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  • Developmental Psychology Reviewer

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    Javee Gamboa
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    Developmental psychology studies how individuals change over time from conception to death. There are two main processes of development: maturation, which is the biological unfolding according to a person's genetic inheritance, and learning from experiences. Development involves changes in motor, cognitive, social, and other skills. Researchers study development to understand children's abilities and gain insight into human nature. Development can be examined through different perspectives such as continual, holistic, plasticity, and historical/cultural lenses. Researchers use various methods like observation, interviews, and experiments to reliably and validly measure development.

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    Developmental psychology studies how individuals change over time from conception to death. There are two main processes of development: maturation, which is the biological unfolding according to a person's genetic inheritance, and learning from experiences. Development involves changes in motor, cognitive, social, and other skills. Researchers study development to understand children's abilities and gain insight into human nature. Development can be examined through different perspectives such as continual, holistic, plasticity, and historical/cultural lenses. Researchers use various methods like observation, interviews, and experiments to reliably and validly measure development.

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    2K views3 pages

    Developmental Psychology Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Javee Gamboa
    Developmental psychology studies how individuals change over time from conception to death. There are two main processes of development: maturation, which is the biological unfolding according to a person's genetic inheritance, and learning from experiences. Development involves changes in motor, cognitive, social, and other skills. Researchers study development to understand children's abilities and gain insight into human nature. Development can be examined through different perspectives such as continual, holistic, plasticity, and historical/cultural lenses. Researchers use various methods like observation, interviews, and experiments to reliably and validly measure development.

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    of 3

    Developmental Psychology Reasons of Studying Development

     Development is a key to understanding


    children`s capabilities
    Developmental Process
     Motor Skills: gross motor
    Development – systematic continuities and fine motor
    changes in the individual that occur  Cognitive Skills
    between conception and death (to avoid  Social Skills
    fixation)  Development as a means for insight into
    - Caused by Maturation, the the nature form.
    biological unfolding of the individual  Development and social policy
    according to species-typical biological Nature of Development
    inheritance and an individual person`s
    biological inheritance. Period of Development Areas of Development
    1. Pre – Natal Perception
    2 Developmental Processes that underlie
    2. Infancy Action
    developmental change
    3. Preschool Cognition
     Maturation – Biological unfolding of the 4. Young School Age Morality
    individual 5. Later School Age Social Behavior
     species typical 6. Adolescence Emotions
     person`s biological inheritance 7. Young Adulthood
    8. Middle Adulthood
     Learning
    9. Late Adulthood
     Experiences produces relatively
    changes in our:
    Basic Questions about Psychological
    - feelings
    Development
    - thoughts
     Stage like, continuous or both?
    - behavior  Global or Local?
     Nature or Nurture?
    4 Approaches of Development
    Perspective on Development
    1. Continual
    Empiricism – All knowledge are acquired
    2. Holistic
    through senses
    3. Plasticity
     John Locke – knowledge is built up
    4. Historical and Cultural by forming links, on mental
    associations, between the
    phenomena and our experiences.
     George Berkeley – Association
    based knowledge explained in how
    we perceive and interpret the visual Neuroscience- Maturation of the brain
    world. - Nervous system changes
     David Hume – used association- as a result of experiences.
    based knowledge to develop a
    theory about how humans Behaviorist - Focus on observable behaviors
    understand cause and effect and how they are shaped by external
    relationship. factors over the course of development.
    - Deliberately ignore all
    Nativism - The nativists agreed that these in
    information about mental states and
    born capacities (knowledge) were more
    processes.
    specialized and more complex than the
    general associative mechanism proposed by
    Psychoanalytic – Emphasize the power of
    the empiricists.
    the unconscious thoughts and emotions
    Comparative and Evolutionary occurring outside awareness – to affect
    behavior
    - cross-species; - generational
    - the view that many kinds
    same time
    of psychological problems are result of
    conflicts between different components of
    - ask how and why a particular trait,
    the mind.
    whether it is a body part or behavior,
    emerged over successive generations of a
    Cognitive Science
    population through the process of natural
    selection.
    different types of information processing
    - Ethology – the study of traits from an
    take lace in real organism in real time.
    adaptive evolutionary perspective that
    usually involves comparisons across species.
    Thus, ethologists examine how certain traits
    improves as species fitness within its Psychology
    specific environment, conferring
    advantages that make members of the
    species that have these traits more likely to
    Computer
    survive and produce viable offspring. Linguistics
    Science

    Cognitive
    Cross Cultural Science
    Main issues :
    1. How do cultural variations influence
    patterns of development?
    2. What aspects of behavior or mind, if
    Philosophy Neuroscience
    any, develop in the same way
    throughout the world?
    Research Strategies: Basic Methods of does not guarantee validity. ( Greasley,
    Designs 2006)

     Self-report Methodologies
    What makes scientific psychology
    scientific? - Interviews and Questionnaires

     Observational Methodology
     Scientific method because of
    -
    empiricism

    Observation

    Theory Question

    Reject
    Results Hypothesis
    hypothesis

    Experiment Prediiction

     Objective - everyone who examines the


    data will have the same conclusions
     Replicable- Everytime the method is
    used it results in the same data and
    conclusions.
    Basic Fact-Finding Strategies

     Reliability – yields consistent


    information over time and across others
     Validity – It measures what it is
    supposed to measure
    An instrument must be reliable before it can
    possibly be valid. Yet reliability, by itself,

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