A

PROJECT REPORT

ON

TO STUDY LABOUR WELFARE FACILITIES AND WORKING

CONDITIONS IN RAJHANS DUDH UTPADAK AND PAKRIYA
SANGH, SANGAMNER

SUBMITTED TO
SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY
FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF BACHELOR OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [B.B.A]
SUBMITTED BY
MR: AVHAD SAGAR SURESH. (T.Y.B.B.A)
UNDER GUIDANCE BY
PROF. DR. S. K. BACHCHHAV
THROUGH

SAHAKAR MAHARSHI BHAUSAHEB SANTUJI THORAT

COLLEGE OF
ART, SCIENCE, & COMMERCE,
SANGAMNER-422605

2017-2018

1
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that, MR. AVHAD SAGAR SURESH has satisfactory

carried out and completed the Project work entitled “TO STUDY LABOUR
WELFARE FACILITIES AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN RAJHANS
DUDH UTPADAK AND PRAKRIYA SANGH, SANGAMNER” her work is
being submitted for the project requirement of B.B.A. it is submitted in the partial
fulfillment of the prescribed syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University For the
academic year 2017-2018.

PROF: DERE J. D. PROF. NAVALE S.D. Dr. DATIR.R.K

(H.O.D) (VICE- PRINCIPAL / CO-ORDINATOR) (PRINCIPAL)

(INTERNAL EXAMINER) (EXTERNAL EXAMINER)

2
 CERTIFICATE

This Is To Certify That The Project Entitled

“TO STUDY LABOUR WELFARE FACILITIES AND WORKING

CONDITIONS”

For

“RAJHANS DUDH UTPADAK AND PAKRIYA SANGH,

SANGAMNER”

Submitted by

MR: AVHAD SAGAR SURESH

For The Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirement Of The Degree Of

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

(BBA)

Submitted to

“SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY”

Under my guidance and supervision

To The Best Of My Knowledge And Belief The Work Presented Has

Not Been Submitted Earlier For The Any Degree Or Diploma.

DATE:-

PLACE:- PROF. DR.S.K. BACHCHHAV

3
 PROJECT GUIDE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am Student of S.M.B.S.T College Sangamner, take greater pleasure in

submitting project on “Labour Welfare Facilities& Working Condition In Rajhans
Dudh Utpadak And Prakriya Sangh, Sangamner(2017-2018)’’ As partial syllabus of
Savitribai Phule Pune University.

I am thankful to Rajhans Dudh Utpadak And Prakriya Sangh, Sangamner and their
staff for their guidance.

I am thankful to Prof.Dr.S.K.Bachchhav. And Prof. S.B.Khamkar. For Their

consistent advice & help for this project work. I am thankful to all respected sir of
B.B.A Department for their help.

I would like to give thanks to Principal of S.M.B.S.T. College Sangamner

Prof. Dr. R.K.Datir sir giving the opportunity for the completing this project.

MR: AVHAD SAGAR SURESH

(T.Y.B.B.A)

4
 DECLARATION

I am Avhad Sagar Suresh will declare that the Entitled To Study Labour
Welfare Facilities and Working conditions In Rajhans Dudh Utpadak And Pakrira
Sangh Sangamner. An Organization are search work made for genuine & benefited
work presented by me under the guidance project guide.

The empirical finding in this project, are based on the data collected by me.
The matter presented in this report is not copied from any source. Understand that any
such copy is lab to the punishment in way the university authority deems fit.

The work is not been submitted for the award of any Degree or diploma
earlier to Savitribai Phule Pune University or any other University. The project report
is submitted to Savitribai Phule Pune University In the partial fulfillment of the
Bachelor of Business Administration (B.B.A).

MR: AVHAD SAGAR SURESH

(T.Y.B.B.A)

5
 INDEX

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

NO. NO.
1 7-17
COMPANY PROFILE

2 PROJECT PROFILE 18-19

3 ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE 20

4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 21-27

5 THEROTICAL BACKGROUND 28-33

6 DATA ANALYSIS AND 34-43

INTERPRETATIONS

7 FINDINGS AND SUGGESTION 44-45

8 CONCLUSION 46

9 BIBLOGRAPHY 47

10 APPENDICES 48

6
 CHAPTER:- 1

COMPANY PROFILE

Sangamner Taluka Sahakari Dudh Utpadak And Prakriya Sangh Ltd.,

Sangamner, Tal. Sangamner, Dist. Ahamednagar has been registered under No.
ANR / PRD / A / 270 on dt. 12/11/1977. It is registered for milk collection,
processing, making by product are marketing, for this union has developed related
activities are per requirement. The union is an outcome of the ardent desire of Sahakar
Maharshi Shri. Bhausaheb Santuji Thorat to provide employment in order to uplift the
financial conditions of the farmers in the Taluka presents Shri. P.B. UBALE is the
chairman of this union.

Location of Company
The Sangamner, Taluka in Ahamednagar District is located at the North – East
region of the district at the South, Shrirampur Taluka at the East and Akole Taluka at
the West.

Historical & Geographical

The river Pravara flows through the mid line of Taluka. There are some Co –
op and individual lift irrigation schemes on Pravara, Mhalungi &Adhala River. It
experience that the average rainfall of the tehsil always not more than 450 mm. the
tahsil is several affected by drought only a Bhandardara Dam located 60 km. West to
Sangamner is the major source of lift irrigation. This covers 50% area and rest of the
50 % always facing to drought.

7
 Dairy Co – Operative Movement And Taluka Union
The co – operative movement in agricultural farming was started under
inspiration of our first chief Minister late Shri. Y. B. Chavan and with the success of
green revolution late :Mr.V. P. Naik. Assured base prices for not only agricultural
commodities but also for the milk. With this assurance, the programmed of
crossbreeding was launched under the joint efforts of late Mr. Annasaheb Shinde,
Ex. Agriculture Minister Govt.of India Maharashtra Government, Bhartiya Agro
Industries Foundation at Urali Kanchan and Mr. Bhausaheb Thorat, Freedom Fighter
and senior co – operative leader who is the Union.
With this background, Sangamner Taluka Sahakari Dudh Utpadak And
Prakriya Sangh Ltd. has been started on 12/11/1977 initially only 1500 liters per day
of milk was collected through dairy farming and cross breeding. The programmer
envisaged providing technical service to the farmers at their door step by starting
cross breeding (A. I.) centers in the rural areas using frozen semen of proven sires, by
these efforts the best cows were produced under the local agro climatic conditions
which were more suited that the purchased cows from other countries / states. For this
milk union took the B. A. I. F.’s technical support and established centers under self
employment scheme for which inputs like semen, liquid nitrogen, and containers were
made available. Milk union took the fodder development program also and thus every
milk producer produces fodder for his own requirement and also for sale, while in the
dry area the milk producers use dry fodder as well as concentrates for milk
production. Union has supplied 350 chaff cutters to milk producers on subsidy and
installment system.

After working for 29 years total milk production of our union is 2,20,000 liter
per day, today 250 primary diary co – operative societies are established. This milk is
collected from about 30000 milk producers with help of 50 hired vehicles though 50
routes. Sangh has established own ice plant having capacity of 40 tones per day in
year 1984. We are also organizing training program work campaigns cattle camps and
calf rallies giving prizes to the progressive farmers and to the crossbreed calves and
cows.
Initially Sangamner milk union was supplying milk to the Government milk
schemes Akole, Ahamednagar and Nasik covering distance 24,100 and 70 km
8
respectively. Due to the long distance, the spoilage of milk was more in summer
season that is why it was felt necessary to have a processing plant at Sangamner.
Accordingly, this union made the efforts and as a result Maharashtra
Government, has established processing plant having capacity 100000 lit. Per day
during the year 1988. This was handed over to our milk union on DT. 20/8/1994 on
lease basic @ Rs. 3,00,000 per year by efforts of Hon. Bhausaheb Throat and Hon.
Minister Balasaheb Thorat
The Dudh Sangh is marketing its milk products under the name and style
“Rajhans Milk”. The market distribution is already established though out the
Maharashtra, Gujarat and Karnataka. Due to huge inquiries from the costumers,
dealers for mineral water the Sangh decided to set up Mineral Water Project.
In addition, Sangh had requirement of bacteria free, pesticide free and
insecticide free for bacteria free milk products as well as for the boiler and cooling
condenser coils. The processed treatment water can be used for the above purpose and
rest will be packed in pouch and bottles. Due to this, the cost of manufacturing will be
low. In addition the transportation and distribution is already available with the sangh.

9
Daily Milk Collection
Today the daily collection of milk is 2,75,000 liters / day through 250 primary
milk co – operatives form the Taluka.

Market
The market of Rajhans Milk and Milk products is already establishment in the
state of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka. There is continuous demand and inquires
from existing dealers and distributors for the Rajhans Milk. At present big sale of
milk is in Maharashtra. There is always a huge demand for Rajhans Milk from the big
cities in Maharashtra. Which are Bombay, Pune, Aurangabad, Nasik, Nandurbar,
Dhule, A.Nagar.

Distribution Of Milk
Union has its own vehicles for collection of milk from primary dairy co –
operatives & distribution of milk to the dealers. Distribution of milk is done through
perforated vans. Union has it’s own 56 perforated vans for timely distribution of milk
to the dealers.
Sales Turnover Of Company
Year
Sales Turnover (in cores)

YEAR SALES TURNOVER(IN

CORES)
2014-15 106.14
2015-16 111.80
2016-17 114.26

Quality Policy
Through a policy of continues quality improvements we are committed to
achieving and maintaining the highest standard for product safety and maintaining the
profile agreed with our customers, world class standards for product quality and

10
customer service. In partnership with supplies, our customers and employees .We are
working towards a goal of TOTAL CONSUMER SATISFACT

PRODUCTS PROFILE

 SHRIKHAND -
Buffalo Milk heated to boil for 5 minutes and then cooled to 420c then started
culture is added. The same is left for six hours and the cured obtained hang for six
hours. The Chaka obtained is mixed with sugar in a big mixer for 15 minutes. Then
spices, cardamom is added to it and packed in the different size cup and then sealed
and kept in Refrigeration condition then sold.

11
  PANEER -
Milk is heated to 850c and cooled 800c. Then citric acid is added. Stir slowly
for 1 minute then the total residue is poured in a muslin cloth and kept under 60 Kg
press for 30 minutes. Then the brick of Paneer is kept in the chilled water for 1 HR.
Then is cutter into pieces and packed for marketing.

 STERILIZED FLAVORD MILK -

Milk is standardized to double toned milk fat and is pasteurized then sugar and
essence, color is added. The mixture is then filled in 200 ml-size glass bottle and
sealed in cork machine. Then bottles kept in sterilizer and heated to 1200c for 20 min.
Then cooled at room temp and ready for sale.

 GHEE -
The cream separated from milk and heated to 1080c or until total moisture is
removed. Then it filtered in trough filleting machine and packed in different bag and
ready for market.

 LASSI -
Milk is pasteurized to 800c for 17 second and cooled to 420c starter culture is
added to it kept for six hours. Add sugar to it mix it thoroughly and homogenize it.
Then the curd is pasteurized, essence is added and packed in 200 ml packet and ready
for market
12
  PEDHA -
Milk is heated in khoa machine to the stage khoa stage, sugar is added and
again heated to remove moisture then velchi, and badam etc added and mixed
thoroughly and is given with the help of mould. The pieces are packed in box and
ready for sale.

 CHEESS -
Milk is pasteurized to 800c for 17 second and cooled to 420c starter culture is
added then it incubate 6 hours then the curd formed is mixed and homogenized then it
pasteurized, salt is added and packed in 250ml, 500ml packets and stored under
refrigeration and ready for market.

13
 INDUSTRY PROFILE
The dairy sector in the India has remarkable development in the past decade
and India has now become one of the largest producers of milk and value-added milk
products in the world. The dairy sector has developed through co-operatives in many
parts of the State. During 1997 – 98, the State had 60 milk processing plants with an
aggregate processing capacity of 5.8 million liters per day. In addition to these
processing plants, 123 Government and 33 co – operatives milk chilling centers
operate in the State.
With the increase in milk production Maharashtra now regularly exports milk
to neighboring states. It has also initiated a free school feeding scheme, benefiting
more than three million school children from over 19,000 schools all over the state.
Indian Dairy Industry
Dairy is a place where handling of milk products is done and technology refers
to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. Dairy technology has
been defined as that branch of dairy science, which deals with the processing of milk
and the manufacture of milk products on an industrial scale.
In developed dairying countries such as the U. S. A., the year 1850 is seen as
the dividing line between farm and factory scale production. Various factors
contributed to this change in these countries. Concentration of population in cities
where jobs were plentiful, rapid industrializations, improvement of transportation
facilities, development of machines, etc.
Whereas the rural areas were identified for milk production, the urban centers
were selected for the location of milk processing plants and products manufacturing
factories. These plants and factories were rapidly expanded and modernized with
improved. Machinery and equipment to secure the various advantages of large – scale
production. Nearly all the Milk in the U. S. A. before 1900 was delivered as raw
(natural) milk. Once pasteurization was introduced it developed rapidly. Mechanical
refrigeration helped in the rapid development of the factory system of market milk
distribution.

14
In India, Dairying has been practiced as a rural cottage Industry since the remote past.
Semi commercial dairying started with the establishment of military dairy farms and
co – operative milk unions throughout the country towards the end of the ninetieth
century.
During the earlier years, each household in those living close by . As the
Urban population increased, fewer household could keep a cow for the private use.
The high cost of milk production, problems of sanitation etc., restricted the practice
and gradually the family cow the city was eliminated and city cattle were all sent back
to the rural areas.
Gradually farmers within easy driving distance began delivering milk over
regular routes in the cities. This was the fluid milk – sheds which surround the large
cities of today. Prior to the 1850s most milk was necessarily because of lack of
suitable means of transportation and refrigeration. The Indian Dairy Industry has
made rapid progress since Independence. A large number of modern milk plants and
products factories have since been established. These organized dairies have been
successfully engaged in the routine commercial product of pasteurized bottled milk
and various Western and Indian dairy products. With modern knowledge of the
protection of milk during transportation, it become possible to locate dairies where
land was less expensive and crops could be grown more economically.

History of Indian Milk Industry

Beginning in organized milk handling was made in India with the
establishment of Military Dairy Farms.
Handling of milk in co- operative Milk unions established all over the country on a
small scale in the early stages.
Long distance refrigerated rail – transport of milk from Anand to Bombay
since 1945.
Pasteurization and bottling of milk on a large scale for organized distribution was
started at Aare (1950), Calcutta (haring hanta, 1959), Delhi (1959) Worli (1961),
Madras (1963) etc.
Establishment of Milk Plants under the Five – Year Plants for Dairy
Development all over the India. These were taken up with the dual object of
increasing the national level of milk consumption and ensuring better returns to the
primary milk producer. Their main aim was to produce more, better and cheaper milk.
15
Dairy Industry In India
More than 2,445 million people economically active in agriculture in the
world . Probably 2/3 or even more ¾ of them are wholly or partly depended on
livestock.
Farming India is endowed with rich flora & fauna & continues to be vital avenue
employment and income generation, especially in rural areas. India, which has 66% of
economically active population, engaged in agriculture, derives 31% of Gross
Domestic Product GDP from agriculture. The share of livestock product is estimated
at 20% of total agricultural sector.

The Liquid Milk & Milk Products Market

Out of total production of 88 met of milk, 46 percent is consumed as liquid
milk. Less than 30 percent of milk production – i.e. 26.4 met – is packaged. Currently
barely 778 out of 3,700 cities and towns are served by the milk distribution network
dispensing hygienically packed milk segment would double in the next five years.
The effective milk market is largely confined to urban areas, inhabited by over
25 percent of the country’s population. In urban India, an estimated 50 percent of the
total milk produce is consumed by population of roughly about 350 million. The
expected rise in urban population would be a boon to Indian dairying of three A’s of
marketing – availability, acceptability and affordability, the dairy sector is at an
advantage since Indians are a milk loving people. However what continues to be a
challenge is the affordability factor. Volume sales of milk powders in mini sachets,
for two cups of tea or coffee, could also help in increasing volumes.
Flavored Milk is increasingly becoming the toast of the milk market. The
overall market for flavored milk in India is estimated to have grown 27 percent in
value terms in 2004 – 05. Milk –based drinks are the flavor of the season as
consumers seek healthy lifestyles. ‘Nestlé’s Fruit and Milk and Amrit Foods’ Gagan
are the two brands that have a significant presence in this segment. Diet Milk,
Fortified Milk and other such niche categories are expected to grow. Gagan, the Amrit
Foods brand, has launched a Diet Milk which is recommended for people with high

16
cholesterol and blood pressure since it has just 0.5 percent fat content. This is a long
shelf life product.
Ultra Heat Treatment (UHT) milk or long – shelf – life milk sales are estimated to be
in the region of 70 million liters and the segment is growing at a healthy pace of 20 –
25 percent per year.
Packaged cured and curd products – such as lassie, buttermilk, Chhas, set dahi,
mishitdoe etc. – are new products and are witnessing a rapid pace of growth. In terms
of volumes this just comprises 5 percent of dairy products, but they are growing at 10
percent per annum. Flavored yoghurt which is popular in the west, however, has not
successful in India.
Traditional Products, such as pannier, mithaee, khoa and khoa based sweets, which
are available in the unorganized market, is a huge segment. Apart from Amul which
has launched pannier and its mithaee brand which offers Traditional Indian Sweets the
organized sector has not tapped into the potential that this sub – category offers.

Milk Production
1950 – 17 million tones
1996 – 70.8 million tones
1997 – 74.3 million tones
2000 – 90.6 million tones
2004 – 101.4 million tones
(Projected) 2020 – 240 million tones
Expected to reach 220 to 250 million tones – 2020
India contributes to world milk production rise from 12 – 15 % & it will increase
up to 30 – 35 % (2020)

17
 CHAPTER:- 2

PROJECT PROFILE

The project deals with the study of labor welfare facilities according to
factories act, 1948. According to factories act, 1948 there are various facilities that an
organization should provide to their employees. The various facilities available
according to this act are washing facilities, facilities for storing, drying and clothing
facilities for sitting .First aid appliances canteen, shelter, rest rooms, and lunch rooms,
crèches, welfare officer. Before the start of the project the aim was to select a project
which is closely related to the rural society of the region and then come to
conclusion .To select a project about Rajhans dairy and milk production organization,
and to study about the welfare facilities available to employees in the organization
.Rajhans organization has supported and uplifted the standard of living of the people
in the region. It also has helped other organization to help accordingly.

The aim of the project is to study about what extent the facilities are available
to the employees and to what extent employees are making of use of it. The study
completely depends upon the information collected with the help of it the study
completely depends upon the information collected with the help of employees in the
organization. The study about the project gives realization of real life experience of
being an employee of the organization. The project also includes information about
the various product prepared by Rajhans dairy and milk production sangamner, and
methods of preparation in details.

Facilities like, housing scheme, medical benefits, an education and recreation

facility for workers families helps in raising their standards of living. This makes
workers to pay more attention towards work and thus increase their productivity.

Labour welfare facilities and working conditions in factory act, 1948, Labour
welfare is an important dimension of industrial relations, labour welfare includes

18
overall welfare facilities designed to take care of well being of employees and order to
increase their living standard. It can also be provided by government, non-government
agencies and trade unions. Till then well-being of workers in factories was hardly
thought y anybody. Industrial labour organization has played a very significant role
for labour welfare .Formed by Indian central government and state government for
welfare of labour in industries.
Labour welfare may be understood and including such services facilities and
amenities which may be established in vicinity of undertakings to perform their work
in healthy and congenial environment and to avail of facilities which improve their
health and bring high moral .labour welfare activities will be carried out at all levels
in the organization it will be provide over and above regular wages. It can be a social
concept which relates to welfare of employees, their families and community as a
whole .Nature of welfare shall be adopted time to time according to needs of workers.
Labor welfare provides facilities in addition to regular wages and other economic
benefits.
Employers, governments, NGO etc. introduce welfare measures. Labour
welfare provides facilities which improve workers work life balance.

19
 CHAPTER:-3
ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE

Organization Structure

Chairman

Vice chairman

Managing Director

General Manager G.M. (Finance)

Establishment Account Marketing Purchase Store

Department Department Department Department Department

20
 CHAPTER:-4

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

WHAT IS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

By the term "Research", we mean a systematic and goal oriented investigation
of facts that seeks to establish a relationship between two or more phenomenon. The
research process and findings can provide valuable input to a manager. Research is
not the province solely of scientist and academicians but a mandatory and ongoing of
human resource.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Methodology is the systematic and objective search for an analysis
of information relevant to the identification and solution of any problem in the field of
any problem in the field of business.

Research Design
"A research design is the arrangement of conditions for the collection and
analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose
with economy in procedure." It is the conceptual structure within which research is
conducted. The design of a research of the study is exploratory. And the type of my
research is qualitative research.

Process of Sampling:
Quite often researcher selects only a few managers from the company for our
study processes. The items so selected constitute what is technically called sample.

21
Probability samples are those on the simple random sampling. Systematic sampling,
and stratified sampling, etc. whereas non probability samples are those based on
convenience sampling, judgment sampling and quota sampling techniques . The
sampling technique that I used is "SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING"

Sample Size
The total sample is of 50 which consist of staff members, trainees, probations laborers
and contract laborers. As “Rajhans Milk, Sangamner” has various dept. having a large
number of employees so it was not possible to cover the entire population of all the
employees. Thus a Sample size for my project is chosen as 50. Therefore their % is
50/50*100 = 100 %

Data Collection
The task of data and research collection begins after a research problem has been
defined and research design chalked out, while deciding about the method of data
collection to be used for the study, the researcher should keep in mind two types of
data,

PRIMARY DATA AND SECONDARY DATA

 Primary Data Collection

Primary sources mean first hand sources or original sources. Primary data are those,
which are collected for the first time and thus happen to be an original in nature. I
collected primary data for my project through

• Questionnaire
The questionnaire is consisting of 14 questions and it was circulated among 50
employees which covered all the department of the company.
• Observations

22
In these two month time, I observed the working of the whole organization. I
observed how the HR manager was able to listen to the problems of all the employees
and try to solve them with positive and practical approach. He was able to interact co-
coordinately with the employees of the other departments. The working environment
of the company was very systematic. I also observed how he did the appraisal on the
employees working in different departments. He was able to communicate well with
the local people. The meetings that were conducted daily to remind the employees of
their promises and to discuss the common issues.
• Informal Communication
Employees were curious to know what I was doing in the company. They asked about
my qualifications, the place I belong to, I used to have interaction with the employees.

 Secondary data collection

The secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and
which have already been passed through the statistical process. Secondary-data for my
project was accumulated HR manual, previous performance appraisal forms and:-
 Company brochure
 Worksheet
 Company website
 Company Magazines
 Newspapers
 Journals

23
 OBJECTIVES

1. To provide better life and health to the workers.

2. To make the worker happy and satisfied

3. To relieve workers from industrial fatigue.

4. To intellectual, cultural and material condition of living of the workers.

24
 LIMITATIONS

1. Limited persons survey has been done ( which doesn’t included labour)

2. Findings the welfare facilities and working condition of about the job
dependents upon the employees” perception.

3. Welfare facilities is fear in the minds of employees that may be false

because management.

4. There may be personal bias of the respondents, when affect the result of
the study.

25
 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

1. It will help the employee to have a better insight of the labour welfare
facilities.

2. It will help the employee to rethink about the effective parameters which are
not included in present labour welfare facilities form.

3. It will create the awareness about training program needed to overcome the
employees from his weaknesses.

4. It will help the employee to know the importance and development based on
working condition in an organization.

26
 RATIONALS OF THE STUDY

1. Providing information about the performance rank basing on which decision

regarding salary fixation, promotion, transfer and demotions are taken.

2. To prevent grievance and in disciplinary activities

3. Provides information which helps to counsel the subordinates

4. Provide feedback information about level of achievement and behavior of

subordinate

27
 CHAPTER:- 5
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

MEANING AND DEFINITION OF LABOUR WELFARE

Now day welfare has been generally accepted by employees as a social right,
but the degree of importance given by the in varies.
Therefore the governments also interviews and introduces legislation from the
time to time bring about uniformity in providing such amenities, the intervention of
the state however, is only to widen the area of is applicability.
Labour welfare is flexible and elastic concept. Its meaning and implications
differ widely with times, regions, industries, countries, social values and customs, the

28
general economic development of the people and the political ideologies prevailing at
particular moments, as such, a precise definition is rather difficult.
Labour welfare implies the setting up of minimum desirable standards of the
provisions of facilities like health, food, clothing, housing, medical assistance,
education, insurance, job security, recreation etc, such facilities enable the worker and
his family to lead a good working life, family life and social life.
Labour welfare thus embraces in its fold all efforts which have their objects of
improvements of health, safety welfare ad general well-being of the workers. It is
confined to those activities which are undertaken statutorily or otherwise, inside the
industrial premises or outside by any agency, governments, employers which do not
come, under social insurance condition and which lead to improvements in health
efficiency and happiness of industrial workers and their families. Eg, recreational,
medical, educational, washing, bathing, transport facilities canteens and crèches, etc.
thus, the term labour welfare covers not only the workers but also their families.
A labour welfare activity in an industrialized society has far reaching impact
not only on the work force but also all the faced of the human resources, labour
welfare includes all such activities, which not only secures existential necessities but
also ensures improvements .In spiritual and emotional quotient ,It comprises of short
term and long term goal towards buildings a human society.
As a labour welfare is a dynamic concept, changes in its principles activities
and the rationale supporting them have not been static; they closely follow the stages
of advancement of the industrialized society- from the policies.

THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING

PROVISIONS RELATING TO LABOUR WELFARE:
(1) Washing Facilities:
In every factory (a) adequate and suitable facilities shall be provided and
maintained for the use of workers; (b) separate and adequately screened facilities shall
be provided for the use of male and female workers; (c) such facilities shall be easily
accessible and shall be kept clean.

(2) Facilities for storing and drying clothing:

In every factory provision for suitable place should exist for keeping clothing
not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet clothing.

29
(3) Facilities for sitting:
In every factory, suitable arrangements for sitting shall be provided and
maintained for all workers who are obliged to work in a standing position so that the
workers may take advantage of any opportunity for rest which may occur in the
course of work. If in any factory workers can efficiently do their work in a sitting
position, the Chief inspector may require the occupier of the factory to provide such
seating arrangements as may be practicable.

(4) First aid appliances:

Under the Act, the provisions for first-aid appliances are obligatory. At least
one first-aid box or cupboard with the prescribed contents should be maintained for
every 150 workers. It should be readily accessible during all working hours.

Each first-aid box or cupboard shall be kept in the charge of a separate

responsible person who holds a certificate in the first-aid treatment recognized by the
State Government and who shall always be readily available during the working hours
of the factory.

In every factory wherein more than 500 workers are ordinarily employed
there shall be provided and maintained an ambulance room of the prescribed size
containing the prescribed equipment. The ambulance room shall be in the charge of
properly qualified medical and nursing staff. These facilities shall always be made
readily available during the working hours of the factory.

(5) Canteens:
In every factory employing more than 250 workers, the State government may
make rules requiring that a canteen or canteens shall be provided for the use of
workers. Such rules may provide for (a) the date by which the canteen shall be
provided, (b) the standards in respect of constitution, accommodation, furniture and
other equipment of the canteen; (c) the foodstuffs to be served therein and charges
which may be paid thereof; (d) the constitution of a managing committee for the
canteens and representation of the workers in the management of the canteen; (e) the
items of expenditure in the running of the canteen which are not to be taken into
account in fixing the cost of foodstuffs and which shall be borne by the employer; (f)
the delegation to the Chief inspector, of the power to make rules under clause (c).
30
(6) Shelters, rest rooms and lunch rooms:
In every factory wherein more than 150 workers are ordinarily employed,
there shall be a provision for shelters, rest room and a suitable lunch room where
workers can eat meals brought by them with provision for drinking water. Where a
lunch room exists, no worker shall eat any food in the work room. Such shelters or
rest rooms or lunch rooms shall be sufficiently lighted and ventilated and shall be
maintained in a cool and clean condition.

(7) crèches:
In every factory wherein more than 30 women workers are ordinarily
employed there shall be provided and maintained a suitable room or rooms for the use
of children under the age of six years of such women .Such rooms shall provide
adequate accommodation, shall be adequately lighted and ventilated, shall be
maintained in clean and proper sanitary conditions and shall be under the charge of
women trained in the care of children and infants.

The State government may make rules for the provision of additional facilities
for the care of children belonging to women workers including suitable provision
of facilities:—
(a) For washing and changing their clothing

(b) of free milk or refreshment or both for the children, and

(c) for the mothers of children to feed them at the necessary intervals.

(8) Welfare officers:

In every factory wherein 500 or more workers are ordinarily employed, the
occupier shall employ in the factory such number of welfare officers as may be
prescribed under Sec. 49(1). The State government may prescribe the duties,
qualifications and conditions of service of such officers

(9) Drinking Water

31
 In every factory, effective arrangement shall be made at suitable places for
sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water. Such places shall be legibly marked
‘Drinking Water’ in a language understood by a majority of the workers employed in
the factory. In case of factories employing more than 250 workers, provisions shall be
made for cooling drinking water during hot weather by effective means, and for its
distribution.

(10) Latrines and Urinals

The Factories Act requires that provision should be made for —

a) Sufficient latrine and urinal accommodation conveniently situated

And accessible to workers while they are in the factory;
b) Separate enclosed accommodation for male and female workers;
c) Such accommodation being adequately lighted and ventilated;
d) All such accommodation being maintained in a clean and sanitary
Condition;
e) Sweepers being employed to clean latrines, urinals and washing places;
Where the number of workers in a factory is more than 250
i) Latrines and urinals shall be of prescribed sanitary types;
ii) The floor and internal walls of the latrines and urinals shall be
Laid with glazed tiles;
iii) Floors and walls and the sanitary pans of latrines and urinals
Shall be thoroughly washed and cleaned at least once in every
Seven days with suitable detergents or disinfectants or with both.

(11) Spittoons
Sufficient number of spittoons must be provided in every factory and
maintained in clean and hygienic condition. No person shall spit within the premises
of a factory except in the spittoons. A notice containing this provision and the penalty
for its violation shall be prominently displayed at suitable places in the factory
premises.

(12) Lighting
32
 The Factories Act provides for sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or
artificial where workers are working or passing through. Provision of cleaning of
inner and outer surface is provided for all glazed windows and skylights used for the
lighting of the workrooms. In every factory, effective provision shall be made for the
prevention of
a) glare, either directly from a source of light or by reflection from smooth or polished
surface;
b) The formation of shadows to such an extent as to cause eyestrain or the risk of
accident to any worker

(13) Disposal of Wastes and Effluents

Effective arrangement shall be made for the disposal of wastes and effluents
arising out of manufacturing process in the factories.

(14) Ventilation and Temperature

Provision to be made for ventilation and regulation of temperature in the
factories .Effective and suitable measures shall be adopted for securing and
maintaining in every room adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air, and
such a temperature as will secure to workers reasonable conditions of comfort, and
prevent injury to health, and in particular the walls and roofs shall be of such material
and so designed that such temperature shall not exceed but kept within reasonable
Limits .The state government shall prescribe the standards of adequate
Ventilation and reasonable temperature for any factory or part thereof.

(15) Dust and Fume

In every factory, where due to manufacturing process, dust or fume or other
impurity arise which is likely to be injurious to the health of workers employed,
effective
Measures shall be taken to prevent its inhalation, and accumulation in any workroom.
If it is necessary to install exhaust appliances, it would be installed near the point of
origin of the dust, fumes, or other impurity. Measures shall be taken to enclose
Such points .

33
 CHAPTER:-6
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

 ANALYSIS OF THE PERSONAL AND OTHER FACTORS

The personal factors included in the study are gender, location, age,
designation,
Qualification ,area of work, salary, and global position.
An analysis of the respondents based on gender, location, age, designation,
qualification,
Area of work, salary, and global position have been conducted and the findings are
Discussed as follows:

Table No.1 . Gender-Wise Distribution Of The Sample

Gender No. Of Respondent Percentage Of The Total
Sample
Male 45 90%
34
 Female 5 10%
Total 50 100%
Graphical presentations of a gender wise distribution

GENDER
10%
MALE
FEMALE

90%

INTERPRETATION:
It these reveals in that graph 90 % male respondent and 10% female
respondent in these selected sample.

Table No. 2 Age-Wise Distribution Of The Sample:

Analysis of the respondents based on age is
Conducted and the results are given as follows:
Age Wise Distribution Of The Sample:
Age No. Of Respondent Percentage Of The Total
Sample
< 18 Years 04 8%
18-20 Years 10 20%
20-25 Years 17 34%
Above 25 Years 19 38%
Total 50 100%

35
 AGE
8%
38% 20%
<18
18-20
20-25
ABOVE 25

34%

INTERPRETATION:
Table no. 2 shows the grouping of the respondent under the different age
groups as” less than 18 years age groups, 18-21 years and 20-25 years and above
group. 50 respondents belongs to the selected sample

Table No.3 Distribution Of Experience Groups In The Organization

Experience Group No. Of Respondent Percentage Of Total
Sample
< 6 Months 9 18%
6 Months 1 Year 8 16%
1-2 Years 17 34%
3-5 Years 10 20%
 5 Years 6 12%
Total 50 100%

36
 EXPERIENCE
12% 18%

< 6 MONTHS
20% 6 MONTHS-1 YEAR
1-2 YEAR
16% 3-5 YEAR
> 5 YEARS

34%

INTERPRETATION:

Above diagram indicate 15.60 % of the respondents belong to ‘1-2 years’

group and34% of the respondent’s belongs to ‘6 months – 1 year’ group. Also 16% of
the sample belong to ‘3-5 years’ category, 20% of the sample belong to ‘less than 6
months’ group and 18% of the sample fall in ‘above 5 years’ group.

Table No.4: Global Position-Wise Distribution Of The Sample

Analysis of the respondents
Based on global position is conducted and the results are given as follows:
Distribution Of The Sample Based On Global Position (National/
Multinational)
Global Position Number Of Respondents Percentage
Global Position No. Of Respondent Percentage
National 50 100%
Multinational 0 NILL
Total 50 100%
Source: Survey Data

37
It shows the grouping of the respondents under national and multinational
BPO employees.30 respondents belong to national BPO’s and 20 respondents belong
to multinational BPO companies.
Percentage Wise Distribution Of Global Position

GLOBAL POSITION
NATIONAL
INTERNATIONAL

100%

Percentage National, Multinational

Global Position
National Multinational Indicates the grouping of the respondents in the sample
under national and Multinational BPO employees. It shows that 100% of the sample
belongs to national BPO Employees and 0% of the sample belongs to multinational
BPO employees.
Inference: it is inferred that 100% of the respondents are selected
from national BPO’s and 0% of the respondents are selected from multinational
BPO’s which shows that there is almost equal representation from national and
multinational
BPO’s

Table No.5 Salary-Wise Distribution Of The Respondents Salary

Groups (Per Month)

No. Of Respondent Percentage

<Rs.30,000 36%
>Rs35,000 40%
Rs 40,000 24%
Total 100%
Source: Survey Data

Exhibits classification of respondents as per their salary per month . There are three
salary groups included in the sample as ‘less than Rs. 30000’
38
Percentage-wise distribution of salary groups

SALARY
24%
36%
<RS. 30000
>RS. 35000
RS 40000

40%

INTERFERENCE:

In that above representation will be showed by the salary wise distribution to the
given sample sized of the organization as per percentage wise

Table No.6 The Representations Of The Designation

Designation No. Of Respondent Percentage

Process Analysts 4 8%
Senior Process Analysts 18 36%
Team Leader 15 30%
Supervisor 10 20%
Manager 3 6%

39
 Designation
20% 6% 8%

process analysts
seniour PA
team leader
36% supervisor
manager

30%

Graphical representations of the organizational designations

INTERFERENCE:

in the above chart shows the working designation of the given organization hence,
process analysts are 8%, senior process analysts are 36% and team leader are 30%,
supervisor 20% and the manager should 6% in that case.

Table No. 7: Qualification Of The Distribution In The Organization

Qualification No. Of Respondent Percentage

ITI / Diploma 28 56%
Under Graduation 10 20%
Graduation 8 16%
Pg 4 8%
Total 50 100
Graphical representations of the qualification

40
 qualification
16% 8%

iti.diploma
UG
G
56% PG

20%

INTERFERENCE:

In the above chart shows educational wise distribution of the organization as per the
ITI/diploma 56%, UG 20%,graduation level are 16% and the prost graduation level
may be 8%.

Table No.8: No. Of Respondent Under Training

Opinion No. Of Respondent Percentage

Yes 43 86%
No 7 14%

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATON OF OPINION

41
 OPINION
14%

YES
NO

86%

INTERFERENCE:

Hence, above chart are showed by the respondent opinion as per the company’s
training facilities as per the closed end types like yes or no. as per the yes answers are
86% respondent and 14% respondents are also say no.

Table No: 9: Training Program Undergone In The Organization

Training Group No. Of Respondent Percentage

1-2 15 30%
3-4 30 60%
5- Above 5 10%
Total 50 100%

42
 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION IN HE TRAINING PROGRAMME

TRAINING PROGRAMME
10%

30%
1-2 GROUP
3-4 GROUP
5-above

60%

INTERFERENCE:

In the above chart can be show by the training program within the
organization as per the 1-2 group 30%, 3-4 group 60% and the 5- above group are
10% response in the training program.

Table No. 10 Working Hours In An Organization:

Working Hours No. Of Respondent Response(%)

0-8 10 20%
8-12 28 56%
Above 12 12 24%

43
 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTAION OF THE WORKING HOURS

WORKING HOURS

20%
24%
0-8 HOURS
8-12 HOURS
ABOVE 12

56%

INTERFERENCE:

In the above chart shows by the organizational working hours as per the 0-8
hours labour can work within the organization 20%, 8-12 hours 56% labour are
worked there and above 12 hours are 24%.

CHAPTER:-7

FINDINGS

1. It is finding that Rajhans dairy and milk production provided various welfare
facilities to their employees.

44
2. Overall satisfaction of employees towards welfare facilities provided by
their organization is good.
3. 80% employees are satisfied with the cleanliness facility in environment.
4. 100% of the employees are satisfied with the canteen facilities provided by
the company.
5. Maximum employees are satisfied with hygienic condition in canteen and
workplace.

SUGGESTION

45
1. Company should provide subsidized meal to the employees by making use of
coupon system with affordable food charges.
2. Company should provide ambulance room to their employees in the
organization because organization having more than 500 employees.
3. Medical benefits should be provided to all family members (dependent) to all
the employees.
4. Storing and drying of wet clothing facilities should be provided to all
employees in the organization.
5. Organization should provided good clean and sanitary condition in latrines and
urinals.

CHAPTER:- 8

46
 CONCLUSION

Employee is satisfied with their welfare facilities and services provided their
organization, and also organization maintains cleanliness and hygiene condition at
workplace.

In some cases the employees are satisfied with cleanliness and hygienic in the
working environment .Employees are satisfied with canteen facilities provided by the
company.

All employees are satisfied with during water facility because in their
working are sufficient drinking water points are these and in summer season .Cooling
water facility also provide to employees. All the employees are satisfied with
sufficient and suitable lighting facility at their workplace and campus. The employees
are satisfied with case of an emergency or accidents facilities or services provided in
time the first aid medical facilities also provided by company.

47
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

A) BOOK:

1) S.P. JAIN, INDUSTRIAL AND LABOUR LAWS

(CHAPTER NO.1, THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948)

IS REVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION 2008, REPRINT-2009

2) HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES ( T.Y.B.B.A)

3) HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATIONAL BAHAVIOUR

(S.Y.B.B.A)

B) WEB SITE:

www.whatishumanresource.com

www.rajhans.milk.com

www.indiamart.com

48
 APPENDICES

PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION ANALYSIS

INTERPRETATION

A questionnaire method was adopted to know the causes of Labour welfare and
facilities in Rajhans dairy and milk production manufacturer and the working
facilities affecting the worker in the company. The questionnaire is as follows.

Form No. 1

Research questionnaire for Labour welfare facilities and conditions

Date:-

Shift:-

Age:-

Dear Sir, we would appreciate if you would take a few minute to

answer the question bellow regarding your appraisal levels. These is known apart of
our ongoing project on level in an organization, so

Please tick ( ) under the right answer.

49
 ANNEXURE

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR EMPLOYEE

(QUESTIONNAIRE TO STUDY WELFARE FACILITIES AND

WORKING CONDITIONS)

Name:-

Age:-

Sex:-

Qualification:-

Department:-

Designation:-

1) From How Many Years You Are Working With This Organization?

A) 10 Years B) 15 Years C) 20 Years D) 25 Years

2) Are You Satisfied About The Hygienic Condition Of Working Of Working Place?

A) Satisfied B) Average Satisfies C) Unsatisfied

3) Are You Satisfied About The work C) Unsatisfied

4) How Do You Feel About The Washing Facilities Provided By The Company?

A) Good B) Excellent C) Average D) Poor

5) In The Case Of An Emergency Or Accident Do You Find The First Aid Medical
Facility Is Provided In Time?

50
A) Yes B) No

6) Does the Organization Provided Canteen Facility In Time?

A) Yes B) No

7) With How Much Time The Injured Worker Is Given Treatment?

A) 1 Hour B) 1-1/2 Hour C)2 Hour D) 2-1/2 Hour

8) How Frequently You Take Rest In Between Working Hours?

A) 1 Hour B) 1-1/2 Hour C)2 Hour D)2-1/2 Hour

9) Are You Satisfied With Hygienic Condition And Food Quality Maintained In
Canteen?

A) Satisfied B) Fully Satisfied C) Unsatisfied

10) Do You Have Lunch Room Facility In Your Organization?

A) Yes B) No

11) Does Sufficient And Suitable Lighting Facility Is Provided At Your Workplace?

A) Yes B) No

12) Are You Satisfied Drinking Water Facility In Your Organization?

A) Yes B) No

13) Does Your Organization Have Appointed Welfare Officer?

A) Yes B) No

14) Apart From Factories Act, 1948 Welfare Provisions, Other Welfare Facilities Are
Provides In Your Organization?

A) Yes B) No
51