SIEMENS 05 Application Manual For Hospitals
SIEMENS 05 Application Manual For Hospitals
Application Models
for Power Distribution
Hospitals
siemens.com/tip-cs
Contents
Vital and Cost-effective – 5 Usage-specific Power Supply Design 62
Integrated Power Supply in Hospitals 4 5.1 Central Technical Systems 64
5.2 Usage-specific Installations 66
1 Trends and Categorisation in Hospital Planning 8
5.3 Specific Power Demand for Room Groups 76
1.1 Definition 8
1.2 Statistics and Trends 8 6 Model Networks for SIMARIS design 80
1.3 Development in Demand 13 6.1 Examples of Infeed Network Structures 80
1.4 Categorisation 14 6.2 Equivalent Impedance
for IT Isolating Transformer 84
2 Basic Planning Considerations 18
6.3 Ward Distribution Examples 86
2.1 Architectural and Work Planning Factors
Underlying Electric Power Distribution 19 7
Designing and Configuring
2.2 Estimation of Space Requirements 22 the Main Components of Electric Power
Distribution Systems 90
3 Experience in Electrical Energy 7.1 GEAFOL Distribution Transformers 91
and Power Demand 30
7.2 Medium-voltage Switchgear 92
3.1 Energy Consumption 32 7.3 Low-voltage Switchgear 94
3.2 Electric Power Demand for a Hospital 34 7.4 Distribution Boards 96
7.5 Busbar Trunking Systems 97
4 Structuring of Hospital Power Supply 40
4.1 Structure of Power Distribution in a Hospital 8 Annex 100
and Estimation of Power Demand for Individual
8.1 List of Standards Cited 100
Functional Areas 40
8.2 Lighting Specifications for Rooms
4.2 Grouping of Hospital Areas with Regard to the
in Hospitals According to DIN 5035-3 104
Operation of Medical Electrical Equipment and
8.3 List of Abbreviations 106
Associated Hazards 42
8.4 Literature References 110
4.3 Classification by Permissible Changeover Period
to a Power Supply for Safety Purposes 45
4.4 Protection Requirements in
Hospital Power Supply 47 Publisher’s details 112
4.5 Schematic of a Power Supply Structure
in a Hospital 50
Hospitals nowadays are subject to the increasing cost From a hospital to a health centre
pressure in the healthcare sector. Yet at the same time,
capital investment in innovative medical technology and The demands on hospitals are becoming ever more
infrastructure is essential. That is why cost-efficient opera- complex:
tion is at the focus of efforts, though of course not to the • Overarching concepts covering different medical
detriment of medical quality. The conflicting aims of opti- disciplines as well as outpatient, inpatient, and partial-
mizing operating costs and maintaining absolute availabil- inpatient care structures have to be integrated
ity of the medical equipment pose new challenges to • Specialist staff need to be provided with optimum
hospital managers. support in their day-to-day work by suitable infrastructure
• Patients need to feel like customers – and be treated with
the same respect
kw
Management
level MES
(Manufacturing
execution systems)
Operation
level
Control
level
Field
level
4 Totally Integrated Power – Vital and Cost-effective – Integrated Power Supply in Hospitals
• Environmental pollution needs to be minimized by careful Totally Integrated Power (TIP) – incorporating comprehen-
use of resources sive, cost-efficient, safe power distribution in buildings –
• Unused buildings on hospital sites have to be provides the necessary future-proofing and flexibility based
reconfigured for future usage, for example, as: on reliable, optimized power supply. It also has a positive
– Doctors’
– housing effect on a hospital’s operating costs – specifically with
– Offices
– with sanitary amenities and pharmacy regard to the wide-ranging medical equipment that has to
– Wellness
– centres or spas be powered reliably and cost-efficiently, round the clock.
Our high-end coordinated products and systems enable
– Preventative
– care centres for quick and detailed health
electric power distribution in hospitals to be fully inte-
checking
grated, ensuring optimized installation and operation. This
– Patient
– hotels forms the basis for long-term reductions in power supply
– Hospices
– and elderly care homes costs as part of the operating costs.
Enterprise
SEM level
(Sustainability and
energy management)
Management
level
Automation
level
Field
level
Totally Integrated Power – Vital and Cost-effective – Integrated Power Supply in Hospitals 5
TIP offers tools and support for planning and configuration,
a complete coordinated portfolio of products and systems
for electric power distribution, as well as the ability to
interface with higher-level control, monitoring, and man-
agement systems. By the linkage to Totally Integrated
Automation (TIA) and Total Building Solutions (TBS), as
shown schematically in the diagram, Siemens is pursuing
an all-embracing approach for buildings and infrastructure
systems. TIP also links to the Siemens Smart Grid solutions,
and so to grid companies and distributors.
6 Totally Integrated Power – Vital and Cost-effective – Integrated Power Supply in Hospitals
Chapter 1
Trends and Categorisation
in Hospital Planning
1.1 Definition 8
1.2 Statistics and Trends 8
1.3 Development in Demand 13
1.4 Categorisation 14
1 Trends and Categorisation
in Hospital Planning
This Application Manual relates to the planning of electric Germany’s Hospital Financing Act (“KHG”, section 2,
power distribution systems for hospitals. Some basic infor- clause 1) [2] similarly defines a hospital (“Krankenhaus”) as:
mation is provided initially for the sake of greater
understanding. “An institution which provides medical and nursing services
to diagnose, cure, or mitigate illnesses, conditions, or
physical injuries, or provides maternity services, in which
patients are accommodated and catered for.”
1.1 Definition
France
16
Germany
Netherlands
14
Switzerland
Austria
12
1
% of GDP
Canada
Belgium
10
Portugal
Spain
8
Italy
United Kingdom
6
Turkey
TIP05_15_001_EN
4
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Fig. 1/1: Trend in healthcare expenditure of individual countries as a percentage of GDP [3]
10 Germany
9 Austria
France
Hospital beds per 1,000 head of population
8
Belgium
7 Switzerland
Netherlands
6
Italy
5
Portugal
4 Spain
USA
3
United Kingdom
2 Canada
Turkey
1
TIP05_15_002_EN
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Fig. 1/2: Trend in healthcare expenditure of individual countries referred to the number of hospital beds per head of population [3]
14 Switzerland
Germany
12 France
Portugal
10
Average days’ stay in hospital
Belgium
Italy
8
Austria
Spain
6
United Kingdom
USA
4
Turkey
2
TIP05_15_003_EN
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Fig. 1/3: Duration of patient stay in hospital for various countries [3]
Italy
CT scanners per million head of population
25 Switzerland
Austria
Germany
20
Portugal
15
Spain
Canada
1
Belgium
10 Netherlands
France
TIP05_15_004_EN
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Fig. 1/4: Numbers of imaging systems in hospitals [3]: computer tomography (CT) scanners
30 Switzerland
Italy
MR scanners per million head of population
25 Netherlands
Belgium
Germany
20
Austria
Spain
15
Canada
Portugal
10 France
5
TIP05_15_005_EN
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Fig. 1/5: Numbers of imaging systems in hospitals [3]: magnetic resonance (MR) scanners
Switzerland
PET scanners per million head of population
5 Belgium
Italy
Austria
4
Germany
1 3
Spain
Canada
France
TIP05_15_006_EN
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Fig. 1/6: Numbers of imaging systems in hospitals [3]: positron emission tomography (PET) scanners
18 Belgium
France
16
Radiotherapy units per million head of population
Switzerland
14 Italy
Germany
12
Austria
10 Spain
2
TIP05_15_007_EN
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
The industrial nations are still benefiting from the develop- 1978–1999 1,300 62
ment of well-functioning healthcare systems in past years, 2000–2010 350 35
and today are at risk of suffering an investment backlog, Total 3,350
with little construction being undertaken (the construction Tab. 1/1: Age structure of hospital buildings in Germany as per [6]
boom in Germany ended sometime around the mid-
1980s). Another factor is that the shift in population be-
tween urban and rural areas might lead to more concentra-
tion of medical services in specialist centres – like hospitals,
in fact. In the widely privatized healthcare system in the
Netherlands, for example, it is clear to see that ever closer
links are being forged between health insurance funds and
hospital operators against the background of a need to
optimize costs, service demand, and service performance
in the system.
The starting points for planning are the various require- C Target/actual comparison
ments of the different hospital “users”, such as patients, 1) Cross-check of framework program against available
visitors, doctors, nurses, administrators, service providers, primary areas
utility providers, operators, and investors. They have to be 2) Assessment of discrepancies
harmonized with the underlying functional conditions and 3) Recommendations for the primary areas to be planned
translated into a kind of design and outfitting program:
D Development of goal planning with variants
Planning assumptions –> Functional conditions –> Design
program –> Outfitting program 1) Full-scale schematic plan
2) Breakdown into construction phases
The results can be used, for example, to implement the 3) Assessment of variants
planning steps stipulated by the German Fee Code for 4) Recommendation for further planning
Architects and Engineers (HOAI) or the service provision 5) Rough cost estimate
model “SIA 112” of the Swiss Engineers and Architects
Association (SIA): preliminary planning and surveys, fol- Factors to be considered for optimum preliminary planning:
2
lowed by design and project planning. • Forecast medium- and long-term trends in hospital
operations and demographic effects (from which are
To that end, supplementary sheet 4 to the German stand- derived aspects of change over time, such as upgrades,
ard DIN 13080 stipulates four planning stages as the start- extensions, or remodelling)
ing point for preliminary planning and surveys: • Material and people flows in hospital operations (for
example, visitor routes, bed transport, patient transport,
A Review and appraisal of current status utilities, and waste disposal)
• Functional interdependencies (for example, delivery,
1) Medical tasks preparation and waste disposal of food, drugs, or sterile
2) Organisation (services, processes, personnel, equip- products)
ment, etc.) • Needs-based variability (for example, variation between
3) Functional relationships (allocation of functional areas general care, intensive care, and treatment)
and departments) • Specific local conditions including
4) Areas (primary areas, circulation areas, functional – Cultural
– constraints
areas) – Technical
– conditions
5) Structural condition (buildings, exterior installations, – Patient
– and visitor behaviour (more privatisation
building systems, medical equipment) promotes viewing of patients/visitors as customers)
6) Underlying conditions (urban planning, organisational,
– Requirements
– of a specific medical facility and the
legal, financial, health policy framework, etc.)
clinic personnel (competition for good specialist staff)
– Special
– features and requirements of the surrounding
B Goal setting area (for example, neighbourhoods, utility
1) Medical goals infrastructure, transport links)
2) Outline organisational structure – Underlying
– conditions for processes and procedures
3) Creation of a framework program (broken down by (for example, health and safety legislation)
department)
4) Determination of required capacities
2
of the different areas must be taken into account in plan- (functional areas)
ning. A further factor to consider is that a wide range of – Circulation areas (road No colour coding
different medical tasks have to be performed. Moreover, and path construction
planning must also incorporate a range of supporting tasks and safety installations)
for staff, patients, and visitors, and the electric power Tab. 2/1: Identification of functional areas according to DIN 13080
needed to run them. All these functional elements are
structured in Fig. 2/1, and must be adapted in outline
planning to take account of local circumstances. Consolida-
tion into eight key groups and colour-coding of the func-
tional areas according to the German standard DIN 13080 The classifications in Fig. 2/1 and Tab. 2/1 differ essentially
(Tab. 2/1) aids the appraisal process and planning of areas. in the supporting functions; that is to say, the medical-tech-
By now at the latest – that is to say, at a very early stage in nical and people-serving technical functions in Fig. 2/1 are
the planning process – the functionality and architectural covered in Tab. 2/1 by the social services, utilities, and
design must be harmonized. circulation areas.
Hospital functions
2
desired technical installations and equipment, as well as
2.1.3 Assignment of Areas and Operational
energy and environmental aspects in all planning proce-
dures. The commissioning parties, medical-technical man-
Organisation
agers, architects, and the various departmental planners A graphical hospital layout indicating the architectural
must take sufficient time to agree and document relevant constraints and functional requirements can aid optimisa-
specifications. In view of those demands, especially, this tion of the aforementioned criteria, and serve as the basis
application manual sets forth the methods which electrical for electric power distribution. Supplementary sheet 4 to
planners can employ on the basis of requirement estimates DIN 13080 graphically represents the development of a
of differing levels of detailing. The complexity of hospital multi-storey hospital building. The functional areas are
planning entails widely varying depths of analysis, so that colour-coded (Tab. 2/2).
TIP05_15_010
Confinement/
post-natal
service service
supply service
Gen. care Intensive Gen. care Intensive Gen. care Gen. care 2
Intensive
Lab Lab
Endoscopy Doctor Endoscopy Doctor Endoscopy
1st floor
Gen. care Gen. care Gen. care Gen. care Gen. care Gen. care
General care
Service Service
Ground floor
Accident
Entrance Emergency Entrance Accident care Entrance care
Infection Gen. care Gen. care Doctor Gen. care Geriatrics Doctor service
service
Day clinic
Food supply Staff cafeteria Food supply Staff cafeteria Food supply
Incoming
preparation preparation Technical equipment preparation deliveries
Store
TIP05_15_011_EN
Tab. 2/2: Simple ground plans by way of example for various planning phases in remodelling and extension of a hospital
This overview of the individual construction phases helps the total number of beds in the hospital by approximately
with further planning. 30 %. In this, it also becomes clear that general changes
occur to the various functional areas in the hospital, and
In the example from supplementary sheet 4 to the German also that demographic and medical trends need to be
standard DIN 13080, it is assumed for planning purposes considered.
that the additions in each building segment will increase
The individual fields in Tab. 2/2 show the two-stage devel- For the relationship between the number of beds in the
2
opment process for each floor of a hospital, with restructur- hospital and the net or gross floor area, only an approxima-
ing of the specialist departments in every stage. Tab. 2/3 tion of a unified approach is given, as the numbers of
sets out the number of patient beds entailed by the various parameters are practically infinite. A range of publications
development stages by way of example. This of course also and studies make clear that the relationship depends
entails changes to medical treatment, medical-technical heavily on the specified purpose of the hospital, and on the
functions, and people-serving technical functions. Based on planned comfort levels for patients, staff, and visitors.
this knowledge, planners must consider the necessary
variability and upgradeability of products and systems, so The following specifies a link between hospital areas and
as to enable optimum planning in line with the develop- care beds from the representation of hospital development
ment of the building and its technical usage. stages set out in DIN 13080. To do so, the areas of the
ground plans in Tab. 2/2 are roughly evaluated and total-
ized for the functional areas as per Tab. 2/1. Fig. 2/3 illus-
trates the breakdown of the various areas based on the size
of the windows.
Number of beds
Existing 1st con- Planning
struction goal
phase
General care 150 190 224
Intensive care unit 6 6 12
Infectious diseases ward 10 0 0
Confinement beds 0 26 25
Day-clinic 0 0 18
Geriatric ward 0 0 20
Total number of beds 166 222 299
2
technical area (RTA)
Unrestricted
Unrestricted
Unrestricted
Restricted
Restricted
Restricted
Restricted
TIP05_15_012_EN
7.3 %
7.7 % 8.2 % 26.7 % 7.2 %
31.4 %
2.2 % 1.0 % 2.7 % 1.6 % 2.1 % 1.2 %
2
The close match of the distribution structure with that in tional area and primary area which is unambiguous, but
Fig. 2/3 is identifiable. only that between functional area and the sum of primary
area and amenity area. Nor is there any simple correlation
As a further comparison, Fig. 2/5 plots an exemplary break- of areas between DIN 277 and DIN 13080. A more detailed
down of primary areas in a hospital as per [8] in accord- breakdown is required when considering the various areas.
ance with DIN 277-2. In this, “healing and care” as per
DIN 277-2 must of course not be equated with the func-
tional areas 1 (examination and treatment) and 2 (care) as
per DIN 13080. The division of space for functional areas 1
and 2 in supplementary sheet 2 to DIN 13080 makes clear
that those functional areas are also assigned other area
components as per DIN 277-2 (for example from primary
areas PA 2 and PA 7 in Fig. 2/5).
1st construction
Existing Planning goal
phase
Number of beds 166 222 299
Functional area
Areas per bed in m2 1 16.3 21.5 19.1
2 25.1 22.5 25.3
3 0.8 1.4 1.0
4 1.8 2.3 1.7
5 6.5 6.9 5.8
TA 6.2 5.4 3.9
CA 28.0 24.4 23.8
Total 84.8 84.5 80.4
Tab. 2/5: Specific areas per bed for the various functional areas as per DIN 13080
TIP05_15_014_EN
2: Care
Circulation areas (approx. 25 %) 22.26 Technical
3: Administration equipment
Total 88.05
Circulation areas
Fig. 2/4: Area breakdown for hospitals with up to 100 beds according to IS 12433-2 (Indian standard) and implementation based on
functional areas as per DIN 13080
PA 3: Production,
manual and machine working, PA 4: Storage,
experimentation distribution, selling
8% 8%
PA 2: Office work PA 5: Education, Bed room
11 % training, culture with special
1% Room with outfitting
PA 1: Residential general medical 7%
and leisure outfitting
4% 29 %
Technical 6% 5%
function areas
11 % Radiotherapy room
1%
Fig. 2/5: Area breakdown of a university hospital [8] based on the classification in DIN 277-2
Specific area
Country Beds Features, types Reference
in m2 per bed (GFA)
2
Taiwan 900 86 Medical centre, Taipei City [11]
300 80
With factor GFA/NFA = 1.7
50–800 80–255 [12]
1,000–3,200 500 For university hospitals, with factor GFA/NFA = 1.7
Germany
Not cited 65–83.92 [13]
Span for 13 hospitals in Hesse,
66–1,092 71.5–130.3 with factor GFA/PA = 1.706 minimum [14]
and GFA/PA = 1.894 maximum from [13]
USA 220 169 [15]
Canada 200 250 [16]
up to 250 20–100
Austria [17]
above 250 30–137.5
France 45–631 90–217 [18]
United Kingdom 68–600 39–159 [18]
1) For breakdown of areas see Fig. 2/6
Tab. 2/6: Figures from literature for bed-specific area requirement in hospitals
250
Area requirement in m2 per bed
200
150
2
100
50
0
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
Number of beds
Legend:
Fig. 2/6: Area requirement per bed according to figures from Tab. 2/5, Tab. 2/6, and references from Tab. 2/6
Hospitals
600
400
Office buildings
200
Hospitals are among
the most complex
building types. Their
100 operating costs are much
Investment
TIP05_15_017_EN
Imple-
tation
men-
Fig. 3/1: Schematic comparison of operating costs between hospitals and other facility types
Energy
1.4 %
Personnel costs
52 %
Imputed investment
capital costs
10.6 %
Levies, contributions,
fees and other costs
10.4 %
TIP05_15_018_EN
Medical durables
and consumables
13.1 %
Motorized beds
Room heating
Other electrical
Medical-technical equipment
equipment
X-ray/
ultrasound machines
Lighting
Bed lifts
Office
equipment
Fuels Electricity
Passenger lifts
Cold stores,
chillers
Ventilation
Dishwashers
Washing machines,
dryers
Heating pumps
Air conditioning,
TIP05_15_019_EN
splitter units
Process Emergency
Hot water
heat power diesel
3
in MWh in kWh
tronics in patients’ rooms, and much more. As a concrete per bed per year per m2 GFA per year
example, a report by the US Energy Information Adminis- Italy approx. 5.1
tration (EIA) [22] sets out the dependencies on the various Switzerland approx. 65
climate zones in the USA. The percentage of energy costs
Netherlands approx. 9.8 approx. 85
for hot water varies between 22 and 32 %, and for heating
between 16 and 42 %, depending on climate zone, mean- Belgium approx. 10.2 approx. 85
ing that the overall fluctuation in fact corresponds to a Sweden approx. 20 approx. 100
difference in energy consumption – and thus in the associ- United Kingdom approx. 105
ated energy costs – of around 50 %. As electric power is
Greece approx. 110
also required to provide heat, refrigeration, and hot water,
the electricity demand also varies correspondingly widely Canada approx. 23 approx. 335
25
20
15
10
3
5
0
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
Number of beds
Legend:
Fig. 3/4: Annual electricity consumption per patient bed dependent on the number of beds
In estimating power demand, differing depths of analysis of In the literature, there are few stipulations for electric
the hospital building structure result in three different power demand specific to hospitals (Tab. 3/2). The ones
approaches. Planners should always agree on the choice of that do exist are mostly referred to the number of beds. As
one of the following approaches with the commissioning in the case of energy consumption, therefore, the ratio of
customer: patient bed to floor area is again important for planning of
area-specific power, though particular attention must be
1. Estimation of an average specific power demand per paid to the labelling of the area (gross floor area [GFA], net
area or bed, based on the floor area of the hospital or floor area [NFA], primary area [PA], main primary area
the planned number of beds, provides an adequate [MPA], …). Consequently, Tab. 3/2 lists both values cited by
specification of peak power for pre-planning purposes. the German Local Authorities Mechanical and Electrical
Engineering Working Group (AMEV) in its brochures num-
2. To design and plan the power distribution based on ber 128 from 2015 [26] and number 98 from 2007 [27].
criteria of energy efficiency and operating conditions in a
smart building, an average power consumption and a The transition from main primary area (in German “Haupt-
peak factor are determined from the load profile. With nutzfläche”/“HNF”) to net floor area NFA (in German “Netto-
the desired power reserve, planners can dimension grundfläche”/“NGF”) in the AMEV brochures is understanda-
systems to handle the peak power levels encountered in ble, as the term “Hauptnutzfläche”/“HNF” is no longer
practice. defined in the later versions of the DIN 277 standard. The
AMEV specifications from 2007 and 2015 accordingly make
3
efficient hospital – for climate
protection and cost-cutting]
[29]
Rationelle Versorgung mit EU program Germany 2000 235 440 1.9
Strom, Wärme und Kälte im THERMIE project
Malteser-Krankenhaus no.: BU/0065/97
Kamenz [Rationalized supply
of electricity, heat, and
refrigeration at the Malteser-
Krankenhaus Kamenz] [30]
Ergebnisse eines BHS hospital Austria 2003 730 1,400 1.9
Versorgungskonzeptes für Linz
das Krankenhaus der
Barmherzigen Schwestern
Linz [Results of a supply
concept for the Krankenhaus
der Barmherzigen Schwestern
(BHS) hospital in Linz) [31]
ENERGY COSTS AND International Taiwan 2004 900 77,695 3,300 6) 42.5 3.7
CONSUMPTION IN A LARGE Journal on
ACUTE HOSPITAL [11] Architectural GFA
Science, Vol. 5,
Number 1
ENERGY EFFICIENCY Sure Solutions Canada 2006 approx. 37 1)
OPPORTUNITIES IN ONTARIO Inc. 27–56 2)
HOSPITALS [32]
HTM 06-01: Electrical services Department UK 2007 44–88 17–35 7)
supply and distribution – of Health
Part A: Design considerations MPA GFA
[33]
1) Average value
2) Value range
3) Reduction in electrical load in buildings from 900 to 730 kW through electricity-saving measures (2003)
4) Information/data in the reference by source: Energetische Untersuchung von Gebäuden im Altenheim- und Klinikbereich [Energy study of facilities in the care home
3 or area)
• Estimation of the relationship between average power
demand and peak power
a seasonal factor of 1.25 (see Fig. 3/5 e) and f)) and a
power reserve of 20 %, with an average peak factor of 1.72
provides a span of 1.3 kW per bed up to 4.0 kW per bed
(average value is 1.5 kW per bed, as the average for the
The profile’s curve form together with the average energy power consumption is 5 MWh per bed as per VDI 3807
consumption (per bed or area) enables the maximum sheet 2). This value range closely matches the data in
required power (per bed or area) to be calculated. An Tab. 3/2. For the expansion stages of the notional hospital
additional reserve should also be factored-in. Fig. 3/5 model as per DIN 13080 (Tab. 2/5), the following spans of
shows some examples of common load profiles in hospi- power demand result:
tals. Unfortunately, the European standard EN 15232, • Starting situation (166 beds):
indicating a constant load profile for hospitals over the From 216 kW to 664 kW – average: 250 kW
entire 24-hours-a-day period, does not provide a very • Expansion phase 1 (222 beds):
realistic estimation of the actual situation. From 289 kW to 888 kW – average: 333 kW
• End state (299 beds):
From 390 kW to 1,246 kW – average: 450 kW
Electric power in kW
Light blue line: inpatient hospital with
Other
all-day care
Conveyor systems Dark blue line: day clinic without beds for
Elevators
multi-day care
Kitchen
b) Daily profiles of individual hospital areas
from [24]
Lighting and
low-power consumers
c) 14-day profile from [34]
Heater motors
d) 14-day profile from [35]
Ventilation motors
e) Year profile for individual months [33]
0:00 4:00 8:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00 0:00 4:00 8:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00
Time Time
f) Year profile for individual months from [23]
c)
Electric power in kW
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
Day
Su
3
d)
Electric power in kW
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
Day
e) f)
Electric power in kW
TIP05_15_058_EN
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month Month
3 Lights NPS
Power in
W per m2
DF
Lights SPS
Power in
W per m2
DF
Wall sockets NPS
Power in
W per m2
DF
Wall sockets SPS
Power in
W per m2
DF
Med.tech.equipment NPS Med.tech.equipment SPS Building systems NPS Building systems SPS
Power in DF Power in DF Power in DF Power in DF
W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2
GFA GFA GFA GFA
Functional area
1 6–50 0.4–0.6 20–75 0.2–0.6 0–9 0.7
2 0–10 0.4–0.6 0–12 0.2–0.6 0–12
3 0–6 0–20 0.5
4 20–60
5 0–120 0.4–0.6 0–9 0.2–0.6 6–12
Technical areas 60–350 15–70 0.5
Circulation areas 1.3–12 0.5
Tab. 3/3: Empirical values for area-specific power demand and related diversity factors (DF) for the functional areas
in a hospital as per DIN 13080
The estimates of power demand previously made take Specifications for systematic classification of the different
account only roughly of the structuring, layout, different medical areas with regard to electric power supply require-
functions, and many other conditions underlying the ments are laid down in IEC 60364-7-710. One aspect given
planning of electric power distribution for a hospital. particular weight is that the classification must always be
Consequently, wide spans must be allowed for the guide made in consultation with the medical staff and the re-
values given in chapter 3. Planners do, of course, have an sponsible health and safety managers.
interest in obtaining reliable estimates based on increas-
ingly refined analysis of the safety and functional require- Early, task-specific estimation of power demand is useful to
ments and the interaction between the various systems. To concept planning. This then results in a division into power
provide an overview, the functional areas familiar from the circuits (see [36]). The general requirements for power
DIN 13080 standard can be broken down specific to task. supply to safety systems in facilities are laid down in
IEC 60364-5-56. The requirements for operating facilities,
rooms, and installations of special kinds are laid down in
the 700s series of standards, and requirements for medical
4.1 Structure of Power Distribution locations in IEC 60364-7-710.
in a Hospital and Estimation of
In accordance with this standard, special power supply and
Power Demand for Individual distribution facilities are required for medical locations in
Functional Areas hospitals, which must be integrated into a power distribu-
tion plan together with a safety power supply (such as for
According to the specific tasks and functions, hospital emergency lighting, fire extinguishing systems, fire-fight-
planning involves classification into typical wards and ing lifts) and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS; such as
departments, which also differ substantially in their outfit- for critical ICT systems). IEC 60364-7-710 allocates medical
ting and power demand. This breakdown of primary areas locations to groups and classes, and specifies correspond-
pursuant to DIN 13080 is presented in Tab. 4/1. ing requirements.
Allowable restrictions
Use of ME equipment Risk to patients Error
on use
Group 0 IEC 60364‑7‑710 • No use of applied parts No danger to life if power
of ME equipment which supply is interrupted
come into touch contact
with the patient in
normal use
DIN VDE 0100-710 • No use or No danger to life if power Shutdown of the Examinations and
Bbl1 (informative) • ME equipment with no supply is interrupted electrical system in the treatments can be
connection to the event of any single fault interrupted at any time
patient condition (fault to frame for any length of time
or earth fault) or failure
of the general supply is
permissible
DIN VDE 0107 • No use or
(not up to date) • ME equipment with no
connection to the
patient or
• ME equipment which
4 according to
accompanying
documentation is also
approved for use outside
medical locations, or ME
equipment which is
supplied solely from
integrated power
sources
ÖVE/ÖNORM • No use or
E 8007 • ME equipment which
according to
accompanying
documentation is also
approved for use outside
medical locations, or
• ME equipment which is
supplied solely from
integrated power
sources
NEN 1010‑7‑710 • No use of applied parts No danger to life if power
of ME equipment which supply is interrupted
come into touch contact
with the patient in
normal use
4
surgical operations and fault, or in case of failure interrupted and repeated
life-sustaining of the general supply, the without risk to the patient
procedures ME equipment must be
capable of keeping
running
ÖVE/ÖNORM • Network-dependent ME On occurrence of a first Examinations and
E 8007 equipment used in fault to frame, or in case treatments cannot be
surgical operations and of failure of the general interrupted and repeated
life-sustaining supply, the ME without risk to the patient
procedures equipment must be
capable of keeping
running
NEN 1010‑7‑710 • ME equipment used in An irregularity (failure) of
vital life-sustaining the power supply to ME
treatments equipment in vital life-
• An electrical conductor sustaining treatments
comes into contact with may cause danger to life
body fluid (galvanic
contact), but not as per
group 3
Group 3 NEN 1010‑7‑710 • Treatments on or in the
heart, with electrical
conductors accessible
outside the patient
(galvanic contact)
a)
4 Risk category
Clinical risk
1
Support service
2
Ambulant care and
3
Emergency care and
4
Patients in special
5
Life support or
circulation diagnostics diagnostics medical locations complex surgery
Examples Waiting areas, Consulting rooms, Medical care with Maternity delivery, Operating theatres,
service areas, labs, areas not directly occasional use of ME endoscopy, accident, intensive care areas,
offices, used for treatment equipment (only radiology, urology, isolation areas, heart
administration areas patient skin contact) pre-op, and imaging treatment, reception
rooms for MRI, CT,
PET 1), and similar
“Group allocation for Not specified Not specified 0 1 2
medical locations
according to
IEC 60364-7-710”
b)
Risk category 1 2 3 4
“Non-clinical risk and general operational risk” Business support Building services Building services Medical support
services safety and security environmental services
control
Examples Kitchen, laundry, Areas with ICT use Building systems for Areas for
shops, and such as HVAC, hot water, sterilisation, labs,
workshops administration, electricity, and physiotherapy,
reception, mailroom, energy management image analysis, and
and telephone editing
exchange
1) MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging; CT = Computer Tomograph; PET = Positron Emission Tomograph
Tab. 4/3: Risk categories (part a) for clinical, and part b) for non-clinical risk) according to British Memorandum HTM 06-01 (Part A) [33], and
for part a) classification as per IEC 60364‑7‑710
Group Class
0 1 2 ≤ 0.5 s > 0.5 s and ≤ 15 s
Massage room × × ×
Bed room × ×
Delivery room × × a) ×
4
ECG, EEG, and EHG room × ×
Endoscopy room × b) × × b)
Examination and treatment room × × ×
Urology room × b) × × b)
Radiological diagnostics and treatment room × × ×
Hydrotherapy room × ×
Physiotherapy room × ×
Anaesthesia room × × a) ×
Operating theatre × × a) ×
Pre-op room × × a) ×
Plaster room × × a) ×
Recovery room × × a) ×
Cardiac catheter room × × a) ×
Intensive care room × × a) ×
Angiography room × × a) ×
Haemodialysis room × ×
MRI room × × × ×
Nuclear medicine room × ×
Premature babies’ room × × a) ×
Interim care ward × × ×
a) Lighting and life-sustaining medical electrical equipment requiring power supply within 0.5 s or faster.
b) If not an operating theatre.
Tab. 4/4: Allocation of medical locations by group and class according to IEC 60364-7-710
4
Basic protection Fault protection
(protection without presence of faults) (protection under single fault conditions) Degree of protection
Protection by automatic
Automatic power disconnect
power disconnect
Simple isolation Protection by protective isolation
(between circuits)
Non-conductive environment Protection by non-conductive environment
Other protective measures Other protective measures Protection by other protective measures
Other enhanced protective measures
1) No allowable basic insulation for medical locations according to IEC 60364-7-710 TIP05_15_044_EN
Insulation
monitoring system
4
Temperature
sensor
Alarm panel
Transformer for
medical IT system
OT light
to distribution board
or ZSV/BSV Medical gases
Equipotential
bonding bar (EBB) Taps
and
pipes Antistatic grid
TIP05_15_045_EN
1 2 3 G BSV
3~
ZSV
Building MV
2
BSV
NPS-MD SPS-MD ZSV
NPS-SD NPS-SD SPS-SD SPS-SD
BSV
ZSV
NPS-MD SPS-MD
BSV
NPS-SD NPS-SD SPS-SD SPS-SD ZSV
4
NPS SPS BSV
LVMD
ZSV
1 2 3 G BSV
3~
MV ZSV
Building
1
NPS Normal power supply
BSV Battery-based
central power supply
system for safety BSV
services NPS-MD SPS-MD ZSV
G Generator NPS-SD NPS-SD SPS-SD SPS-SD
MD Main distribution board BSV
MV Medium-voltage ZSV
switchgear NPS-MD SPS-MD
LVMD Low-voltage BSV
main distribution board NPS-SD NPS-SD SPS-SD SPS-SD ZSV
SPS Safety power supply
SD Sub-distribution board NPS SPS BSV
LVMD
ZSV Additional safety ZSV
power supply
DGO Distribution grid 1 2 3 G
3~ BSV
operator Building MV ZSV
with M
M Measuring device
infeed
ZSV
Power sources Start M G
BSV
U<
NPS SPS (t ≤ 15s) SPS (t > 15s) SPS (t ≤ 0,5s)
4 II <U
I <U
Changeover unit
IT
>I kW
NPS load
ZSV / BSV
24 V
t < 0.5 s
TIP05_15_048_EN
Fig. 4/5: Automatic changeover of power supply for group 2 medical locations
Protective
equipotential Equipotential
bonding – bonding –
transformer generator
4
Building main distribution board
NPS SPS
L1 L1
L2 L2
L3 L3
PEN PEN
PE PE
Central Main
earthing earthing
Second point conductor Preferred
line line
II I
Sub-distribution board
NPS SPS
L1 L1
L2 L2
TIP05_15_049_EN
L3 L3
N N
PE PE
Fig. 4/6: 3-pole changeover in the building’s main distribution board, and 4-pole changeover in the sub-distribution board
power supply
source / h
Safety equipment
Fire-extinguishing water supply systems 12 15 ü ü ü ü ü
Fire-fighting lifts 8 15 ü ü ü ü ü
Lifts with control in case of fire 3 15 ü ü ü ü ü
Alarm and guidance systems 3 15 ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü a)
Smoke and heat extractor systems 3 15 ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü a)
CO alert systems 1 15 ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü a)
a) Only if separate power sources for safety equipment are not available.
Tab. 4/5: Design examples for fire protection equipment according to IEC 60364-5-56
Conductor arrangements
100
4
L1
10 cm L1 = 1,000 A e-j0°
L2 L2 = 1,000 A e-j120°
Magnetic flux density B in µT
10 cm L3 = 950 A e-j240°
L3
L1
10 cm L1 = 1,000 A e-j0° 10
L2 L2 = 1,000 A e-j120°
10 cm L3 = 1,000 A e-j240°
L3
L1
10 cm L1 = 200 A e-j0°
L2 L2 = 200 A e-j120° 1
10 cm L3 = 200 A e-j240°
L3
Interference limit ECG
L1
L1 = 1,000 A e-j0° Interference limit EEG
3c
L2 = 1,000 A e-j120°
m
3c
Fig. 4/8: EMC adequacy of cables and busbar trunking systems (interference limits for electrocardiograms (ECG), electroencephalograms
(EEG), and electromyograms (EMG) are stipulated in IEC 60364‑7‑710)
A specific supply concept must be selected and designed In accordance with the specifications of the developer and
based on usage-specific needs and the facility’s space the mandatory requirements resulting from the usage of
conditions. For the sake of greater clarity, an outline sche- the building, the power must be divided across the various
matic line diagram can initially be drawn up, in which key supply sources, such as normal power supply, safety power
functional units are linked to the various power supply lines supply and additional safety power supply, or battery-based
relevant to them in the hospital (Fig. 5/1). power supply for safety services. In designing the power
sources in a hospital, the focus cannot be placed solely on
The network structure is specified depending on the differ- high energy efficiency. Availability is of higher priority,
ent supply tasks required in a hospital. It is important to necessitating redundant configuration which in turn im-
locate the power sources as close as possible to the con- pacts on energy efficiency. Precise dimensioning, taking
sumers in order to avoid power losses in transit. into account all consumer data with their characteristic
properties within the overall operation is absolutely essen-
tial in this, as under-dimensioning can lead to malfunctions
entailing far-reaching consequences.
Building 2 Building 1
Recooling unit
4th floor Hospital ward Hospital ward Hospital ward Hospital ward
3rd floor Hospital ward Hospital ward Hospital ward Hospital ward
2nd floor Hospital ward Hospital ward Hospital ward Hospital ward
General
X-ray
Examination I Medical dept. I
Endoscopy
Busbar
Busbar
Examination II
E90 Medical dept. II
Medical dept. I
Operation
Examination III
Busbar
SPS main story distribution board NPS main story distribution board E90
BSV/ZSV main story
distribution board
NPS main story distribution board SPS main story distribution board
Administration Operation
Recreation
X-ray
Busbar
Busbar
Administration
Busbar
5
Physicians
distribution board On call room
Busbar
Reception
Intensive care
Ground floor Physicians Conference Cafeteria
Busbar
Busbar
Med. gases
Cold - Pathology
Sprinkler supply
Main distribution Main distribution board SPS Main distribution board NPS Main distribution board NPS Main distribution board SPS Main distribution
board BSV/ZSV Building 2 Building 1 board BSV/ZSV
Basement
Transformers
MD-NPS main distribution board SD-NPS sub-distribution board SD-NPS sub-distribution board SD-NPS/-SPS/-BSV/-ZSV RAS Room air system
Normal power supply Hospital ward Kitchen equipment Critical medical technology EAS Electroacoustic system
MD-SPS main distribution board SD-SPS sub-distribution board SD-NPS sub-distribution board SD-SPS/-BSV/-ZSV FAS Fire alarm system
Safety power supply Hospital ward Gas, heating, cold IT medical technology SHV Smoke and heat vents
MD-BSV/ZSV main distribution board SD-NPS sub-distribution board SD-NPS/-SPS SD-NPS/-SPS NPS busbar tap box
Battery-based/additional General area Small distribution boards Technical building systems SPS busbar tap box
safety power supply
TIP05_15_021_EN
Fig. 5/1: Schematic branch plan for a hospital with two adjacent buildings
10–30 kV
5
Intensive care rooms
OT area
Endoscopy
Other
SPS-NPS coupling
SD SD SD SD
SD MD MD
SD-UPS Sprinkler
U<
Control panel
n lines
NPS = Normal power supply BCS = Building control system U< = Voltage monitor and Fire lobbies have not been taken into
SPS = Safety power supply MD = Main distribution board changeover switch account.
= Battery LVMD = Low-voltage main distribution board ZSV = Additional safety power supply
FAC = Fire alarm control SD = Sub-distribution board BSV = Central battery-based power
AOS = Authorities, officials, SHV = Smoke and heat vents supply (DIN VDE 0558-507)
security (“TETRA“) UPS = Uninterruptible power supply z = Insulation monitor
EAS = Electroacoustic system TIP05_15_022_EN
Bus line
230 / 400 V
TIP05_15_023_EN
Actuators
(command
receivers)
With its centralized visualisation, GAMMA instabus provides Usually when a patient arrives at hospital without prior
an up-to-the-minute overview and usage-specific operator appointment, no medical diagnosis has yet been made.
control facilities for all building functions. The system is Where health problems are obvious, immediate measures
simple and user-friendly thanks to familiar switches, remote such as resuscitation or calming may be required. A special
controls, operator displays, touch panels, or a central power circuit must be provided for a defibrillator. As large
visualisation PC. Tab. 5/1 provides an overview of the numbers of power sockets are needed for mobile ME
functions of usage-specific installations important to equipment, provision must also be made for adequate
operational safety and power management in a hospital. numbers of equipotential bonding connectors. Information
and communications technology systems and visual call
A detailed listing of the equipment in all room types as per systems (nurse call) must be powered. This applies particu-
Tab. 4/1 is not possible in a general description, as circum- larly to the initial examination (triage) area, in order to
stances and usage needs are project-specific. Consequently, determine further treatment. A room air system should
the following can only briefly give examples and guidance provide adequate air exchange as protection against the
for typical configurations of important room groups in a spread of infection. In addition to lighting for examinations
hospital. and treatments at 1,000 lx, power sockets for mobile lights
must be installed (DIN 5035-3, see annex 8.2). As opposed
to standard examination rooms, which should be classified
as group 1 medical locations (Tab. 4/1), medical admissions
and emergency care areas are normally configured as
group 2 medical locations.
Economy Specifically
Use of glare-free daylight … in the patient’s room
Constant light level control Operate room functions by hand-held transmitter
Lighting based on presence detection Illuminated, easily labelled buttons
Heating, cooling, ventilation as required Timed air inflow and outflow control
Heating reduced when window open Alarm by way of pull-operated button
5
At night heating “Central off” ... in sanitary facilities
Efficient building management with visualisation Lighting and exhaust air system based on presence detection
Management of distributed buildings Water sensors signal in good time
Centralized monitoring of multiple buildings ... at the ward desk
Monitoring without special monitoring equipment Ward desk with control panel as switching centre
Needs-based maintenance ... in the conference room
Shutdown of unneeded consumers in case of load spikes Scenario control at the press of just one button
Remote control in the conference room
Safety ... in the examination room
Presence-based corridor lighting Lighting adaptable to requirements
Exterior and pathway lighting ... in the operating theatre OT / intensive care unit ICU
Indication of windows, skylights, or doors left open Coloured power sockets ensure safe differentiation
“Central off” when absent Switches and sockets easily labelled
Emergency access and escape route lighting Safe power supply
Visualisation indicates location of danger Fault signalling as necessary safeguards availability of power supply
External building monitoring ... and the right operator control for every function
Automatic response in case of fire alarm User interfaces adapted to every need
Buttons highly hygienic
Sterile corridor
5
Equip- Setup Equip- Office
OT OT OT ment zone ment OT OT Equip-
ment
Entry Ware-
Sterilisation
Bed
OT table store
Changing
Changing
Technical
transfer
systems
Supply
Staff
with Recovery room
break
Equipment reprocessing control
room
Unclean Clean centre
TIP05_15_024_EN
External corridor
Fig. 5/5: Hybrid operating theatre with moveable Artis zeego robot for medical imaging
Filter
Filter
IABP
ATS *2 Sterile
area
Sterile
Technical room
R150 storeroom
A
Anaes-
thesia
sound
Instr.
Ultra-
Female change
Minimally
Table in
op position invasive
B
Heart-lung
machine
R415
Cool-
box
*1 Switching and
Hybrid OT evaluation
Examination
LAF field
*1 *1
Hand
disin-
Male change fection
Exit
Entry
Staff washroom Hand Hand
disin- disin-
fection fection
*1 *1 *1
5
Sterile corridor
Bed station
Airlock unclean
Fig. 5/6: System layout for a surgical department with hybrid operating theatre
Connection requirements per treatment station: All intensive therapy wards/units should have a procedure room
• 3–4 × oxygen med. 5 bar which in terms of essential standards (media, climate, hygiene)
• 3–4 × compressed air med. 5 bar corresponds to a patient room. The minimum floor area is
• 3–4 × vacuum approximately 25 m². Daylight lighting is not essential – if so,
• (1 × anaesthetic gas scavenging system as required!) window blackouts would be needed
• 12 × 230 V AC sockets “SPS” Adequate lighting of the operating field must be possible
• (4 × 230 V AC sockets “UPS”)
• 16 × equipotential bonding connectors Clean rooms
• 4 × data ports Sufficient numbers of fridges with connections to the building
• 1 × nurse call management system are required (for drugs and blood products
• 1 × telephone among other things)
• 1 × antenna
It must be possible to install bedside laboratory diagnostics units
Oxygen and compressed air, each with two infeeds from separate (blood gas analyzers [BGA], etc.) in these rooms. Appropriate
circuits electrical connections and data ports must be provided for the
purpose
One power connection for a mobile X-ray machine in each patient
room Equipment room
Bedside mobile workstation lamps for each treatment station The following media must be provided for this:
• 1–2 × oxygen med. 5 bar
Additionally one dimming indirect light on the wall or integrated in • 1–2 × compressed air med. 5 bar
the media supply rail • (1 × vacuum)
• 6 × 230 V AC sockets
One control panel for room lighting (and for room air conditioning –
• 3 × data ports
in single area) directly at the door
• 1 × telephone
Air conditioning of patient rooms (adjustable separately for different Appropriate numbers of standard rails (10 mm × 25 mm) with
rooms) with positive and negative pressure facility, and temperature electrical connections in the immediate vicinity must be integrated
regulation in accordance with legal requirements, national into the system
standards, recommendations of professional bodies, etc. (On this, it
Other rooms
is essential to consult specialist planning experts, who will also be
aware of the latest amendments to standards! [52]) Non-clean rooms
Intensive care beds must be quickly accessible from all four sides. Disabled-access combined toilet/washroom/shower unit
The bed surface should be electrically or hydraulically adjustable in The ward kitchen is most usefully located within the supply path.
four segments Regeneration and cooling systems as well as dishwashers should be
provided in line with the hospital’s kitchen arrangements
Ergonomic mounting of patient monitors, the patient data
management system (PDMS), syringe and infusion pumps, as well as If the hospital does not operate a central laboratory with 24-hour
sampling instruments with their accessories staffing, a cito-laboratory (for rapid analysis; cito = lat.: quick)
should be located within the ward area (approximately 10 m2)
Clock, radio, TV set, telephone in the patient’s room (for example, a
Ward doctor’s room with at least two computer workstations. Access
monitor on the opposite wall or individual with an infotainment
to all patient data and diagnostic findings required (daylight)
5
system attachable to the bed)
Senior doctor’s room (daylight)
Ward desk
Office, ward supervisor room (daylight)
As well as acting as the patient monitoring centre, with document
printers and access to the patient data management system (PDMS) Staff break room with hygienic washbasin, dishwasher, microwave
from all computer workstations, this central unit must feature the oven, fridge, lockers with storage for valuables according to the
analysis monitors of the picture archiving and communication number of staff per shift (daylight)
system (PACS) and the radiology information system (RIS), as well as Meeting room (with connection to the monitoring system)
the operator controls for those systems. A clearly visible wall clock Cleaning room (disinfectant mixer, shelving for consumables,
and sufficient work space (for example, office desks) as well as stowage space for carts)
adequate lighting appropriate to the work procedures must be
planned Staff toilets
Meeting room also for consultations with family members
This central point is where the key alarm, communications, and
transport systems converge (telephone, pneumatic tube mail Physiotherapy room
system, intercoms, nurse call, fax, copier, etc.)
Family room for viewing deceased patients (individual outfitting)
Tab. 5/2: Individual room types for intensive care units and recommendations for configuration of their electric power distribution
as per [52]
1-bed 1-bed
room room
5
Nurses’
station
0.1 mT
0.15 mT
0.2 mT
The other medical locations from Tab. 4/1 can be largely
0.3 mT
0.5 mT
either allocated to the areas previously described, or the
1 mT
electric power distribution requirements can be estimated
1
as for a comparable room usage, such as for an office or
storeroom. For special room types such as kitchens, laun-
dries, or radiology, the equipment outfitting is key. For
example, the radiology department of a university hospital
2
will have more high-end technical equipment than that of a
1 Equipment room district hospital. The required electrical connected load is
3
2 Examination room also dictated by the performance capability of the various
3 Control room
equipment types and sizes, and by the differing needs for
the associated evaluation systems. Fig. 5/9 compares the
Siemens MAGNETOM ESSENZA
installation areas of various MR scanners. The Siemens
MAGNETOM C!, with a magnetic field strength of 0.35 T,
requires a connected load of around 15 kVA, while the
0.05 mT
0.2 mT
1.5-T MAGNETOM ESSENZA MRI scanner requires a con-
nected load of 45 kVA. 110 kVA should be planned for
0.15 mT
0.5 mT 1 mT
3 mT
1
2
connection of the 3-T MAGNETOM Skyra.
5 3
characteristic features also vary widely, so Tab. 5/4 can only
provide rough guidance. In some cases, as a less costly
alternative, food is prepared on the wards rather than in a
central kitchen. In such a system, some of the meals are
Fig. 5/9: Room requirement and magnetic field distribution for delivered-in, and only special dietary requirements are met
different MRI scanners in the decentralized kitchens.
Counter
TIP05_15_029_EN
Cabinet 3
Cabinet 4
251–500 25 kW
501–800 30 kW
Above 800 40 kW
TIP05_15_031_EN
Bed lift,
large
5
501–800 150 kW • Residual current monitoring
• Steam extraction approximately 7 kW
Above 800 180 kW per hotplate
Extractor
• Washer line, cold storage cell each
TIP05_15_032_EN
Washing-up
room
Vegetable
preparation area
15 kW
• Extractor for special pan/tilting tray
Coffee-
approximately 15 kW
Cooling cell
making
area
Sluice
Tab. 5/4: Estimation of the power demand for utility supply and waste disposal facilities
Medical equipment
Other equipment /
power sockets SPS
room air systems
communications
General lighting
Information and
Electric power
Single lamps
demand for
systems
NPS
SPS
Functional area/location
in in in in in in in in
W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2
5
0.1–25
3.5–28
8
8
2.4
2.4
24
24
6
11
5
2.03 Intensive medicine 6 17.5–35.5 16 2.4 5 11 6
Tab. 5/5: Power demand for the individual functional locations according to DIN 13080 referred to the net floor area of the area in question
Medical equipment
Other equipment /
power sockets SPS
room air systems
communications
General lighting
Information and
Electric power
Single lamps
demand for
systems
NPS
SPS
Functional area/location
in in in in in in in in
W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2 W per m2
3.00 Administration
3.02 Archiving 5 8 11
3.04 Library 6 8 11
5.00 Utilities
4
11
11
6.00 Research and teaching
6.01 Research 10 0–28 8 24–300
6.02 Teaching 10 8 24
6.03 Education and training 10 8 24
7.00 Other
7.01 Emergency service 6 8 11
7.02 Limited-care dialysis 10 17.5–35.5 8 5.2 11
7.03 Child care 6 0.1–25 8 2.4 24 6
7.04 External services rendered 2)
7.05 External services procured (assumption) 10 8 11
7.06 Residential 6 0–25 24 6
2) Covered by other functions (for example, pharmacy, lab, therapies)
The SIMARIS planning tools offer efficient support in the Specific distinguishing features between the individual
dimensioning of electric power distribution systems, and in examples are colour-coded in the network diagrams for
the determination of the necessary equipment and distribu- some of the model networks (Fig. 6/1 to Fig. 6/4). These are
tion boards. Networks can be calculated and dimensioned briefly described in the notes to the graphics in Tab. 6/1.
with SIMARIS design. Consistency of system and device
parameters for calculations from the medium voltage This shows, among other things, that the model networks
through to the consumer guarantees a high degree of can offer only suggestions, not generally applicable model
planning certainty. Contrary to the international standard solutions. On every project, the application of different
IEC 60364-7-710, the amendments to the specific German methods and use of different equipment results in unique
version VDE 0100-710 explicitly stipulate that selectivity dimensioning and configuration of network components.
must be ensured: In the event of a short circuit in the final
circuit, the circuits of the upstream distribution board must Such calculations involving complex networks can be
not be interrupted. This can be verified arithmetically with normally only be handled by suitable software tools such as
SIMARIS design. This is also stipulated similarly in the SIMARIS. Your TIP contact partner will of course be glad to
Austrian standard ÖVE/ÖNORM E 8007, which continues to assist you in these kinds of planning tasks – both in the
apply in Austria alongside IEC 60364-7-710. concept design of network structures and in the calculation
procedures necessary for dimensioning.
The basis for the calculations is adherence to the required
protection of people, as well as protection against short
circuit and overload. The required equipment is dimen-
sioned in accordance with recognized technical rules and
applicable standards (VDE, IEC). The results of the calcula- Notes on model network 1.2:
tions are short-circuit currents, load flows, voltage drop, 1) omparison of cable LV-C/L 1.1A.11.3 in coupling BMD3 NPS –
C
and energy balance data. Model networks can be exported BMD3 SPS with couplings NPS – SPS in BMD1 and BMD2:
Installation method C applied instead of method E (couplings
and made available for further processing, such as in
NPS-SPS in BMD1 and BMD2; installation methods as per
SIMARIS project. IEC 60364-5-52) results in a different reduction factor and thus
different cable dimensioning
For details on the model networks described in the Notes on model network 1.3:
following, and on other calculation configurations, you 2) se of circuit-breakers (CB BMD1/2/3 NPS) between MD NPS and
U
can contact the TIP contact partner in your region BMD NPS instead of fuses (as used in specimen network 1.2):
(siemens.com/tip-cs/contact). hanged cable dimensioning (compare cable LV-C/L 1.1A.8/10/11
C
for model network 1.2 with cable LV-C/L 1.1A.8/10/11 for model
network 1.3)
Notes on model network 1.5:
6.1 Examples of Infeed Network 3) istribution of the medium voltage to the two buildings by
D
distributed transformers (transformer 1/2/3 and transformer 4/5/6);
Structures but central LV generator
4) reely dimensioned devices differ from pre-determined devices in
F
Tab. 6/2 lists a number of examples of different network
the two comparable building networks (Q7 pre-determined; Q17
connections. The table compares some of the SIMARIS freely dimensioned)
model networks available on the Internet. The switch 5) evice types/ratings influence cable dimensioning (open circuit-
D
6
settings for normal operation are included. You will find the breaker Q4, SD/CB LV MD1 SPS delivers different cable cross-
complete data sets for the SIMARIS examples at the follow- sections for cable LV-C/L 1.1B.13.3 as moulded-case circuit-breaker
ing link: Q14, SD/CB LV MD2 SPS for cable LV-C/L 1.1D.13.3)
BMD1 NPS BMD2 NPS BMD3 NPS BMD1 SPS BMD2 SPS BMD3 SPS
LV MD2 NPS LV MD2 NPS LV MD2 SPS LV MD1 SPS
TIP05_15_035_EN
TIP05_15_036_EN
Basic rule: TN-S network with central earthing point and insulated PEN conductor
NPS: Normal power supply
SPS: Safety power supply
MD: Main distribution board
BMD: Building main distribution board
T: Transformer
G: Generator
BPS: Backup power supply
Tab. 6/2: Description of SIMARIS model networks as shown in Fig. 6/1 to Fig. 6/4
6
N2XS2Y N2XS2Y
15 m 15 m
XLPE 3 x 50 XLPE 3 x 50
Generator 1
Pn = 480 kW
Trafo 1
Sn = 630 kVA
Trafo 2
Sn = 630 kVA
G Sn = 600 kVA
Un = 400 V
ukr = 6 % ukr = 6 %
10/0.4 kV Dyn5 10/0.4 kV Dyn5
4GB58443DA001AA0 4GB58443DA001AA0
S 1.1A.2
LV-C/L 1.1A.1 LV-C/L 1.1A.2 Busbar LV-C/L 1.1B.1
Cable/line Cable/line 40 m Cable/line
40 m 40 m LDA1623 40 m
Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x185/185/95)
LV MD NPS LV MD SPS
SD-F 1.1A.11a SD-F 1.1A.3a SD-F 1.1A.4a DL NPS SD-F 1.1B.6a SD-F 1.1B.2a DL SPS
CB 1 CB 1
Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load
In = 200 A
3 x 3NA3140 size 1
In = 300 A
3 x 3NA3250 size 2
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 200 A
3 x 3NA3140 size 1
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3240 size 2
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
3NJ61203MA010BB0 size 1 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3-pole 3NJ61203MA010BB0 size 1 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole
TIP05_15_037_EN
LV-C/L 1.1A.11 LV-C/L 1.1A.3 LV-C/L 1.1A.4 LV-C/L 1.1A.9 LV-C/L 1.1B.6 LV-C/L 1.1B.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.4
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m
Cu 1(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x120/120/70)
Dummy fuse 200A-NPS Dummy fuse 300A-NPS Dummy fuse 400A-NPS Dummy CB 1,000A-NPS Dummy fuse 200A-SPS Dummy fuse 250A-SPS Dummy CB 500A-SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 50 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 100 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 100 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 100 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 50 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 50 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 50 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
Fig. 6/1: Infeed network structure from SIMARIS design for model network 1.1
BB 1.1A.1
LV-C/L 1.1A.1 LV-C/L 1.1A.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.3 Busbar LV-C/L 1.1B.1
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line 20 m Cable/line
40 m 40 m 40 m LDA1623 40 m
Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120)
LV MD NPS LV MD SPS
SD-F 1.1A.11a SD-F 1.1A.12a SD-F 1.1A.13a DL NPS SD-F BMD1 NPS SD-F BMD2 NPS SD-F BMD3 NPS SD-F 1.1B.1 SD-F 1.1B.8 DL SPS SD-F BMD1 NPS SD-F BMD2 SPS SD-F BMD3 SPS
CB A.6 Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse CB B.4
Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 300 A
3 x 3NA3250 size 2
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
In = 200 A
3 x 3NA3140 size 1
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 224 A
3 x 3NA3242 size 2
In = 224 A
3 x 3NA3242 size 2
In = 224 A
3 x 3NA3242 size 2
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61203MA010BB0 size 1 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2
LV-C/L 1.1A.11 LV-C/L 1.1A.12 LV-C/L 1.1A.13 LV-C/L 1.1A.6 LV-C/L 1.1A.8 LV-C/L 1.1A.10 LV-C/L 1.1A.11 LV-C/L 1.1B.1 LV-C/L 1.1B.8 LV-C/L 1.1B.4 LV-C/L 1.1B.6 LV-C/L 1.1B.9 LV-C/L 1.1B.12
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m 125 m 125 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m 125 m 125 m
Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x150/150/150) Cu 2(3x150/150/70) Cu 2(3x150/150/70) Cu 2(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x185/185/95)
Dummy fuse 300A-NPS Dummy fuse 400A-NPS Dummy fuse 250A-NPS Dummy CB 1.000A-NPS Dummy fuse 200A-SPS Dummy fuse 250A-SPS Dummy CB 500A-SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
1)
Feeder BMD1 SPS Q7, NPS/SPS bus coupler Feeder BMD2 SPS Q9, NPS/SPS bus coupler Feeder BMD3 SPS Q11, NPS/SPS bus coupler
NACB/SD BMD1 NPS Sw. disc. with fuse Q8, NACB/SD BMD1 SPS NACB/SD BMD2 NPS Sw. disc. with fuse Q10, NACB/SD BMD2 SPS NACB/SD BMD3 NPS Sw. disc. with fuse Q12, NACB/SD BMD3 SPS
Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB
In = 224 A In = 630 A In = 224 A In = 630 A In = 224 A In = 630 A
In = 630 A 3 x 3NA3242 size 2 In = 630 A In = 630 A 3 x 3NA3242 size 2 In = 630 A In = 630 A 3 x 3NA3242 size 2 In = 630 A
3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2
Feed-in BMD1 NPS Feed-in BMD1 NPS Feed-in BMD1 NPS Feed-in BMD2 SPS Feed-in BMD3 NPS Feed-in BMD1 SPS
TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V
SD-F 1.1A.8.2 DL NPS SD-F 1.1B.6.2 DL SPS SD-F 1.1A.10.2 DL BMD2 NPS SD-F 1.1B.6.2 DL SPS SD-F 1.1A.11.2 DL BMD3 NPS SD-F 1.1B.12.2 DL BMD3 SPS
Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 250 A P
Dummy load
In = 33 A
Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 125 A P
Dummy load
In = 33 A
Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 250 A P
Dummy load
In = 33 A
Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 125 A P
Dummy load
In = 33 A
Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 250 A P
Dummy load
In = 33 A
Sw. disc. with fuse
In = 125 A
P Dummy load
In = 33 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2 Un = 400 V 3 x 3NA38328 size 000 Un = 400 V 3 x 3NA3244 size 2 Un = 400 V 3 x 3NA38328 size 000 Un = 400 V 3 x 3NA3244 size 2 Un = 400 V 3 x 3NA32328 size 000 Un = 400 V
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61103MA010BB0 size 00 3-pole 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61103MA010BB0 size 00 3-pole 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61103MA010BB0 size 00 3-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.8.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.6.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.10.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.6.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.11.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.12.2
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m
Cu 1(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x50/50/25) Cu 1(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x50/50/25) Cu 1(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x50/50/25)
Dummy 250A-BMD1 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD1 SPS Dummy 250A-BMD2 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD1 SPS Dummy 250A-BMD3 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD3 SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
TIP05_15_038_EN
Fig. 6/2: Infeed network structure from SIMARIS design for model network 1.2 (ref. 1), see Tab. 6/1)
BB 1.1A.1
LV-C/L 1.1A.1 LV-C/L 1.1A.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.3 Busbar LV-C/L 1.1B.1
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line 20 m Cable/line
40 m 40 m 40 m LDA3623 40 m
Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 4(3x240/240/120)
LV MD NPS LV MD SPS
2)
SD-F 1.1A.11a SD-F 1.1A.12a SD-F 1.1A.13a DL NPS CB BMD1 NPS CB BMD2 NPS CB BMD3 NPS SD-F 1.1B.1 SD-F 1.1B.8 SD-F 1.1B.3 DL SPS
CB A.6 Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker CB B.4 CB BMD1 SPS CB BMD2 SPS CB BMD3 SPS
Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load
In = 300 A
3 x 3NA3250 size 2
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
In = 200 A
3 x 3NA3140 size 1
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
In = 300 A
3 x 3NA3250 size 2
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61203MA010BB0 size 1 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.11 LV-C/L 1.1A.12 LV-C/L 1.1A.13 LV-C/L 1.1A.6 LV-C/L 1.1A.8 LV-C/L 1.1A.10 LV-C/L 1.1A.11 LV-C/L 1.1B.1 LV-C/L 1.1B.8 LV-C/L 1.1B.3 LV-C/L 1.1B.4 LV-C/L 1.1B.6 LV-C/L 1.1B.9 LV-C/L 1.1B.12
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m 125 m 125 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m 125 m 125 m
Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x150/150/150) Cu 2(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x300/300/150) Cu 1(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x120/120/70) Cu 2(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x185/185/95)
Dummy fuse 300A-NPS Dummy fuse 400A-NPS Dummy fuse 250A-NPS Dummy CB 1.000A-NPS Dummy fuse 200A-SPS Dummy fuse 250A-SPS Dummy fuse 300A-SPS Dummy CB 1,000A-SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
6
LV-C/L 1.1A.8.3 LV-C/L 1.1A.8.3 LV-C/L 1.1A.11.3
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
10 m 10 m 10 m
Cu 1(3x185/185/185) Cu 1(3x185/185/185) Cu 1(3x185/185/185)
Feeder BMD1 SPS Q7, NPS/SPS bus coupler Feeder BMD2 SPS Q9, NPS/SPS bus coupler Feeder BMD3 SPS Q11, NPS/SPS bus coupler Q12, NACB/SD BMD3 SPS
NACB/SD BMD1 NPS Sw. disc. with fuse Q8, NACB/SD BMD1 SPS NACB/SD BMD2 NPS Sw. disc. with fuse Q10, NACB/SD BMD2 SPS NACB/SD BMD3 NPS Sw. disc. with fuse
Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB
In = 224 A In = 224 A Non-automatic CB In = 224 A
In = 630 A In = 630 A In = 630 A In = 630 A In = 630 A In = 630 A In = 630 A In = 630 A
3 x 3NA3242 size 2 3 x 3NA3242 size 2 In = 630 A 3 x 3NA3242 size 2
3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631DE360AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0 3VL57631EE460AA0
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3VL57631EE460AA0 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2
Feed-in BMD1 NPS Feed-in BMD1 SPS Feed-in BMD2 NPS Feed-in BMD2 SPS Feed-in BMD3 NPS Feed-in BMD3 SPS
TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V
SD-F 1.1A.8.2 DL NPS SD-F 1.1B.6.2 DL SPS SD-F 1.1A.10.2 DL BMD2 NPS SD-F 1.1B.6.2 DL SPS SD-F 1.1A.11.2 DL BMD3 NPS SD-F 1.1B.12.2 DL BMD3 SPS
Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 125 A
3 x 3NA38328 size 000
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 125 A
3 x 3NA38328 size 000
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 125 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3 x 3NA32328 size 000
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61103MA010BB0 size 00 3-pole 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61103MA010BB0 size 00 3-pole 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole 3NJ61103MA010BB0 size 00 3-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.8.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.6.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.10.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.6.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.11.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.12.2
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m
Cu 1(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x50/50/25) Cu 1(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x50/50/25) Cu 1(3x120/120/70) Cu 1(3x50/50/25)
Dummy 250A-BMD1 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD1 SPS Dummy 250A-BMD2 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD1 SPS Dummy 250A-BMD3 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD3 SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
TIP05_15_039_EN
Fig. 6/3: Infeed network structure from SIMARIS design for model network 1.3 (ref. 2), see Tab. 6/1)
LV-C/L 1.1B.1
Cable/line
40 m
Cu 4(3x240/240/120)
ESPS MD
BB 1.1A.4
LV-C/L 1.1A.1 LV-C/L 1.1A.2 LV-C/L 1.1A.3 Busbar
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line 20 m
40 m 40 m 40 m LDA1623
Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) 5)
Feeder LV MD SPS Q2, NPS/SPS bus coupler
Q1.1, LV-CB Trafo 1 Q1.2, LV-CB Trafo 2 Q1.3, LV-CB Trafo 3 Circuit-breaker Q4, NACB LV MD1 SPS
Non-automatic CB
Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker In = 1,000 A Non-automatic CB
In = 1,000 A
In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN In = 1,000 A
3WL11102AA411AA2
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102NB411AA2/LSIN
SD-F 1.1A.11 SD-F 1.1A.12 SD-F 1.1A.13 DL NPS CB BMD1 NPS SD-F 1.1B.13.1 SD-F 1.1B.13.3 DL SPS
CB A.6 Circuit-breaker Sw. disc. with fuse CB 1.1B13.4 CB BMD1 SPS
Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
In = 300 A
3 x 3NA3250 size 2
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
In = 200 A
3 x 3NA3140 size 1
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3-pole 3NJ61203MA010BB0 size 1 5) 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.11 LV-C/L 1.1A.12 LV-C/L 1.1A.13 LV-C/L 1.1A.6 LV-C/L 1.1A.8 LV-C/L 1.1B.13.1 LV-C/L 1.1B.13.3 LV-C/L 1.1B.13.4 LV-C/L 1.1B.13.6
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m
Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x150/150/70) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x300/300/150) Cu 1(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x240/240/120)
Dummy fuse 250A-NPS Dummy fuse 300A-NPS Dummy fuse 400A-NPS Dummy CB 1.000A-NPS Dummy fuse 200A-SPS Dummy fuse 250A-SPS Dummy CB 1,000A-SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.8.3
Cable/line
10 m
Cu 1(3x120/120/120)
3)
Dummy 250A-BMD1 NPS Dummy 125A-BMD1 SPS
Inner zone Inner zone
MV-CB 1.1A.1
Circuit-breaker CB-f AR
MV-CB 1.1A.2
Circuit-breaker CB-f AR
MV-CB 1.1A.3
Circuit-breaker CB-f AR
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In (switch) = 630 A In (switch) = 630 A In (switch) = 630 A 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
Transformer current = 50/1 A Transformer current = 50/1 A Transformer current = 50/1 A
DMT: 7SJ6101 DMT: 7SJ6101 DMT: 7SJ6101
BB 1.1C.4
LV-C/L 1.1C.1 LV-C/L 1.1C.2 LV-C/L 1.1C.3 Busbar
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line 20 m
40 m 40 m 40 m LDA1623
Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) 5)
Feeder LV MD2 SPS Q12, NPS/SPS bus coupler
Q1.1, LV-CB Trafo 4 Q1.2, LV-CB Trafo 5 Q1.3, LV-CB Trafo 6 Circuit-breaker Q14, NACB LV MD2 SPS
Circuit-breaker Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB
Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker In = 1,000 A
In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 630 A
In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102AA411AA2 3VL57631EE460AA0
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
SD-F 1.1C.11 SD-F 1.1C.12 SD-F 1.1C.13 DL NPS CB BMD2 NPS SD-F 1.1D.13.1 SD-F 1.1D.13.3 DL SPS
CB C.6 Sw. disc. with fuse CB 1.1D13.4 CB BMD2 SPS
Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Sw. disc. with fuse Dummy load Circuit-breaker Sw. disc. with fuse Circuit-breaker Dummy load
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
In = 300 A
3 x 3NA3250 size 2
In = 400 A
3 x 3NA3360 size 3
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
In = 200 A
3 x 3NA3140 size 1
In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3244 size 2
In = 1,000 A
Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3NJ61203MA010BB0 size 1 5) 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN
3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3NJ61603MA010BB0 size 3 3-pole 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3-pole
LV-C/L 1.1C.11 LV-C/L 1.1C.12 LV-C/L 1.1C.13 LV-C/L 1.1C.6 LV-C/L 1.1C.8 LV-C/L 1.1D.13.1 LV-C/L 1.1D.13.3 LV-C/L 1.1D.13.4 LV-C/L 1.1D.13.6
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
75 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m 75 m 75 m 75 m 125 m
Cu 1(3x240/240/120) Cu 1(3x300/300/150) Cu 2(3x150/150/70) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x300/300/150) Cu 1(3x150/150/70) Cu 1(3x185/185/95) Cu 2(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x240/240/120)
Dummy fuse 250A-NPS Dummy fuse 300A-NPS Dummy fuse 400A-NPS Dummy CB 1.000A-NPS Dummy fuse 200A-SPS Dummy fuse 250A-SPS Dummy CB 1,000A-SPS
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
P In = 33 A
Un = 400 V
3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole 3+N-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.8.3
Cable/line
10 m
Cu 1(3x120/120/120)
4)
Feeder BMD1 SPS Q17, NPS/SPS bus coupler
NACB/SD BMD1 NPS Q18, NACB/SD BMD1 SPS
6
Sw. disc. with fuse Non-automatic CB
Non-automatic CB In = 224 A Non-automatic CB
In = 630 A In = 100 A In = 630 A
3 x 3NA3242 size 2 3VL27101EE430AA0
3VL57631DE360AA0 3NJ61403MA010BB0 size 2 3VL57631EE460AA0
TIP05_15_040_EN
Fig. 6/4: Infeed network structure from SIMARIS design for model network 1.5 (ref. 3), 4), 5) see Tab. 6/1)
Trafo 1 Trafo 2
G Sn = 880 kVA
Un = 400 V
Sn = 630 kVA Sn = 630 kVA
ukr = 6 % ukr = 6 %
10/0.4 kV Dyn5 10/0.4 kV Dyn5
4GB58443DA001AA0 4GB58443DA001AA0
LV-C/L 1.1A.3
LV-C/L 1.1A.1 LV-C/L 1.1A.2 Cable/line LV-C/L 1.1B.1
Cable/line Cable/line 10 m Cable/line
40 m 40 m Cu 3(3x185/185/95) 40 m
Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 3(3x240/240/120) Cu 4(3x240/240/120)
LV MD NPS LV MD SPS
LV-C/L 1.1A.2.1.a
Cable/line
10 m
Cu 1(3x50/50/25)
F-SwD 1.1A.2.1a
Fuse sw. disc. Q2.2, SD bus coupler LTS1.1B.2
In = 125 A Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB
3 x 3NA3832 Gr. 00 In = 160 A In = 160 A
3NJ41033BF01 Gr. 00 3VL27161EE430AA0 3VL27161EE430AA0
LV SD NPS LV SD SPS
F-So 1.1A.2.5a F-So 1.1A.2.4a F-So 1.1A.2.3a F-So 1.1A.2.2a F-So 1.1A.2.1a
Fuse with socket Fuse with socket Fuse with socket Fuse with socket Fuse with socket
In = 25 A In = 35 A In = 50 A In = 50 A In = 63 A
3 x 3NA3810 size 000 3 x 3NA3814 size 000 3 x 3NA3820 size 000 3 x 3NA3820 size 000 3 x 3NA3822 size 000
3NH4030 size 000 3NH4030 size 000 3NH4030 size 000 3NH4030 size 000 3NH4030 size 000
LV-C/L 1.1A.2.5.a LV-C/L 1.1A.2.4.a LV-C/L 1.1A.2.3.a LV-C/L 1.1A.2.2.a LV-C/L 1.1A.2.1.a
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
2m 2m 2m 2m 2m
Cu 1(3x16/16/16) Cu 1(3x25/25/25) Cu 1(3x25/25/25) Cu 1(3x25/25/25) Cu 1(3x25/25/25)
Bender ES 710, IT 3150 VA Bender ES 710, IT 4000 VA Bender ES 710, IT 5000 VA Bender ES 710, IT 6300 VA Bender ES 710, IT 8000 VA
eqivalent impedance eqivalent impedance eqivalent impedance eqivalent impedance eqivalent impedance
IT 3150VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
IT 4000VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
IT 5000VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
6
IT 6300VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
IT 8000VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
TIP05_15_041_EN
LV-S 1.1A.1 LV-S 1.1A.1 LV-S 1.1A.1 S 1.1A.13 LV-C/L 1.1B.1 LV-C/L 1.1B.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.3
Busbar Busbar Busbar Busbar Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
50 m 50 m 50 m E90 E90 E90 E90
LI-AM10005B-55 LI-AM10005B-55 LI-AM10005B-55 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m
LI-AM32005B-55 Cu 2(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x240/240/120)
Q1.1, LV-CB Trafo 1 Q1.2, LV-CB Trafo 2 Q1.3, LV-CB Trafo 3 Feeder LV MD SPS Q2, NPS/SPS bus coupler Q3, LV-CB Genset Q4, LV-CB Genset Q4, LV-CB Genset
Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Non-automatic CB Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,600 A In = 1,600 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11162EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11162EB411AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB411AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB411AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB411AA2/LSIN
LV MD NPS LV MD SPS
SD supply transfer system NPS – SPS SD supply transfer system SPS – BSV/ZSV
LV-C/L 1.1A.12.1.a
Cable/line
10 m
Cu 1(3x50/50/50)
F-SwD 1.1A.12.1a Q2.2, SD bus coupler LTS1.1B.1.1b Q2.3 bypass CB BSV/ZSV output
Fuse sw. disc. Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Non-automatic CB Circuit-breaker
In = 125 A In = 100 A In = 100 A In = 100 A In = 250 A
3 x 3NA3832 Gr. 00 3VL27101EE430AA0 3VL27101EE430AA0 3VL27101EE430AA0 3VA22255KP420AA0/LSIN
3NJ41033BF01 Gr. 00
LV-C/L 1.1B.1.4 LV-C/L 1.1B.1.5 LV-C/L 1.1B.3.5.2a LV-C/L 1.1B.3.5.3 LV-C/L 1.1B.3.5.4
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
2m 2m 2m 10 m 10 m
Cu 1(3x16/16/16) Cu 1(3x25/25/25) Cu 1(3x16/16/16) Cu 1(1x6/6/6) Cu 1(1x6/6/6)
6
Bender ES 710, IT 3150 VA
In = 4 A In = 6 A
eqivalent impedance eqivalent impedance eqivalent impedance
Un = 230 V
1+N-pole
P Un = 230 V
1+N-pole
3x 3x
LV SD NPS IT 4000VA BSV/ZSV – IT 3150VA
TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V
MCB 1.1A.1.2a MCB 1.1A.1.3a MCB 1.1B.2.2.2a MCB 1.1B.2.2.3a MCB 1.1B.2.2.4a
Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker 3 x IT load MCB 1.1B.2.6.3a MCB 1.1B.2.6.4a 3 x IT load
Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Dummy load Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
In = 10 A
5SY62106/B
In = 13 A
5SY62136/B
In = 13 A
5SY62136/B
P In = 19.2 A
Un = 400 V
In = 10 A
5SY62106/B
In = 13 A
5SY62136/B
P Dummy load
In = 17 A
5SV33126 Un = 400 V
3-pole 3-pole
LV-C/L 1.1A.1.3 LV-C/L 1.1B.2.2.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.2.2.3 LV-C/L 1.1B.2.2.4 LV-C/L 1.1B.2.6.3 LV-C/L 1.1B.2.6.4
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
15 m 30 m 30 m 30 m
LV-C/L 1.1A.1.2 30 m 30 m
Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1x1.5/1.5/1.5)
Cable/line Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5)
15 m
Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5)
Load 1.1B.2.2.2 Load 1.1B.2.2.3 Load 1.1B.2.6.3 Lighting IT3
Inner zone Inner zone Lighting IT2
Inner zone Inner zone Inner zone
NPS load 1.1A.1.3 In = 8 A In = 11 A In = 8 A
NPS load 1.1A.1.2
Inner zone Inner zone Un = 230 V Un = 230 V P In = 10 A
Un = 230 V Un = 230 V P
In = 10 A
Un = 230 V
In = 6 A
Un = 230 V
P In = 6 A
Un = 230 V
1+N-pole 1+N-pole
1+N-pole 1+N-pole 1+N-pole
1+N-pole 1+N-pole
3x 3x IT 3150VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
S 1.1A.13
Busbar
LV-S 1.1A.1 LV-S 1.1A.2 LV-S 1.1A.3 E90 LV-C/L 1.1B.1 LV-C/L 1.1B.2 LV-C/L 1.1B.3
Busbar Busbar Busbar 10 m Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
50 m 50 m 50 m LI-AM32005B-55 E90 E90 E90
LI-AM10005B-55 LI-AM10005B-55 LI-AM10005B-55 10 m 10 m 10 m
Feeder LV MD SPS Q2, NPS/SPS bus coupler Cu 2(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x240/240/120) Cu 2(3x240/240/120)
Circuit-breaker Non-automatic CB
Q1.1, LV-CB Trafo 1 Q1.2, LV-CB Trafo 2 Q1.3, LV-CB Trafo 3 In = 1,600 A Q4, LV-CB Genset 1.1B.1 Q5, LV-CB Genset 1.1B.2 Q6, LV-CB Genset 1.1B.3
Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker In = 1,600 A
3WL11162EB311AA2/LSIN Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker Circuit-breaker
In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A 3WL11162EB411AA2/LSIN
In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A In = 1,000 A
3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB311AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB411AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB411AA2/LSIN 3WL11102EB411AA2/LSIN
LV MD NPS LV MD SPS
LV SD UPS
IT 5000VA
TN-S Un = 400 V
TN-S Un = 400 V
TN-S Un = 400 V
LV SD UPS
MCB 1.4B.1a MCB 1.4B.2a MCB 1.4B.3a
TN-S Un = 400 V Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker
In = 13 A In = 6 A In = 6 A
MCB 1.2D.1a 5SL61136/B 5SL61066/B 5SL61066/B
Miniature circuit-breaker 5SV33126
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B LV-C/L 1.4B.2 LV-C/L 1.4B.3
5SV33126 Cable/line Cable/line
E90 E90
LV-C/L 1.4B.1 15 m 15 m
Cable/line Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5)
E90
LV-C/L 1.2D.1 15 m Nurse call SPS lighting
Cable/line Cu 1(1x4/4/4) Inner zone Inner zone
E90
15 m
SPS Outlet 1.4B.1
P In = 2 A
Un = 230 V P In = 2 A
Un = 230 V
Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) 1+N-pole 1+N-pole
Inner zone
In = 10 A
NPS load 1.2D.1 Un = 230 V
Inner zone 1+N-pole
In = 6 A
Un = 230 V
1+N-pole 2x
3x
6
LV SD1 NPS LV SD SPS1.5B
TN-S Un = 400 V TN-S Un = 400 V
Kitchen, storage MCB 1.3A.5a MCB 1.3A.6a MCB 1.3A.7a MCB 1.3A.8a MCB 1.5B.1a MCB 1.5B.2a MCB 1.5B.3a
Dummy load Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker
P In = 10 A
Un = 400 V
In = 20 A
5SL61206/B
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
In = 13 A
5SL61136/B
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
In = 13 A
5SL61136/B
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
In = 6 A
5SL61066/B
3-pole 5SV33126 5SV33126 5SV33126
LV-C/L 1.3A.7 LV-C/L 1.3A.8 LV-C/L 1.5B.2 LV-C/L 1.5B.3
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line
15 m 15 m E90 E90
LV-C/L 1.3A.5 LV-C/L 1.3A.6 Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) LV-C/L 1.5B.1 15 m 15 m
Cable/line Cable/line Cable/line Cu 1(1x2.5/2.5/2.5) Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5)
15 m 15 m E90
Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) Cu 1(1x1.5/1.5/1.5) NPS lighting room NPS lighting bath 15 m Nurse call SPS lighting
Inner zone Inner zone Cu 1(1x4/4/4) Inner zone Inner zone
4x 2x 2x
LV SD2 NPS
TN-S Un = 400 V
Kitchen, storage MCB 1.3A.1a MCB 1.3A.2a MCB 1.3A.3a MCB 1.3A.4a
Dummy load Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker Miniature circuit-breaker
P In = 10 A
Un = 400 V
In = 13 A
5SL61136/B
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
In = 13 A
5SL63136/B
In = 10 A
5SL61106/B
3-pole 5SV33126 5SV33126
LV-C/L 1.3A.3 LV-C/L 1.3A.4
Cable/line Cable/line
15 m 15 m
TIP05_15_043_EN
2x 2x
104
Envelope curve upstream equipment
t in s
LS1.2A.2a
Ikmax = 36.837 kA
103 Ikmin = 1.816 kA
Envelope curve downstream equipment
102
101
100
10-1
7 10-2
TIP05_15_050_EN
10-3
101 102 103 104 105
I in A
Fig. 7/1: Comparison of curves from SIMARIS design as per Fig. 6/6 for moulded-case circuit-breaker LS1.2A.2a
90 Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems
7.1 GEAFOL Distribution
Transformers
As described in [36], with a line connection above 250 A, Technical data
supply to the building with medium voltage and transfor-
mation to the building’s low-voltage distribution network • Fire behaviour class F1
by distribution transformers is preferred. For installation in • Environmental class E2
the immediate vicinity of people, GEAFOL transformers • Climatic class C2
(Fig. 7/2) are selected. SIMARIS project provides the specifi- • Indoor installation
cation text: • Site altitude up to up to 1,000 m
• Insulation class HV/LV F/F
Cast-resin insulated dry-type transformers (GEAFOL) have • Insulation level for HV 10 kV: AC 28 kV, LI 75 kV
the following characteristics: • Insulation level for HV 20 kV: AC 50 kV, LI 95 kV
Flame-retardant and self-extinguishing according to • Maximum ambient temperature 40 °C
IEC 60076-11, VDE 0532-76-11, DIN EN 60076-11. No • Rated frequency 50 Hz
toxic or explosive gases must escape in case of fire. A fire • Mode of operation DB (continuous operation)
damage assessment with smoke gas analysis must be • Cooling type AN (Air Natural)
submitted. High power-frequency withstand voltage and • Degree of protection IP00
impulse strength. It has to be proved by measurement that • Optional power increase up to 40 % due to installation of
the windings are free of internal partial discharge up to fans (as of 630 kVA)
2 × Un. In this context, the background noise level must • Optionally for each rating, there is a tested protective
not exceed 5 pC. housing available without power reduction up to IP23
• Including:
Winding construction –– Two temperature monitoring systems for warning and
tripping, consisting of two PTC (Positive Temperature
HV: Aluminium foil winding cast under vacuum in insulation Coefficient) sensors per limb, and one tripping device
class F with a permissible average temperature rise of 100 K. AC/DC (24 – 240 V, 50 – 60 Hz) as supplementary
equipment
LV: Prepreg-insulated aluminium strip winding (to reduce –– Two earthing connections M12 at the lower clamping
the axial short-circuit forces) in insulation class F with a frame, convertible rollers for lengthways and sideways
permissible average temperature rise of 100 K. travel
1
3 A1*) 1,520 mm
B1*) 845 mm
2U, 2V, 2W
6 H1*) 1,315 mm
e*) 520 mm (100-250 kVA)
1U 8 670 mm (315-800 kVA)
1V 1W
820 mm (1,000-1,600 kVA)
2
1,070 mm (2,000-2,500 kVA)
H1
1 Rating plate
2 HV connection straps
3 Terminals for temperature monitoring
9
4 Earth connection (M12)
4 4
5 5
6
7
Pulling lug
Lifting lug
LV connections
7
TIP05_15_051_EN
e e
8 HV connections
A1 B1 9 Optional fans
*) Dimensions are non-binding, subject to design modifications; rollers can be turned 90°
Fig. 7/2: CAD views for GEAFOL transformer from SIMARIS project
Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems 91
7.2 Medium-voltage Switchgear The main features of the 8DJH medium-voltage
switchgear are:
The individual distribution transformers are powered on the • The medium-voltage part must be maintenance-free
medium-voltage side by way of the circuit-breaker panels for life
with numerical protection devices in the 8DJH medi- • Small type of construction and with the lowest
um-voltage switchgear. A low-voltage compartment must possible panel dimensions due to gas-insulated design
be provided for the protection devices. The infeed via two • Design tested for resistance to internal faults (IAC A FL
ring-main panels with bus sectionaliser panel is supple- or FLR)
mented by a billing metering panel, so the panel blocks are • Independent of environmental influences
grouped with a common gas vessel (Fig. 7/3). A pressure • No gas work necessary on site
calculation according to Pigler must be performed for the • Gas-tight for life
switchgear room in case of an internal arc inside the • Three-pole enclosure, hermetic panel by panel, made
switchgear. The stipulated values are: of stainless steel
• Room dimensions • Sealed primary enclosure
• Position and size of the pressure relief openings • All switching devices are operated at the panel front
• Location and dimensions of the switchgear • Use of vacuum circuit-breakers with the possibility of
remote control
TIP05_15_052_EN
7 Left ≥ 50 mm
In case of extension ≥ 200 mm
Ceiling height:
1,200 × 2,500 mm with switchgear height 2,300 mm
(switchgear depth 775 ** to 1,075 mm)
92 Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems
• Constant insulating properties of the gas, independent of The device enables the control of a circuit-breaker and
the service life further switching devices, as well as automation functions
• Use of ring-core current transformers outside the such as interlocks. Its basic functions are (coding as per
enclosure (free of dielectric stress) ANSI [American National Standards Institute] in brackets
• Voltage transformers in metal-coated and plug-in design from [56]):
• Operating mechanisms outside the enclosure shall ensure • Protection functions for 3-pole tripping
access without danger during operation • Undercurrent (37)
• Maximum reliability and personal safety with pressure • Unbalanced-load protection (46)
relief device • Negative-sequence system overcurrent protection (46)
• Capacitive voltage taps (capacitive voltage dividers) in the • Thermal overload protection (49)
bushing to the cable feeder shall enable the verification • Definite time-overcurrent protection (50, 50N)
of safe isolation from supply at the panel front without • Circuit-breaker failure protection (50BF)
danger. The degree of protection of the switchgear must • Inverse time-overcurrent protection (51, 51N)
not be reduced thereby • Trip circuit supervision (74TC)
• The switchgear must be extendable on site without • Lockout (86)
longer shutdown periods • Parameter set changeover
• Measurement values
The digital protection device 7SJ80 of the SIPROTEC Compact • Switching-statistic counters
series (Fig. 7/4) can provide multifunction overcurrent • Logic editor
protection. It is designed for line protection of high- and • Inrush-current detection
medium-voltage systems with earthed, impedance • External trip initiation
earthed, isolated, or compensated neutral. Apart from that, • Control
the device can be used as backup protection or as a • Fault recording of analogue and binary signals with
supplement for the transformer differential protection. adjustable pre-fault and post-fault time
• Monitoring
7
Fig. 7/4: Numerical protection device 7SJ80 of the
SIPROTEC Compact product family
Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems 93
7.3 Low-voltage Switchgear The NPS-SPS coupling cubicle is also equipped with a 3WL
air circuit-breaker. For measurements and measurement
Fig. 7/5 shows the SIVACON S8 low-voltage switchboard for display, the incoming feeder and coupling cubicles each
normal power supply to the surgical department presented feature three instrument transformers and a 7KM
in Fig. 6/6 as an example of a main distribution board. This PAC3200 multifunctional measuring device for flush
is a design verified power switchgear and controlgear mounting (Fig. 7/6).
assembly according to IEC 61439-2.
The outgoing feeder cubicle in universal mounting
For infeed to the three transformers, incoming feeder design accommodates the three outgoing feeders of the
cubicles with 3WL air circuit-breakers in withdrawable switchboard in fixed-mounted design, with a front door
design are used. A cubicle comprises the following func- each. The assembly kit height for the 3KL55 switch-
tional compartments: disconnector with fuses is 300 mm; for the 3VA20
• Device compartment moulded-case circuit-breaker, 150 mm is specified; and
• Auxiliary or measuring device compartment 200 mm for the 3VA23 (Fig. 7/7). The moulded-case
• Cable or busbar connection compartment circuit-breakers are installed in lying position
• Busbar compartment (connections on the left and right).
• Cross-wiring compartment
Outgoing feeders
FSD 1.1A.12a
Incoming feeder Incoming feeder Incoming feeder Bus coupler CB 1.2A.2a
Q1.1 Q1.2 Q1.3 NPS-SPS CB UPS Bypass
SIEMENS SIEMENS SIEMENS SIEMENS SIEMENS
SIVACON SIVACON SIVACON SIVACON SIVACON
7
TIP05_15_053_EN
94 Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems
Fig. 7/6: 3WL air circuit-breaker and PAC3200 measuring device for
incoming feeder and coupling cubicles of the NPS main
distribution board
7
Fig. 7/7: 3VA moulded-case circuit-breaker and 3KL switch-
disconnector for outgoing feeders of the NPS main
distribution board
Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems 95
7.4 Distribution Boards As an alternative, the user can select a different panel
width in SIMARIS project. With a panel width of 800 mm,
By way of example for the many distribution boards the space requirements can be met, provided the terminal
identified in project design with the SIMARIS planning area reserve is only reduced a little, to 25 % (Fig. 7/8c). The
tools for the surgical department, the following considers 20 % space reserve remains unchanged. Your TIP contact
the ALPHA 400 distribution board for outgoing partner will help you find the optimum solution using the
distribution of the BSV/ZSV. In SIMARIS project, a 2.70 m SIMARIS software tools (siemens.com/tip-cs/contact).
wide wall distribution board (in accordance with
IEC 61439‑1/‑2/‑3, DIN VDE 0603‑1 standards) is created For residual-current protection, the 3VA2 moulded-case
(Fig. 7/8a). The program places the devices in the largest circuit-breakers can be supplemented for power socket
possible panel, and inserts a second panel to obtain the circuits with differential current protection devices RCD820
space reserve of 20 % and the terminal area reserve of (Advanced type A). Tripping by RCD820 can be read from
30 %. If the user reduces both values to 10 % in the the LCD display of the ETU.
program, one panel is sufficient (Fig. 7/8b). However,
the reserves are then very tight. Other devices in the distribution board in addition to the
3VA2 moulded-case circuit-breakers are the 3VL switch-
disconnector for connection of the BSV/ZSV manual bypass
and the 3NP1 fuse-switch-disconnector to the transformer
for the medical IT network.
a)
1,400 mm
b) c)
1,400 mm
1,400 mm
7
1,350 mm 800 mm 800 mm
Fig. 7/8: Front view for ALPHA 400 distribution board from SIMARIS project
a) Unchanged output of the file imported from SIMARIS design
b) Output if reserve values each reduced to 10 %
c) Output for an unchanged space reserve of 20 % and a terminal area reserve of 25 % with a panel width of 800 mm
96 Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems
7.5 Busbar Trunking Systems accordance with EN 1366-3. It thus meets building require-
ments according to European Standards, providing a high
The design verified LI busbar trunking system (Fig. 7/9) degree of safety for the hospital. The design verified con-
offers a broad range of trunking and tap-off units in nection to SIVACON S8 switchboards and the transformer
accordance with the IEC 61439-1/-6 standards. As a result, feeding units also contribute to this.
it enables high personnel and system safety as well as
improved operational availability. The degrees of protection The plug-on/off tap-off units up to 1,250 A and a wide
IP55 and IP66 also contribute to this. range of feeding units as well as trunking units for change
of direction permit cost-effective and easy restructuring of
The fire barrier for the LI system has been tested for fire the electric power supply for medical areas, as required by
resistance classes EI90 and EI120 (category of EN 13501) in the remodelling examples presented in chapter 2.
6 2
4
5
2
2 3
2
Transformer connection/feeding unit
Fire barrier
5
6
Junction unit
Tap-off unit
7
3 Connection/feeding unit to SIVACON S8 7 Accessories for mounting
4 Straight trunking unit TIP05_15_055_EN
Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems 97
With the different conductor configurations with PE,
neutral, and clean-earth execution (insulated PE; Fig. 7/10), 155 mm 155 mm
siemens.com/specifications
siemens.com/tip-cs/contact
TIP05_15_056_EN
98 Totally Integrated Power – Designing and Configuring the Main Components of Electric Power Distribution Systems
Chapter 8
Annex
8.1 List of Standards Cited 100
8.2 Lighting Specifications for Rooms
in Hospitals According to DIN 5035-3 104
8.3 List of Abbreviations 106
8.4 Literature References 110
8 Annex
IEC 60364-7-710 VDE 0100-710 Elektrische Anlagen von Gebäuden – Teil 7-710: Electrical installations of buildings – Part 7-710:
Anforderungen für Betriebsstätten, Räume und Requirements for special installations or
Anlagen besonderer Art; Medizinisch genutzte locations; Medical locations
Bereiche
VDI 2067 Wirtschaftlichkeit gebäudetechnischer Anlagen – Economic efficiency of building installations –
Sheet 1 Grundlagen und Kostenberechnung Fundamentals and economic calculation
DIN 13080 Gliederung des Krankenhauses in Classification of hospitals into functional areas
Funktionsbereiche und Funktionsstellen and locations
DIN 13080 Gliederung des Krankenhauses in Classification of hospitals into functional areas
Sheet 4 Funktionsbereiche und Funktionsstellen – Begriffe and locations – Terminology and classification
und Gliederung der Zielplanung für Allgemeine of planning for general hospitals
Krankenhäuser
EN 15221-6 DIN EN 15221-6 Facility Management – Teil 6: Flächenbemessung Facility Management – Part 6: Area and Space
im Facility Management Measurement in Facility Management
IS 12433-2 Grundlegende Anforderung an die Planung von Basic requirements for hospital planning –
Krankenhäusern –Teil 2: Krankenhäuser mit bis zu Part 2; up to 100 bedded hospital
100 Betten
DIN 277-2 Grundflächen und Rauminhalte von Bauwerken im Areas and volumes of buildings – Part 2:
Hochbau – Teil 2: Gliederung der Nettogrundfläche Classification of net floor areas (primary areas,
(Nutzflächen, Technische Funktionsflächen und technical areas and circulation areas)
Verkehrsflächen)
VDI 3807-2 Verbrauchskennwerte für Gebäude – Characteristic consumption values for buildings
Verbrauchskennwerte für Heizenergie, Strom und – Characteristic heating-energy, electrical-
Wasser energy and water consumption values
IEC 60364-5-52 VDE 0100-520 Errichten von Niederspannungsanlagen – Teil 5-52: Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-52:
Auswahl und Errichtung elektrischer Betriebsmittel Selection and erection of electrical equipment –
– Kabel- und Leitungsanlagen Wiring systems
IEC 60364-5-56 VDE 0100-560 Errichten von Niederspannungsanlagen – Teil 5-56: Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-56:
Auswahl und Errichtung elektrischer Betriebsmittel Selection and erection of electrical equipment –
– Einrichtungen für Sicherheitszwecke Safety services
IEC 60601-1 VDE 0750-1 Medizinische elektrische Geräte – Teil 1: Allgemeine Medical electrical equipment – Part 1: General
Festlegungen für die Sicherheit einschließlich der requirements for basic safety and essential
wesentlichen Leistungsmerkmale performance
VDE 0107 Starkstromanlagen in Krankenhäusern und Electrical installations in hospitals and locations
medizinisch genutzten Räumen außerhalb von for medical use outside hospitals
Krankenhäusern
VDE 0100-710 Errichten von Niederspannungsanlagen – Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 7-710:
Sheet1 Teil 7-710: Anforderungen für Betriebsstätten, Requirements for special installations or
Räume und Anlagen besonderer Art – Medizinisch locations – Medical locations; Supplement 1:
genutzte Bereiche; Beiblatt 1: Erläuterungen zur Explanation for application of the normative
Anwendung der normativen Anforderungen aus requirements of DIN VDE 0100-710
DIN VDE 0100-710
ÖVE/ÖNORM Starkstromanlagen in Krankenhäusern und Electrical installations in hospitals and locations
E 8007 medizinisch genutzten Räumen außerhalb von for medical use outside hospitals
Krankenhäusern
NEN 1010-7-710 Elektrische Anlagen von Gebäuden – Teil 7-710: Electrical installations of buildings – Part 7-710:
Anforderungen für Betriebsstätten, Räume und Requirements for special installations or
Anlagen besonderer Art; Medizinisch genutzte locations; Medical locations
Bereiche
BS 7671 Forderungen fuer elektrische Installationen. IET- Requirements for Electrical Installations. IET
Verdrahtungsregelungen Wiring Regulations
8
HTM 06-01 Medizintechnisches Memorandum 06-01: Health Technical Memorandum 06-01: Electrical
Part A Elektrische Energieversorgung und -verteilung – services supply and distribution – Part A: Design
Teil A: Auslegungsgrundlagen considerations
8
IEC 62606 AMD 1 VDE 0665-10/A1 Allgemeine Anforderungen an Fehlerlichtbogen- General requirements for arc fault detection
Schutzeinrichtungen devices
IEC 60702-1 VDE 0284-1 Mineralisolierte Leitungen mit einer Nennspannung Mineral insulated cables and their terminations
bis 750 V – Teil 1: Leitungen with a rated voltage not exceeding 750 V –
Part 1: Cables
IEC 60702-2 VDE 0284-2 Mineralisolierte Leitungen mit einer Nennspannung Mineral insulated cables and their terminations
bis 750 V – Teil 2: Endverschlüsse with a rated voltage not exceeding 750 V –
Part 2: Terminations
IEC 60331 Normenreihe: Prüfungen an Kabeln und isolierten Series of standards: Tests for electric cables
Leitungen im Brandfall – Isolationserhalt under fire conditions – Circuit integrity
IEC 60332-1-2 VDE 0482-332-1-2 Prüfungen an Kabeln, isolierten Leitungen und Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under
Glasfaserkabeln im Brandfall – Teil 1-2: Prüfung der fire conditions – Part 1-2: Test for vertical flame
vertikalen Flammenausbreitung an einer Ader, propagation for a single insulated wire or cable
einer isolierten Leitung oder einem Kabel – – Procedure for 1 kW pre-mixed flame
Prüfverfahren mit 1-kW-Flamme mit Gas/Luft-
Gemisch
MLAR Muster-Leitungsanlagen-Richtlinie Sample directive on fireproofing requirements
for conduits and line systems
VdS 2226 Krankenhäuser, Pflegeheime und ähnliche Hospitals, care homes and similar facilities for
Einrichtungen zur Unterbringung oder Behandlung the accommodation or treatment of people –
von Personen – Richtlinien für den Brandschutz guidelines for fire protection
EltBauVO Verordnung über den Bau von Betriebsräumen für Ordinance governing the construction of
elektrische Anlagen operating theatres for electrical installations
DIN 4102-12 Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen – Fire behaviour of building materials and
Teil 12: Funktionserhalt von elektrischen building components; pipe encasements, pipe
Kabelanlagen; Anforderungen und Prüfungen bushings, service shafts and ducts, and barriers
across inspection openings; terminology,
requirements and testing
IEC 62271-200 VDE 0671-200 Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen – High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Teil 200: Metallgekapselte Wechselstrom- Part 200: AC metal-enclosed switchgear and
Schaltanlagen für Bemessungsspannungen über 1 controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and
kV bis einschließlich 52 kV up to and including 52 kV
IEC/TR 61641 Niederspannungs-Schaltgerätekombinationen in Enclosed low-voltage switchgear and
geschlossener Bauform – Leitfaden für die Prüfung controlgear assemblies – Guide for testing
unter Störlichtbogenbedingungen durch einen under conditions of arcing due to internal faults
inneren Fehler
DIN 5035 Normenreihe: Beleuchtung mit künstlichem Licht Series of standards: Artificial lighting
DIN 5035-3 Beleuchtung mit künstlichem Licht – Teil 3: Artificial lighting – Part 3: Lighting of health
Beleuchtung im Gesundheitswesen care premises
IEC 61439 VDE 0660-600 Normenreihe: Niederspannungs- Series of standards: Low-voltage switchgear and
Schaltgerätekombinationen controlgear assemblies
IEC 61439-1 VDE 0660-600-1 Niederspannungs-Schaltgerätekombinationen – Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Teil 1: Allgemeine Festlegungen assemblies – Part 1: General rules
IEC 61439-2 VDE 0660-600-2 Niederspannungs-Schaltgerätekombinationen – Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Teil 2: Energie-Schaltgerätekombinationen assemblies – Part 2: Power switchgear and
controlgear assemblies
IEC 61439-3 VDE 0660-600-3 Niederspannungs-Schaltgerätekombinationen – Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Teil 3: Installationsverteiler für die Bedienung durch assemblies – Part 3: Distribution boards
Laien (DBO) intended to be operated by ordinary persons
(DBO)
IEC 61439-6 VDE 0660-600-6 Niederspannungs-Schaltgerätekombinationen – Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Teil 6: Schienenverteilersysteme (busways) assemblies – Part 6: Busbar trunking systems
(busways)
8
102 Totally Integrated Power – Annex
International National German title English title
DIN 1946-4 Raumlufttechnik – Teil 4: Raumlufttechnische Ventilation and air conditioning – Part 4:
Anlagen in Gebäuden und Räumen des Ventilation in buildings and rooms of health
Gesundheitswesens care
IEC 60076-11 VDE 0532-76-11 Leistungstransformatoren – Teil 11: Power transformers – Part 10: Determination of
Trockentransformatoren sound levels
VDE 0603-1 Installationsverteiler und Zählerplätze AC 400 V; Consumer units and meter panels AC 400 V;
Installationskleinverteiler und Zählerplätze consumer units and meter panels
EN 13501 Normenreihe: Klassifizierung von Bauprodukten Series of standards: Fire classification of
und Bauarten zu ihrem Brandverhalten construction products and building elements
EN 1366-3 Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen für Installationen – Fire resistance tests for service installations –
Teil 3: Abschottungen Part 3: Penetration seals
EN 12464-1 Licht und Beleuchtung – Beleuchtung von Light and lighting – Lighting of work places –
Arbeitsstätten – Teil 1: Arbeitsstätten in Part 1: Indoor work places
Innenräumen
8
Totally Integrated Power – Annex 103
8.2 Lighting Specifications for Rooms in Hospitals According to DIN 5035-3
Reference Em UGRL Ra Notes (numbers after “see” refer to the
Type of room, function, or
No. no. EN in lx corresponding sections of the standard
activity
12464-1 DIN 5035-3)
A.1 Multi-purpose rooms
A.1.1 7.1.1 Waiting rooms 200 22 80 See 5.1.2
A.1.2 7.1.2 Corridors: during the day 200 22 80 See 5.1.1
A.1.3 Corridors in the surgical 300 19 80 See 5.1.1
department
A.1.4 7.1.3 Corridors: at night 50 22 80 See 5.1.1
A.1.5 7.1.4 Day rooms 200 22 80 See 5.1.2
A.1.6 Reception 300 22 80 See 5.1.3
A.1.7 Reception with screen work 500 19 80 See 5.1.3
A.2 Staff rooms
A.2.1 7.2.1 Offices 500 19 80
A.2.2 7.2.2 Staff break rooms 300 19 80
A.3 Bed rooms, confinement rooms
A.3.1 7.3.1 General lighting 100 19 80 Illuminance on the floor (illuminance at
0.85 m above the floor see 5.3; luminance of
lights and ceiling see 5.3.2)
A.3.2 General lighting in bed rooms 200 19 80 Illuminance at 0.85 m above the floor
for infants
A.3.3 7.3.2 Reading lighting 300 19 80 Definition of reading level and maximum
luminance of the reading light, see 5.3.3
A.3.4 7.3.3 Simple examinations 300 19 80 Definition of examination level, see 5.3.3
A.3.5 7.3.4 Examinations and treatment 1,000 19 90 Where necessary with mobile lights
A.3.6 7.3.5 Night lighting, overview lighting 5 – 80 Illuminance at 0.85 m above the floor,
See 5.3
A.3.7 Night lighting, overview lighting 20 – 80 Illuminance at 0.85 m above the floor,
in bed rooms for infants See 5.3
A.3.8 Orientation lighting – – 80 See 5.3.6
A.3.9 7.3.6 Bathrooms and toilets for 200 22 80
patients
A.4 Examination rooms
A.4.1 7.4.1 General lighting 500 19 90
A.4.2 7.4.2 Examination and treatment 1,000 19 90
A.7 Imaging diagnostic and treatment rooms
A.7.1 7.7.1 General lighting 300 19 80
A.7.2 7.7.2 Imaging diagnostics with image 50 19 80 See DIN EN 12464-1 and DIN 5035-7
amplifiers and video systems
A.7.3 Direct analysis on visual display 30 – 80 Lighting must be adjustable up to 1 lx where
units necessary
A.8 Delivery rooms
A.8.1 7.8.1 General lighting 300 19 80 Adjustable lighting where necessary
A.8.2 7.8.2 Examination and treatment 1,000 19 80 Where necessary with mobile lights
8
104 Totally Integrated Power – Annex
Reference Em UGRL Ra Notes (numbers after “see” refer to the
Type of room, function, or
No. no. EN in lx corresponding sections of the standard
activity
12464-1 DIN 5035-3)
A.9 Treatment rooms (general)
A.9.1 7.9.1 Dialysis 500 19 80 Lighting should be adjustable, see 5.4.3.6.
– Entry and exit
A.9.2 – General lighting 100 19 80 See 5.3.2 and 5.4.3.6
A.9.3 – Reading lighting 300 19 80 See 5.3.3 and 5.4.3.6
A.9.4 7.9.2 Dermatology 500 19 90 See 5.4.3.7
A.9.5 7.9.3 Endoscopy rooms 300 19 80 See 5.4.3.8
A.9.6 Endoscopic examinations 50 19 80 Lighting where necessary adjustable to even
lower illuminances
A.9.7 7.9.4 First-aid rooms 500 19 80
A.9.8 7.9.5 Medical baths 300 19 80 See 5.4.3.9
A.9.9 7.9.6 Massage and radiotherapy 300 19 80
A.10 Surgical department
A.10.1 7.10.1 Pre-op and recovery rooms 500 19 90
A.10.2 Recovery phase 100 Glare-free for the prone patient
A.10.3 Additional lighting 1,000 19 85 See 5.5.4
A.10.4 7.10.2 Operating theatres 1,000 19 90
A.10.5 Operating table surroundings 2,000 19 90 Target maintenance value of illuminance
2,000 lx
A.10.6 7.10.3 Operating area – – – EC = 40,000 lx to 160,000 lx;
see EN 60601-2-41
A.11 Intensive care unit
A.11.1 7.11.1 General lighting 100 19 90 Illuminance on the floor (illuminance at
0.85 m above the floor see 5.3; luminance of
lights and ceiling see 5.3.2)
A.11.2 7.11.2 Simple examinations 300 19 90 Illuminance on the bed
A.11.3 7.11.3 Examinations and treatment 1,000 19 90 Illuminance on the bed
A.11.4 7.11.4 Night-time monitoring 20 19 90 Illuminance at 0.85 m above the floor,
see 5.3
A.14 Laboratories and pharmacies
A.14.1 7.13.1 General lighting 500 19 80
A.14.2 7.13.2 Colour testing 1,000 19 90 Colour temperature ≥ 6,000 K
A 14.3 Shelf/cabinet lighting 200 19 80 Where necessary with additional lighting
A.15 Sterile rooms
A.15.1 7.14.1 Sterilisation rooms 300 22 80
A.15.2 7.14.2 Disinfection rooms 300 22 80
A.16 Autopsy rooms and mortuaries
A.16.1 7.15.1 General lighting 500 19 90
A.16.2 7.15.2 Autopsy and dissecting table 5,000 – 90 Values higher than 5,000 lx may be required
Em Maintenance value of illuminance in lx
UGRL Unified glare rating
Ra Colour rendering index
8
Totally Integrated Power – Annex 105
8.3 List of Abbreviations
A C
AA Amenity area CA Circulation area
AC Alternating current CB Circuit-breaker
ACB Air circuit-breaker CB-f AR Circuit-breaker fixed-mounted, automatic
AFDD Arc fault detection device reclosing
ANSI American National Standards Institute CIHI Canadian Institute for Health Information
8
ETU Electronic trip unit
H M
HBF Hill-Burton Formula MCB Miniature circuit-breaker
HOAI Fee regulations for architects and engineers MCCB Moulded-case circuit-breaker
(Germany)
MD Main distribution board
HOPE Hospitals for Europe
ME Medical-electrical
HTM Health Technical Memorandum (UK)
MES Manufacturing execution system
HV High voltage
MLAR Specimen cable installation guideline
HVAC Heating, ventilation, air conditioning (Germany)
MR Magnetic resonance
I
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
I&C Instrumentation and control
MV Medium voltage
IABP Intra-aortal balloon pump
IAC Internal arc classification
ICA Interior construction area
ICT Information and communications technology
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEC/TR Technical Report by the International
Electrotechnical Commission
IFA Internal floor area
IMD Insulation monitoring device
IS Indian standard
ISO International Organisation for Standardization
8
Totally Integrated Power – Annex 107
N S
NEN Dutch standard (nl: Nederlandse Norm) SD Sub-distribution board
NF French standard (fr: Norme française) SDF Switch-disconnector with fuse
NFA Net floor area SELV Safety extra-low voltage
NLA Non-functional level area SEM Sustainability and energy management
NPS Normal power supply SF6 Sulphur hexafluoride
NRA Net room area SHV Smoke and heat vents
SIA Swiss engineers’ and architects’ association
O SN Swiss standard
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and SNS National health authority of Portugal
Development (pt: Serviço Nacional de Saúde)
ÖSG Austrian Health Structure Plan SPS Safety power supply
ÖVE/ Standard of the Austrian
ÖNORM Electrotechnical Association
T
OT Operating theatre
TA Technical area
TBS Total Building Solutions
P
TIA Totally Integrated Automation
PA Primary area
TIP Totally Integrated Power
PACS Picture archiving and communication system
PDMS Patient data management system
U
PE Protective earth
UAA Unrestricted use amenity area
PELV Protective extra low voltage
UCA Unrestricted use circulation area
PET Positron emission tomograph
UPA Unrestricted use primary area
PWA Partition wall area
UPS Uninterruptible power supply
UTA Unrestricted use technical area
R
RAA Restricted amenity area
RAS Room air system
RCA Restricted circulation area
RCD Residual current device
RPA Restricted primary area
RTA Restricted technical area
8
108 Totally Integrated Power – Annex
V
VDE German electrical engineering and electronics
association (de: Verband der Elektrotechnik
und Elektronik)
VDI German engineers’ association (de: Verein
Deutscher Ingenieure)
W
WHO World Health Organization
Z
ZSV Additional safety power supply (de: Zusätzliche
Sicherheitsstromversorgung)
8
Totally Integrated Power – Annex 109
8.4 Literature References
[1] “Bundesgesetz über Krankenanstalten und Kuranstalten” (KAKuG) [Austrian Federal Hospitals Act] Federal Gazette No. 1/1957
available at http://www.ris.bka.gv.at
[2] “Gesetz zur wirtschaftlichen Sicherung der Krankenhäuser und zur Regelung der Krankenhauspflegesätze
(Krankenhausfinanzierungsgesetz – KHG)” [Law governing the economic safeguarding of hospitals and regulating hospital care
rates (Hospital Financing Act – KHG)] (Germany) available at http://www.juris.de
[3] OECD Health Statistics 2015; http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/health-data.htm
[4] Hospitals in the 27 Member States of the European Union; HOPE, 2009
[5] “Österreichischer Strukturplan Gesundheit” [Austrian Health Structure Plan] 2012;GESUNDHEIT ÖSTERREICH GMBH (GÖG), 2012
[6] “Der energetische Sanierungsbedarf und der Neubaubedarf von Gebäuden der kommunalen und sozialen Infrastruktur” [Energy
upgrade requirement and need for new buildings in municipal and communal infrastructure]; Bremen Energy Institute, 2011
[7] “RWI Materialien”, volume 84: “Krankenhausplanung 2.0” [Hospital planning 2.0]; Rhine-Westphalia Institute for Economic
Research, 2014
[8] Presentation by K. Lennerts “Nachhaltige Krankenhäuser” [Sustainable hospitals]; at the 33rd German Hospitals Conference 2010,
published at
http://www.deutscher-krankenhaustag.de/de/vortraege/meldungen/2010_10_25_76272757_meldung.php?navid=4
[9] Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines – Summary; Planning Department Government of the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region, 2014
[10] Global hospital Management Survey – China; China Center for Health Economics Research, Peking University, 2014
[11] ENERY COST AND CONSUMPTION IN A LARGE ACUTE HOSPITAL; S.C. Hu, J.D. Chen and Y.K. Chuah – Int. Journal on Architectural
Science, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2004
[12] “Benchmarking im Krankenhaus – Schwerpunkte Energie und Instandhaltung” [Benchmarking in hospitals – focus points energy
and maintenance]; Diez K., Lennerts K.
(Conference papers, Facility Management trade fair and congress, Frankfurt am Main), 2010
[13] “Baumanagement und Bauökonomie” [Construction management and economics]; Teubner-Verlag (publ.: Liebchen, Jens; Viering,
Markus G.; Zanner, Christian), 2007
[14] “Vierundzwanzigster Zusammenfassender Bericht ‘Gesundheitswesen – Kliniken’” [24th Summary Report on Healthcare Clinics];
Hessischer Rechnungshof (Audit Office of the State of Hesse)
(publ.: M. Eibelshäuser, President, Hessischer Rechnungshof), 2013
[15] ENERGY STAR® Score for Hospitals in the United States; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2014
[16] ENERGY STAR® Score for Hospitals in Canada; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2014
[17] “Kennzahlen zum Energieverbrauch in Dienstleistungsgebäuden” [Data on energy consumption in service facilities]; ÖGUT, 2011
[18] Learning from French hospital design (2004) – BDP
[19] “Krankenanstalten in Zahlen 2013” [Healthcare facilities in figures 2013]; Austrian Federal Ministry of Health, 2014
[20] Energy Efficiency in Hospitals, Maxi Brochure 05; Caddet, 1997
[21] Project number 53/09: “Energieverbrauch des Sektors Gewerbe, Handel, Dienstleistungen (GHD) in Deutschland für die Jahre 2007
bis 2010” [Energy consumption of the commercial/light industrial, retail and service sectors in Germany for the years 2007 to
2010], final report to the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi); 2013, IREES, GfK, IfE, Fraunhofer ISI, BASE-ING.
[22] Managing energy costs in hospitals; US National Grid, 2002
[23] “Blockheizkraftwerke in Krankenhäusern” [Combined heat and power plants in hospitals]; ASUE, 2010
[24] “Leitfaden Energieeffizienz für Krankenhäuser” [Guide to energy efficiency for hospitals]; EnergieAgentur.NRW [Energy Agency of
the State of North Rhine-Westphalia], 2010
[25] “Kennzahlen zum Energieverbrauch in Dienstleistungsgebäuden” [Data on energy consumption in service facilities]; ÖGUT, 2011
[26] Brochure no. 128: “EltAnlagen 2015” [Electrical installations 2015]; German Local Authorities Mechanical and Electrical
Engineering Working Group (AMEV), 2015
[27] Brochure no. 98: “Elt. Anlagen 2007” [Electrical installations 2007]; German Local Authorities Mechanical and Electrical
Engineering Working Group (AMEV), 2007
[28] “Energie im Krankenhaus” [Energy in hospitals]; ENERGIEAGENTUR NRW [Energy Agency of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia],
2000
8
[29] “Präsentation von Best-Practise-Beispielen zu Energieeinsparung und Kostensenkung in Krankenhäusern” [Presentation of best-
practice examples for energy saving and cost cutting in hospitals]; W. Köhler in “Energieeffizientes Krankenhaus – für Klimaschutz
und Kostensenkung” [Energy-efficient hospital – for climate protection and cost cutting], ehbs 154 (publ. S. Leittretter), 2005
8
isolating transformers in SIMARIS® design for application in hospitals]; Siemens AG, 2015
[56] “Siemens Schutzgeräte – Funktionsübersicht SIPROTEC und Reyrolle Edition 4” [Siemens protection devices – functional overview
SIPROTEC and Reyrolle Edition 4]; Siemens AG, 2015
Published by
Siemens AG
Energy Management
Medium Voltage & Systems
Editorial
Siemens AG:
Dr. Siegbert Hopf
E-mail: [email protected]
Technical support
Siemens AG:
Ulrike Fleischmann, Wolfgang Fruth, Ralf Gluth
GNUSE Ingenieurbüro für
Krankenhaustechnik GmbH & Co. KG:
Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Spies
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PublicisPixelpark
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D-91052 Erlangen
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Subject to changes and errors. The information given Artis zeego, GEAFOL, MAGNETOM, MAGNETOM
in this document only contains general descriptions Essenza, MAGNETOM Skyra, SIMARIS, SIPROTEC,
and/or performance features which may not always SIVACON, TIA, and TIP Totally Integrated Power are
specifically reflect those described, or which may registered trademarks of Siemens AG. Any unauthorized
undergo modification in the course of further use is prohibited. All other designations in this document
development of the products. The requested may represent trademarks whose use by third parties for
performance features are binding only when they are their own purposes may violate the proprietary rights of
expressly agreed upon in the concluded contract. the owner.