THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

CHAPTER I:

The Problem and Its Background

This chapter presents the general background of the study which includes its significance,

the problem to be directly answered by the study, its conceptual framework, along with

the scope and delimitation, and lastly the significant terms used.

Introduction

Social media are forms of electronic communication such as websites for social

networking and micro-blogging through which users create online communities to share

information, ideas, personal messages, and other content such as videos (Merriam-

Webster Dictionary, 2019).

As we know, nothing interesting is ever completely one-sided, so it is for social media as

it comes with both positive and negative effects. According to Rifkin and Longnecker

(2009), “There have been various perceptions about the positive effects of social media on

students’ performance. These include; enhancing relationship, improving learning

motivation, offering personalized course material, and developing collaborative abilities.”

On the other hand, the use of social media among students has reach high level wherein it

affects their studies, time, language skill on their posts such as poor grammars and wrong

spellings. Social media is getting the time and attention of the time of the students of their

study. Also, according to Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010), “social network websites grab

students’ attention and then diverts it towards noneducational and inappropriate actions

including useless chatting.”

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

The setting of this study is one of the public high schools in Angeles City, the Gov. Rafael

L. Lazatin Integrated School. The aim of this study is to find out the impact of social media

of selected high school students. With the respondents’ participation, the researchers will

able to accomplish the study.

This study is important for the community for it seeks answers on one of the issue of our

society, the effects social media on academics. It aims to formulate a useful

recommendation for the students, parents and teachers for how to properly use the social

media for the better way.

In our time today, there is no doubt that social media gained wider usability and is also

probably the most used communication tool of the students. It’s hard to imagine a boy who

at least one week who don’t get his phone and scroll in his news feed. In our reality right

now, everyone must keep updated about the latest news in social media and what is trend

or else you are outdated. So the researchers choose this topic to find out if using social

media will be good or bad for the students.

The purpose of this study is to determine how social media affects the academic

performance of the students if it is either positively or negatively; if the students of Gov.

Rafael L. Lazatin Integrated School are getting better or worse in their academics with the

usage of social media.

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Statement of the Problem

General Objectives

The main objective of this study is to determine how social media affects the students’

academic performance as well as formulate useful recommendation that aims to advise

how to use social media properly.

Research Questions

This study entitled “The Impact of Social Media on the Academic Performance of Students

of GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020” aims to determine how social media affects the students’

academic performance. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. Does the social media affect the academic performance positively or negatively:

1.1 What is the level of exposure of students to social media?

1.2 How social media influence the academic work of students?

1.3 What are the positive and negative impacts of social media to the students?

2. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

2.1 Grades

2.2 Gender

2.3 No. of hours spent in social media daily

Conceptual Framework

The researchers created questions about how social media affects the students’ academic.

The researchers gave questionnaires to the respondents to gather data for the study (The

Impact of Social Media on the Academic Performance of Students of GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-

2020). With the respondents’ participation, the researchers has able to accomplish the

study.

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study aims to target and focus on the batch 2019-2020 high school students of Gov.

Rafael L. Lazatin Integrated School located at Sameera Subd. Angeles City. Selected 100

high school students are expected to respond to the researchers’ questionnaire. The

information fulfilled the goal of the study.

Significance of the Study

This study aims to give benefits for the:

For the future researchers: This study will be able to help the future researchers as source

of information about the impact of social media on the academic performance of students.

This study will be a useful reference for the researchers who would plan to make any related

study.

For the students: This study will be able to help the students on how to use social media

properly to overcome the bad impacts of it to their academics. The results will provide the

students with some knowledge about social media and how to use it on their advantages

for their academics and how to avoid its bad effects. This study will give students

realization that social media can be either good or bad for their academic performance. At

the end of this study, students will finally know the impact of social media on their

academics.

For the teachers: The given data of this study will help the teachers in guiding their students

in using social media. Teachers will be able to figure out if it’s fine to use social media on

academics.

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THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

For the parents: This study will help the parents on how they could guide their children on

properly using the social media. The given data will help them formulate a solution to how

they can manage their children’s usage of social media.

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

Definition of terms

Academic Performance- is measured by the final grade earned in the course (IGI Global,

2019)

In this study, it pertains to engagement in school activities or performances.

Impact (noun) - the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another (Oxford

Dictionaries, 2019).

In this study, it pertains to effect, result, consequence, outcome or upshot.

Social Media (noun) – are websites and applications that enable users to create and share

content or to participate in social networking (Oxford Dictionaries, 2019).

In this study, it serves as the tool that most students use in different purposes such as for

leisure or for academics.

GOVERNOR RAFAEL L. LAZATIN INTEGRATED SCHOOL

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

CHAPTER II:

Review of Related Literature

Review of Foreign Literature

Social media

Social media are websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or

to participate in social networking (Oxford Dictionary, 2019). Another definition of social

media is that it is “computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas, thoughts,

and information through the building of virtual networks and communities. By design,

social media is internet-based and gives users quick electronic communication of content.

Content includes personal information, documents, videos, and photos. Users engage with

social media via computer, tablet or smartphone via web-based software or web

application, often utilizing it for messaging (Dollarhide, 2019). Summing up, all these

definitions fall under that social media is a form of communication between individuals

with the use of internet. The humans benefit from it a lot for it is a great communication

tool.

Negative Effects of Social Media to Academic Performance of Students

In the study of Kuppuswamy & Shankar (2010), said that social media affects the students

use of English. They use short-handwritting when chatting friends and unconsciously get

used to it thereby replicating same errors during examinations.

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Positive Effects of Social Media to Academic Performance of Students

In the study of Kuppuswamy & Shankar (2010), it is said that chatting can cause poor

grammars of students but in the other hand, the study of Jain (2012), titled “Going Social:

The Impact of Social Networking in Promoting Education’’ revealed that students benefit

from chatting with other students, teachers and external sources to acquire knowledge.

Also, Yunus & Salehi (2012), argued that students gained more vocabulary, improved their

writing skills and reduced their spelling mistakes through social media usage.

Review of Local Literature

Positive Effects of Social Media to Academic Performance of Students

In the study of Kulidtod (2017), he also mentioned the positive effects of using social media

in academics and ranked them in order.

1. Helps them to become updated on current issues and events that can help on their

studies

2. Helps them to improve their communication skills

3. Helps them to share topics online

4. Hives them information related to their academic or future career

5. Helps them to find answers for their school works;

6. Helps them to become smart because of the information they get from the sites

7. Gives them an excellent opportunity for effective forums in class discussion

8. Helps them to earn better grades in school

9. Helps them to improve their participation in school

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

10. Highly motivates them to become participative in the classroom

The study of Branzuela & Philip (2019) that entitled “EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA

USAGE TO THE SCHOOL PERFORMANCE OF THE GRADE 12 SENIOR HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS” found out that positive effects of social media include: the

student’s convenience in getting information about their lessons, homeworks and bring

home activities, it also make them communicate with classmates and friends for them to

gather information about certain topics.

Negative Effects of Social Media to Academic Performance of Students

“Teenagers used their social networking media accounts to likes, comments and follow and

they base their selfworth on the number of likes, comments and followers they obtain from

it,” (Kulidtod, 2017). Privacy is also concern that everyone involved in social networking

is faced with. People will be in difficult to ascertain that which post or shared information

is fake. Individuals’ private information is displayed public and can be used for advantage

in harassment.

In the study of Morallo (2014), “THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON

STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES –

LAGUNA,” he found out that social media decrease students’ study time and increase

leisure time. They use social media mainly for non-academic purposes or entertainment

activities and for communicating with friends and classmates about school work and

assignments.

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THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF
STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

CHAPTER III:

Research Methodology

Research Design

In order to create a well-oriented structure that would serve as the plan and basis in

conducting thus study, descriptive-correlation was utilized. It was the design that was used

by the researchers for it explores and observes relationships among variables. This method

is conclusive in nature and gathers quantifiable information that can be used for statistical

interference through data analysis. Therefore, most of the questions presented here are

close-ended and limit the respondents’ unique insights. However, it can help better define

and measure the significance of an information about a particular group.

Moreover, the variables involved in this are called the independent and dependent

variables. Independent variable is an independently manipulated and thus, a potential

cause. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is a factor that can change in a study in response

to changes in the independent variable. In this study, the independent variable is the

exposure of respondents to social media, while the dependent variable is the respondents’

academic performance that was based according to their General Weighted Average

(GWA), which are both will be gather and interpret through their test responses.

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Research Setting

The venue for this research is Gov. Rafael L. Lazatin Integrated School, located at Sameera

subd., Sapalibutad, Angeles City. This school is the chosen location of the researchers since

its population is capable of providing the needed number of respondents.

Research Subjects

Students who came from the above-mentioned school are the respondents in this study. A

total sample size of fifty (50) students from grade 10 was randomly selected from the total

population of two hundred fifty-one (251) to answer the researchers’ questionnaires.

In addition, simple random sampling was used in this study since the subjects are all

qualified in the qualifications of this study and for the results to be not biased. Simple

random sampling is a type of probability sampling technique. Probability sampling focuses

on sampling techniques that are not biased nor based on the judgement of the researchers.

Research Ethics

The researchers’ foremost concern is the prevention of encountering any possible harm

during the entire research process, and considering that the ethical aspect of this study must

be given to the respondents in order for them to give out their truthful answers on each

research question. Consent from the respondents will be taken, and usage of their given

data will be limited only to the permission acquired from the informants. Confidentiality

of personal information will also be maintained in order to ensure anonymity among the

participants. In addition, respondents are always free to decline in participating in the

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

research study. All the information entrusted to the researchers will be strictly supervised

and will be utilized for research purposes only.

Research Instruments

The researchers of this study constructed a survey questionnaire as an instrument for

gathering data from the selected informants. The questionnaire is specifically designed to

complement with the topic being discussed in this study, and it consisted of ten (10)

specific, close-ended questions which limited the informants’ ability to express their own

perspectives and insights about the subject matter. Due to the said limitation, the

respondents were only able to give their responses through an answer selection, based on

the Likert scale, in the questionnaire, giving the researchers the ability to collect the

essential data in a quantifiable manner.

Data Gathering Procedure

This research was conducted inside the premises of Gov. Rafael L. Lazatin Integrated

School. A total of fifty (50) Grade 10 students served as the main subjects for this study,

who gave their responses to the survey questionnaires handed out by the researchers

themselves. The researchers utilized the simple random sampling wherein the process of

gathering the respondents is done by simply drawing out names out of a box. Those

students who agreed to take part in the survey were included in the research process.

The researchers handed out survey questionnaires, consisting of ten (10) specific, close-

ended questions, in order to seek further answers needed to supply this research. Gathered

data were transcribed and interpreted for analysis. Determining whether the impact of

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

social media to students’ academic performance is positive or negative was done by

undergoing various statistical treatments applied in this study.

Statistical Treatment

Responses to the survey by the selected Grade 10 participants were statistically analyzed

according to the data requirements of this study. Since this study bears the descriptive-

correlational research design, the researchers utilized two different statistical formulas in

order to collate all the gathered data into a reasonable, reliable, and valid answer to all the

problems stated in this study. Both the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient

and descriptive statistics, specifically the Mean Method, were utilized in this study.

The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, known shortly as Pearson’s r, is the

test statistics that measures the statistical relationship or association between two variables.

This formula was used by the researchers in order to determine whether there is a

correlation between the level of exposure to social media and the academic performance

of the respondents, which are considered in this study as the independent and dependent

variables respectively. The Mean Formula, on the other hand, is one of the most useful and

widely used method in calculating the arithmetic average of a data set. The researchers

utilized this formula to find out the statistical average of some specific gathered data

needed to supply the descriptive part of this research study.

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

CHAPTER IV:

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This chapter gives the readers an overview of the results found in this study. The gathered

data are presented in tables, and were analyzed and interpreted to effectively and accurately

answer the problems presented in this study through the statistical treatments used by the

researchers.

Table 1.1

Demographic Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Gender

Gender Frequency %

Male 25 50

Female 25 50

Total 50 100%

Table 1.1 shows the distribution of the respondents according to their gender

In terms of gender, there are twenty-five (25) female respondents who constitute fifty

percent (50%) of the subjects equal to the number of male respondents who are twenty-

five (25) which constitute fifty percent (50%) of the subjects as well. According to Huyer

(2018), “Women have equal rights to men in using social media” which means that

everyone have rights in using social media regarding their gender.

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

Data of the demographic profile of the respondents revealed that among the respondents,

female spent more time on social media than male with an average of 6.16 hours per day.

Table 1.2

Demographic Profile of the Respondents in Terms of General Weighted Average

(GWA)

GWA Frequency %

75 – below 1 2

76 – 80 7 14

81 – 85 16 32

86 – 90 21 42

91 – 95 5 10

Total 50 100%

Table 1.2 shows the distribution of the respondents according to their GWA.

In terms of the level of academic performance based on the respondents’ General Weighted

Average (GWA), the respondents having general averages between the range of 86-90

constitute the biggest percentage, having forty-two percent (42%) of the total population.

Followed up by the respondents with general averages between the range of 81-85 which

have thirty-two percent (32%) of the total population. The respondents who have general

averages between the range of 76-80 constitute fourteen percent (14%) of the total

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

population while the respondents who have general averages between the range of 91-95

constitute ten percent (10%) of the total population. The respondent who have general

average below 75 constitute the lowest percentage which is two percent (2%) of the total

population.

Table 1.3

Demographic Profile of Respondents in Terms of Hours Spent is Social Media Daily

Hours spent in social Frequency %

media per day

0-5 hours 29 58

6-10 hours 17 34

11-15 hours 2 4

16-20 hours 2 4

Total 50 100%

Table 1.2 shows the distribution of the respondents according to the hours they spent in

social media daily.

In terms of hours spent in social media per day, the respondents who spent in social media

between the range of 0-5 hours per day constitute the highest percentage which is fifty-

eight (58%) of the total population. Followed up by the respondents who spent 6-10 hours

daily which constitute thirty-four percent (34%) of the total population. The respondents

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

who spent 11-15 hours in social media per day constitute four percent (4%) which equal to

the percentage of respondents who spent in social media for 16-20 hours which is four

percent (4%) as well.

Table 2.1

Positive Impact of Social Media to Respondents’ Academic Performance

Items TWS WM Verbal

Interpretation

1. The usage of websites like Google and 213 4.26 Agree

Wikipedia for research has helped improve

my grades

2. I use information obtained from social 201 4.02 Agree

media to complement what I have been

taught in class.

3. Engaging in academic groups and pages 198 3.96 Agree

(WhatIf, ScienceMemes. MathMajor and

etc.) increases my understanding of topics

discussed in class.

4. Group discussions on social media such 193 3.86 Agree

as group chats yield good results as far as

my academics are concerned.

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Total 805 4.025 Agree

Table 2.1 shows the positive impact of social media to the respondents’ academic

performance.

As presented on the table above, it can be interpreted that the respondents agree that social

media have positive impacts in their academic performance. They agreed that usage of

websites like Google and Wikipedia have helped them in improving their grades with

Weighted Mean of (4.26). Respondents also agreed that information obtained from social

media complement what they have been taught in class with Weighted Mean of (4.02).

Engaging in academic groups increases their understanding of topics discussed in class

yield Weighted Mean of (3.96) while group discussions on social media yield good results

as far as their academics are concerned have Weighted Mean of (3.86) which means that

the respondents agreed with them also.

Table 2.2

Negative Impact of Social Media to Respondents’ Academic Performance

Items TWS WM Verbal

Interpretation

1. I am addicted to social media and this is a 136 2.72 Undecided

challenge that affect my academics.

2. Using social media distracts my studies. 145 2.9 Undecided

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3. Time spent on social media can never be 139 2.78 Undecided

compared to time spent on my studies.

4. There is no improvement in my grades 110 2.2 Disagree

since I became engaged into social media.

Total 530 2.65 Undecided

Table 2.1 shows the negative impact of social media to the respondents’ academic

performance.

Based on interpretations above, the respondents’ beliefs doesn’t reach a certain degree of

certainty, or to put it simply, they are undecided if social media have negative impact on

their academic performance. The Weighted Mean for if they are addicted to social media

and this is a challenge that affect my academics is 2.72 which mean they are undecided

about it. They are also undecided if using social media distracts their studies which have

(2.9) Weighted Mean and if the time spent on social media can never be compared to time

spent to their studies which have (2.78) Weighted Mean.

Responses on the negative impact revealed that, though majority are not sure if social

media have negative impact on their academic performance, there is some extent of

addictiveness and distraction caused by the use of social media. The data collected showed

that thirty percent (30%) of the respondents were addicted to social media and it affected

their academic life and thirty-six percent (36%) revealed that using social media distracts

them from their studies

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However, in item number 4, it appears that majority of the respondents disagree that there

is no improvement in their grades since they became engaged in social media with

Weighted Mean of (2.2).

Table 3.1

Relationship Between the Exposure of Students to Social Media and Their

Academic Performance

Independent Dependent Correlation Verbal

Variable Variable Interpretation

Time Spent Daily GWA

in Social Media High Positive

0.71
Correlation
Σx = 308 Σy = 4276.2

Table 3.1 shows the correlation between the two variables presented in this study.

As evident on the results from the table above, the independent variable has a strong chance

to become interrelated with the students’ General Weighted Average (GWA). Having a

high positive correlation means that there is linear relationship between the variables

presented in this study. It can be concluded that the more the students are exposed on social

media, the better their academic performance can be.

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

CHAPTER V:

Conclusions and Recommendations

This chapter focuses on the summary of findings after obtaining the data necessary for this

study. This includes the conclusions formulated by the researchers based on the concepts

formed, with corresponding recommendations that are purely based on the results that

appeared after conducting data presentation, interpretation, and analysis.

Conclusions

Majority of the students spent less than 5 hours in using social media per day while students

who spent 11- 15 and 16-20 hours have the least frequency. According to Galer (2018), the

healthy number of hours should spent in social media must be maximized for 5 hours and

spending longer than five 5 hours will have side effects on the health of the user which

concludes that majority of the students are not exposed too much with social media.

Though majority of the students are not exposed too much with social media, there are still

students who are exposed too much with social media that must be watched for it could

affect their health and having poor health can affect their academics. According to Itrich

(2019), having poor health such as lack of sleep could affect the academic achievement of

a student.

Respondents having general averages between the range of 86-90 constitute the biggest

frequency, while respondents having average below 75 have the least frequency. According

to DepEd, in the New K-12 Grading System, the passed satisfactory GWA for public

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

schools’ students is 81-and above which concludes that majority of the respondents have

passed satisfactory GWA.

All of students whether it is male or female know how to use social media. According to

Huyer (2018), “Women have equal rights to men in using social media,” which means that

everyone have rights in using social media regarding their gender. Through the data

gathered, the researchers found out that female spent more time on using social media than

male. According to ChiefMarketer (2019), social networking sites reached 75.8 percent of

all women online in May, compared to 69.7 percent of all men online.

Social media have a good impact on the students’ academic performance. They agreed that

usage of websites like Google and Wikipedia have helped them in improving their grades,

information obtained from social media complement what they have been taught in class,

engaging in academic groups increases their understanding of topics discussed in class and

group discussions on social media yield good results as far as their academics are

concerned. According to Kulidtod (2017), social media can helps students to share topic

online, helps them to find answers for their school works, helps them to become smart

because of the information they get from the sites, and helps them to improve their

participation in school. According also to Branzuela & Philip (2019), positive effects of

social media include: the student’s convenience in getting information about their lessons,

homeworks and bring home activities, it also make them communicate with classmates and

friends for them to gather information about certain topics.

Students are undecided if social media have negative impact on their academic

performance. Responses on the negative impact revealed that, though majority are not sure

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STUDENTS OF GRLLIS S.Y. 2019-2020

if social media have negative impact on their academic performance, there is some extent

of addictiveness and distraction caused by the use of social media. The data collected

showed that some of the respondents were addicted to social media and it affected their

academic life and it revealed that using social media distracts them from their studies.

According to Yeboah (2014), said that social media networks such as whatsApp and

Messenger distract students’ academic life and affects their concentration during classes

and learning periods. However, in item number 4, it appears that majority of the

respondents disagree that there is no improvement in their grades since they became

engaged in social media. According to Kulidtod (2017), using social media helps students

to earn better grades in school.

Despite the usual belief that using social media is the reason why the students are having

poor academic performance, seeing the results from the correlation of the variables, the

researchers have sought that using social media can be also beneficial in improving the

students’ academic performance. In the study of Delmatoff (2019), she let her students use

social media in classroom for their activities and her experiment resulted for her students

to increase the overall quality of their work and her students had more than 50% grade

increase.

Recommendation

Based on the findings and conclusions in the study, the following recommendations are

suggested:

Students should be educated on the influence of social media on their academic

performance.
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Female students should engage more in extracurricular activities and find other way of

spending their leisure time such as reading books and playing sports instead of using social

media too much.

Seminars and inspirational talks should be organized in the school or faculty to enlighten

students more about the possible implications of social media usage on their academic

performance.

Students should make sure that they use these social media websites judiciously to ensure

that they do not become detrimental to their academics.

Teachers can adopt new teaching strategies by channelling assignments or discussions on

social media websites to help inculcate the habit of using these sites for academic work.

Teachers should ensure they use the social media as a tool to improve the academic

performance of students in schools.

Social Media Sites should be expanded and new pages should be created to

enhance academic activities and avoid setbacks in the students’ academic

performance.

Though majority of the students are not exposed too much on social media, students still

must organize the time they spend on social media to avoid being obsessed by these

unnecessary chatting.

The parents should also restrict their children access to certain social media sites that may

be prone of distracting students’ attention their study hours as a means of minimizing their

use.

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GOVERNOR RAFAEL L. LAZATIN INTEGRATED SCHOOL