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The Relationshipbetween Family Structuresand Academic Performanceof Senior High School Studentsof Corpus Christi School
The Relationshipbetween Family Structuresand Academic Performanceof Senior High School Studentsof Corpus Christi School
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Christi School
By
March 2018
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY STRUCTURES AND
CHRISTI SCHOOL
A THESIS
In Partial Fulfillment
By
March 2018
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that we assume full responsibility over the work entitle “THE
SCHOOL” submitted as a requirement for the subject Research Project, Senior High
School Corpus Christi School, that the work is our own, that this is original expect as
specified in the acknowledgement, footnotes, or in the references and that this has
never been submitted to this or any other school for a degree or other requirements.
March 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY ii
CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM
Introduction 1
Conceptual Framework 5
Schematic Diagram 8
Hypotheses 10
Definition of Terms 14
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 29
Research Setting 30
Sampling Procedure 31
Statistical Treatment 37
Summary 43
Findings 44
Recommendations 47
REFERENCES 49
APPENDICES 47
Appendix A Questionnaire 58
CURRICULUM VITAE 78
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
THE PROBLEM
tool with which the success, ability and capability of a student are measured,
those students performing beyond average of the standard set by the school are
labeled as brilliant and those who perform low in class are considered as
average and not dumb.” Schools should constantly observe the academic
performance of their students. There are various factors that may affect the
following factors that may affect the academic performance of a student; support
instruction used by the teachers, diversity of the students in a class and more. In
addition, Coward (2001) proved with his study that a broken family structure is
one factor that does affect the academic performance of a student, on the other
hand, Small (2003) proved with his study that an intact family structure is also
community in which, from childhood, one can learn moral values, begin to honor
God, and make good use of freedom.” Families are different in terms of various
parents to their children- academic and activities and so on- and these forms
2
affect the children’s performance in school. For the purpose of this study, family
reasons- divorced, death of a parent and the likes. This study wishes to
children; and, in the case of economic families, other relatives.” In other words
family structure suggests whether a family is intact or broken. There are different
extended and nuclear families are the most common types according to Michelle
Blessing (2013).
In the context of this paper, the researchers will deal with the two main
family structures, which are the intact and broken ones. An intact family structure
that, because it is a family in which both biological parents are present, are still
alive and may either be living or not living together (cases include Overseas
this act is done then that family structure is a broken one. This research would
also focus on broken family structures, which is defined as a family structure that
has split or separated for various reasons, such as death of a parent, separation-
3
There were many studies done before, but most were focused on family
research. The following are studies which prove that family structure affect
elementary level in district Karak. After they conducted their research, the
researchers concluded that large family size; large number of brother and sisters;
domestic issues and tension among the family members; low socio-economic
was, those students belonging to a nuclear family were highly motivated, while
those who had a single parent were affected. But even if these studies were in
line with this research, since one primary aim is to contribute knowledge to the
existing body, this is one consideration why this research is focused on both of
The unit of analysis will include the Senior High School students of Corpus
Christi High School. In order to know whether the respondent was affected by
him or her being part of a family structure, the researchers would consider the
respondent’s general average for the final term of the first semester, comparison
of the grades between the two family structure is then done. In order to obtain
Corpus Christi Senior High School students, the researchers would be handing
out surveys. 12 classes would participate in filling out the survey questionnaire.
The researchers will be orienting them properly and will discuss to them the
purpose of the study and how their answers would help in finding out whether
there is none. In other words, the purpose of this study would be fulfilled.
5
Structural-Functionalism Theory
It is believed that all humans have functions. But the most important
people who are able to help and inculcate to others their functions are parents.
Wilson (2013) stated that the family is the basic social organization or unit
of any society; he also said that the family has a very important role in helping
their children find their purpose in life or their function in the society.
functions within the society but there are two functions that are more crucial than
the others. The first is the socialization of new members into the appropriate
values, norms and standards of society. This means that the role of the family is
behavior in the future- through marriage, which will then serve as the remedy to
the emotional stress and tensions of everyday life. The theory also recognizes
and explains the differentiation of gender roles within the family, with partners
instrumental role while women provide the complement with their more
6
other words, the implication of this theory is that both father and mother have
they complement each other. Thus, children would live better in two-parent
families or in intact families, since both parents are there to guide and mold them
Literature part, past researches will be discussed on how two different types of
this type of family structure not being able to achieve their goal in the society,
Functionalism Theory this theory also implies the use of role from a certain bar in
the structure, the parents. As of what Steifel (2015) said, most children or even
how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information
7
serves as a guide for action.” The social learning theory explains that if a
person is acting as a good role model would be expected to act like, then a good
product will come out. In the context of family structures, especially in intact
family structures, it is assumed that if their children are brought about by parents
who act as good role models, then the children might as well be good products.
But it does not apply that since one parent is out or gone in the cases of
Overseas Filipino Workers or OFWs, the one left behind at home is already weak
and the one not with their children is a bad role model (OFW), but might mean
that he or she is, doing it for the sake of their children’s future.
8
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
This study will be conducted in Corpus Christi High School and the respondents
would be the Senior High School students of the said school. These respondents
will be grouped according to their family structure, whether intact or broken. Data
performance?
10
HYPOTHESES
performance.
performance.
11
The present study is significant and timely for the results can give valuable
information for the Senior High School students, teachers, guidance counselors,
parents and administrators, about the effects of family structure to the students’
academic performance.
Senior High School students. They would be aware that people still do
listen to their problems even if they are expected to be more mature in facing
Teachers. After reading this paper, this will help them be more aware of
their students’ life. By knowing that they are from a broken family, the teacher
can be more sensitive with certain related topics, such topics regarding families,
Guidance Counselors. This will help them know who are the students
experiencing such or if who are affected and who are in need of their services as
the school’s guidance counselor, because it is their job to help those who are in
need, like students failing or having a hard time with in their studies because of
family problems..
Parents. They would be aware that their children get affected too. Since it
is an obligation of parents to tune into their children’s problems, they must help
them in their studies or so, by properly making them understand the reason for
such and by giving the children proper care and love, to make him/her secure.
12
School. The research will be able to point out whether the institution
needs more counselors since individual counseling must be done for those
having a hard time transitioning from having a broken family to having a more
stable life or even though students who are not used to their present lives.
Future Researchers. This research can serve as a core study for future
researches. They can possibly get ideas from this research with proper citations.
13
The aim of this study is to find out whether there is a relationship between
family structures and academic performance, this research will not provide
knowledge – studies, and scales will be used to gather information. There will be
a total of 185 respondents, which composes of the Senior High School students
The independent variable is family structures which limit the study to focus
only on intact and broken families and the dependent variable is the academic
enables the researchers to know where the student is really from, namely:
Nuclear which may be complete or incomplete for the Intact Family Structure and
for the Broken Family Structure. As soon as the respondents will answer the
questionnaire, which is just a questionnaire that will make the researchers know
from which family structure they are from, random selections will be done in order
for the researchers to know whose grades will they take into consideration. After
that, comparison between the grades of the two structures is then done: if there
is a short gap- it may either be a good one wherein the broken family structure
might not be affected at all or be a bad one since it will show that the intact family
structure is deluded to the fact of compactness, thus they might tend to lose
focus; if there is a long gap- it shows that there is a relationship between both
variables- but will depend on which stays on lower ground- the intact or broken.
14
DEFINTION OF TERMS
death, and single-parent families, are operationally defined. Some terms may
final term of the first semester for the senior high school students of Corpus
Christi.
wherein one member is absent that may cause the family to be broken.
wherein both, the children and parents, are living together under one roof.
one parent has split ways with the other leading the family to become broken.
comprise a family. This may be associated to a type of family one person has.
member is not there or is not present temporarily or at the moment for various
Nuclear Families. This term refers to a type of intact family structure that
parent has died, leaving the other parent alone to raise his/her child.
structure wherein one parent is left out raising their children alone due to certain
reasons.
CHAPTER 2
INTRODUCTION
This chapter contains the themes that were used to conduct the study.
The themes include family structure, both intact and broken family structure:
Intact family structures include nuclear families and broken family structure
Caldas’ study (1999) proved that family structuring is one factor that
analytically separated into two categories as raised by Fagan, Have and Chan
(2011): and these are intact family structure and broken family structure. With
academic performance.
wherein intactness is present and is a family where both parents are still
together. On the other hand, he said that the broken family structure is the
opposite of the intact family structure, it is a family wherein the parents are not
together anymore or in most cases, one parent is missing due to various reasons
Lumsden (2004), stated that the role of the significant others, which are
it acts as a main factor which shapes the initial well-being of the child as a
student and the attitudes they develop towards learning in institutions or schools.
He stressed that “When children are raised in a home that nurtures a sense of
self-worth, competence, autonomy, and self efficacy (intact family), the child will
be more apt to accept the risks inherent in learning,” which approves that having
an intact family structure is much more efficient in the pursuit of learning for
children, in other words there is less significant relationship between intact family
Alika’s study (2012), on the other hand, stated that broken family structure
affects greatly the academic performance of the student. She stressed out that
broken family structure affects the achievements of the child upon growing up,
since one of the child’s parents is absent and is not there to properly guide and
give out full attention to the child, which means that broken family structures have
family wherein the parents are still living together. One type, under intact family
structures are nuclear families, which is one of the main focus of this research.
According to Odok and Ella (2015), nuclear family consists of two parents- the
Larson (2016) believes that there is no better way of raising children than
having the nuclear type of intact family, which suggests the presence of both
general, enjoy support whether financially, socially and physical help from their
well stimulated and good, then the child won’t have issues, since proper care is
given, but if a child if raised in an environment which is not child-friendly, then for
sure, the child will differ from the child raised well, since different environments
Shek, Xie and Lin (2015) did a study on how family intactness impact on
the end, it said that children from intact families functioned very well, those
specific people had a more stable life, were more disciplined and had a better
relationship with their parents. Parents from Intact families are able to give more
time, affection, and supervision to their children than that of those coming from
broken families, as the two parents can relieve one another when they find that
Whitney and Alejandro (2009) parents from nuclear families have several
advantages: they have access to more employment, income, and savings than
parents from broken families do (Amato 2005), on average, both parents are able
19
to devote more time, affection and monitoring to their children than are single
Theorists, who take the family composition perspective, argue that intact
families are the best family structure for their children and that two-parent or
nuclear and extended families are the ideal family structure for their children.
Studies claim that children who are not raised by both their biological parents will
Theorists who favor the family composition perspective see this loss of
social capital for children from single-parent and non-intact families as inevitable.
This theory suggests that if parents are not living together, it may cause more
would help no matter what, leading to the conclusion that whether or not in
contact, nuclear and extended families do help each other in reaching and
name: intact. A complete nuclear family is a nuclear family wherein both parents
are together in one roof. These include the homes where the mother, father and
20
children are present. There are various studies which show whether or not there
Sub-county, Kenya. He sorted out study objectives and was purposely made to
development, which is both a risk and a protective model. The findings of this
study revealed that good performance of learners from nuclear families were due
The intention of this study was to investigate the extent to which family
structure; specifically from single-parent families and two parent families which
and Huebner (2006), was used to gather information from the students and it was
families and those from two parent families. In other words, the academic
21
performance of children from two parent families were better than those from
single parent families, this shows that the family structure, nuclear families, had
families, positively.
still together but are currently not residing in one house; this is for the cases of
OFWs or Overseas Filipino Workers who work abroad for different reasons.
more than 2 Million Filipinos from families have already worked outside the
country, which is why this research will also have this as a focus.
In the last 30 years, there has been a rapid increase of Filipino parents
leaving the country and their families for better job opportunities abroad. A review
of the literature and a survey on the current practices in schools reveals a lack of
better. Considering the gaps in the current practice, we recommend that more
implemented to help the children and families left behind by OFW parents
(Tarroja & Fernando 2013). Further explanations say that when one parent is
use in an effort to gain financial security for their families. Children from OFW
problems when compared with children from homes in which both parents lived
in the home. Subsequent regression analyses showed that fathers who worked
abroad may contribute to mother behaviors and child outcomes in certain direct
and indirect paths (Harper & Martin 2013). In 2012, Rappler did a study on
incomplete nuclear families and the site listed 10 students who were achievers in
different fields but were affected by the fact that one of their parents were away,
be a cause of a child’s mislead in life, some people give it as the main reason of
the rebellious and unclear acts of children.” Schools are established to help
students strive to soon be successful, but how can one be focused on excelling if
There are different kinds of broken family structures, but in this research, a
single-parent family is what’s focused on. Most of the families nowadays are lead
parent lives with dependent children, either or in a large household, without the
Ketteringham (2007), the single parent family is the biggest change society has
families have been present in all societies over time and should not be viewed as
Generalizations are very common nowadays; that most people say that
students from broken family structures really get affected by their situation, but
that does not imply anything at all, since there are students who consider such
2015). She might as well said that experiencing being in a broken family might as
well have positive effects. She enumerated these positive effects, people from
broken families are: much stronger, easier to forgive, most loyal and etc…
But some children or people do get affected and this is inevitable. Doughty
(2008) stated in Daily Mail, that children from broken families have a higher
mental troubles.
The Social Bond theory suggests that social bonds promote socializing
with other people and promote conformity as well. Due to not socializing well
people who need guidance thus needs to have two parents in order to fit in.
Children who are raised in broken homes where one of their biological
parents is missing tend to be more hard-headed and tend to fail more in class
24
children raised in intact families where both biological parents are present. Since
support, guidance and etc… are needed and aren’t enough in some cases.
But this all depends on the person in the first place, because it is their
choice whether or not to really grasp the idea of being affected by the situation,
since it is possible indeed, to make the situation a motivation in life and make it a
parents are not in good terms and have lost hope on restoring the relationship,
research design was adopted with the sample consisting of 200 students and
teachers drawn from ten randomly selected secondary schools in Esan West
Local Government Area, Edo State Nigeria. The results showed that there were
school students from broken homes and unbroken homes. There is no significant
students especially those that are from single-parent families or broken homes to
enable them overcome their emotional concerns. Implications of the findings for
the parents and the school counselors were highlighted. It was implicated that
although society tags children from broken families as victims and are the
“affected,” this study proved it wrong since it showed that there are no effects.
Sawhill (2014) said that not all people who are raised by single-parent
families are affected, because he believed that some do not. He included that not
all suffer these outcomes, although as they age, they might inquire to their
parents on why they’re living alone or even make themselves realize it alone. In
other words, this study proved that not all those who have separated parents are
affected.
On the other hand, Fagan (1992) said that the journey toward having a
secure income can be derailed by the choices of children who are growing up
make, such as dropping out of school or getting pregnant before marriage. These
are the choices made by, clearly, the child who got affected. With no proper care
and treatment, as time passes by, one parent can’t handle the child anymore
thus, letting him or her do anything they desire. In addition, he also mentioned
that broken families earn less and experience lower levels of educational
achievement. Worse case is, if they pass the prospect of incomes and family
In this case, these families were once nuclear families, but then turned out
to be broken, because one parent departed. There are two common deaths:
sudden and anticipated deaths. Sudden death is when someone dies without the
knowledge that it is possible and that it can happen anytime, while anticipated
death is when someone dies with the knowledge that it is possible to and can
happen anytime.
Hope ad Hodge (2006) reported that children cope better with death, if the
death is anticipated, rather than a sudden tragic. This means that there would be
less chance of being affected if one knows that it can, might and will happen. In
academic performance context, if one parent died, if the student knew and saw it
coming, then it wouldn’t reflect much on the academic performance. But, on the
hand, if the student did not know that one of his/her parent died, he/she would be
greatly affected.
grief is chronological age and developmental level, meaning there are different
ways of coping up with the situation, depending on the age. Surely, children
death and grief in various ways depending mainly on their cognitive function, but
as they age, they will be experiencing doubt on why they only have one parent
and not as the society prefers to have, which is having two. This study figured out
27
that again, children do not get affected, but as they age, they do get affected
On the other hand, parental death hands out effects in different contexts.
Poor educational outcomes may initiate processes that lead to other kinds of
in the last paragraph, children do not get affected much, but as they age, they do
various reasons.
realize things, and if one is the loss of a parent, in this study it explained that if
children are raised before in a very good environment, then it won’t be a hard
time for the remaining parent to take care, since the children can already
national agenda, with educators and policy makers putting effort in testing,
accountability and other related concerns.” Maiyo (2009) believes that evaluation
the researchers intend to get the final average grade of the students randomly
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
the study.
RESEARCH DESIGN
In this research, the researchers will use the descriptive type of research
design. According to Raagas (2010) the descriptive research design deals with
addition, it states in Raagas’ book that “it is primarily concerned with the present,”
this serves as an advantage for the researchers since family structures play a big
population according to year level (grades 11 and 12) and hopefully as this
research progress; the researchers can be able to identify the students according
to their family structure. This research will only describe the phenomenon on the
involved.
30
RESEARCH SETTING
The research setting is the environment within which studies are run. This
established in 1975 by Dr. Alfonso Del Fierro Jr. and his wife, Mrs. Corazon Del
Fierro, which they both called “Little School House.” Years passed and in 2016,
the school accepted students for senior high school for the school year 2016-
2017. It is currently run by Mr. Michael V. Leuterio. The mission of the school is
to make visible God’s love and message to all members of the Body of Christ.
The school’s vision is for the Corpus Christian upon graduation from high school:
(1) is motivated by Christian values and ideals; (2) is imbued with love for
country; (3) is committed to leading, serving, and working with others; (4)
The study will take place in the said school since the respondents of the research
are students.
31
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
The target population of this research is the Senior High Students of Corpus
Using Cochran’s sample size formula, from 292 students (population) its
quotient is 166. If the anticipated return rate is 90% then the quotient will be 185
students and it will serve as the final sample size. (Please refer to the
calculations below)
1.962 (.5)(.5)
n0 =
.052
384
n1 = 384 = 166
(1+ )
292
166
Final Sample Size= = 185
0.9
32
groups namely; grades 11 and 12. Then by using Cochran’s sample size formula
the final sample size was computed (refer to calculations). Lastly, the simple
random sampling technique will be used, in which the researchers will randomly
select the students depending on how many students will they pick for each
section, this is done so that all of the sample will be given an equal probability of
being selected.
33
the sample of this research, the Senior High School students of Corpus Christi
scale, which refers to a nominal scale comprising of binary items that assume
one of two possible values. In this case, respondents will be asked to put a check
mark on the choices (yes or no), although there are instances wherein specific
(Refer to appendix A). The researcher-made questionnaire will only give the
researchers the data on what family structure that particular student is part of.
researchers will hand out letters of consent to the principal, parents and students,
asking for their permission to allow the researchers to gain information on the
students’ grade.
34
instrument is very important. To make sure that it is valid and reliable, the
researchers will do a pilot test and to make sure it is internally consistent, the
Cronbach Coefficient alpha will be computed. A pilot test, according to 2lti is, “a
small-scale trial where a few examinees take the test and comment on the
mechanics of the test,” the examinees will point out the errors they see in the
is, “a measure of internal consistency that is, how closely related a set of items
Leuterio, to the parents of the students and the students as well. The letters of
consent were made in order to ask for consent or permission from the different
people, if they allow the researchers to make them part of the study by asking for
their general average grade. In this research, one instrument used in order to
gather data is a questionnaire, and this instrument will be handed out in the
SCORING GUIDELINE
For the dependent variable, the researchers will measure the respondents’
STATISTICAL TREATMENT
correlation. Profiling will be measured with the use of percentage, mean, and
according to their profile, whether the student was mainly from an intact or
broken family structure or from other types of family structure. In addition, the two
main family structure - intact and broken, were then classified as advanced,
from their academic performance within that term. A point-biserial correlation was
run since the dependent variable (Family Structures) was dichotomous in the
case of this research – which may either be only intact or broken. The
This chapter presents, analyzes, and interprets the data gathered. The
findings of the study are presented based on the sequence of problems stated in
Chapter 1.
PROBLEM 1
Problem 1. What is the profile of the student-respondents in terms of:
1. 1 Family Structure
their family structure. As to family structure, there were more students coming
from the intact type of family structure (62.16%) than students from the broken
family structure (14.59%); students from the extended nuclear type of family
structure, those who lived alone, etc… were put to others (23.24%). Peter Nato’s
study done in 2016 had the same result as to this, there were more students from
the nuclear type of intact family structure than of those from the single-parent
PROBLEM 2
Problem 2. What is the level of the student-respondents’ academic performance
(General Average of the final term- first semester) in terms of Family Structure:
Table 2.1 shows the general average grade for the final term of the first
semester of Senior High School students from the Intact Family Structure
specifically the Nuclear type. Most of the students were categorized as Advanced
(0.87%). In 2008, Jeynes proved with his study that when a student is from an
intact family, a positive impact is shared, thus based from the table below, most
Table 2.2 shows the general average grade for the final term of the first
semester of Senior High School students from the Broken Family Structure
specifically for Single-Parenting due to some factors, most of the students were
40
concluded that single parenthood had a negative relationship with the academic
performance of the children, prior to the results below, it showed that there are
still students who are affected by the current structure they are in.
PROBLEM 3
Sample Characteristics
A visual inspection of the their histograms, normal Q-Q plots and box plots
(found in the appendix E) showed that the grades were approximately normally
distributed for both samples, with a skewness of -1.14 (SE 0.226) and kurtosis of
1.56 (SE=0.447) for Intact Family Structure and a skewness of -0.35 (SE=0.448)
and a kurtosis of -0.56 (SE=0.872) for Broken Family Structure (Cramer, 1998;
Cramer & Howitt, 2004; Doane & Seward, 2011).A Levene’s test verified the
41
Bridgmon, 2012).
family structures?
This research sought to find out whether to accept or reject either the null
family structures and academic performance, or, accept or reject the alternative
determine the relationship between two variables: which in this case are family
to measure the strength and direction of the connection that existed between one
(which may either be: intact or broken). This resulted a zero or no correlation
between the family structure and academic performance which was not
statistically significant (𝑟𝑝𝑏 = 0.002; 𝑛 = 142 , 𝑝 = 0.980), this suggested that the
relationship was not seen between the variables mentioned. This signified that
the two variables, family structures and academic performances, had no linear
dependency, which meant that Family Structure was not a listed factor; however,
there might be other factors that may affect the academic performance of Senior
Correlations
Grades Family Structure
SUMMARY
The research was titled “The Relationship between Family Structures and
Campus.
This study seek answers for the following research questions: First, what
Broken Family Structure)? Second, what was the level of the respondents’
academic performance (General Average of the final term of the first semester) in
performance?
with the relationships between variables and the testing of the hypotheses. This
type of research design was employed due to it being primarily concerned with
44
Performance.
(ILB) period, during recess or lunch break. The questionnaires were of a binary
scale type, which refers to a nominal scale comprising of binary items that
assume one of two possible values, in this case – either intact or broken family
structure.
The statistical treatments used were the descriptive treatment and point-
features of the research which provided the summaries for the matter – for
run since the dependent variable only yielded to two answers: intact or broken.
FINDINGS
Structure?
out of the 185 students: 115 (62.16%) students were from the Intact
(general average of the final term of the first semester) in terms of Family
Structure?
Since the ‘others’ section found on table 1.1 was not included in the
scope, the intact and broken family structure would be the only section
performance?
suggested that the null hypothesis was to be accepted and the alternative
46
Conclusion: The aim of this research was to know whether there was a
relationship between family structures and academic performance, and that aim
has already been reached. The following are the summary of findings: First, the
researchers found out that most students are from the Intact Family Structure:
Second, the researchers found out that although the students from the Intact
Family Structure were expected to have high grades and students from the
Broken Family Structure were expected to have low grades, a few students from
the Intact Family Structure actually had very low final grades, on the other hand,
it is noted in this particular situation that the stated belief above is insignificant
nowadays, since some students from the Broken Family Structure performed
academically better than students from the Intact Family Structure, this supports
Apia & Olutola’s study done in 2007. Third, both the test and the grades reflected
Implications: The findings mentioned above implied that it did not matter
what family structure you belonged in, if you were determined, a hard worker and
passionate of your work, the family structure you belonged in will be disregarded.
This finding could be justified by the fact that life in Broken Family Structures can
be traumatic and children brought up in such family structure often suffer some
which may hinder their academic performance, however a student from the
Broken Family Structure did not have a complete family since his mom died, but
he strived to give his best and his academic performance was quite high. On the
other hand, in most cases, students were raised in Intact Family Structures were
often stable emotionally and they suffered less emotional problems thereby
RECOMMENDATIONS
different family structures, aside from the two main structures – intact
be able to know that if one comes from this structure then one must act
one talks were to be done, for sure not all students would be catered
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58
APPENDICES
Appendix A - Questionnaire
Name:_______________________________
Year Level: 11
12
Strand: STEM
ABM
HUMSS
GAS
Instructions: Please put a check mark ( ) on the choices that may apply to you. Please
answer this as honestly as possible.
YES NO
1. Are both of your parents still alive? (if yes: continue answering ; if no:
stop answering)
2. Do you live with both of your parents? (if yes: go to no. 4 ; if no: continue
answering)
3. Do you live with one of your parents? (if yes: continue answering ; if no:
stop answering)
4. Are your relatives living with you and your parent/s? (if yes: stop
answering ; if no: skip no. 5)
5. Are both of your parents present all the time? (if yes: stop answering ; if
no: continue answering)
6. Is one of your parent/s an (OFW) or is working far away? (if yes: stop
answering ; if no: continue answering)
7. Are your parents separated or divorced? (if yes/ no: stop answering)
Appendix B1 – Principal
60
Appendix B3 - Student
62
CALCULATIONS:
1.962 (.5)(.5)
n0 =
.052
384
n1 = 384 = 166
(1+ )
292
166
Final Sample Size: = 185
0.9
63
11-T Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
11-S Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
11-H Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 27
11-G Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 22
67
11-A Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 26
12-A Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 23
69
12-B Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
12-G Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 24
71
12-H Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 32
12-S Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
12-T Macasandig
MALE
FEMALE
TOTAL: 34
Levene
df1 df2 Sig.
Statistic
Based on trimmed
2.049 1 140 .155
mean
Correlations
N 142 142
N 142 142
76
77
DESCRIPTIVES
Family Structure Statist Std.
ic Error
Grad Intact Family Mean 86.56 .482
es Structure 95% Confidence Lower 85.60
Interval for Mean Bound
Upper 87.51
Bound
5% Trimmed Mean 86.69
Median 86.00
Variance 26.74
5
Std. Deviation 5.172
Minimum 71
Maximum 96
Range 25
Interquartile Range 8
Skewness -.258 .226
Kurtosis -.692 .447
Broken Family Mean 86.58 .880
Structure 95% Confidence Lower 84.78
Interval for Mean Bound
Upper 88.39
Bound
5% Trimmed Mean 86.62
Median 87.00
Variance 20.90
9
Std. Deviation 4.573
Minimum 78
Maximum 95
Range 17
Interquartile Range 5
Skewness -.155 .448
Kurtosis -.490 .872
78
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL DATA
Age: 17
Date of Birth: July 12, 2000
Place of Birth: Cagayan de Oro City
Home Address: Phase 1 Block 16 Lot 2, Villa Trinitas Subd. Bugo, Cagayan de
Oro City
Parents’ Name: Eduardo N. Beley
Ludivina Ana V. Beley
EDUCATION
Completed four years in Junior High School at Corpus Christi School.
Moving Up Ceremony Date: March 2016.
Chazz.mayo@gmail,com
09173378607
PERSONAL DATA
Age: 19
Arlene M. Mayo
EDUCATION
Studying Humanities and Social Sciences in Senior High school at Corpus Christi
School.
Social Sciences
Philosophy
PERSONAL DATA
Age:19
Date of Birth: July 3,1998
Place of Birth: Puntod San roque
Home Address: Xavier Heights Upper Balulang Blk 4 Lot 10
Cagayan de Oro City
Parents’ Name Renante M. Salcedo
Alma Q. Constantino
EDUCATION
Completed four years in Junior High School at Misamis Oriental General
Comprehensive High School.
Moving Up Ceremony Date: March 2016.
Studying Humanities and Social Sciences in Senior High school at Corpus Christi
School.
83
Academic Writing
Literature
Social Sciences
Philosophy
Politics and Governance
84
09262109269
PERSONAL DATA
AGE: 17
Home Address: B-10, L-7 Melecia Homes Subd., Upper Macasandig, Cagayan
de Oro
Florita C. Villegas
EDUCATION
Studying Humanities and Social Sciences in Senior High school at Corpus Christi
School.
Creative Writing
AWARDS