The document outlines various theories of human development including:
1) Piaget's stages of cognitive development from sensorimotor to formal operations.
2) Freud's psychosexual stages from oral to genital.
3) Erikson's psychosocial stages from trust vs mistrust to integrity vs despair.
4) Kohlberg's stages of moral development from obedience to social order to post-conventional values.
The document also discusses principles of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development from infancy through adulthood.
The document outlines various theories of human development including:
1) Piaget's stages of cognitive development from sensorimotor to formal operations.
2) Freud's psychosexual stages from oral to genital.
3) Erikson's psychosocial stages from trust vs mistrust to integrity vs despair.
4) Kohlberg's stages of moral development from obedience to social order to post-conventional values.
The document also discusses principles of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development from infancy through adulthood.
The document outlines various theories of human development including:
1) Piaget's stages of cognitive development from sensorimotor to formal operations.
2) Freud's psychosexual stages from oral to genital.
3) Erikson's psychosocial stages from trust vs mistrust to integrity vs despair.
4) Kohlberg's stages of moral development from obedience to social order to post-conventional values.
The document also discusses principles of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development from infancy through adulthood.
I. Principles of Growth and Development Puberty (13-16 years old) – awkward
Growth – progressive increase in stage physical size; quantitative changes. Post-puberty (17-21 years old) – Development – progressive increase show off stage in skills or abilities; qualitative 6.) Early Adulthood (21-30 years old) changes. First 5 years – stable relationship, Maturation – a function of time and job, graduate school aging; unfolding of inherent traits. 6 – 10th year – marriage th
7.) Adulthood (31-40 years old)
1.) Development follows an orderly Family, property and children. sequence. 8.) Middle Age (40-60 years old) 2.) The rate/speed of development is Peek of career life unique to each individual. Highest job position is achieved 3.) Early development is more critical that 9.) Old Age (60 & above) later development. Retirement 1-7 years old: formative years; Senescence of end of life forming values & personality 4.) Development is a product of maturation III. Theories of Development and learning. A. Jean Piaget’s Theory – Cognitive Stages of 5.) Development involves change (social, Development physical, emotional, intellectual and 1. Sensorimotor stage (0-2 years old) moral). Gathering info 6.) There are individual differences in Having no idea development. 2. Pre-operational stage (2-7 years old) Identification stage II. Stages of Development Language is established 1.) Conception to Birth / Prenatal Stage (0-9 3. Concrete Operational Stage (7-12 months) years old) Zygotic (0-3 mos.) – zygote is as big Logical thinking is developed as a pinhead 4. Formal operational stage (12 and Embryonic (4-6 mos.) – structure above) and feature start to function -abstract reasoning and thinking / Fetal (7-9 mos.) – fetal activities analytical 2.) Infancy (0-2 years old) B. Sigmund Freud’s Theory – Psychosexual Displays reflexes (grasping, Stages of Development pupillary, gurgling) 1. Oral stage (0-1 ½ yrs. old) 3.) Early childhood (2-6 years old) Pleasure centered in mouth Foundation of age: patterns of Attachment to mother behavior, attitudes and habits. 2. Anal stage (1 ½ - 3 yrs. old) 4.) Late childhood (7-12 years old) Language is established Formal schooling. Toilet training 5.) Adolescence (13-21 years old) Attachment to mother Prepuberty (10-12 years old) – thinking stage General Psychology Reviewer Ecal, B.
3. Phallic stage (3-6 years old) Motor development – muscular
Attraction to opposite sex reactions (crawling, walking) parent Principles of Motor Development Oedipus complex – incest; mother and son a. Cephalocaudal principles – development Electra complex- incest; father from head to toe and daughter b. Proximodistal principle – development 4. Latency stage (6-12 years old) from center of body to extremities; inner Attachment to same sex age to outward group Gang stage 2. Cognitive Development 5. Genital stage (12 above) Involves development of how a Attraction to opposite sex person understand, perceive, interpret and interact with the C. Erikson’s Theory – Psychosocial Development environment. Jean Piaget’s Theory Developed Not Developed Age 3. Emotional Development Trust Mistrust 0-1 ½ Innate biological activity to express Autonomy Shame & Doubt 1-3 emotional responses based on the Initiative Guilt 3-6 feedback from the environment. Industry Inferiority 6-12 Identity Confusion 12-18 a. Basic emotion – love, fear and anger Intimacy Isolation 18-40 b. Attachment – emotional bonding of Generativity Stagnation 40-60 child with parent Integrity Despair 60 above c. Separation anxiety – child’s distress when a parent leaves 4. Social Development – involves the D. Kohlbergs’s Theory – Moral Stages of development of how a person establish Development identity, social skills and social relationships 1. Pre-conventional stage (2-7 yrs. old) Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Concept of wrong and right is exact Development What is said to them is right Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of 2. Conventional stage (7-12 yrs. old.) Development Concept of right and wrong is based on standards 3. Post-conventional stage (13 above) An individual develops his/her own set of values and principles
IV. Types of Development
1. Physical Development – sensorimotor development Sensory development – responses to stimuli (light, sound)
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