The document summarizes 22 sections of the Bill of Rights in the Philippines Constitution. It protects fundamental rights and liberties such as due process, equal protection, privacy, speech, property rights, and prohibits torture. Some key rights include freedom of religion, prohibition against cruel punishment, right to bail, speedy trial, double jeopardy protection, and habeas corpus.
The document summarizes 22 sections of the Bill of Rights in the Philippines Constitution. It protects fundamental rights and liberties such as due process, equal protection, privacy, speech, property rights, and prohibits torture. Some key rights include freedom of religion, prohibition against cruel punishment, right to bail, speedy trial, double jeopardy protection, and habeas corpus.
The document summarizes 22 sections of the Bill of Rights in the Philippines Constitution. It protects fundamental rights and liberties such as due process, equal protection, privacy, speech, property rights, and prohibits torture. Some key rights include freedom of religion, prohibition against cruel punishment, right to bail, speedy trial, double jeopardy protection, and habeas corpus.
ARTICLE III - BILL OF RIGHTS Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an Section 10.
pecting an Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise shall be passed. Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious property without due process of law, nor shall any person profession and worship, without discrimination or be denied the equal protection of the laws. preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or political rights.
Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial
bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty. Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to to travel be impaired except in the interest of national be determined personally by the judge after examination security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided Section 12. (1) Any person under investigation for the under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the by law. commission of an offense shall have the right to be witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent place to be searched and the persons or things to be and independent counsel preferably of his own choice. If seized. the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel. Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters (2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any of public concern shall be recognized. Access to official other means which vitiate the free will shall be used against records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official him. Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or Section 3. (1) The privacy of communication and acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government other similar forms of detention are prohibited. correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful research data used as basis for policy development, shall (3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this order of the court, or when public safety or order requires be afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may or Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence otherwise, as prescribed by law. be provided by law. against him. (2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the (4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for preceding section shall be inadmissible for any purpose in violations of this section as well as compensation to and any proceeding. rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their families.
Section 8. The right of the people, including those
employed in the public and private sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of shall not be abridged. speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the Section 13. All persons, except those charged with people peaceably to assemble and petition the government offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence for redress of grievances. of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be impaired Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is without just compensation. suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required. Section 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a Section 19. (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor criminal offense without due process of law. cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither (2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be shall the death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling presumed innocent until the contrary is proved, and shall reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against reduced to reclusion perpetua. him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet (2) The employment of physical, psychological, or the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory degrading punishment against any prisoner or detainee or process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under production of evidence in his behalf. However, after subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law. arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he has been duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.
Section 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-
payment of a poll tax.
Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall
not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it.
Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy
disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of or administrative bodies. punishment for the same offense. If an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute a bar to another prosecution for the same act.
Section 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness
against himself.
Section 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be
enacted.
Section 18. (1) No person shall be detained solely by
reason of his political beliefs and aspirations. (2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.
Cinema '84, Richard M. Greenberg, Tax Matters Partner, Karin M. Locke, Box Office Partnership and Joseph E. Goodwin, Jo Ann Scarfia, Participating Partner, First Blood Associates v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 294 F.3d 432, 1st Cir. (2002)