Surveying 1 1
Surveying 1 1
Surveying 1 1
Compass Survey: (a) Introduction to compass survey Definitions of Bearing. True bearing, True
meridian, Magnetic Meridian, Magnetic bearing – Arbitrary Meridian, R.B & B.B of lines –
Designation of bearing – W.C.B. & R.B. – Conversion of bearings – from one systems to the
other Related problems – Calculation of angles for bearings, Calculation of bearings for angles,
Related problems – Theory of Magnetic compass (i.e. Prismatic compass) – Magnetic dip-
Description of Prismatic compass. Temporary adjustments of compass-Magnetic Declination –
Local attraction-Related problems –Errors in compass survey.
(b) Traverse Surveying: Chain and compass traversing-Free or loose needle method – Fast
needle method-Checks in closed and open traverse-Plotting methods of traverse Survey-Closing
error-Balancing the traverse-Bowditch’s method-Transit method, gale’s Traverse table.
References:
1. Surveying By Dr. K.R. Arora, Standard Book House.
2. Surveying Vol. 1,2 and 3 – By Punmia, Standard Book House.
3. Surveying Vol. 1 and 2 – By S.K. Duggal, Tata Mc.Graw Hill Publishing Co.
4. Surveying: Theory & Practices by James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail