CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

LOCAL STUDIES

Based on the researcher, a web-based enrollment system for Veritas Parochial School (VPS) in

Manila was developed to help its students enroll in a more efficient way without the hassle of waiting long

hours in filling out forms, which sometimes become redundant, or to stand in line and pay at the cashier. It

is with the Web-based Enrollment System for VPS that this new style of enrollment may be achieved. This

new type of system offers its students new options for enrolling at VPS. By logging on to VPS website, one

can register and enroll subjects for a school year. With these, all the students are required to fill out certain

forms that do not take more than a few minutes to accomplish. The system stores its records in the school

database for future references.

Confirmation of the transaction made by the students need to be verified, the payment of tuition

fees must be made in the schools registrar. The students may also browse the web site of VPS and he can

check his current account. He can also refer to the list of the school current tuition fee rates (Pascual &

Riceo, 2008)

According to Lopez (2005), a registration system helps and provides efficient and reliable services

to the students, enrollment personnel and administration. Moreover, this system improved the process of

enrollment in terms of searching, retrieving and subject schedules.

While in a study conducted by Cayabyab (2007), many problems and difficulties were identified in

the existing system of Dagupan City National High School (DCNHS). These major concerns are affecting

the efficient enrollment system of students. Security of the students records were found to be at high risk.

The current system may fail to protect some important documents. It has also untimely and inefficient report

generation. A computerized system for DCNHS shall result to a significant increase in the number of

enrollees.
Network-Based Enrollment system

Conde (2007) in his study entitled “Network-based Enrollment System of Paete National High

School cited that the manual process of enrollment and manual handling of information and reports of the

students is very laborious one. The proponents developed a network based system enrollment system to the

said school to solve the huge amount of task.

Garcia (2002) created the “LSPC Enrollment System”, the study can be a great help to persons

concerned during the enrollment period, the registrar, instructor of the students as they retrieval necessary

information when needed and lessen the burden manually browsing over enrollment slip for record purposes

Saayo et.al (2008) developed the system “Network based automated Enrollment and grading system for

Morong National High School. Due to increasing population of the institution, and the school currently

implementing the manual system, every student spends a lot of time during enrollment period, such as

paying their tuition fees and processing the school requirements. Valina et.al (2009), in this work entitled

“Network-based student Permanent Record keeping and Online Enrollment System of Balian National High

School”. This System was made to lessen the time and effort exerted by both student and school employees.

It is also made to give accurate reports and keep records of every students every students and for easy and

fast way of enrollment.

Soria (2006), constructed a system entitled “Network-based Computerized inventory System for

the supply office of the LSPC main campus. With the advancement of technology, devices and machines

were improved, developed and inverted to cope up with the need of new world. There are different systems

designed for reliable, efficient and very useful to the user. Cabang et al. (2003) developed the ‘computerized

Students Record Monitoring System of Siniloan National High School”, Computerized Student data will

be exceedingly helped to the user through continuous management of the School. It could help the registrar

for a less effort services in the institutions especially in updating, printing and deleting student’s record.
 Velasco (2002) Study entitled “Maulawin National High School Student Information System” cited

that maintaining students, records manually is a very difficult task and time consuming. In that case,

computerization system that can help and handle 17 this data needed to speed up the process of student’s

record keeping and to promote and reliability.

Cura et al. (2004), Designed system entitled “computerized inventory system of office of the supply

in LSPU” is capable of handling voluminous data about the flow of item insurance and reply to the flow of

items’ issuance and return in supply office Torres et al. (2002), conducted a study that resolves around the

importance computerization of student information. This study was conducted with the hope that it would

help minimize time and effort in processing student’s information in Maulawin National High School. The

basic feature of this study is after the storage and access of retrieving and updating the data.

Alcaira (1999), stated that the using of computer are continue to grow, the need for a more timely

information and data processing comes on demand keeping the record of any manual operations need the

application, because handling it manually will only be conflicting. Aravia et al. (2002), show the growing

importance of computers in the society. The significance of the study revolves the automation of student

permanent record keeping. Garnace (1999), developed application software for the computerized

information system of a commercial piggery using the concept of the database and implemented it in

database.

Automation Enrollment System

Gumitao (2001), system is designed to provide reports of the list of enrollment per school year,

periodical grade of students, and list of new, old and transferees Revalla (2005) created an Automation

Enrollment System for the computer Science Department of the Laguna College business and Arts. The

study was conceived because of the need to update the current registration system of LCBA, which is done

manually. Her study, was based on the special problem of Mr. Bonifacio E. Bacani, Jr. about “Student

Record information System”.

 Kampitan (2000) developed an Enrollment System of Liceo De Victoria that is designed to keep

the students records. This is used to provide an effective and faster of providing information of the student

and also the accounting purposes’ Liceo De Victoria Enrollment was developed and implement using

relational database and designed in clipper 5.3. Earlier, Encila (1999) Introduced the Enrollment System

for the computer Science Department of LCBA and traders, designed of enrollment System is advantageous

to the school because it speed up the process and with only a minimum amount of power and resources.

Cacao (2002), designed the “Morning Star Montessori School incorporated form 137implemented

in Fox Base. Solomon (2002), developed Enrollment and Record keeping System, to know how to read

sign the data that is used to be kept the record files of students and also that, it could be mange more

efficiently in computer with his project.

Quiver (2001), developed a program using database III which capable of retrieving, access in

manipulating of data in easy way. A computerized system to minimized the lost of record and burden of

work was designed by Pajarillo in 2002. Monsalve and Ilagan (2005), developed a program and designed

using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and Microsoft access. The system is capable of receiving access, searching

items, providing adequate information and data gathering.

IPizzara and Veridiano (2001), this system was done using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. This

conducted system goes along the trend of computerization to be in the field of competitiveness and survive

to the complicated works. Relayo (1999) this study will assist the researcher regarding to the use of database

and Visual Basic. This system have been designed in order to speed up the access and retrieval information

and to lessen manual effort involve in the library routine of transaction. Magalang (2003), he proposed this

to developed software that will help the management of the school “lyceum’ in giving good service to its

student in speeding of the process involve in monitoring account acquired during the enrollment & other

payment transaction. Lazaro (2004), this study entitled “Liceo de Los Banos record monitoring system”

password was created for the protection and was designed to be user-friendly by only authorized persons

and to ensure security of data basic information.

 Lumbers (2002), stated in her study entitled “a systematic enrollment process using database

system in Saint John academy. Calamba, Laguna” that the application of database system to the enrollment

process will greatly increase its efficiency; automation of enrollment process will upgrade the quality of

the services provided for the qualified enrollees.

Online enrollment system

An Online Registration System was proposed to replace the manual enrollment system of Cavite

Maritime Institute in order to advance an organized flow of transaction and an ease of work concerned on

how the manual enrollment performs throughout the institution’s operations. The numerous transactions

that the manual system covers, such as updating and adding student records, generating the advising and

assessment slips, and the like considering the manual operating system to be inefficient for the need of the

institution. Since the study involves proper record handling, tracing the constraints and evaluation of the

manual system is essential (Bacala and Reano, 2009). In educational institutions like Harvent School in

Dagupan City, Composed of elementary and high school level. The school puts premium to its registration.

The enrollment process is the initial stage in gathering bonafide fide and accurate student information

necessary to establish student permanent records. A registration and billing system is needed by the

institution to address the stated situation. The study has been made to help Harvent School gather fast and

deliver accurate information (Calabozo & Fernandez, 2006) Online enrollment system is utilized today by

many universities to facilitate the enrollment of their students into classes every semester (Gaton, 2012).

The system allows students to choose courses they want to take with the available class schedules. This

allows students to make up their time schedules for different class courses without time schedule conflicts.

After the allotted enrollment period, the system runs and assigns slots to students. With the Online

Registration System, students could log in, check their schedule, and set desired changes and pay online

without having to stand in a line and rushing to meet deadlines to accomplish all the transactions required

for enrollment (Ella, 2012). The Online Registration System is a method designed to perform the process
involved in registration, advising, assessments, and payments of students as well as scheduling of classes

in any educational institution.

According to Aquino (2005), importance of computer application is increasing day by day. In the

latest decades of the millennium winning organizations are those which are willing to integrate business

strategy and information technology in plying their respective trades. The use of information technology

results for them to be able to develop products fast and make decisions fast, ability to have fluid organization

structures, able to cope with the demanding work force and external environment by the rapid development

of innovative approaches, and lastly, using information system confirms the company’s vision and mission.

Schools use information systems in the way of implementing an enrollment system. This results for them

to attract enrollees and earn an income. Enrollees are attracted because the use of the said system makes

the transactions faster and easier. Alcuaz (1988) stated that the use of computer can give competitive

advantage and improve profitability. Computer helps to increase the productivity of people. This is true

whether they are working alone or working with others within a formal organization such as business

corporations. As said by Adrian(2011), “Lack of enrollment system in schools can lead to chaos and

troubles.” Students will be confused on what they should do to be able to enroll that is why such systems is

extremely useful in the way that it gives an ease on working on enrollment processes. Enrollment is very

useful in retrieving vital information of the students. Without it can lead difficulty both for the

administration of school and student in enrollment processes Many countries today, especially the

developing nations are challenged by the rapid technological changes. This has radically changed the living

and working styles of the entire society. This transformation has been driven partly by rapid technological

innovation. While in the 20th century, people saw the rise of the industrial revolution with steam-powered

machines intensifying and expanding human productive power, the 21st century was characterized by the

birth of machine-powered flight and the emergence of broadcasting and computer technologies that extend

the reach of human creativity even more and made new ways possible by which humans could live and

work together (Tinio, 2002). The transformation of manual enrollment transaction to automate and now
into a web-based automation is one example of what was driven partly by the rapid technological

innovation. Any ways just to make work easier and faster like enrollment transactions is possible with the

emergence of computer technologies. Technology innovation had influenced man’s work from data

processing, business transaction, research, planning, monitoring and even in medical operation on human

anatomy are now entrusted to computer technology. Web applications are popular due to ubiquity of its

applications. The ability to update and maintain web applications without distributing and installing

software on potentially thousands of client computers are key reasons for its popularity. A significant

advantage of building web applications to support a standard browser feature is the ability to perform as

specified, regardless of the operating system installed on a given client (Bacala &Reanno, 2009). Web-

based enrollment system A web-based enrollment system has features that meet most of academic

institutions system’s needs and requirements. This includes standardized modules for student registration,

enrollment, grade management, and other modules that are deemed necessary to operate a school. Based

on the researcher, a web-based enrollment system for Veritas Parochial School (VPS) in Web Based

enrollment system, Manila was developed to help its students enroll in a more efficient way without the

hassles of waiting long hours in filling out forms, which sometimes become redundant, or to stand in line

and pay at the cashier. It is with the Web-based Enrollment System for VPS that this new style of enrollment

may be achieved. This new type of system offers its students new options for enrolling at VPS. By logging

on to VPS website, one can register and enroll subjects for a school year. With these, all the students are

required to fill out certain forms that do not take more than a few minutes to accomplish. The system stores

its records in the school database for future references. Confirmation of the transaction made by the students

need to be verified, the payment of tuition fees must be made in the schools registrar. The students may

also browse the web site of VPS and he can check his current account. He can also refer to the list of the

school current tuition fee rates (Pascual & Riceo, 2008)

FOREIGN STUDIES

According to Lopez (2005), a Registration system helps and provides efficient and reliable services

to the students, enrollment personnel and administration. Moreover, this system improved the process of

enrollment in terms of searching, retrieving and subject schedules.

While in a study conducted by Cayabyab (2007), many problems and difficulties were identified

in the existing system of Dagupan City National High School (DCNHS). These major concerns are affecting

the efficient enrollment system of students. Security of the students records were found to be at high risk.

The current system may fail to protect some important documents. It has also untimely and inefficient report

generation. A computerized system for DCNHS shall result to a significant increase in the number of

enrollees

Network-Based Enrollment system

Conde (2007) in his study entitled “Network-bases Enrollment System of Paete National High

School cited that the manual process of enrollment and manual handling of information and reports of the

students is very laborious one. The proponents developed a network based system enrollment system to the

said school to solve the huge amount of task.

Garcia (2002) created the “LSPC Enrollment System―, the study can be a great help to

persons concerned during the enrollment period, the registrar, instructor of the students as they retrieval

necessary information when needed and lessen the burden manually browsing over enrollment slip for

record purposes Saayo et.al (2008) developed the system “Network based automated Enrollment and

grading system for Morong National High School. Due to increasing population of the institution, and the

school currently implementing the manual system, every student spends a lot of time during enrollment

period, such as paying their tuition fees and processing the school requirements. Valina et.al (2009), in this

work entitled “Network-based student Permanent Record keeping and Enrollment System of Balian

National High School―. This System was made to lessen the time and effort exerted by both student and
school employees. It is also made to give accurate reports and keep records of every students every students

and for easy and fast way of enrollment.

Soria (2006), constructed a system entitled “Network-based Computerized inventory System for

the supply office o the LSPC main campus. With the advancement of technology, devices and machines

were improve , developed and inverted to cope up with the need of new world. There are different systems

designed for reliable, efficient and very useful to the user. Cabang et al. (2003) developed the

‘computerized Students Record Monitoring System of Siniloan National High School―, Computerized

Student data will be exceedingly helped to the user through continuous management of the School. It could

help the registrar for a less effort services in the institutions especially in updating, printing and deleting

student’s record.

Velasco (2002) Study entitled “Maulawin National High School Student Information

System― cited that maintaining students, records manually is a very difficult task and time consuming.

In that case, computerization system that can help and handle 17 this data needed to speed up the process

of student’s record keeping and to promote and reliability.

Cura et al. (2004), Designed system entitled “computerized inventory system of office of the

supply in LSPU― is capable of handling voluminous data about the flow of item insurance and reply to

the flow of items’ issuance and return in supply office Torres et al. (2002), conducted a study that

resolves around the importance computerization of student information. This study was conducted with the

hope that it would help minimize time and effort in processing student’s information in Maulawin

National High School. The basic feature of this study is after the storage and access of retrieving and

updating the data.

According to Jennifer Rowley (2005), information systems are a tool to support information

management. Information systems are increasingly being used in organizations with the objective of

providing competitive advantage. The information systems used by organizations can be grouped into
different types such as transaction processing system, management information system, decision support

system, executive information system, expert systems and office information system. Information

Technology has heralded the advent of the information society. The information society may be a

“virtual society―. The concepts of the electronic classroom, the electronic office and electronic library

have been explored. Information system poses a number of issues on society in general, including: changing

employment patterns, archiving, and bibliographic control, security and data protection, intellectual

property, marketplace issues and access.

A registration system is basically included in one of the classification of information system that is

stated by the author, thus it serves as a tool to support information management with regards to the student

data, enrollment fees information and other with a connection to the enrollment process. Every school gain

competitive advantage of having this system for they will have the capacity on handling important

information at ease and with security. The iterative implementation approach is a theory that eliminates

problems of using a waterfall study. This is invented to avoid a linear and sequential development of study.

The overall functionality of the system is broken down into feature sets. These features sets often based

upon use cases from the analysis stage, containing group of individual features that are related, typically by

a functional area (Stephen McHenry, 2010)

Adopting the theory of Stephen McHenry which is known as the iterative implementation covers

the breakdown of overall functionality of the system to a what he called feature set and those feature sets

represents different process involve in an enrollment system. It helps locate what feature an enrollment

system will have since that this kind of systems does many activities and processes.

As said by Dunn and Scott (2005), science and technology is the root of emerging innovations in

this world. For many years now, a person in this field of expertise does not stop to reshape the landscape

of today’s business world. Enrollment system has made huge impact into the school arena. It is a system

that is built on innovative program strategies. It is a system that will help both the enrollment personnel-in-

charge and the students to easily process the enrollment at a lesser time. Distinct from traditional enrollment,
LAN enrollment system process large assortment of student records and provides efficient and consistent

information services.

As stated by Holmes (2006), “The Internet is neither an extraordinary communication tool nor

revolutionary. It simply represents the current stage in the development of human capabilities through

written language, which itself derived from the spoken form.― That statement only shows that

advancement in modern technology is at their highest peak. Nowadays, Web-based applications are widely

used due to their ubiquity.

Web-based enrollment system is currently emerging on markets for they are offering transaction

convenience and service efficiency through the use of Internet. This system becomes a powerful tool in

dealing with information management regarding enrollment transactions. According to Forman (2007),

continuing innovation in technologies can lead to organizational changes that range from improvement of

day to day operation and for easy access it provides for the end users. Many schools today have adapted

this innovation in offering of their services which is parallel with the concept of Tinn (2001), stated that the

computerization responded to the call the office or any workplace to help their daily operation. Malolos

et.al (2002) stated that the study of automation is important in the sense time it minimizes the time and

effort normally exerted in manual process. While Janes (2001) stated that computers are extremely reliable

device and very powerful calculators with some great accessories applications like word processing

problem for all of business activities, regardless of size, computers have three advantages over other type

of office equipment that process information because computer are faster, more accurate more economical.

Reyes (2005) task would be time consuming to accomplish manually and more practical with the aid of

computers field in cabinet.

According to Flores (2002), the automation is described simply as the substitution of machine

control of human. Dioso (2001) stated that computer assist careful intelligent planning, organizing,

actuating and controlling .This maybe observed from the past that they monitor production activities, solve

scientific problem and help arrive in tentative answer to a multitude of involved conditions. Ralph M. Stair
(1999) emphasized that the development of technology through the years have enabled us to do more with

less effort. From the orientation of the light bulb to the industrial revolution and beyond, we have

continuously tried to in a more efficient means of doing tasks. Lewis (2002) stated that the reason for using

computers vary from person to person. Some of the computers in business are to perform accuracy, to be

as productivity, to decrease bottle necks or hassles to alter cash flows or to simplify elevate your status.

Gold Chager et al (2003) said that computer as a device for processing information knew computer plays a

significant role in their lives, but few are aware of just how pervasive role is. Mane (2000) mentioned that

the creation of the computer made the easier to accomplish task than by doing it manually, to have the direct

access on straightforward answer just monitoring record where in the needs of computer make possible for

everyone to get data in a particular need. We can consider that the computer is necessary and it is a

productive tool for individual. Gurewich (1999) stated that the database system makes the work faster for

every institution. For the mere fact that instead of doing things manually, with the use of computer

technology everything is done faster.

Computer- Based Enrollment system

Halili, M.C.N. (2004) that man’s actions are just involuntary movements especially when time

allow to plan his next action. These responses pass through the process of reasoning and analysis.

Huntchinson et.al (2001) stated that file is a collection of related records. Examples are the entire

student’s courses card for Anthropology 101 or the transcript of all courses in the register’s office.

Bryan (2006) emphasized the information system is a set of people, procedures and resources that collects,

transforms and disseminates information in an organization to do’s ends rely on many types of

information system (IS). They might include simple manual information system and informal system and

also computer based information system that uses hardware, software telecommunication and other forms

of information technology (IT). Sander (2002) computers are an intelligence amplifier that can free human

to use their time effectively.

 Because a computer is a fast and accurate electronic symbol or data manipulating system that design

automatically accept and store input data process and procedure output results under the direction of the

stored program or instruction. Tows and (2005), stated that database is instructed collection of data. The

data may be about people, product events in short, any type of information is to manage the collection of

data for reporting and making decision. Adamski (2007), give some advantages of database processing first

economy of scale getting more information from some amount of data, sharing data balancing conflicting

requirement, enforcement of standard, controlled redundancy consisting integrity security ,flexibility and

responsiveness ,increase programmers productivity, improve program maintenance and data independence

Perkins (1999) stated that computer has an impressive impact upon business, governmental organization;

bank and all sorts of organization and on how they are operate and manage. Alcaria (2004) explained that

the use of computer are continue to grow, the need for a more timely information and data processing comes

on demand keeping the records of any manual operations need the application of computer because handling

it manually will only be conflicting. Kroenke (2002) in the early 1970’s database processing was

considered an esoteric subject of interest only to the longest corporation with the largest computer.

Information system-Database System Concept

Today, database processing is becoming an information system standard. Silberschatz (2006) in his

book “― the goal of database system is to simplify and facilitate access to data.In relation to Ahitud

et.al (2007) mentioned that information system are more collection of hardware, software and people. They

should be constructed to fit the organization’s strategy and structure so that it could easily be adapted

to the information they needed. Asumbra (2002) Access to information is the best way to. In line with

technology access to information within fingertips is the easier way to be equipped in the future. While

Hammer (2003), said that computer could eliminate the need for copying and rearranging information,

which was entered into system. They also perform mathematical computation; in short computer can

eliminate most of the paper works. Microsoft Corporation (2002), explained that computer network are

collection of computer and intelligent peripheral equipment that are inter connected by telephone lines,
micro wave relays and other high-speed communication links of the purpose of exchanging data and sharing

equipment.

Cognos-based enrollment management system

Southern California Community College Long Beach City College has gone live with a Cognos-

based enrollment management system that was designed by Irvine, CA-based professional services firm

e2e Analytic. Prior to installing the new system, LBCC, which has two main campuses and multiple

satellites that support nine schools and 34 departments, handled its enrollment via manual spread sheets.

With no reporting, continuity, or standard practices, and with lengthy error corrections, the school's

enrollment management budgeting and planning took up to three months to compile, consolidate, and

implement (Koft 2007)

The study on problems regarding on school such as the Long Beach City College is an aid for the

proponents to have the idea on formulating solutions on transferring manual enrollment transactions to an

automated or computerized one.

According to the coordinator of Admission Support of Kerian Greenaway, the system known as

the Edith Cowan University Web Enrollment System (ECUWES) had replaced the traditional hard copy

system of enrollment. The system offers immediacy and convenience of course enrollment via the internet.

The said university in Australia is currently enrolling more than 5,000 new students with easier transactions

cause of their online enrollment system. In the local setting, academic institutions both the private and

government schools are shifting from manual to computerized system including student registration. This

is accomplished either on an intranet or internet-based environment.

The desire to overcome these problems and difficulties has led the acceptance of advanced

technology. It includes Local Area Network of computers, CD ROM and powerful processor. These

technologies led to the development of information databases that provides simple and prompt retrieval of

information through networking, In Local Area Network Enrollment System (LANES), the problems on
admission and evaluation of academic records, subject reservation, assessment and payment of fees and

issuance of class cards are besieged. Likewise, searching of records is effective due to its major key that is

being used in retrieval of records.

A Local Area Network Enrollment System (LANES) is a broad system. It is a combination of

different function areas such as databases, searching, retrieval, and update of student records, checking of

students’ schedule, computation of fees. (Dzubeck, Frank, 2003)

Inspired by the advancement of modern technology and the problems regarding enrollment

transactions the proponents have come up with an online enrollment system exclusively for school with

many enrollees. Several factors are considered in designing the proposed system. First is the tedious task

of filling out application forms and inaccuracies of information provided by the students that cause delay

on the enrollment process. Other is that were problems on giving and announcing schedules of enrollees

and cause for them to be late at their very first class.

The researchers gathered data necessary in the enrollment system for the success of the study in

providing benefit for the employees and students so they can have access and have the ability to manage

information directly and conveniently.

A software development and IT service firm implemented its catalyst in Governor Andres Pascual

College was integrated web platform to provide content management, transaction processing, marketing,

and interactive community function to the two rice schools. Catalyst deliver on the Jones school’s two

primary criteria for selecting a web-based platform: simplifying content management; and enabling user

response to information such as event RSVP and course registration. The content management tools lets

the Jones school staff edit, update or add to the volume of curriculum and event information without calling

for technical assistance. They simply cut and paste document into the content management system audit for

consistency and publish to the web. The school’s diverse audiences, which include MBA’s
executive Mb As, executive education participants, and alumni, now receives prompt notification of news

and events, and can RSVP for event or register online for Executive Education courses.

FOREIGN STUDIES

According to Lopez (2005), a Registration system helps and provides efficient and reliable

services to the students, enrollment personnel and administration. Moreover, this system improved the

process of enrollment in terms of searching, retrieving and subject schedules.

While in a study conducted by Cayabyab (2007), many problems and difficulties were identified

in the existing system of Dagupan City National High School (DCNHS). These major concerns are

affecting the efficient enrollment system of students. Security of the students records were found to be

at high risk. The current system may fail to protect some important documents. It has also untimely and

inefficient report generation. A computerized system for DCNHS shall result to a significant increase in

the number of enrollees

Network-Based Enrollment system

Conde (2007) in his study entitled “Network-bases Enrollment System of Paete National High

School cited that the manual process of enrollment and manual handling of information and reports of

the students is very laborious one. The proponents developed a network based system enrollment

system to the said school to solve the huge amount of task.

Garcia (2002) created the “LSPC Enrollment System―, the study can be a great help to persons

concerned during the enrollment period, the registrar, instructor of the students as they retrieval

necessary information when needed and lessen the burden manually browsing over enrollment slip for

record purposes Saayo et.al (2008) developed the system “Network based automated Enrollment

and grading system for Morong National High School. Due to increasing population of the institution,
and the school currently implementing the manual system, every student spends a lot of time during

enrollment period, such as paying their tuition fees and processing the school requirements. Valina et.al

(2009), in this work entitled “Network-based student Permanent Record keeping and Enrollment

System of Balian National High School―. This System was made to lessen the time and effort exerted

by both student and school employees. It is also made to give accurate reports and keep records of

every students every students and for easy and fast way of enrollment.

Soria (2006), constructed a system entitled “Network-based Computerized inventory System for

the supply office o the LSPC main campus. With the advancement of technology, devices and machines

were improve , developed and inverted to cope up with the need of new world. There are different

systems designed for reliable, efficient and very useful to the user. Cabang et al. (2003) developed the

‘computerized Students Record Monitoring System of Siniloan National High School―,

Computerized Student data will be exceedingly helped to the user through continuous management of

the School. It could help the registrar for a less effort services in the institutions especially in updating,

printing and deleting student’s record.

Velasco (2002) Study entitled “Maulawin National High School Student Information System―

cited that maintaining students, records manually is a very difficult task and time consuming. In that

case, computerization system that can help and handle 17 this data needed to speed up the process of

student’s record keeping and to promote and reliability.

Cura et al. (2004), Designed system entitled “computerized inventory system of office of the

supply in LSPU― is capable of handling voluminous data about the flow of item insurance and reply to

the flow of items’ issuance and return in supply office Torres et al. (2002), conducted a study that

resolves around the importance computerization of student information. This study was conducted with

the hope that it would help minimize time and effort in processing student’s information in
Maulawin National High School. The basic feature of this study is after the storage and access of

retrieving and updating the data.

According to Jennifer Rowley (2005), information systems are a tool to support information

management. Information systems are increasingly being used in organizations with the objective of

providing competitive advantage. The information systems used by organizations can be grouped into

different types such as transaction processing system, management information system, decision

support system, executive information system, expert systems and office information system.

Information Technology has heralded the advent of the information society. The information society

may be a “virtual society―. The concepts of the electronic classroom, the electronic office and

electronic library have been explored. Information system poses a number of issues on society in

general, including: changing employment patterns, archiving, and bibliographic control, security and

data protection, intellectual property, marketplace issues and access.

An registration system is basically included in one of the classification of information system that is

stated by the author, thus it serves as a tool to support information management with regards to the

student data, enrollment fees information and other with a connection to the enrollment process. Every

school gain competitive advantage of having this system for they will have the capacity on handling

important information at ease and with security. The iterative implementation approach is a theory that

eliminates problems of using a waterfall study. This is invented to avoid a linear and sequential

development of study. The overall functionality of the system is broken down into feature sets. These

features sets often based upon use cases from the analysis stage, containing group of individual features

that are related, typically by a functional area (Stephen McHenry, 2010)

Adopting the theory of Stephen McHenry which is known as the iterative implementation covers the

breakdown of overall functionality of the system to a what he called feature set and those feature sets
represents different process involve in an enrollment system. It helps locate what feature an enrollment

system will have since that this kind of systems does many activities and processes.

As said by Dunn and Scott (2005), science and technology is the root of emerging innovations in this

world. For many years now, a person in this field of expertise does not stop to reshape the landscape of

today’s business world. Enrollment system has made huge impact into the school arena. It is a

system that is built on innovative program strategies. It is a system that will help both the enrollment

personnel-in-charge and the students to easily process the enrollment at a lesser time. Distinct from

traditional enrollment, LAN enrollment system process large assortment of student records and

provides efficient and consistent information services.

As stated by Holmes (2006), “The Internet is neither an extraordinary communication tool nor

revolutionary. It simply represents the current stage in the development of human capabilities through

written language, which itself derived from the spoken form.― That statement only shows that

advancement in modern technology is at their highest peak. Nowadays, Web-based applications are

widely used due to their ubiquity.

Web-based enrollment system is currently emerging on markets for they are offering transaction

convenience and service efficiency through the use of Internet. This system becomes a powerful tool in

dealing with information management regarding enrollment transactions. According to Forman (2007),

continuing innovation in technologies can lead to organizational changes that range from improvement

of day to day operation and for easy access it provides for the end users. Many schools today have

adapted this innovation in offering of their services which is parallel with the concept of Tinn (2001),

stated that the computerization responded to the call the office or any workplace to help their daily

operation. Malolos et.al (2002) stated that the study of automation is important in the sense time it

minimizes the time and effort normally exerted in manual process. While Janes (2001) stated that
computers are extremely reliable device and very powerful calculators with some great accessories

applications like word processing problem for all of business activities, regardless of size, computers

have three advantages over other type of office equipment that process information because computer

are faster, more accurate more economical. Reyes (2005) task would be time consuming to accomplish

manually and more practical with the aid of computers field in cabinet.

According to Flores (2002), the automation is described simply as the substitution of machine control

of human. Dioso (2001) stated that computer assist careful intelligent planning, organizing, actuating

and controlling .This maybe observed from the past that they monitor production activities, solve

scientific problem and help arrive in tentative answer to a multitude of involved conditions. Ralph M.

Stair (1999) emphasized that the development of technology through the years have enabled us to do

more with less effort. From the orientation of the light bulb to the industrial revolution and beyond, we

have continuously tried to in a more efficient means of doing tasks. Lewis (2002) stated that the reason

for using computers vary from person to person. Some of the computers in business are to perform

accuracy, to be as productivity, to decrease bottle necks or hassles to alter cash flows or to simplify

elevate your status. Gold Chager et al (2003) said that computer as a device for processing information

knew computer plays a significant role in their lives, but few are aware of just how pervasive role is.

Mane (2000) mentioned that the creation of the computer made the easier to accomplish task than by

doing it manually, to have the direct access on straightforward answer just monitoring record where in

the needs of computer make possible for everyone to get data in a particular need. We can consider

that the computer is necessary and it is a productive tool for individual. Gurewich (1999) stated that the

database system makes the work faster for every institution. For the mere fact that instead of doing

things manually, with the use of computer technology everything is done faster.

Computer- Based Enrollment system

 Halili, M.C.N. (2004) that man’s actions are just involuntary movements especially when time allow

to plan his next action. These responses pass through the process of reasoning and analysis.

Huntchinson et.al (2001) stated that file is a collection of related records. Examples are the entire

student’s courses card for Anthropology 101 or the transcript of all courses in the register’s

office. Bryan (2006) emphasized the information system is a set of people, procedures and resources

that collects, transforms and disseminates information in an organization to do’s ends rely on many

types of information system (IS). They might include simple manual information system and informal

system and also computer based information system that uses hardware, software telecommunication

and other forms of information technology (IT). Sander (2002) computers are an intelligence amplifier

that can free human to use their time effectively.

Because a computer is a fast and accurate electronic symbol or data manipulating system that design

automatically accept and store input data process and procedure output results under the direction of

the stored program or instruction. Tows and (2005), stated that database is instructed collection of data.

The data may be about people, product events in short, any type of information is to manage the

collection of data for reporting and making decision. Adamski (2007), give some advantages of database

processing first economy of scale getting more information from some amount of data, sharing data

balancing conflicting requirement, enforcement of standard, controlled redundancy consisting integrity

security ,flexibility and responsiveness ,increase programmers productivity, improve program

maintenance and data independence Perkins (1999) stated that computer has an impressive impact

upon business, governmental organization; bank and all sorts of organization and on how they are

operate and manage. Alcaria (2004) explained that the use of computer are continue to grow, the need

for a more timely information and data processing comes on demand keeping the records of any manual

operations need the application of computer because handling it manually will only be conflicting.
Kroenke (2002) in the early 1970’s database processing was considered an esoteric subject of

interest only to the longest corporation with the largest computer.

Information system-Database System Concept

Today, database processing is becoming an information system standard. Silberschatz (2006) in his

book “― the goal of database system is to simplify and facilitate access to data.In relation to Ahitud

et.al (2007) mentioned that information system are more collection of hardware, software and people.

They should be constructed to fit the organization’s strategy and structure so that it could easily be

adapted to the information they needed. Asumbra (2002) Access to information is the best way to. In

line with technology access to information within fingertips is the easier way to be equipped in the

future. While Hammer (2003), said that computer could eliminate the need for copying and rearranging

information, which was entered into system. They also perform mathematical computation; in short

computer can eliminate most of the paper works. Microsoft Corporation (2002), explained that

computer network are collection of computer and intelligent peripheral equipment that are inter

connected by telephone lines, micro wave relays and other high-speed communication links of the

purpose of exchanging data and sharing equipment.

Cognos-based enrollment management system

Southern California Community College Long Beach City College has gone live with a Cognos-based

enrollment management system that was designed by Irvine, CA-based professional services firm e2e

Analytic. Prior to installing the new system, LBCC, which has two main campuses and multiple satellites

that support nine schools and 34 departments, handled its enrollment via manual spread sheets. With

no reporting, continuity, or standard practices, and with lengthy error corrections, the school's

enrollment management budgeting and planning took up to three months to compile, consolidate, and

implement (Koft 2007)

 The study on problems regarding on school such as the Long Beach City College is an aid for the

proponents to have the idea on formulating solutions on transferring manual enrollment transactions to

an automated or computerized one.

According to the coordinator of Admission Support of Kerian Greenaway, the system known as the

Edith Cowan University Web Enrollment System (ECUWES) had replaced the traditional hard copy

system of enrollment. The system offers immediacy and convenience of course enrollment via the

internet. The said university in Australia is currently enrolling more than 5,000 new students with easier

transactions cause of their online enrollment system. In the local setting, academic institutions both the

private and government schools are shifting from manual to computerized system including student

registration. This is accomplished either on an intranet or internet-based environment.

The desire to overcome these problems and difficulties has led the acceptance of advanced

technology. It includes Local Area Network of computers, CD ROM and powerful processor. These

technologies led to the development of information databases that provides simple and prompt

retrieval of information through networking, In Local Area Network Enrollment System (LANES), the

problems on admission and evaluation of academic records, subject reservation, assessment and

payment of fees and issuance of class cards are besieged. Likewise, searching of records is effective due

to its major key that is being used in retrieval of records.

A Local Area Network Enrollment System (LANES) is a broad system. It is a combination of different

function areas such as databases, searching, retrieval, and update of student records, checking of

students’ schedule, computation of fees. (Dzubeck, Frank, 2003)

Inspired by the advancement of modern technology and the problems regarding enrollment

transactions the proponents have come up with an online enrollment system exclusively for school with

many enrollees. Several factors are considered in designing the proposed system. First is the tedious
task of filling out application forms and inaccuracies of information provided by the students that cause

delay on the enrollment process. Other is that were problems on giving and announcing schedules of

enrollees and cause for them to be late at their very first class.

The researchers gathered data necessary in the enrollment system for the success of the study in

providing benefit for the employees and students so they can have access and have the ability to

manage information directly and conveniently.

A software development and IT service firm implemented its catalyst in Governor Andres Pascual

College was integrated web platform to provide content management, transaction processing,

marketing, and interactive community function to the two rice schools. Catalyst deliver on the Jones

school’s two primary criteria for selecting a web-based platform: simplifying content management;

and enabling user response to information such as event RSVP and course registration. The content

management tools lets the Jones school staff edit, update or add to the volume of curriculum and event

information without calling for technical assistance. They simply cut and paste document into the

content management system audit for consistency and publish to the web. The school’s diverse

audiences, which include MBA’s executive Mb As, executive education participants, and alumni, now

receives prompt notification of news and events, and can RSVP for event or register online for Executive

Education courses.