Boiler Mounting: Micro Project
Boiler Mounting: Micro Project
MICRO PROJECT
Academic year: 2019-20
BOILER MOUNTING
Program: Mechanical Engineering
Place: Nanded
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1. Name Of Student
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For making this project we take every group member suggestion and their opinion.
We did hard work for preparation of this project model and reports.
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1.Brief Introduction :-
The various boiler mountings and accessories that are used in
steam boilers are water level indicator, pressure gauge, safety valves, stop
valve; blow off cock, feed check valve, fusible plug, air pre-heater, super
heater, economiser and feed pump. The boiler mounting and accessories are used
in steam boilers for its proper, efficient and satisfactory working. In this
article we will discuss about the functions of each of them.
5 Designed to model
4. Resources Required
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Boiler mountings
Boiler mountings are the devices which are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
operation of the boiler. These devices are mounted over the shell or drum of the
boiler.
In accordance with IBR, the following mountings must be fitted. There are eight
important boiler mountings:
1. Pressure gauge (one)
The other end of the connecting rod is attached to a toothed sector (T)
which gears with a pinion (P). At the centre, there is a pointer (PO). The
high- pressure steam enters the Bourdon spring tube through hollow
block. The interior mechanism of the pressure gauge is shown in Fig.
3.8.
Due to the radial pressure acting on the internal surface of the tube, the tube
becomes elliptical in shape and a force is exerted on the connecting rod which is
transferred to the toothed sector and hence to the pinion and motion is
transmitted to pointer which is fitted at the centre and pointer gets moved.
Bourdon pressure gauge is one of the common forms of the gauge. The pressure
measured by the gauge will be the gauge pressure. In practice, a U-shape tube
filled with water is fitted in between the hollow block and the drum (steam stored
space). It is to safe guard the bronze metal tubes with excessive temperature of
steam.
In case, the gauge glass breaks, the rush of steam and water will push the steel
balls thereby blocking the passage to the position as shown by black colour stop
and prevents water and steam to come out of the boiler shell or drum. The
broken glass tube is replaced immediately to function it as usual.
3. Safety Valves:
The function of safely valve is to safeguard the boiler from the danger of pressure
higher than the safe working pressure. Every boiler has a safe working pressure
designed by the manufacturer and can be operated safely if it is operated within
this pressure limit. The designed pressure may be more than the safe working
pressure.
When the boiler is in operation, due to the increased rate of combustion, the rate
of steam generation exceeds. This causes a sudden increase of pressure higher
than the working pressure. At this instant, the excess steam produced must be
instantaneously released from the boiler to reduce the pressure. A safety valve
automatically discharges excess steam produced from the boiler by opening the
valves provided in it.
The upward force exerted by the steam exceeds the downward force and hence
valves lift up. This releases some quantity of steam till upward and downward
forces become same, and hence the valve takes the normal position. According to
IBR, boilers are fitted with two safety valves.
7. Fusible Plug:
The main purpose of a fusible plug is to extinguish the fire in the furnace of the
boiler when the water level in the boiler falls below an unsafe level. Thus,
explosion is avoided which may take place due to overheating of the tubes and
shell. It is generally fitted over the crown of the furnace or over the combustion
chamber. This is shown in Fig. 3.12. Plugs A and B are separated by fusible metal.
In normal case, when the boiler contains sufficient water, the plug also remains
covered by water. But when the water level falls, the plug is exposed to steam.
Because the steam temperature is larger than the water temperature, the fusible
metal melts. Plug B drops down and the steam starts blowing to the combustion
chamber to extinguish fire.