21st Century Literature
21st Century Literature
FICTION
•Anarrative that springs from the
imagination of the writer, though it
may be based on actual events and
real people. The writer shapes his or
her narrative to capture the reader’s
interest and to achieve desired effects.
2 MAJOR
TYPES OF FICTION
1. SHORT STORY
•Abrief work of fiction, usually written in
prose and running 1,600 - 2,000 words in
length.
•Theliterary roots of the short story can be
found in oral story telling traditions such
as anecdotes, fables, fairy tales and
parables.
2. NOVEL
•Anovel is a long, fictional narrative
which describes intimate human
experiences, usually through a
connected sequence of events
involving a group of persons in
specific settings.
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
CHARACTERS
• Refers to the persons, animals,
plants, inanimate objects such
as robots, natural and
supernatural beings that
possess life and give life to the
story.
KINDS OF CHARACTER
A. PROTAGONIST B. ANTAGONIST
• The character whom • The character is
the story revolve opposed to the
protagonist;
• Also called the HERO/
HEROINE • This character may be
major character or
• HE/SHE is
minor (supporting)
traditionally an
one
outstanding character
with good traits.
C. CONFIDANT D. BACKGROUND CHARACTER
5. CLIMAX 6. RESOLUTION
• The highest of the story • The part of the plot
during which the audience/
readers know how the in which the
conflict will be resolved. conflict is resolved.
7. FALLING ACTION 8. CONCLUSION
• The incident that • The last part of
leads to conclusion. the plot which
gives the story
some finality.
SETTING
• It refers to the time and place in which the
events of narrative take place.
• It includes not only the physical environment
in which the characters interact, but also the
cultural, sociological, religious and other
milieus, as well as the ideas customs, values
and beliefs of particular time and place.
CONFLICT
• It is the motivating driving force that
involves both characters and readers
in narrative
4 KINDS OF CONFLICT
1. SOCIAL 3. METAPHYSICAL
• Man vs. Man • Man vs.
• Protagonist vs. Supernatural
Antagonist beings
2. PHYSICAL 4. PSCHOLOGICAL
• Man vs. Nature • Man vs. Himself
THEME
• The idea or concept of the author
expressed in a concise statement.
• Message of the story
• Either the psychological environment
of the predominant mood of literary
piece.