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Ball Pen Refill Making
Ball Pen Refill Making
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BUSINESS IDEAS
CHEMICAL
Ball pen refill making process is simple and can be initiated as a home
based manufacturing operation with moderate startup capital investment.
Ball pen is the essential writing instrument for students, for the
educational institution and in a type of office work. Wide and increasing
usage of ball pen and refills has made this product as the mass
consumable item. There is always a very good demand for quality ball pen
and refill. Nowadays use-and-throw pens are very popular among the
students. Any individual can start this manufacturing operation by having
simple machinery. Required raw material is also can be procured locally.
BALL PEN REFILL MAKING BUSINESS REGISTRATION
1. Punching machine
2. Ink filling machine
3. Nozzle fixing machine
4. Centrifuging machine
5. Hot stamping machine.
Ball pen refill making unit also can be established as fully automatic basis.
Technically upgraded fully automatic ball pen refill making machine is also
available in the market. According to your available finance and desired
output, you must choose the right machinery for the project.
• Introduction
• Properties
• BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard) Specifications & Requirements
• Uses & Applications
• Present Indian Market Position
• Expected Future Demand
• Export & Import Statistics Data
• Names and Addresses of Existing Units (Present Manufactures)
• List of Plant & Machineries
• Miscellaneous Items and Accessories
• Instruments, Laboratory Equipments and Accessories
• Electrification, Electric Load and Water
• Maintenance, Suppliers/Manufacturers of Plant and Machineries
• Process of Manufacture with formulae if applicable
• Flow Sheet Diagram
• List of Raw Materials
• Availability of Raw Materials
• Requirement of Staff & Labour
• Personnel Management
• Skilled & Unskilled Labour
• Requirement of Land Area
• Built up Area
• Plant Layout.
Engineers India Research Institute (EIRI) is a renowned name in the industrial world for offering
technical and financial consultancy services.
Refill is most useful gadget for our daily use. “Use and Throw” ball pen is very popular every
where like school ,college, office etc. Use and Throw pen is highly demand able thing in market
in view of price and uses. Here is tips for establish a small scale industry for Ball Pen Refill
making plant.
There are many types of Ball pen refill machine is available in market. A model range of ball pen
refill making machine comes from Rs. 5,000 to 7,500. The much advance machine for ball pen
refill making is available from Rs. 8,000 to Rs. 12,000. The other important things to be used in
ball pen refill making as raw material are – Pipe – Rs. 85/- per Kg., Ink- Rs. 120 to Rs. 400,
Nozzle – Rs. 24 to Rs. 135 per grues ( One Grues = 144 piece) , Plain rapper- Rs. 160 to Rs.
240 per thousand, Golden ribbon and Name Block. All materials are available at shop where you
buy plant machine. The training of refill making is very simple. You can learn all process of ball
pen refill making in only 7-8 days. The size of total plant is so small that all plant may come on a
6/6 table.
The product sells at grues base. It means that wholesalers buys the refills at grues base. There
are 12 dozens refills come in a grues. One grues (144 ) refill may be produced in 3-4 hrs. You
can earn Rs. 250-400 per day form a small size ball pen refill making plant.
Background
The ballpoint pen was developed as a solution to the problems
related to writing with a fountain pen. Fountain pens require the
user to constantly refresh the pen by dipping its tip in ink. This is
not necessary with a ballpoint pen because it is designed with its
own ink reservoir, which uses capillary action to keep the ink from
leaking out. At the tip of the pen is a freely rotating ball seated in a
socket. Only part of this ball is exposed; the rest of it is on the
inside of the pen and is constantly being bathed by ink from the
reservoir. Pressing the tip of the pen on the writing surface causes
the ball to roll. This rolling action then transfers ink from the inside
of the pen to the writing surface.
While different designs of ballpoint pens are available, many of the
components are the same. Common components include a ball, a
point, ink, an ink reservoir or cartridge, and an outer housing. Some
pens are topped with a cap to prevent it from leaking or having its
point damaged. Other pens use a retractable point system for the
same reason. Here a small spring is attached to the outside of the
ink reservoir, and when a button is pushed, the point is either
exposed or retracted. Still other varieties of ballpoint pens have
multiple ink cartridges, making it possible to write in different
colors using one pen. Other pens have refillable ink cartridges. One
type of pen has a pressurized cartridge that enables the user to
write underwater, over grease, and in space.
Raw Materials
A variety of raw materials are used for making the components of a
ballpoint pen, including metals, plastics, and other chemicals. When
ballpoint pens were first developed, an ordinary steel ball was used.
That ball has since been replaced by a textured tungsten carbide
ball. This material is superior because it is particularly resistant to
deforming. The ball is designed to be a perfect sphere that can
literally grip most any writing surface. Its surface is actually
composed of over 50,000 polished surfaces and pits. The pits are
connected by a series of channels that are continuous throughout
the entire sphere. This design allows the ink to be present on both
the surface and interior of the ball.
The points of most ballpoint pens are made out of brass, which is an
alloy of copper and zinc. This material is used because of its
strength, resistance to corrosion, appealing appearance, and ability
to be easily formed. Other parts, like the ink cartridge, the body, or
the spring can also be made with brass. Aluminum is also used in
some cases to make the pen body, and stainless steel can be used
to make pen components. Precious metals such as gold, silver, or
platinum are plated onto more expensive pens.
The ink can be specially made by the pen manufacturer. To be useful
in a ballpoint pen, the ink must be slightly thick, slow drying in the
reservoir, and free of particles. These characteristics ensure that
the ink continues to flow to the paper without clogging the ball.
When the ink is on the paper, rapid drying occurs via penetration
and some evaporation. In an ink formulation, various pigments and
dyes are used to provide the color. Other materials, such as
lubricants, surfactants, thickeners, and preservatives, are also
incorporated. These ingredients are typically dispersed in materials
such as oleic acid, castor oil, or a sulfonamide plasticizer.
A 1963 plastic and metal ballpoint pen commemorating the assassination of President
John F. Kennedy, Jr.
vinyl resins, which can be used to make most of the pen components.
The Manufacturing
Process
Ballpoint pens are made to order in mass quantities. While each
manufacturer makes them slightly differently, the basic steps
include ink compounding, metal component formation, plastic
component molding, piece assembly, packaging, labeling, and
shipping. In advanced shops, pens can go from raw material to
finished product in less than five minutes.
5 For pieces that have more complex shapes, like caps, ends, and
mechanical components, injection molding is used. In this process
the plastic is heated, converting it into a liquid that can then be
forcibly injected into a mold. After it cools, it solidifies and
maintains its shape after the die is opened.
Quality Control
The quality of pen components is checked during all manufacturing
stages. Since thousands of parts are made each day, inspecting
each one is impossible. Consequently, line inspectors take random
samples of pen pieces at certain time intervals and check to ensure
that they meet set specifications for size, shape, and consistency.
The primary testing method is visual inspection, although more
rigorous measurements are also made. Various types of measuring
equipment are available. Length measurements are made with a
vernier caliper, a micrometer, or a microscope. Each of these differ
in accuracy and application. To test the condition of surface
coatings, an optical flat or surface gauge may be used.
Like the solid pieces of the pens, quality tests are also performed on
the liquid batches of ink. After all the ingredients are added to the
batch, a sample is taken to the Quality Control (QC) laboratory for
testing. Physical characteristics are checked to make sure the
batch adheres to the specifications outlined in the formula
instructions. The QC group runs tests such as pH determination,
viscosity checks, and appearance evaluations. If the batch is found
to be "out of spec," adjustments can be made. For instance, colors
can be adjusted by adding more dye.
In addition to these specific tests, line inspectors are also posted at
each phase of manufacture. They visually inspect the components
as they are made and check for things such as inadequately filled
ink reservoirs, deformed pens, and incorrectly assembled parts.
Random samples of the final product are also tested to ensure a
batch of pens writes correctly.
The Future
Ballpoint pen technology has improved greatly since the time of
Loud's first patented invention. Future research will focus on
developing new inks and better designed pens that are more
comfortable and longer lasting. Additionally, manufacturers will
strive to produce higher quality products at the lowest possible
cost. One trend that will continue will be the development of
materials and processes which use metals and plastics that have
undergone a minimum of processing from their normal state. This
should minimize waste, increase production speed, and reduce the
final cost of the pens.