
3. Lab reports will be marked according to the mark schedule shown below:
4. Safe working. Do not switch on/ connect circuitry to 220V unless instructed to do so.
5. A laboratory assessment sheet is attached as a final page to this document

Fill in your name, number
Sign the mark sheet
DO NOT use any correction fluid (“Tip Ex “) on this sheet as this will void the sheet.
[This is to prevent somebody else from illegally capturing your mark sheet and change
the names.
6. Prior to a LAB session, you have to present a preparation sheet to your lecturer as to ensure
that you understand the work and have prepared yourself for the LAB session. Student’s will
not be allowed to do a specific lab, should the instructor or lecturer consider the student
being poorly prepared for the particular lab, for example not doing preparation or not
having the necessary components or leads etc. (Also see the other rules that applies to
laboratories)
7. The experiments, which are attached to this learner guide, have time limits, this is to ensure
that students don’t leave experiments till the end of the semester, but rather helps students to
plan their work. If you exceed these time limits by one day, 25% will be deducted from your
mark. If you exceeds the time limit by 2 days = 50% will be deducted or if you exceeds it by
3 days =100% will be deducted. Laboratory sessions are compulsory and a valid sick note is
required if you missed more than one laboratory. [See Rules about absenteeism and sick
notes]
8. No group work allowed unless it is a group formative assessment. Each

student must prepare, construct, write the reports and test his/her own
circuit.
9. Laboratory marks are NOT transferable from one semester to the next. If you fail a subject,
you have to redo the entire practical.
10. The subject assessor determines the number of laboratories and assessments required meeting
minimum outcome requirements but these laboratories will never be less than four.
NOTE: PREPARE ALL LABORATORIES ON BREADBOARD BEFORE
ATTENDING A SPECIFIC LABORATORY.
LABORATORY HINTS AND EXPERIMENTS FOR ELECTRONICS ELCELB1.
Breadboard
You are now ready to build your first circuit. We will be using breadboard to build our circuits.
Breadboard is a board with many holes in it. Components and wire are inserted into the holes
so that a connection can be made between them.
This is what a breadboard looks like.
Holes connect Power rail

horizontally
Holes connect Gutter - no

vertically connection
Your instructor will now demonstrate how the breadboard works - you will find it a very useful
tool in designing and building your circuits.
What else do you need to successfully build your circuits? You need connecting wire
(approximately 1mm in diameter), a cutter or “skinning” tool and the components you are
going to use.
Skinning your connecting wires
What does skinning mean? Your connecting wires consists of an insulating outside layer,
usually made from plastic, and an inner conductor, usually made from copper. To skin your
connecting wires is to remove some of the insulation at the end of wire, so that a section of the
conductor in the centre will protrude - you will now be able to insert them into your
breadboard. The following diagram illustrates a skinned wire.
Insulation Insulation removed
Conductor
3 - 4mm
Experiment 1
Objective:
To build a simple circuit so that the learner can be familiarised with the breadboard,
components and connecting wires. A light emitting diode is used to indicate to the learner that
the constructed circuit is working successfully.
Circuit diagram
Power Supply
220 LED(symbol)
5V
Nothing must be connected here
Apparatus
5V battery or power supply that can provide 5V

A light emitting diode (LED)
220 1/4 watt resistor.
Connecting wires
A breadboard
Appropriate connecting leads
Procedure
The LED (light emitting diode) and power supply have not yet been dealt with, but the aim of
this exercise is not to know how an LED and power supply work - these will be done in later
chapters. The point however is that you must be able to construct the circuit correctly. Your
instructor will help you to identify the correct components to be used.
Make sure that all connecting wires are skinned properly so as to insert them into the
breadboard.
Construct the circuit as per circuit diagram, make sure that all components are inserted
correctly into the breadboard. You will notice that the LED has a long and short leg. Insert the
LED as shown in the diagram. Also make sure that the voltage source (battery) is inserted into
the power rail of the breadboard - it is always good practice to insert your voltage source in this
way.
Switch on your power supply only once your circuit has been constructed properly and
the instructor has checked it.
Results
What do you notice about your circuit. If the LED does not glow, then your circuit has not been
constructed properly. Ask your instructor for assistance if necessary.
Experiment 2
Objective
To test Ohm’s law on a circuit, that the learner will construct, by using an analogue and digital
voltmeter. To understand the operation of an analogue and digital voltmeter.
Circuit
V1
R = 150
V2
E = 5V
Apparatus
5V battery or power supply that can provide 5V

Connecting wires
A breadboard
Analogue and digital voltmeter.
Procedure
 Calculate the current and hence the voltage across the resistor using Ohms’s law.
 Construct the circuit on breadboard as per circuit diagram. Let voltmeter 1 (V1) be a digital
voltmeter and voltmeter 2 (V2) be an analogue voltmeter. Remember to only switch on the
power supply once the circuit has been constructed.
 If you are sure your circuit is constructed properly, then you can switch on the power
supply. Always make sure that your power supply is set to 0V initially and then you can
slowly adjust your power supply, until it reaches 5V. Use the analogue meter to confirm
that your voltage is 5V.
 You must now write down the voltage reading of the digital voltmeter - this is the volt drop
across the resistor. Does it confirm what you have calculated using Ohm’s law?
Results
Theoretical calculation of current in circuit________________________________________
Theoretical calculation of volt drop across resistor__________________________________
Reading of voltmeter 1 (digital voltmeter)_________________________________________
Practical 1
Objective
1. To plot the VI characteristics of a diode.

2. To determine the change in resistance of the diode as the applied voltage is changed.
3. To determine the V-I characteristics if the diode in the reverse direction.(graph paper)
Circuit Diagram Wiring diagram
1N4001/2/..7
V 390
Power 5V
supply
A
Apparatus
DC power supply
1N4001/2/3/4/../7 diode
Connecting wires
A breadboard
An appropriate ammeter and voltmeter.
Procedure
 Test the diode and resistors.

 Construct the circuit on breadboard as per circuit diagram.
Remember to only switch on the power supply once the circuit has been constructed.
 Now vary the input voltage in steps of 0,5V steps, starting at 0,5V up to 5V.
For each voltage step take readings for the voltage across the diode (VD) and the current
(ID) through the diode. See example below.
VIN VD(V) ID(mA)
0.5 0.48 0.04

1 0.6 1
l.5
2
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Results
 Plot a graph of ID versus VD. Must be done on graph paper. A computer readout is also
acceptable.
 Determine from the graph a value for d.c. and a.c. resistance.
 Show the points plotted on the graph and also show the necessary calculations.
Discussion
 What did you notice about the volt drop across the diode once the knee voltage has been
reached.
 At what value, according to your graph, is the knee voltage?
 What happens to ID once the knee voltage has been reached.
 What would the knee voltage of an “ideal” diode be?
Diode in the reverse bias condition

 Switch the power supply off, and turn the diode around so that it is reverse biased.
 Vary the power supply voltage so that the reverse bias voltage across the diode varies in
steps of 1V, starting from 1V and ending at 10V. Tabulate your results as before in
columns.
 If current is measured, explain why this is so.
Experiment 3
Objective
To observe the operation of an LED (light emitting diode)
Circuit
330
5K
Apparatus
330 1/2 watt resistor
5K potentiometer
One L.E.D
Breadboard
DC power supply
Appropriate measuring instruments as shown in diagram.
Method
 Test all components before connecting the circuit.
 Construct the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram. The power supply must be off while
constructing the circuit.
 Ensure that the power supply voltage control is set to a minimum. Switch ON the power
supply, and set the voltage to 10V.
 With the 5K pot set to zero ohms, measure the current flowing in the circuit as well as the
potential across the diode. Tabulate these results.
 Vary the 5K pot until it reaches maximum resistance, and observe the brightness of the
L.E.D.
Does the L.E.D brightness vary.
 With the 5K pot set at maximum resistance, again measure the current flowing in the
circuit as well as the potential across the diode. Tabulate these results.
Results
 From both sets of measurements, calculate the power dissipated by the L.E.D.
 Does the diode forward voltage vary a lot?
 Does the forward current vary much?
 Why is the 330 resistor necessary in the circuit.
Conclusion
Draw and explain a circuit of your own choice (be creative), in which an L.E.D. would be used.
Experiment 4
Objective
To measure and interpret a voltage signal, originating from a signal generator, with an
oscilloscope. To confirm results using a digital voltmeter.
Diagram of equipment to be used

Apparatus
Signal generator
Oscilloscope
Appropriate connecting lead (BNC to BNC or BANANA to BNC)
A digital voltmeter.
Procedure
 Calibrate the oscilloscope.
 Adjust the amplitude and frequency controls on the signal generator to be a minimum.
 Connect the equipment as shown in the diagram.
 Set the oscilloscope to have the settings as shown in the diagram.
 Switch on the oscilloscope and the signal generator.
 Ensure that the intensity, focus and illumination controls are adjusted correctly.
 Adjust the amplitude control and frequency control to that shown in the diagram.
 Do you get a successful display on your oscilloscope? Draw the waveform on the graticule
in the results section. If you have any problems ask your instructor to help you.
 Calculate the RMS value of this signal.
 Switch off the oscilloscope and signal generator and disconnect them from one another.
 Switch on the signal generator again and then measure the output with the voltmeter set to
ac.
 Change the voltmeter setting now to dc and take a measurement again.
Results
Draw the signal on the graticule below as it appears on the oscilloscope display.
Reading of voltmeter (set to ac) :___________________________

Reading of voltmeter (set to dc) :___________________________
What do you observe and conclude from this experiment?
Experiment 5
Objective
To measure and interpret voltage signals from a description of the required signal, originating
from a signal generator, with an oscilloscope. To set the oscilloscope amplitude settings and
time-base settings to successfully view the required signal on the graticule.;
Diagram of equipment to be used
Same as that in experiment 5.
Apparatus
Signal generator and Oscilloscope
Appropriate connecting lead (BNC to BNC or BANANA to BNC)
A digital voltmeter.
Procedure
 Connect the equipment as shown in the diagram.
 Switch on the oscilloscope and the signal generator.
 Ensure that the intensity, focus and illumination controls are adjusted correctly.
 You are now required to produce the following sinusoidal voltage signals from the signal
generator and to display them on the oscilloscope: (use your own discretion as to the
voltage and time base setting of the oscilloscope - if you have difficulties consult your
instructor)
1. 4Vp-p 2000Hz dc offset: 0V
2. 3Vpeak 10000Hz dc offset: 0V
3. 8Vp-p 5000Hz dc offset: 2V
Confirm the above signals each time with your instructor.
Results
Draw the signals on the graticules below as they appear on the oscilloscope display.
(REMEMBER TO DRAW THE WAVEFORM, SHOW THE
AMPLITUDE, LABEL THE DIAGRAM, AND SHOW THE TIME)
(SALT)
1.voltage\div_____ time base_____ 2. voltage\div_____ time base_____
3. voltage\div_____ timebase_____ 4. voltage\div_____ timebase_____

What do you observe
and conclude from this experiment?
With experiment 4 and 5 the signal generator was under a no load condition. This means no
circuitry was connected to the signal generator. It would be appropriate now to construct a
simple circuit and then measure the voltage signals as they appear in the circuit.
Experiment 6
Objective
To measure and interpret voltage signals in a circuit with both channels of the oscilloscope.
Circuit Diagram
common to channel 1
and channel 2 channel 1 channel 2
R1 R2
1000 1000
6Vpeak at 1000Hz
from signal generator
Apparatus
Two 1000 1/4 watt resistors
Breadboard
Connecting wire
2 oscilloscope probes or equivalent connecting leads
Signal generator
Oscilloscope
Appropriate connecting lead (BNC to BNC or BANANA to BNC) for signal generator.
Procedure
 Construct the circuit equipment as shown in the diagram.
 Connect the various points on the circuit to the oscilloscope - just remember that channel1
and channel 2 have a common ground or screen connection.
 Switch the vertical mode switch to channel 2.
 Switch on the signal generator and oscilloscope.
 Adjust the signal on the signal generator to be 6 volts peak at 1000Hz - use the oscilloscope
to verify that the signal is in fact 6Vpeak at 1000Hz (use channel 2 as already connected)
 From the voltage divider rule we can see that the voltage is distributed equally amongst the
resistors, since they are equal, this means that the signal as measured by channel 1 should
be half the amplitude of the signal as measured by channel 2.
 Switch the vertical mode switch to alternate and verify the above statement.
 Draw the waveforms as seen on the oscilloscope graticule in the result section.
Results
Draw the signal on the graticule below as it appears on the oscilloscope display.
(REMEMBER SALT)
Volt/div :______________ time-base :_______________
Experiment 7
Objective
To illustrate a diode’s ability to protect a circuit using the bridge configuration.
Circuit Diagram
Wiring diagram
The resistor is the load in this circuit, although it could be replaced by a radio.
Apparatus
Breadboard
Connecting wire
DC Power supply
220 resistor
4  1N4001/2/3/4/5/6/7 diode (can be 1N4001 or 1N4002 etc.)
Voltmeter with appropriate leads
Procedure
 Ensure that the dc power supply is switched off and that it is set to a minimum.
 Construct the circuit as shown by the circuit diagram and the wiring diagram.
 Switch on the power supply.
 Adjust the power supply voltage to 5V (measure this with a voltmeter)
 Take voltage readings across the resistor.
 Write your results in the results section of this experiment.
 Switch off the power supply.
 Reverse the power supply connections.
 Switch on the power supply and take a voltage reading across the resistor.
Results: voltage readings

Voltage readings: ______________________________________________________
Voltage readings when the power supply polarity is reversed: ___________________
Are both set of readings positive? _________________________________________
Measure and draw the voltage across the load resistor with the oscilloscope.
Practical 2
Objective
To construct and test a half - wave rectifier circuit.
Circuit Diagram
18 : 1
220Vrms 12Vrms RL
50Hz 50Hz
Wiring diagram
Apparatus
Breadboard
Connecting wire
Transformer (18:1) - this can be replaced by a signal generator. Should a signal generator be used
then the signal should be 15V peak at 100Hz.
4700 resistor
Oscilloscope
Oscilloscope probe
Procedure
 Ensure that there is no power supplied to the circuit yet.
 Channel 1 of the oscilloscope is connected across the resistor and channel 2 is connected
across the supply (transformer or signal generator) - IF YOU ONLY HAVE ONE
OSCILLOSCOPE PROBE THEN FIRST CONNECT THE PROBE ACROSS THE
SUPPLY.
 Switch on the power supply to the transformer.
 Draw the waveform, appearing on the oscilloscope display, of the transformer secondary on
the graticule which can be found in the results section.
 Confirm that the peak values of the waveform are in fact correct by applying the formula Vp
= Vrms  1.414 or Vp = Vrms/0,7071.
 Connect the oscilloscope channel across the resistor and then draw the waveform, that can
be viewed, on the graticule provided in the results section.
 Confirm that the peak values of the waveform are correct, if you consider that the diode has
a voltdrop of 0,7V.
 Calculate the rms voltage that appears across the load by using the formula Vrms = Vp/2
 Calculate the average (dc) voltage that appears across the load by using the formula
 Vdc = 0,318 Vp and confirm this result by taking a voltage reading with your multimeter
set on dc.
 Connect the oscilloscope channel across the diode and then draw the waveform, that can be
viewed, on the graticule provided in the results section.
 What is the peak inverse voltage the diode is experiencing in the circuit under test.
Results:
Voltage waveform of transformer secondary Voltage waveform across the resistor
Waveform across the diode
Calculated peak voltage at transformer secondary: ___________________

Does this confirm with your results: _______________________________
Calculated peak voltage across resistor: ____________________________
Does this confirm with your results: _______________________________
Peak inverse voltage of diode? ____________________________________
Practical 3
Objective
To construct and test a bridge - rectifier circuit.
Circuit diagram
18 : 1
6V rms
220V rms
50Hz
4700F
Wiring diagram
Apparatus
Breadboard
Connecting wire
Transformer (18:1) or signal generator. Should a signal generator be used then the signal should
be 15V peak at 100Hz.
4700 1/4 watt resistor
Oscilloscope
Oscilloscope probe
Procedure

 Connect channel 1 of the oscilloscope across the transformer primary or signal generator,
whichever is being used.
 Switch on the power supply to the transformer/signal generator.
 Measure the peak value of the transformer secondary/signal generator and write this value in
the space provided in the results section.
 Disconnect channel 1 from the transformer secondary/signal generator and connect it across
the load resistor as shown below.
 Ensure that both half cycles of the input voltage to the rectifier are rectified: you should get
a signal that looks like this -
 Measure the peak value of the voltage waveform, using the oscilloscope (ensure that the
oscilloscope is set to dc), appearing across the resistor and write this value in the space
provided in the results section.
 Compare the peak value of the voltage appearing across the transformer secondary/signal
generator to the peak value of the voltage appearing across the resistor - write your
observation in the results section
 Draw the waveform, appearing on the oscilloscope display, of the voltage waveform
appearing across the resistor, on the graticule which can be found in the results section.
 What is the rms voltage across the resistor? Use the formula Vrms = Vpeak  0,7071. Write
your answer in the results section.
 What is the dc voltage across the resistor? Use the formula Vdc = Vpeak  0,636. Write your
answer in the results section.
 Confirm the above result by measuring the dc value with a voltmeter set on dc - write this
value in the results section.
 What is the frequency of the voltage waveform across the resistor? Write your answer in the
space provided in the results section.
 What is the peak inverse voltage that any diode is experiencing in the circuit under test? This
you can measure by connecting your oscilloscope probe (channel 1) across any diode.
Results:
Peak voltage measured across transformer secondary: ___________________
Peak voltage measured across the resistor: ____________________________
Difference in the above two peak values? _____________________________
Why is there this difference in the two peak values?
Voltage waveform across the resistor
Calculated rms voltage across resistor: _________________________________

Calculated dc voltage across resistor: __________________________________
Measured dc voltage across resistor: ___________________________________
Frequency of the resistor voltage waveform: _____________________________
Peak inverse voltage of any diode: _____________________________________
Practical 4
Objective
To construct and test a voltage-divider transistor amplifier.
Circuit Diagram
Vcc = 18V
18k R1 1K
Rc
C2
C1
10F
10F O u tp u t
v in
v o lta g e
8 ,2 k  R2 560 Re Ce
100F
Apparatus
Breadboard
Connecting wire
100F or 150F capacitor (30-50V rating)
BC107 or equivalent transistor.
Resistors as shown in the circuit diagram (use 1/4 W)
Voltmeter
Oscilloscope and Oscilloscope probe
Procedure
 First construct the circuit enclosed in the dashed lines as shown by the circuit diagram. (all
the other components will be inserted later).
 Switch on the power supply.
 Measure the dc voltages of the following: VBE; VBC; VCE (write these results in the space
provided in the results section).
 Confirm that the transistor has been biased properly.
 Switch off the power supply.
 Add all the other components which is outside the dashed line as shown in the circuit diagram.
 Connect the signal generator to the input and ensure that the amplitude setting is on a
minimum..
 Ensure that the oscilloscope is calibrated.
 Switch ON the power supply and signal generator.
 Measure the input voltage with channel 1 of the oscilloscope.
 The input voltage waveform (sinusoidal) must not be greater than 0,1Vp-p. Write this value
in the results section.
 Measure the output voltage waveform with channel 1 of the oscilloscope. Write this value in
the results section.
 Determine the voltage gain (voltage gain = output voltage/ input voltage). Write this value in
the results section.
 For an audio effect a speaker can be inserted at the input first and then at the output. Notice
the difference in volume.
What do you observe and conclude from this experiment.

Oscilloscope Set Up Procedure
 Calibrate the oscilloscope and get the white line in the centre.
 Adjust the amplitude and frequency controls on the signal generator to a
medium setting.
 Connect function generator to oscilloscope and switch on the oscilloscope
and the signal generator.
 Ensure that the intensity, focus and illumination controls are adjusted
correctly.
 Adjust the amplitude control and frequency control to obtain a (any)
waveform on the oscilloscopes screen.
 Do a proper setup as follows
1. Switch the oscilloscope between DC and AC and adjust the DC

OFFSET on the signal generator until there is no DC offset (signal does
not bounce up and down when switching between DC and AC.)
2. Find the period of the signal (Example: 1000 HZ = 1000 S) and divide
it by 10 DIV. Set the T/D dial to (1000 S / 10 DIV = 100 S / DIV)
3. Take the signals p-p voltage and divide by 8 DIV. Set the V/D dial to
this setting. (Example: 8V p-p / 8 DIV = 1 V / DIV)
4. Fill the screen with one complete cycle by adjusting the frequency and
amplitude controls on the signal generator (See picture).
5. If a DC offset is required, switch the oscilloscope to

DC and adjust the DC offset control on the signal
generator to achieve the desired DC offset.
hrough all the controls and put them in these positions:

LABORATORY 1
Determine the true RMS voltage and the ripple factor across the load resistor of a full
wave rectifier circuit.
The supply voltage, to be obtained from a signal generator, is 4V peak at approximately
1000 Hz.
The diode can be of the 1N4001/2/3/4/5...x type and the load resistor must be 4,7K.
Please ensure that the signal generator signal has no DC component, this can be
adjusted by using the dc-offset control, otherwise the lab results will be inaccurate.
Make use of an oscilloscope to measure the above signal. It is always better to measure
the signal from the signal generator when it is connected to the appropriate circuit; this
overcomes any possible loading effects of the signal generator.
1. Measure the peak voltage across the load using an oscilloscope.

2. Calculate the true rms voltage from the measured voltage.
3. Calculate Vdc.
4. Calculate the ripple factor, using the measured and calculated voltages. (The
ripple factor should be approximately 121% for a half wave rectifier circuit.)
5. Repeat steps 1 and 2 but use a multi meter to measure the voltages.
6. What is the effect when a filter (capacitor) is connected to the rectifier circuit?
Try different size capacitors (0,01F, 0,1F and 1F) or place capacitors in
parallel with each other. What will happen if the load resistance is changed to
47k Ohm while a 0.01F capacitor is connected across it?
LABORATORY 2
Design and develop a Zener regulator to supply currents between 0 and 20 mA to a

variable load resistor (to be determined) at a voltage of 6,2V. Use a 1 W Zener diode.
Motivate why/why not this 1 W Zener is suitable or not.
The series resistor Rs must be able to handle the anticipated power in the resistor
and the power dissipated in the Zener may not exceed its own power rating. This means
CALCULATE and ACQUIRE a suitable resistor, which can handle the expected power.
A transistor may be used, but this is optional, to aid in current handling.
The input voltage to the regulator must vary between 10V min and 12V max. This must
be supplied from a DC power supply.
_____________________________________
The next few labs are a bit more complex as very little design information is given. You
as the student need to evaluate each and conduct proper library research as to make
each design work.
_____________________________________
LABORATORY 3
1. Design and develop a dual power supply regulator section using a LM317 and
LM337 regulator to supply currents between 0 and 1,5A to a variable load resistor at a
voltage of 2 to +12V.
Use protection diodes across the regulators. What is the function of these diodes?
2. Design and construct a single supply section (like below) and test your design
using the laboratory bench power supply
An example of a LM317 regulator is shown.
LABORATORY 4
A switch mode power supply circuit is versatile. It can be used to step down an
unregulated DC input voltage to produce a regulated DC output voltage using a circuit
known as Buck Converter or Step-Down SMPS. Design and test such a regulator.
Typical SMPS chip include but is not limited to LM 2574 or 2575 or 2576
For fast switching diodes you may use Schottky barriers like the 11DQ06 (1.1A@60V)
Toroidal Inductors at ±220uH 1000mA should be fine. (RS part number 7447 020)
You may construct your own toroidal inductor with 0.5 mm (24 AWG) enamel coated
wire. See calculator at http://www.lalena.com/audio/calculator/inductor/ . Ferrite or
powdered iron cores may be used but powdered core is better because it has a much
lower permeability than ferrite, and the DC flowing in the windings does not saturate
the core.
Inductance of a winding around a toroidal ring of core material with
relative permeability of μr with circular cross-section:
L = inductance in H
μ0 = permeability of free space = 4π × 10-7 H/m
μr = relative permeability of core material
N = number of turns
r = radius of coil winding in meters
D = overall diameter of toroid in meters
LABORATORY 5
ATECH ELECTRONICS has asked UJ students to design a CE amplifier with mid-band

frequency = 10k Hz, coupling capacitors C1 = C2 = 10uF and Ce = 100uF. A transistor
with minimum gain ß = 100 is to be used. Design this CE amplifier using a NPN
(2N3904 or eq) transistor where RL =? Ohm, Av min = 100, Zi = 3k Ohm, Zo = 5k Ohm,
AC output voltage swing = 3V p-p max and Vcc =? V.
[Other parameters you may use to get started are: VE = 1 volt, IC = 1mA, RE = 1k Ohm.
These parameters are only guidance and must be changed to suit the gain of your
specific transistor.]
HINT: A MANUFACTURER ONLY SPECIFIES THE TYPICAL VALUE OF hfe. YOU

MAY USE A MULTIMETER TO MEASURE hfe TO OBTAIN THE REAL hfe OF THE
TRANSISTOR YOU ARE USING.
1. Why is the measured hfe higher than the hfe stated in the data sheet?
2. Find values for the biasing resistors R1, R2 and RC using the above information.
3. Construct the circuit.
4. Measure DC voltages VB, VE and VC
5. Calculate IC=IE
6. Calculate re
7. With input signal = 10mV at F = 10 kHz, measure and record the load voltage.
What is the voltage gain with the load connected? Hint. Function generator
outputs are normally too high which means that Vo, which is gain x vin, will be a
saturated [square] wave form clipped at approximately Vcc level.
8. Determine Av and the load voltage theoretically
9. Explain if the design was successful? Indicate any possible factor(s) if results are
not fully satisfactory.
LABORATORY 6
Design a passive low pas filter (LPF) with Fo at 1 kHz. Use a 1 uF capacitor in your
design.
Display the output of the filter on an oscilloscope.
What is the phase shift at 1 kHz?
LABORATORY WEIGHT MARK LABORATORY WEIGHT MARK
EXPERIMENT: NUMBER EXPERIMENT: NUMBER

Preparation 10% Preparation 10%
1 1
Presentation 5% Presentation 5%
2 2
Objective 5% Objective 5%
3 3
Diagram 5% Diagram 5%
4 4
Apparatus 5% Apparatus 5%
5 5
Procedure / Method 5% Procedure / Method 5%
6 6
Results calculated and measured 25% Results calculated and measured 25%
7 7
Does the circuit operates properly 5% Does the circuit operates properly 5%
8 8
Discussion and Conclusion (what does results mean) 30% Discussion and Conclusion (what does results mean) 30%
9 9
Problem / error handling / fault finding 5% Problem / error handling / fault finding 5%
10 10
TOTAL: 100% TOTAL: 100%
LABORATORY WEIGHT MARK LABORATORY WEIGHT MARK

EXPERIMENT: NUMBER EXPERIMENT: NUMBER
1 Preparation 10% 1 Preparation 10%
2 Presentation 5% 2 Presentation 5%
3 Objective 5% 3 Objective 5%
4 Diagram 5% 4 Diagram 5%
5 Apparatus 5% 5 Apparatus 5%
6 Procedure / Method 5% 6 Procedure / Method 5%
7 Results calculated and measured 25% 7 Results calculated and measured 25%
8 Does the circuit operates properly 5% 8 Does the circuit operates properly 5%
9 Discussion and Conclusion (what does results mean) 30% 9 Discussion and Conclusion (what does results mean) 30%
10 Problem / error handling / fault finding 5% 10 Problem / error handling / fault finding 5%
TOTAL: 100% TOTAL: 100%
SUBJECT: ELECTRONICS II SUBJECT CODE EEL 2211
ASSESSOR SIGNATURE DATE MARKS
……………………………………………………………………. …………………….
LABORATORY LIST NUMBER
EXPERIMENT REPORT NUMBER
LABORATORY REPORT NUMBER
ASSIGNMENT NUMBER
LEARNER SURNAME
LEARNER INITIALS
LEARNER NUMBER
BENCH NUMBER ROOM /Studio C
2 0 1 3
DATE HANDED IN 5
I HEREBY SIGN THAT THIS IS MY OWN ORIGINAL

WORK
56
57
SUBJECT:ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS 1B SUBJECT CODE ELCELB1
Mark
LABORATORY LIST NUMBER
EXPERIMENT REPORT NUMBER
LABORATORY REPORT NUMBER
ASSIGNMENT NUMBER
LEARNER SURNAME
LEARNER INITIALS
LEARNER NUMBER
GROUP NUMBER
BENCH NUMBER ROOM 4408 / Studio C
2 0 1 8
DATE HANDED IN 5
I HEREBY SIGN THAT THIS IS MY OWN ORIGINAL

WORK
58
59
SUBJECT: ELECTRONIC I SUBJECT CODE ELCELB1
LABORATORY LIST BENCH NUMBER
NUMBER
LEARNER SURNAME LEARNER INITIALS
LEARNER NUMBER
GROUP NUMBER
LABORATORY WORK MARK SHEET
LABORATORY 1 FINAL DATE WEIGHT MARK
EXPERIMENT: NUMBER
1 Preparation 20%
2 Presentation 1%
3 Objective 1%
4 Diagram 1%
5 Apparatus 1%
9 Discussion and Conclusion (what does results mean) 40%
TOTAL: 100%

EXPERIMENT: NUMBER
1 Preparation 20%
2 Presentation 1%
3 Objective 1%
4 Diagram 1%
5 Apparatus 1%
TOTAL: 100%

EXPERIMENT: NUMBER
1 Preparation 20%
2 Presentation 1%
3 Objective 1%
4 Diagram 1%
5 Apparatus 1%
TOTAL: 100%

EXPERIMENT: NUMBER
1 Preparation 20%
2 Presentation 1%
3 Objective 1%
4 Diagram 1%
5 Apparatus 1%
TOTAL: 100%
60

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FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND THE BUILT

Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Technology

STUDY GUIDE FOR

QUALIFICATION: B-Eng Tech [B6ELECQ]

COMPILED BY: HP van der Walt

Latest Revision: v15 JUNE 2018 HP van der

Your lecturer Office

This textbook is also available as a hard copy from Test Craft.

1) Electronic Devices Floyd

Contact details : 011 559 6106

Lectures : 4 Periods/ week

Lecture Venues : Lecture Room: See Global Timetable

Practical Venue : Studio C or as determined by Global timetable

Duration of Course : 14 weeks, 14 credits, 3 hour exam

Consultation sessions : Will be discussed in class.

Types of registration. An individual may register in a number of categories.

(b) Candidate, which is divided into:

Graduate Attributes: To register an individual need to provide evidence that he/she is

Graduate Attribute 1: Problem solving

Graduate Attribute 2: Application of scientific and engineering knowledge

Graduate Attribute 3: Engineering Design

Graduate Attribute 4: Investigations, experiments and data analysis

Graduate Attribute 5: Engineering methods, skills, tools, including

Graduate Attribute 6: Professional and Technical Communication

Graduate Attribute 7: Sustainability and Impact of Engineering Activity

Graduate Attribute 8: Individual, Team and Multidisciplinary Working

Graduate Attribute 9: Independent Learning

Graduate Attribute 10: Engineering Professionalism

Electronic Circuits 1B [ELCELB1]

Student Surname and Initials: _________________________

Student Number: ___________________________________

This rubric assesses GA7 (for assessor to complete)

Outcomes for E&SIA Mark with X Mark with X

This is an environmentally sound idea/design/proposal/project/study

The idea/design/proposal/project/study was structured/modified in terms of feasible

The student predicts the significant adverse effects of possible proposals

The idea/design/proposal/project/study results in environmental and social gains

WELCOME, SUBJECT AIM AND INTRODUCTION

How to use this learner guide

Relation of this subject to other subjects and courses.

Other Contact Information

Laboratory (Studio) facilities

Lecture Times and Venues

PURPOSE OF THE QUALIFICATION

PURPOSE OF THIS SUBJECT

There will be written exam of 3 hrs duration.

Engineering sciences, 14 credits

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

Main contents of this course

Student Guide Lines:

Tutors and Tutor Assistants

The University makes use of tutoring as a method to accomplish subject

Rules about absenteeism and sick notes

LABORATORY WORK MARK SHEET

MINUTES LABORATORY x FRACTION

The following points must be covered in the report:

SM = [(Test 1 + Test 2/2 )x 0,7] + (Lab Mark x 0.3)

VENUE AND TIME TO BE ANNOUCED

TEST WEEK 1: As Scheduled by Faculty 26 Aug 2019 08:00 to 09:45

TEST WEEK 2: As Scheduled by Faculty 14 Oct 20198 08:00 to 09:45

SICK TEST First Monday after Test 2

NB NB NB Lab reports next lab period.

LEADS (ONE SET PER STUDENT)

 2 BNC TO BANANA LEADS

1.voltage\div___ time base_ 2. voltage\div_ time base___

3. voltage\div___ timebase_ 4. voltage\div_ timebase___