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Globalization
Globalization
Terminologies
2. What are the similarities and differences between the galleon trade
centuries ago and the international or global trade in the contemporary
time? Has the galleon trade impacted the day to day lives of the Filipinos
today?
- Similarities – international trade between Spain, China and Philippines,
Galleon trade and Global trade as harbinger of globalization. Manila as center
of globalization, involvement of rich companies
- Differences – no personal interaction of the trader with its goods with another
trader. Faster than before, just a call away, policies can already be discussed
before the trading of goods.
- Yes, because it opened the country to global trade thus Filipinos and
establish connection with other countries and Filipinos today merit from
experiences, they got from the policies of the Galleon trade.
3. From the time the Philippines gained its independence after the World War
II, the nation has unceasingly faced enormous security issues. The Marawi
siege that claimed thousands of lives has once again displayed the
country’s vulnerability to both internal and external security challenge.
Trace where and when this security issue had taken its roots. Explain the
struggles that gave birth to this continuing conflict.
- They exploit our weak institutions, endemic corruption, bad governance, and
tattered values. Problems persist because, historically, we either evade
solutions that affect vested interests; or address symptoms rather than the
root causes. Good governance — national and local — and responsible
citizenship are essential to a “whole-of-nation” approach for lasting peace,
inclusive growth and sustainable development. A nation divided cannot win.
- We lack the patriotic fervor of other nations to solve persistent problems and
reinforce the elements of our national power. To survive, we need to change
our attitudes and behavior to what we should finally become — a diverse
society united in common purpose for a dynamic Philippines.\
the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age
structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is
larger than the non-working-age share of the population (14 and younger, and 65
and older)". In other words, it is “a boost in economic productivity that occurs
when there are growing numbers of people in the workforce relative to the
number of dependents.”
13. Why do some academics link global city with colonialism?
- This dual perspective of grounding in previous research and progressivity is
achieved through King’s close attention to language. The nexus of power and
domination that underlies concepts such as globalization and postcolonialism is
scrutinized in a self-reflexive academic style that goes back again and again to
reformulate key terms. By having a critical approach to the double-edged
connotations of monolithic grand narratives, King’s methodology and its
relevance in current literature lies in this flair for not taking any definition for
granted. Using the example of London, the idea of the global city is shown to
share historical links with colonial exploits. What is understood as a symbol of
progress, the supposedly modern city, was built on and fed through a structure of
unequal power relations with other cities. King therefore pays homage to the
Foucauldian sense of the discursive formulation of concepts.
13. Does the proportion of religious belief or atheism in a country determine its
peace? Explain your answer.
There are many other socio-economic characteristics that have more significant
explanatory power in understanding why conflict and peace occurs than religion does.
There are however some religious factors that are significantly related to peace.
Multivariate regression analysis reveals that there is a consistent relationship between
factors such as corruption, political terror, gender and economic inequality and political
instability which determine poor peace scores as measured by the Global Peace Index
(GPI). The research clearly indicates that these factors are globally more significant
determinants in driving violence and conflict in society than the presence of religious
belief. Nevertheless, there are two religious characteristics which are associated with
peace; restrictions on religious behaviour as well as hostilities towards religion.
Countries without a dominant religious group are, on average, more peaceful and have
less restrictions or social hostilities around religion than countries with a dominant
religious group. However, government type has much greater explanatory power than
religion in understanding differing levels of peace.
-It stands to reason that globalization with its associated liberalization policies resulted in
a massive increase in mobility of labour across borders as in the case of capital and technology.
Castles (1999) maintains that globalization tends to erode the sovereignty and autonomy of the
nation-state and that international migration is an integral part of globalization. Globalization has
made migration much easier through better communications, dissemination of information
through mass media and improved transport, among others. It is the increasing trade and
investment flows in many regions, which facilitated interest and awareness in migration.
“The recent expansion of the global communications network – telephone connections,
satellite dishes and video rental stores – has already had a profound effect on the
consciousness of the world’s less prosperous societies. Horizons have been
broadened, expectations raised and cultural differences diminished. The images
conveyed by such media may be largely false. Nevertheless, they convey a potent
message about the advantages experienced by people living in the developed states”.
(UNHCR, 1995)
Globalization forces have reinforced the movement of skilled workers who move with
FDI flows and multinational investments. Professional managers, highly skilled persons
and technicians are welcomed by many countries to attract foreign investment.
16. Is the heightened flow of people a unique feature of the current global era?
- People have been moving around the world long before the word immigration was
ever mentioned. It is safe to assume that necessity was the reason small populations
migrated to different places. Besides not caring much about racial issues unlike today,
national borders were unheard of so people move and intermarry regularly.
People today move for various reasons like work, leisure, tours, looking for a partner
like what western men do, shopping and many others. So YES, the current global era
with its many ways of traveling has created a heightened flow of people around the
world.
17. Compare the “brain drain” and “brain gain.” Are these comparable
processes? Do they affect different parts of the world differently? (5pts.)
19. Is it possible to synthesize notions of hybridity and diversity with the concept
of human security? Explain your answer.
- Hybridity is ‘a state of affairs in which liberal and illiberal norms, institutions, and
actors coexist’. the ‘hybrid peace’—is both a more accurate depiction of the complex
realities on the ground, and more legitimate than the liberal peace because it taps into
local agency and knowledge, thereby broadening the peace constituency and more
effectively capturing the dynamic and interactive processes involved.
20. How does globalization differ from colonialism?
References:
https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap100_q.pdf
https://www.manilatimes.net/2017/03/03/opinion/analysis/manila-galleon-trade-events-effects-
lessons/315101/
https://www.bworldonline.com/security-concerns/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2012/jun/07/earth-treaties-environmental-
agreements
https://www.un.org/counterterrorism/ctitf/en/un-global-counter-terrorism-strategy#plan
https://tlagovpol.weebly.com/how-does-global-governance-differ-from-world-government.html
https://blog.eftours.com/inspiration/education/what-is-global-citizenship