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Adjacency Pairs2
Adjacency Pairs2
A Paper
Completed to Fulfil the Requirement of the Task of
“Data Analysis”
Presented by:
Achmad Alfarezi (1823042025)
B. Adjacency Pairs
Adjacency pairs are unit of conversation analysis that is composed by two speakers that
make a conversation which is first speaker will provide a question and second speaker will
respond it. According to Yule (1996), beside the different style, many speakers have their
own ways to make conversation. Most speakers seem to find a way to cope with the
everyday business of social interaction. They are certainly helped in this process by the
fact that there are many almost automatic patterns in the structure of conversation. Some
clear examples are the greetings and goodbyes shown in examples below [1-3]:
1. Anna : Hello. (first part)
Olaf : Hi. (second part)
2. Anna : How are you? (first part)
Olaf : Fine. (second part)
3. Anna : See you. (first part)
Olaf : Bye. (second part)
These automatic sequences are called adjacency pairs. They always consist of a first part
and a second part, produced by different speakers. The utterance of a first part
immediately creates an expectation of the utterance of a second part of the same pair.
Failure to produce the second part in response will be treated as a significant absence and
hence meaningful. There is substantial variation in the forms which are used to fill the slots
in adjacency pairs, as shown in [4], but there must always be two parts.
4. First Part Second Part
A: What's up? B: Nothing much.
A: How's it going? B: Just hanging in there.
A: How are things? B: The usual.
A: How are you doing? B: Can't complain.
The examples in [4] are typically found in the opening sequences of a conversation.
“Sorry” he grunted
1
“Don’t be sorry”
“Why”
2
“Funny stuff on the news”
“So?”
“Well, I just thought
3 maybe… it was something
to do with…. you know….
her crowd”
“Their son… he’d be about
Dudley’s age now,
4
wouldn’t he?”
“I Suppose so,”
“What’s his name again?
Howard isn’t it?”
5
“Harry. Nasty, common
name.”
“Harry. Nasty, common
6 name. If you ask me.”
“Oh, yes. I quite agree”
“How did you know it was
me”
7 “My dear professor, I have
never seen a cat sit so
stiffly.”
“You’d be stiff if you’d
8 seen sitting on a brick wall
all day”
“All day? When you could
have been celebrating? I
must have passed a dozen
feasts and parties on my
way here.”
“You can’t blame them”
9
“I know that”
“A what”
10
“A lemon drop”
“I have never seen any
reason to be frightened of
11
saying Voldemort’s name.”
“I know you haven’t”
“But you’re different.
Everyone knows you’re the
only one You-Know- oh,
all right, Voldemort,
was frightened of.”
12
“You flatter me,” said
Dumbledore calmly.
“Voldemort had powers I
will never have.”
“What they’re saying,” she
pressed on, “is that last
night Voldemort turned up
in Godric’s
Hollow. He went to find the
Potters. The rumor is that
13 Lily and James Potter are
— are — that
they’re — dead.”
“Even if I could, I
wouldn’t. Scars can come
21 in handy. I have one myself
above my left knee that
is a perfect map of the
London Underground. Well
— give him here, Hagrid
— we’d better get
this over with.”
“Yeah,” said Hagrid in a
very muffled voice, "I best
get this bike away. G’night,
Professor
McGonagall — Professor
Dumbledore, sir.”
22
Wiping his streaming
eyes on his jacket sleeve,
Hagrid swung himself onto
the motorcycle and
kicked the engine into life;
with a roar it rose into the
air and off into the night.
No. Types Number
Call-Response
Greeting-Greeting 1
Degreeting-Degreeting
Question-Answer 11
Telling-Accept 4
Thanking-Response
Request-Acceptance
Offer-Acceptance 1
Complaint-Excuse 1
Inform-Acknowledge 4
Compliment-Acceptance