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l) Pilgrim's
Progress.
Literature Lecture —3
Famous Quotation :
"In prayer it is better to have a heart without words than words
(a) The Restoration Period (1660-1700) without
a heart."
3. John Dryden (1631-1700)
Restoration Period !
ORACLE
(c) The 4. 'Tom Jones' by Henry Fielding was first
Age of publish
Sensibility (1745 - 1785/98) i @ 1748 1740
Age of @ 1749 0 1750
Johnsone Ott
I
+ Lyrical Balladsi 3. Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
French
+ Revolution (1789)
Voltaire,
Rousseau
-dtb-u-q!Englishwriter who made lasting contributions
1. Literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic,b•
Benjamin
Franklin i rapher,editor and lexicographer.Samuel Johnson
i piled English Dictionary in1755.
The
Romantic
Period (1798-1832)
Pnntheigrn j
Golden Age of
lyric :
c) Love
language and ommo i zvr:a I)
Supe atüra •smcGq-tfüT9) c.
5 The Prelude Or Growth of a Poet's Mind
k cqt• •r.<tF
The Prelude
Lake poets ar 6. The Recluse (1888) Recluse
Coleridge and Ro illiam._.Words orth, Samuel Taylor i
Bears, the Original Goldilocks Story of the Three i
Story)
1. William Wordsworth (1770-1850) 7. (O
Lucy )
Michael
Written in March
i) William Wordsworth died in 1850. 1()• Ode to Duty
•ll. To the Cuckoo
ii) Title of Wordsworthis 'Worshiperof Nature'. i 12. Lyrical Ballads (1798)
iii) Wordsworth is known as 'High Priest of !
'
Nature .[Bang1adesh Bank AD.09J ! Wordsworth f4• Quotations:
iv) William Wordsworth Romantic • Wordsworth Poet of Nature s Poet of
Nature Child Quotations 1
i •
v) The Poet of Nature (36th BCS),a Lake Poet
Poet of Childhood I Nature never did betray the heart that loved
vi) William Wordsworth The French !
Revolution 1 fian•r
(Ttntem Abtey
Dorothy C.
2)
2. Sir Walter Scott (1771- 1832)
The child father of the man. i
(My Heart Leaps up when I ! He was a Scottish historical novelist, playwright, and
. BCS) poet.
Wordswotlh altq Daffodils fåtq
Daffodils
He is called the 'Father of both the Regional and
Quotation : Historical Novels.'
3) All at once I saw a crowd. a host of golden daffodils. i
(35th BCS)
Ivanhoeto
Ten thousands saw I at a glance tossing their heads
In sprightly dance. —The daffodils
"is known works :
1. Ivan Hoe (novel)
2. Patriotism (poem)
4) Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting. i
3. The Talisman (RJ
4. The Lady of the Lake (novel)
5. Waverley
afi- Intimations of •
Immortality kf4v) I 6. The Heart of Midlot
Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feel- i 7. The fih¯Æermotr. (FJ
ings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in I
tranquility." Lyrical Ballads ( i Roy, Y
s. Jection:
The An Ode
6. Nightingale:
biographia A Conversation 4. Where do the following lines occur in ?
Literaria Poem alone, all, all alone, alone on a wide, Wide
(Literary criticism) 138th BCS/
(37
@The Rhymc of the Ancient Mariner
(b)Kubla Khan
(The Devil's @ the Nightingale
Though).
Suicide Arguments). @ The Dungeon
i
Wanderings of Cain). i 4. Charles Lamb (1775-1834)
(The Religious Musings.)
i List or works ;
Questions and Answers
Novels :
1. Which of the following writers belongs to the 1. Sense and Sensibility (1811)
romantic period in English literature? [36th BCS]
@ A. Tennyson O AlexanderPope 2. Pride and Prejudice (1813)
@ John Dryden @ S.T.C01eridge Ans:O i 3. Mansfield Park (1814)
2. The romantic age in English literature began with i 4. Emma(1815)
the publication of— . [36th BCS] 5. Northanger Abbey (1818)
@ Preface to Shakespeare
Preface to Lyrical Ballads 6. Persuasion (1818) erOv))
@ Preface to Ancient Mariners
7. Love and Friendship
Ans.' (D i 8. The History of England
O Preface to Dr. Johnson
3. Who wrote 'Biographia Literaria'? [37thBCS]
@ Lord Byron P.B. Shelley
O Charles Lamb Ans :@ i
@ S.T. Coleridge
Questions and Answers 7. Percy Shelley (1792-1822)
4tG,
*donaisü37tmBcs/
yron I i
Byron dienes
Heaven and Earth.
Done Juan gat-
Don Jaun, Donna Julie on Alfonso, Don Jose, i
Donna Lneze,U
Ode to the west Wind. ('Fm G: Efi
destroyer and preserver )
Quotations :
l. Man's conscience is the oracle of God. )
Ode to a Skylark
2. Sweet is revenge-especially to women. (Don i
4. The Cloud
Juan)
3. Man's love is of man's life a thing apart. Tis i 5' Ozaymandias(a famous sonnet) [Main theme: All thing
woman's whole existence. (Don Juan). 140thBCS]I of great and small will perish.)
4. I loved, love you, for this love have lost, state, sta- The Revolt of Islam (
tion, heaven, mankind's my own esteem. (Don • 7. A Defense of Poetry
Juan)
Question : The Necessity Atheism (fi
1. 'Man's love is of man's life a thing apart, 'Tis woman's i
whole existence.'-This is taken from the poem of- 14dh BCS]! efi
@ P.B Shelley (b Lord Byron
@ John Keats O Edmund Spenser 9. Cenci ( Tragedy)
Exp: Inrd Byron Romantic Period Byron i 10. Prometheus Unbound (a four act
Rebelpoet &ßØByron i
Don Juan cqrcv <tvtæ-
f«v, Shelly COM:
wqftMan's love is separate . l. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
from man's life.love is not indispensable in man's life. But • (Ode to the west BCS
love occupies the whole existence of woman.
ORACLE
Our sweetest songs are those that tell Odc on a Grecian tJrn' (G
of saddest 3. VT41
(n)e speaker refers
to the tnhctent dichotomy of life: to VtXJCold pastoral l)
know joy, we need to
songs contain some know pain. the most beautiful 4. Ode on Melancholy' ft•trofql {'q
clement of anguish. pcthaps not
"We look before and
('To a Skylark')
after, And pine for what is not. 5. 'Endymion'
4. Poets are the 6. 'The Eve of St. Agnes' (
unacknowledged legislators of the world
(A Defense of Poetry World)
Age of Decadence.
1833 Fabian Society I George i y—ASyste o Lggie
Bernard Shaw 2) •FTheomoi Libggy
'3)s Colonialisö
Period • 4) Slavery
s
l. Alfred Tennyson. 5) Vo men s Rights
2. Robert Browning w6)tvUtilitarianism
3. Mathew Arnold. 7) Economic Philosophy
Lotus l) EamoysshortstoriøG
) fktq i
l. The Black Cat
Locksley The Oval Portrait
2.
Tithonus 3. The Tell Tale Heart
Morte 4. The Gold Bug
Excaliber Arthur (vqtb
5. The Light House
In Memorium (a i
h. English elegy) Emnous I'ocm ;
To Jlclcn
Quotations Idyll.
•
errs not
to reason I Edgor Allon roc's Only noycl; of Nantucket (A
why, theirs but I The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
Charge of
2.
better to the Light to do and ! classic adventure story with supernatural)
have loved Brigade]
loved at and lost than
3. "Knowledge Memoriam] never to have i 7. Gladstone (1809- 898)
4. am a pan comes. but wisdom li
of all that Hall) ! Grand Old Man olBrita•
"Better not 1 have
6. be at all than Gra d Old Man of
Who are not be noble." [The
wise in love, Princess]
love most, say lease: Mer
7. "The old order
And changeth, yielding Eamous-quQte-QtGladstone-;
God fulfils "Justice delayed, Justicedenied,Justicöhurried,
Himself in man wa
Justice buried."
O @ Scott
Charles DickenéÄtqA Ictorian i Charlotte Bronte was born in 1816 in England anc
died in 1855. She was an English novelist and a poet
'Great Expectation'. She was the eldest of the three Bronte sisters
survived into adulthood. Her novels have becomc
classics of English literature.She first publishedhe
famous novel 'Jane Eyre' under the pen namc
'Currer Bell'.
Great Expectations (att
Her pen-name was 'Currer Bell' and she wrotk
• 'Jane Eyre' under the pen-name, Currer Bell.
ii. The Adventures of Oliver Twist [FTI
[1837-18391 i :
l. Emily Bronte
"M; 2. Charlotte Bronte
iii. The Old Curiosity Shop 3. Ammey Bronte
11849-501
iv. David Copperfield
(autobiography)
1859) Victorian
v. A Tale of Two cities i. Charlotte Bronte.
cq fit!
Jane Eyre.
ycasår@lsland (1883)
2. (Iliad) & q ( The *Strany Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde-•q (1886)
•dnapfred 1886)
The MaGerQ(Ballantrae (1889)
Notable works :_ Pooks Hill
I. Erewhom ati/g_yveli An Inland Voyage (et«)
2. Thesvay of Alt flesh i
calNovel) 21. Oscar Wilde (1856 - 1900)
Famous
l. Life is not an exact'cience, it is an art.
2. Self preservationis the first law nature.
I
3. God was satisfied with his own work, and that is i
fatal.
Questions;
19. Thomas Hardy (1840-1928)
Who wrote the novel 'The Picture of Dorian
Gray'?
@ SamuelBecketle Thomas Kyd Ans : @
Thomas Hardy Victorian M. Singh @ Oscar Wilde
CO/ G9FTTf*•, e I
Swinburn, Browning Darwin i
Poems :
Autumn Leaves
i. Crimeapd Punkhrnen
Songs of the l\vilight.
2/ The Idiot
Inner Voice
Rays and Shadows
-A ttJe'Hero
5. The House of the Dead
Short Story
6. Notes from Underground
Claude Gueu 7. Crime and Punishment theme
'Crime never goes without punishment'
a Grandfather.
+ Novelist i
(Dark Romanticism) I
Notable novels :
l. The House of the Seven Galeles (Gothic) i
Novel .
2. Twice- Told Tales.
3. The Scarlet Letter.
ORACLE
iterature Lectur (SbQo) (Catiline)
(Sb9b) (A Doll's House)
{ ORACLE
Who %rote problem plays? 1. The Tower (poetry)
@ Samuel Beckctle J. M. Singh 2. The Winding Stair (poetry)
O Thomas Kyd Ans : @
@G.B Shaw 3. The Green Helmet (poetry)
i
Who the greatest modern English Dramatist? 4. The Wild Swans at Colle (poem)
BCS)
5. The Lake Isle of Innisfree(35thBCS
@ Virginia Woolf George Bcmard Shaw
i 6. Easter 1916
@ P. B. Shelley T. Coleridg
7. Sail to Byzantium
8. Leda and The Swan
Joseph Conrad ( 1857. 1924)
The ! Dickinson
ORACLE
Wotern I•tti)oeopl". of
Roads on Freedom. Home is
l"ltc Nobel Ibe PIN e where. when you have to go fir tr. •rhr•y
works : have to take you •n,
I Road to Freedom (c) 'lome nurtal
2 Political Ideals (d) The Mountmn
(e) After Apple-Pickmg
3 Analysts of Mind
4. Mamageand Morals
13 From MountainInterval a
Ota
Questions-i are ove y,
Ri to!he But I have promises to keep, on a
I. BCS) And miles to before I slee
@ an ences ma e S
o
@ a nove New Hampshire -
@a one-act p (b) Fire and Ice
O a theatrical adaptationof a poem Ans : @ (c) Stopping by Woods on a Snow Evening
Virginia Voyage
Virginia Woolf Voyage
James Joyce Irish novelist & poet.
Stream of Consciousness i
Idea of narrative technique.
Questions and Answers
Ulysses .
Who wrote the novel 'Mrs. Dalloway'?
His well Known works ;
@ Kipling's Maughan's
I Ulysses (novel)
@ Virginia Woolf @ James Joyce's Ans : @
2. Dubliners
3. A Portrait of the Arist as a Young Man
Who is the writer of the noveE 'To the Light
(novel) house'?
4. Finnegans Wake
O. Virginia Woolf .MaUghan's
Ans : @
Questions : 3. Whcvfg$e.'trhe
I. 'Ulysses' is a novel written by- 140th BCS)
@ Joseph Conrad Ihomas Hardy \ Ans: @
@ Charles Dickens O James Joyce
2. James Joyce's famous novel is
@ Utopia i 16. D H (1885-1930)
O The Wasteland Sohs andLovers. Ans :
ORACLE
ucstions and Answers
I. T. S. Eliot was born 23. George Orwell (1903-1950)
. @ Ireland in
(Eric Arthur Blair)
(b England
O Wales
2. Who was famous
ror his theory of
'Objective Co- i + ftM* Police Officer
@ W. B. Yeats Lower Burma
T.s.
Eliot I
OH G. wells
O Ezra Pound Ans .
3. Who wmte 'The Waste
@
Land'
T.S. Eliot l. Homage to Catalonia
(b W. B. Yeats
@ lhomas Hardy 2. Animal Farm (Alle orical Novel)-1945.'4ß
O Walt Whitman
4. 'Gerontion• is a poem by— Ans : @ I
(37thBCS)
@ T.s. Eliot 3. Nineteen
W.B. Yeats
@ Mathew Arnold 4. A Clergyman pa
O Robert Browning
Ans : @ I 5. Burm
21. Pearl S. Buck (1892-1973) 6. fo Ai
ho in ph ose)
Pearl S. Buck A ngl
AmeAn writer
teacher
fifi 'NRbel Pri
Questions and Answers
Who is the writer of the famous Essay 'Shooting an
AG%biograph) No Elephant'—
My Several Worlds G dEa @ George Orwell Charles Dickens
A Bridgv Dragon Seed @ Thomas More O Boris Pastemk Ans : @
The Big wave 'Animal Farm' was written by— (28th BCS)
The Rainbow @ GeorgeOrwell Stevenson
Questions: @ Swift O Mark Twain Ans : @
1. Who was the first American female Nobel laure- Who is the author of 'Animal Farm'? (10th, 12th &
ate? BCS)
@ Pearl S. Buck O CharlottleBronte @ Thomas More George Orwell .
@ Jame Austin O Emily Bronte Ans : @ O Boris Pasternak O CharlesDickens Ans :
2. 'The Good Earth' has been written by —
@ Virginia Woolf George Eliot
@ Charles Dickens O Pearls Buck Ans :O
fi i.
(hey) I Questions and Answers
1. Who is author of 'For Whom the Ben
@ Charles Dickens O Homer
@ Lord Tennyson @ Emest :
'The Sun Also Rises' is a novel by—
@ Herman Melville O Ernest Hetmngwav
Soldiers' Pay (1926) @ William Faulkuer @ Saul Bellow
Mosquitoes (1927)
Sartoris[Flags in the Dust (1929/1973) 4. Samuel Barclay Beckett
The Sound and the Fury (1929) (13 April 1906 —22 December 190)
As 1 Lay Dying (1930)
Sanctuary (1931)
Light in August (1932)
Pylon (1935) Samuel Beckett
Absalom, Absalom! (1936) i godot
i Waiting for Godot Absurd Play
The Unvanquished (1938)
l. His work offers a bleak. tragicotük' outlNk
nature, often coupled Ith black cotnedy
humour. He got
Nobel Prize for
l. Murphy ( literature in 1969.
2. Molloy (
3. Malone ( ) Questions and An«wer.s
•I'hc Unnamable
S. Waiting (I
for Godot ( 1953) l. Who was an Americannmelist born in Canada?
6 Watt @ Ilennan MCI'.illc Pearl S. Buck
7. Endgame ( O William Faulkucr O Saul Bellow Ans : O
8. Krapp•s Last Tape ( Who wrote the novel 'Seim the Day'?
19.68)
@ V. S. Naipaul (b Derek Walcott
@ Grahatn Greene @ Saul Bellow Ans : O
g. R. K. Narayan
(1906-2001)
8. Arthur Asher Miller
Rasipuram Krtshnaswami (1915-2005)
born Madras. India Lycr Narayanaswamiwas
i
1906 and died in 2001 in
Arther Miller was an American playwright, essayist. and
Nambi a story teller and
a vital Character in the i
story Under the Banyan Among his plays are All My sons (1947).Death of a
by R. K. Narayan. i Salesman (1949). The Crucible (1953) and A View from
His (amous novels i the Bridge (1955, revised 1956). He also wrote the screen-
(i) S" ami and Friends play for the film the Misfits (1961).
(ii) The Bachelor of Arts,
The Dark Room l. All My sons (1947).
(iii) The English Teacher,
Mr. Sampth 2. Death of a Salesman (1949)
(iv) Maiting for the Mahatma
«rf•ru
Momson Mercy
Momson Mercy The short story 'The Diamond Necklace' was written by.
@ Guy de Maupassant (DO Henry
@ Somerset Maugham @George Orwell Ans : @
ll. ! Exp: fivf«nv "The
Arundhuty Roy Necklace orythe Diamond Necklace'
cqfWT) (1961 -
Parure'.
l. Suzanna Arundhati
Roy
Novel- the God of
Small Things FJ
Semi- autobiographical
Literary Terms
i
2.
Man Booker Prize(The
Things) - God of små1J i
3. Nuclear weapons,e-lndustrization
(i) Epic means•a lopg narrative poem that tells in grand
Listenigg to style the history and aspirations of a national hero.
Democrocy'. ?qotes ori
(ii)A long narrative poem dealing with heroic theme
and adventure.
There are two types of epic:
l. The God of Smallffhings(1997) (1)Primary or Oral epic:
2. New YorkTimes A Primary epic is a type of epic with which the epic
tradition began. In a primary epic the episodestaker
from the oral tradition are linked with one another
12. make a longer story.
Tahmima Anam (1975 — )
Examples : Homer's Iliad and Odyssey are pnmar
epics.
(2) Secondary or Literary epic:
(The Daily Star' !
TahmimaAnam The Secondary or Literary epic is the one whichimi
cqföl) !
tated the tradition of the primary epic. A primaryepi
displays savage and rude heroism but a secondaryepi
shows a more refined taste.
Examples: Virgil's Aeneid, Dante's Divine Comed
and Milton's Paradise Lost are secondary epics.
l. The Golden age (2007)
2. The Good Muslim (2011) 22 -Simile-; like
As
3. The Bones of Grace(2016) Simile Of I (The comparison ofunlil
things using the words like or as is knownto t
simile) 137th BCS]
i) My heart is like a singing bird
ii) He is as cunning as
a fox.
iii) I wandered loncly of
as a cloud : The technique
iv) The soul was like personifi-
v) Our soldiers are as
a star dwelt aparl treating non-livjng things as liveiy is called (per-
bra\C as lions cation W. •4
Metaphor ;
Examples :
Metaphor I Metaphor l. Mr. Pneumonia was not a polite old gentleman.
such. like la figure of speech as.
or phrase is applied to an in which a word Pneumonia II
object or action to which it i 2. Death lays his icy hand on kings.
is not literally applicable.l
i) Life is but a walking shadow.[ 3. The fog comes on little cat feet.
The shells that she sel)Åare sea sure. (ii) Limerick •fivt) : A Form of
iii) Chompa is chewing a chewing gum of cherry by i light verse (*T5 •fiV1/ Limerick
sitting on a charming-Chair.
Alliteration- ktm: It is a humorous verse of three long and two short lines
qcf I I
rhyming aabba. The third and fourth lines are usually
shorter than the other three.
TTft, fit-• I i
Limerick
There was an Old Man with a beard,
•fifi
Who said, 'It is just as I feared!
52 I
Climax I Climax i Two Owls and a Hen,
turning point i Four Larks and a Wren,
I climax happens auhe-he.ighL.Qf Have all built their nests in my beard!
a plot. (36thand37thBCS).It is the turning point. In play it !
(From 'There was an Old Man with a Beard' by
is a point of time at which the conflict between oppo- Ans: B
Edward Lear)
sites reaches a point demanding resolution.
(i) "Veni, vidi, vici" ("I came; I saw; I conquered")-
'climax' importance of idea i 9.
I This is an example i (i) A dramatic technique of speaking alone to give
V :
ll. F-ICKY : iI 20. Diction ( t€5T*) The choice of words that a
1
Elegy-c•tT+'11Qt1 (It is a poem of i term for vocabulary or lexis, although
Lamentation and Mourning) makes,Another
less used these day.s.
12. Sonnet : 'OR, fin,
21. Freé verse
fig verse written Withoutanv
or form).
Octave fixed structure(either in meter, rhyme
Sestet. Themeeproblem
'i
MachiavellianCharacter : a scheming person/cun-
ning person/ selfish person.
l. Italian or Petrarchan,sönnet
2. Shakespeareanor Englis sonnet
3. Spenserian sonnet
i 23. Digression : To divert from the main topic. (e«
13. Comedy Play : i
Rt•m i
24. Eulogy : Expressing high praise of somebody.
q•a, I (A play that
shows terrible things in a way that is intended to be
funny that is called comedy play).
i 25. Onomatopoeia : A word that phonetral-
ly imitates, resembles or suggests the source of the
14. Melodrama play : fm sound that it describes. Example-rniaou. roar. cuck•co
e (Violent and Sensational I
etc.
themes) I