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Cassia Fistula - A Multicentric Clinical Verification Study
Cassia Fistula - A Multicentric Clinical Verification Study
161]
CLINICAL VERIFICATION
P.S. Chakraborty1*, Subhash Kaushik1, R.K. Ray10, R.P. Yadav11, M.K. Rai2, 12, Darshan Singh6, A.K. Bhakat5,
V.K. Singh11, 12, M.D. John9, K.C. Das8, V.G. Prasad4, S.S. Nain2,10, Mohan Singh10, P.K. Chandra8, D.K.
Singh3,11, Y. Rai10, Pramodji Singh2, 3, 12, Ojit Singh7, A.K. N. Singh3, M. Shah3, P.K. Pradhan 5,9, R. Bavaskar
9, L. Debata5, S. A. Ali1, Krishna Singh1, Vikram Singh1
Objectives: The primary objective was to clinically verify the symptomatology of Cassia fistula as
observed during its proving conducted by the Council earlier. The secondary objective was to
ascertain the clinical symptoms.
Methods: In this multicentre study, a total of 129 patients from all age groups and of both sexes
were drawn from the OPDs of respective institutes and units of the Council, following the inclusion
and exclusion criteria as per protocol and obtaining the written consent from the patients. Their
presenting signs and symptoms were recorded in a predefined case recording proforma. Special
attention was paid to the circumstances of appearance of symptoms and all the physical/ mental
generalsas per the homoeopathic point of view. Thereafter, on repertorizing the symptoms, if Cassia
fistula was found to be the nearest similimum for the enrolled cases, it was prescribed in different
potencies like 6C, 30C and 200C in ascending order, according to the need of the case and following
homoeopathic principles. The progress was noted in follow up sheets to determine the effect of the
medicine.
Result: It was found that many of the symptoms of the proving of the drug conducted by the
Council were found to be present in the patients, which were removed subsequently by the
administration of the remedy and thus verified clinically. Apart from these, some additional clinical
symptoms also emerged during the study, exploring the wider area of the medicine for its therapeutic
use.
Conclusion: Cassia fistula may be considered as a remedy for various clinical conditions like
anorexia, confusion, constipation, coryza, earache, fever, headache, lethargy, nasal obstruction,
pain in abdomen, sneezing, sleeplessness, stiffness of joints, arthritis, cervical pain, tonsillitis and
weakness etc. The symptoms of drug proving were also amply verified by this study and the clinical
symptoms revealed in the study have widened its scope for use in various therapeutic conditions.
Introduction
Restlessness 10/8
Dull pain, heaviness in the frontal region, agg. morning, noise,while 6/4
Sudden sharp pain from right frontal region to right occiput, 1/1
Eyes Itching of eyes, agg. in evening, amel. by washing with cold water 2/2
Burning pain and itching with sensation of heaviness in the left eye,
Coryza, agg. from dry cold air and amel. from warm room with frequent sneezing 1/1
frequent 16/12
Pain in epigastrium, agg. after meal, amel. with hard pressure and passing flatus 4/2
Rectum Burning in anus amel. by cold washing and passing stool with 2/1
swelling of anus
Constipation 33/26
Pain in both scapular regions with soreness amel. by pressing hard 4/1
Tearing pain in both knee joints agg. from motion amel. by rest. 10/7
Fever Fever with soreness of body with increased thirst with chilliness 21/15
after midnight
morning morning
STOOL
LARRYNX & TRACHEA
Hard
VOICE, hoarseness
Mushy
desire for cold water with
CHEST
STOMACH
ERUPTIONS, pustules
APPETITE, wanting
PAIN, cough, during
DESIRES, cold drinks
Sternum
EMPTINESS, weak feeling, painless, all gone SENSITIVE
feeling, hungry feeling
PAIN RESPIRATION
cold drinks, after DIFFICULT, exertion, after
eating, after
flatus, passing amel. COUGH
pressure amel. DRY, morning
THRIST, extreme LOOSE
heat, during
BACK
THIRSTLESSNESS
PAIN
sore, bruised, bitten nose, 5 from throat, 8 from stomach, 5 from abdomen,
motion, amel. 6 from rectum, 3 from chest & and respiratory system,
4 from back, 4 from extremities, 1 from sleep, 1 from
Cervical region
fever, 2 from perspiration and 3 from generalities.
bending forward, on
Dorsal region, scapulae After the completion of the trial it was found that
the main sphere of action of this drug is respiratory
pressing hard amel.
system, gastro intestinal system, head, ear and
musculo-skeletal system. Most of the symptoms
STIFFNESS
related to these systems have been verified during the
continuous motion amel. study and are summarized as - anorexia, confusion,
rising constipation, coryza, sneezing, earache, fever,
headache, lethargy, nasal obstruction, pain in
SLEEP abdomen, pain in knee joint, stiffness of joints, arthritis,
cervical pain (suggestive of cervical spondylitis),
SLEEPLESSNESS
tonsillitis, weakness and sleeplessness.
EXTREMITIES
The medicine primarily affects head, eyes and the
PAIN, Joints, Upper limbs
mucous membrane of nose, throat, stomach,
Shoulder, right, motion, on abdomen, rectum and also joints. It predominantly
tearing, Lower Limbs, knee affects the right side of the body. Its general modalities
are agg. in morning, and from motion and the amel.
motion, on
factors are hard pressure, passing flatus and passing
rest amel. stool.
PAIN, aching, Upper Arm, right
motion on The leading symptoms in mental sphere are
restlessness, aversion to talk and confusion of mind
burning, Foot, soles and The general symptoms includes sleeplessness,
walking while feeling of weakness, tiredness and malaise, and
keeping on cold place, amel. excessive offensive perspiration mostly marked on
head and on whole body. The particular leading
PERSPIRATIONS symptoms are coryza with watery nasal discharge and
sneezing, worse in morning, obstruction of both nostrils
PROFUSE in morning, soreness in throat, itching in eyes and
ODOR, offensive lachrymation.
head from
In gastrointestinal tract the symptoms of the
whole body from medicine are anorexia, increased thirst for cold water,
a feeling of heaviness in abdomen better by passing
FEVER flatus and after passing stool. It is found to be helpful
HEAT in general for haemorrhoids when there is burning in rectum
MIDNIGHT better from cold water. It is a familiar medicine for
constipation with ineffectual urging, requiring much
CHILL, with straining and patient takes long time to evacuate.
soreness of body with
It is also found useful in curing or relieving
GENERALITIES headache which is mostly marked over forehead with
PAIN, sore, bruised bursting pain, agg. in morning, on walking, on reading,
from noise and amel. in open air, pressure, lying down
externally, fever with and closing eyes.
WEAKNESS
In Musculo-skeletal system its characteristics are
Discussion pain in nape of neck on bending forward, stiffness and
soreness of back worse from rising, better from
The study of the drug Cassia fistula includes 129 continued motion. There is pain in shoulder joint, mostly
evaluable patients of all age groups. 95 symptoms marked on right side and also tearing pain in knee
were verified out of which 6 were from the chapter of joints. All these pains are worse on motion and this
mind, 15 from head, 2 from eyes, 1 from ear, 22 from symptoms stands repeatedly verified.
Cassis fistula is also indicated in fever. There is The efforts taken by all the Programme officers,
chill after midnight and soreness of body with increased Incharges of the respective Institutes/Units where the
thirst. study was conducted, for their good will and
cooperation for carrying out this challenging task which
This Medicine has shown some contradictory could not have been completed without them. Thanking
symptoms like strong desire for cold drinks but stomach them individually, may not be possible but Council
complaints agg. from drinking cold. Similarly there is gratefully acknowledges their help.
increased thirst for cold water and also thirstlessness.
Thanks are extended to Dr. C.D. Lamba, Research
Its general symptoms are feeling of weakness, Officer, CCRH, New Delhi for her technical assistance
tiredness and malaise; profuse, offensive perspiration. in this study for a brief period.
Burning in both soles, worse on walking and better by
Special thanks are also extended to Drs. N. R.
keeping on cold places is a strong Clinical symptom
Mondal and S. S. Ramteke, Assistant Directors of
of Cassia fistula.
HDRI, Lucknow and RRI (H), Shimla respectively, for
preparing the concluding reports of the study of the
The essence of the medicine may be summarized respective Institutes.
as congestive, catarrhal, flatulent, arthriti, neurotic and
right sided. REFERENCES
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Acknowledgements
Cassia_fistula.html#Folk%20Medicine.last accessed on
9/7/2011.
The authors are thankful to Dr. Alok Kumar,
Director General In-charge, Central Council for 7. Verma P.N, Baid indu. Encyclopaedia of homoeopathic
Research in homoeopathy, for giving valuable pharmacopoeia. Vol.-I, First ed. B. Jain publishers Pvt.
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