Serway 6 e Problems 32
Serway 6 e Problems 32
Figure P32.12
22. When the switch in Figure P32.17 is
closed, the current takes 3.00 ms to reach
98.0% of its final value. If R = 10.0 Ω, what
is the inductance?
Figure P32.17
Figure P32.25
33. On a clear day at a certain location, a 38. Assume that the magnitude of the
100-V/m vertical electric field exists near the magnetic field outside a sphere of radius R
Earth’s surface. At the same place, the is B = B0(R/r)2, where B0 is a constant.
Earth’s magnetic field has a magnitude of Determine the total energy stored in the
0.500 × 10–4 T. Compute the energy densities magnetic field outside the sphere and
of the two fields. evaluate your result for B0 = 5.00 × 10–5 T
and R = 6.00 × 106 m, values appropriate for
the Earth’s magnetic field.
Section 32.4 Mutual Inductance
44. A large coil of radius R1 and having
39. Two coils are close to each other. The N1 turns is coaxial with a small coil of
first coil carries a time-varying current radius R2 and having N2 turns. The centers
given by I(t) = (5.00 A) e–0.0250 t sin(377t). At t = of the coils are separated by a distance x
0.800 s, the emf measured across the second that is much larger than R1 and R2. What is
coil is –3.20 V. What is the mutual the mutual inductance of the coils?
inductance of the coils? Suggestion: John von Neumann proved that
the same answer must result from
40. Two coils, held in fixed positions, considering the flux through the first coil of
have a mutual inductance of 100 μH. What the magnetic field produced by the second
is the peak voltage in one when a coil, or from considering the flux through
sinusoidal current given by I(t) = (10.0 A) the second coil of the magnetic field
sin(1 000t) is in the other coil? produced by the first coil. In this problem it
is easy to calculate the flux through the
41. An emf of 96.0 mV is induced in the small coil, but it is difficult to calculate the
windings of a coil when the current in a flux through the large coil, because to do so
nearby coil is increasing at the rate of 1.20 you would have to know the magnetic field
A/s. What is the mutual inductance of the away from the axis.
two coils?
45. Two inductors having self-
42. On a printed circuit board, a inductances L1 and L2 are connected in
relatively long straight conductor and a parallel as shown in Figure P32.45a. The
conducting rectangular loop lie in the same mutual inductance between the two
plane, as shown in Figure P31.9. Taking h = inductors is M. Determine the equivalent
0.400 mm, w = 1.30 mm, and L = 2.70 mm, self-inductance Leq for the system (Figure
find their mutual inductance. P32.45b).
Figure P32.52
Figure P32.48
53. An LC circuit like that in Figure 32.16
49. A fixed inductance L = 1.05 μH is consists of a 3.30-H inductor and an 840-pF
used in series with a variable capacitor in capacitor, initially carrying a 105-μC
the tuning section of a radiotelephone on a charge. The switch is open for t < 0 and then
ship. What capacitance tunes the circuit to closed at t = 0. Compute the following
the signal from a transmitter broadcasting quantities at t = 2.00 ms: (a) the energy
at 6.30 MHz? stored in the capacitor; (b) the energy
stored in the inductor; (c) the total energy in
the circuit.
59. Review problem. This problem
Section 32.6 The RLC Circuit extends the reasoning of Section 26.4,
Problem 26.37, Example 30.6, and Section
54. In Figure 32.21, let R = 7.60 Ω, L = 32.3. (a) Consider a capacitor with vacuum
2.20 mH, and C = 1.80 μF. (a) Calculate the between its large, closely spaced, oppositely
frequency of the damped oscillation of the charged parallel plates. Show that the force
circuit. (b) What is the critical resistance? on one plate can be accounted for by
thinking of the electric field between the
55. Consider an LC circuit in which L = plates as exerting a “negative pressure”
500 mH and C = 0.100 μF. (a) What is the equal to the energy density of the electric
resonance frequency ω0? (b) If a resistance field. (b) Consider two infinite plane sheets
of 1.00 kΩ is introduced into this circuit, carrying electric currents in opposite
what is the frequency of the (damped) directions with equal linear current
oscillations? (c) What is the percent densities Js. Calculate the force per area
difference between the two frequencies? acting on one sheet due to the magnetic
field created by the other sheet. (c)
56. Show that Equation 32.28 in the text Calculate the net magnetic field between
is Kirchhoff’s loop rule as applied to the the sheets and the field outside of the
circuit in Figure 32.21. volume between them. (d) Calculate the
energy density in the magnetic field
57. The energy of an RLC circuit between the sheets. (e) Show that the force
decreases by 1.00% during each oscillation on one sheet can be accounted for by
when R = 2.00 Ω. If this resistance is thinking of the magnetic field between the
removed, the resulting LC circuit oscillates sheets as exerting a positive pressure equal
at a frequency of 1.00 kHz. Find the values to its energy density. This result for
of the inductance and the capacitance. magnetic pressure applies to all current
configurations, not just to sheets of current.
58. Electrical oscillations are initiated in
a series circuit containing a capacitance C, 60. Initially, the capacitor in a series LC
inductance L, and resistance R. (a) If R << circuit is charged. A switch is closed at t = 0,
4 L / C (weak damping), how much time allowing the capacitor to discharge, and at
elapses before the amplitude of the current time t the energy stored in the capacitor is
oscillation falls off to 50.0% of its initial one fourth of its initial value. Determine L,
value? (b) How long does it take the energy assuming C is known.
to decrease to 50.0% of its initial value?
61. A 1.00-mH inductor and a 1.00-μF
Additional Problems capacitor are connected in series. The
current in the circuit is described by I =
20.0t, where t is in seconds and I is in
amperes. The capacitor initially has no
charge. Determine (a) the voltage across the expression for the inductance of a toroid
inductor as a function of time, (b) the with R >> r was derived. To get a feel for the
voltage across the capacitor as a function of accuracy of that result, use the expression
time, and (c) the time when the energy in Problem 12 to compute the approximate
stored in the capacitor first exceeds that in inductance of the toroid described in part
the inductor. (b). Compare the result with the answer to
part (b).
62. An inductor having inductance L
and a capacitor having capacitance C are
connected in series. The current in the
circuit increases linearly in time as
described by I = Kt, where K is a constant.
The capacitor is initially uncharged.
Determine (a) the voltage across the
inductor as a function of time, (b) the
voltage across the capacitor as a function of
Figure P32.64
time, and (c) the time when the energy
stored in the capacitor first exceeds that in
65. (a) A flat circular coil does not really
the inductor.
produce a uniform magnetic field in the
area it encloses, but estimate the self-
63. A capacitor in a series LC circuit has
inductance of a flat, compact circular coil,
an initial charge Q and is being discharged.
with radius R and N turns, by assuming
Find, in terms of L and C, the flux through
that the field at its center is uniform over its
each of the N turns in the coil, when the
area. (b) A circuit on a laboratory table
charge on the capacitor is Q/2.
consists of a 1.5-volt battery, a 270-Ω
resistor, a switch, and three 30-cm-long
64. The toroid in Figure P32.64 consists
patch cords connecting them. Suppose the
of N turns and has a rectangular cross
circuit is arranged to be circular. Think of it
section. Its inner and outer radii are a and b,
as a flat coil with one turn. Compute the
respectively. (a) Show that the inductance
order of magnitude of its self-inductance
of the toroid is
and (c) of the time constant describing how
fast the current increases when you close
0 N 2h b
L ln the switch.
2 a
66. A soft iron rod (μm = 800μ0) is used as
(b) Using this result, compute the self-
the core of a solenoid. The rod has a
inductance of a 500-turn toroid for which a
diameter of 24.0 mm and is 10.0 cm long. A
= 10.0 cm, b = 12.0 cm, and h = 1.00 cm. (c)
10.0-m piece of 22-gauge copper wire
What If? In Problem 12, an approximate
(diameter = 0.644 mm) is wrapped around
the rod in a single uniform layer, except for
a 10.0-cm length at each end, which is to be
used for connections. (a) How many turns
of this wire can be wrapped around the
rod? For an accurate answer you should
add the diameter of the wire to the
diameter of the rod in determining the
circumference of each turn. Also note that
the wire spirals diagonally along the
surface of the rod. (b) What is the resistance
of this inductor? (c) What is its inductance?
Figure P32.73
74. An air-core solenoid 0.500 m in
Review problems. Problems 76 through
length contains 1 000 turns and has a cross-
79 apply ideas from this chapter and
sectional area of 1.00 cm2. (a) Ignoring end
earlier chapters to some properties of
effects, find the self-inductance. (b) A
superconductors, which were introduced
secondary winding wrapped around the
in Section 27.5.
center of the solenoid has 100 turns. What is
the mutual inductance? (c) The secondary
winding carries a constant current of 1.00 A, 76. The resistance of a superconductor. In
and the solenoid is connected to a load of an experiment carried out by S. C. Collins
1.00 kΩ. The constant current is suddenly between 1955 and 1958, a current was
stopped. How much charge flows through maintained in a superconducting lead ring
the load resistor? for 2.50 yr with no observed loss. If the
inductance of the ring was 3.14 × 10–8 H,
75. The lead-in wires from a television and the sensitivity of the experiment was 1
antenna are often constructed in the form of part in 109, what was the maximum
two parallel wires (Fig. P32.75). (a) Why resistance of the ring? (Suggestion: Treat this
does this configuration of conductors have as a decaying current in an RL circuit, and
an inductance? (b) What constitutes the flux recall that e– x ≈ 1 – x for small x.)
loop for this configuration? (c) Ignoring any
magnetic flux inside the wires, show that 77. A novel method of storing energy
the inductance of a length x of this type of has been proposed. A huge underground
lead-in is superconducting coil, 1.00 km in diameter,
would be fabricated. It would carry a
0 x w a maximum current of 50.0 kA through each
L ln winding of a 150-turn Nb3Sn solenoid. (a) If
a
the inductance of this huge coil were 50.0
H, what would be the total energy stored?
where a is the radius of the wires and w is
(b) What would be the compressive force
their center-to-center separation.
per meter length acting between two
adjacent windings 0.250 m apart?