INTERUPTED DIRECT CURRENT-doc-1

INTERUPTED DIRECT CURRENT
Introduction:
 It is otherwise called as modified direct current.
 Interruption is the usual modification of direct
current. The flow of current commences and ceases
at regular interval.
 This risen and fall may be sudden or gradual.
Type of impulses:
 Sudden raise of current is present in rectangular type
of impulses.
 Gradual raise of current is present in Triangular,
Trapezoidal, Saw tooth and Depolarized.
 The impulses which gradually increase is called as
selective. Those are triangular, trapezoidal and saw
tooth.
 These are different type of impulses.
Duration:
 It ranges from 0.01 to 300ms.
 For treatment purpose 300 or 600 ms is used.
 The duration range from 0.01 to 300ms.
Frequency:
 For an impulse of 100ms frequency is 30/m.
 As the duration increases frequency decreases.
Production:
 Production of interupted direct current in modern
apparatus is by circuits which employ transistors and
timing devices.
 The length of the pulse of electricity produced can be
varied by altering the parts of the circuits through
which current flows.
 A selected switch provides a choice of several
different fixed interval pulses & frequency.
 Current is always applied to the patient through a
potentiometer, as this allows intensity of current to
be turned up from zero.
Physiological effects of I.D.C:

Stimulation of sensory nerve:
 When the interrupted direct current is
applied to the body, there is stimulation of
sensory nerve.
 As the current is of long duration these
produces a stabbing or burning sensation.
 And there is a reflex dilatation of superficial
blood vessels & there is an erythema of
skin.
Stimulation of motor nerve:

 When the motor nerve is stimulated by
interrupted direct current, there is
contraction of muscle supplied by motor
nerve.
 The stimuli are infrequently repeated and
each one produces a brisk muscle twitch
followed by relaxation.
 If the current rises slowly is not able to
produce a muscle contraction, so a sudden
rise is used, to prevent accommodation.
 Rectangular type of pulse used.
Stimulation of denervated muscle:

 The interrupted direct current will produce
a muscle contraction provided the intensity
of the current and duration is adequate.
 A minimum of 100ms is commonly required
but 300ms is always used.
 The contraction is sluggish in nature and it
is slower when compared to motor nerve
being stimulated.
 A current which rises gradually is also able
to produce a muscle contraction similar to
that which rises slowly.
 A slow rising current which is insufficient to
stimulate the motor nerve.
Poles used for stimulation:

 The cathode is more effective than anode
for stimulating motor nerves, but for a
denervated muscle anode is more effective
than cathode.
Chemical effects:
 During the application of I.D.C chemical
changes takes place at the electrodes, so
there is a danger of chemical burns.
Therapeutic effects of I.D.C:

For innervated muscle:
 The modified direct current is not used for
the treatment of innervated muscles.
 Because as the contraction produced by
surgical faradic current are more like
voluntary tetanic contraction and has more
beneficial effect than the isolated twitch
produced by modified direct current.
For denervated muscle:

 Interupted direct current is able to produce
contraction of denervated muscle.
 When a muscle is deprived of its nerve
supply changes occur in its structure and
property.
 So there is marked wasting of muscle fiber
and still if the denervation persists that will
become fibrous and loose its property like
irritability, contractibility, extensibility and
relaxisity.
 When we give electrical stimulation there is
as slow as development of these stages,
and maintains the muscle properties.
 But once the properties of muscle bulk are
loss, it is not possible to regain them.
 300 contractions of each muscles and each
treatment, but it is not possible so 90
contractions are required with rest periods
inbetween.
Technique of application of I.D.C:

Electrodes:
 Labile – one pen & one plate electrode.
 Stabile – 2plate electrodes.
Preparation of apparatus:
Preparation of patient:
This is same as faradic follow that notes.

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INTERUPTED DIRECT CURRENT

Physiological effects of I.D.C:

Stimulation of motor nerve:

Stimulation of denervated muscle:

Poles used for stimulation:

Therapeutic effects of I.D.C:

For denervated muscle:

Technique of application of I.D.C:

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