Maria Corazon "Cory" Cojuangco Aquino was a Filipina politician who served

as the 11thPresident of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office. She is
widely accredited as the "Mother of Asian Democracy". The first female president in the
Philippines, Aquino was the most prominent figure of the 1986 People Power Revolution,
which toppled the 21-year rule of President Ferdinand Marcos. She was
named Timemagazine's Woman of the Year in 1986. Prior to this, she had not held any
other elective office. She is the leader of the world's most successful non-violent and
bloodless peace revolution against a dictatorial regime.
A self-proclaimed "plain housewife", she was married to Senator Benigno Aquino
Jr., the staunchest critic of President Marcos. She emerged as leader of the opposition
after her husband was assassinated on August 21, 1983 upon returning to the Philippines
from exile in the United States. In late 1985, Marcos called for snap elections, and Aquino
ran for president with former senator Salvador Laurelas her Vice President. After
the elections were held on February 7, 1986, the Batasang Pambansa proclaimed
Marcos and his running mate, Arturo Tolentino, as the winners amid allegations
of electoral fraud, with Aquino calling for massive civil disobedience actions. Defections
from the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the support of the local Catholic
hierarchy led to the People Power Revolution that ousted Marcos and secured Aquino's
accession on February 25, 1986.

In 2008, Aquino was diagnosed with colorectal cancer and died on August 1, 2009.
Her monuments of peace and democracy were established in the capital Manila and her
home province of Tarlac after her death. Her son Benigno Aquino III was President of the
Philippines from June 30, 2010 to June 30, 2016. Throughout her life, Aquino was known
to be a devout Roman Catholic, and was fluent in French, Japanese, Spanish,
and English aside from her native Tagalog and Kapampangan.
 Fidel Ramos y Valdez; March 18, 1928), popularly known as FVR and Eddie, is
a retired Filipino general and politician who served as the 12th President of the
Philippines from 1992 to 1998. During his six years in office, Ramos was widely credited
and admired by many for revitalizing and renewing international confidence in
the Philippine economy. At age 90, he is currently the oldest living former Philippine
President.

Prior to his election as president, Ramos served in the cabinet of

President Corazón Aquino, first as chief-of-staff of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines (AFP), and later as Secretary of National Defense from 1986 to 1991. He was
the father of the Philippine Army's Special Forces and the Philippine National Police
Special Action Force.

During the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution, Ramos was hailed as a hero by
many Filipinos for his decision to break away from the administration of
President Ferdinand Marcos and pledge allegiance and loyalty to the newly established
government of President Aquino. Thirty years later, he however shifted to the side
of Rodrigo Duterte, who he persuaded to run for president against Aquino's ally, Mar
Roxas, and his nemesis, Miriam Defensor Santiago. Ramos also supported the Philippine
Drug War, which has killed more than 14,000 Filipinos in less than two years. Five months
under the Duterte regime, Ramos admitted that he made the wrong decision to campaign
for a Duterte presidency.
 Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada (real name José Marcelo Ejército Sr.; born
April 19, 1937) is a Filipino politician and former actor who served as the 13th President
of the Philippinesfrom 1998 to 2001 and as the 9th Vice President of the Philippines from
1992 to 1998. In 2001, he became the first president in Asia to be impeached from an
executive role. He has been Mayor of the City of Manila, the country's capital, since 2013.

Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over a hundred
films in an acting career spanning some three decades, and model, who was started as
a fashion and ramp model at the age of 13. He used his popularity as an actor to make
gains in politics, serving as Mayor of San Juan from 1969 to 1986, as Senator from 1987
to 1992, then as Vice-President under President Fidel V. Ramos from 1992 to 1998.

Estrada was elected President in 1998 with a wide margin of votes separating him
from the other challengers, and was sworn into the presidency on June 30, 1998. In 2000
he declared an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and captured its
headquarters and other camps. However, allegations of corruption spawned
an impeachment trial in the Senate, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted by "People Power
2" after the prosecution walked out of the impeachment court when the Senator-Judges
voted "no" in the opening of the second envelope.
 Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo (born April 5, 1947) is
a Filipino professor and politician who was the 14th President of the Philippines from
2001 until 2010, as the 10th Vice President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, as
the deputy speaker of the 17th Congress from 2016 to 2017, and a member of the House
of Representatives representing the 2nd District of Pampanga since 2010. She was the
country's second female president(after Corazon Aquino), and the daughter of former
President Diosdado Macapagal. Arroyo is also the first duly elected female Vice President
of the Philippines. She currently serve as Speaker of the House of Representatives of the
Philippines, making her the first woman to hold the position.

Arroyo was a former professor of economics at Ateneo de Manila University where

eventual President Benigno Aquino III was one of her students. She entered government
in 1987, serving as assistant secretary and undersecretary of the Department of Trade
and Industry upon the invitation of President Corazon Aquino. After serving as a senator
from 1992 to 1998, she was elected to the vice presidency under President Joseph
Estrada, despite having run on an opposing ticket.

On November 18, 2011, Arroyo was arrested following the filing of criminal charges
against her for electoral fraud. She was held at the Veterans Memorial Medical
Center in Quezon City under charges of electoral sabotagebut released on bail in July
2012. She was rearrested while in the hospital on charges of misuse of $8.8 million in
state lottery funds in October 2012. On July 19, 2016, she was acquitted by the Supreme
Court by a vote of 11-4. Also, the Supreme Court declared the DOJ's hold departure order
unconstitutional.
 Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" Cojuangco Aquino III (born February 8, 1960) is
a Filipinopolitician who served as the 15th President of the Philippines from 2010 until
2016.

Aquino is a fourth-generation politician and the chairman of the Liberal Party from
2010 to 2016. Born in Manila, Aquino finished his Bachelor of Arts (major in economics)
from Ateneo de Manila University in 1981 and joined his family in their exile in the United
Statesshortly thereafter. He returned to the Philippines in 1983 shortly after
the assassination of his father and held several positions working in the private sector. In
1998, he was elected to the House of Representatives as Representative of the 2nd
district of Tarlac province. He was subsequently re-elected to the House in 2001 and
2004. In 2007, having been barred from running for re-election to the House due to term
limits, he was elected to the Senate in the 14th Congress of the Philippines.

On September 9, 2009, shortly after the death of his mother, Aquino officially
announced he would be a candidate in the 2010 presidential election and on June 30,
2010, at the Quirino Grandstand in Rizal Park, Manila, Aquino was sworn into office as
the fifteenth President of the Philippines, succeeding Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, and
stepped down on June 30, 2016, succeeded by Rodrigo Duterte.

In 2013, Time named him one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World.
 Rodrigo Roa Duterte (Tagalog: [roˈdɾigo dʊˈtɛrtɛ]; born March 28, 1945), also
known as Digong and Rody, is a Filipino politician who is the 16th and current President
of the Philippines and the first from Mindanao, the southernmost major island group of
the country, to hold the office. He is chair of the ruling PDP–Laban party. Taking office at
71 years old in June 2016, Duterte is the oldest person to assume the Philippine
presidency; the record was previously held by Sergio Osmeña at the age of 65.

On May 9, 2016, Duterte won the Philippine presidential election with 39.01% of
the votes, defeating four other candidates, namely Mar Roxas of the Liberal
Party (23.4%), Senator Grace Poe (21.6%), former vice president Jejomar Binay of
the United Nationalist Alliance(12.9%), and the late Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago of
the People's Reform Party(3%). During his campaign, he promised to reduce crime by
killing tens of thousands of criminals. His domestic policy has focused on combating
the illegal drug trade by initiating the Philippine Drug War. According to the Philippine
National Police the death total passed 7,000 in January 2017, after which the police
stopped publishing data. Following criticism from United Nations human rights experts
that extrajudicial killings had increased since his election, Duterte threatened to withdraw
the Philippines from the UN and form a new organization with China and African
nations. He has declared his intention to pursue an "independent foreign policy", and
sought to distance the Philippines from the United States and European nations and
pursue closer ties with China and Russia.
 Presidents
of
the
Philippines

(Fifth Republic)

Submitted by

Kent Ace Hortelano

Submitted to

Mrs. Gerarda Mondero