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2059/1 Section 1: 4 Mark Questions With Answers
2059/1 Section 1: 4 Mark Questions With Answers
2. Hindu of Deccan/South India -lead by Shiva -Aurangzeb fought them for 25 years -1737
defeated Mughals ;plundered Delhi -Marathas were defeated by Afghans in 1761 at Panipat.
3. Persian Leader -Invaded India in 1738 -Also defeated Mughal emporer Muhammad Shah -...
in 1739 -; at Karnal -plundered Mughal empire
4. Afghan general -In 1747 attacked Kabul, Peshawar, Lahore -In 1749 had control of Punjab -In
1756 attacked Kashmir and Multan -1761 defeated Marathas in Battle of Panipat
6. British General -Defeated Nawab Siraj-ud-Dualah -; in 1757 -; in Battle of Plassey -Was made
the Governor of Bengal after Plassey -died in 1773
7. Mir Qasim joined forces with Nawab of Oudh, Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II -; .to drive EIC
out of Bengal -EIC defeated them -; in 1764 - EIC took control of Bengal, Behar, Orrisa and
Oudh
8. 1757 -French encouraged Siraj-ud-Daulah to attack EIC base at Calcutta -Captured city but
couldn't keep hold of it -Robert Clive defeated Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud-Dualah -;with help of
Mir Jaffer's treachery -Siraj-ud-Dualah was killed and his body was found in;span
style"background-color: white; ;-Robert Clive was made Nawab of Bengal
9. Sultan of Maysore -was son of Haider Ali -defeated British many times -killed in 1799 by
British -titled "Tiger of Maysore"
10. Hindu Custom -widow was burned alive with her dead husband -British tended to ignore the
practice because of the fear of offending high-caste Hindus serving in the British army and civil
service -However, it was officially banned by British in 1829 -Suttee remained legal in some
princely states.
11. A disciple of Syed Ahmed -horrified by sufferings of Muslim farmers in West Bengal during
1830s -Organised a stand against zamindars-set up his own rule near Calcutta with small army
-provoked British and was killed in battle -... in 1831
12. Nawab of Bengal -in 1756 attacked EIC base at Calcutta -1757 fought Battle of Plassey -;
was defeated by Robert Clive - was killed and his body was found in the River
13. Indian troops led by Nana Sahib rose against British -British forces were trapped -British
surrendered and were given safe passage -However, when they reached the outskirts of the city
they were attacked from behind -300 British women and children were massacred by them
14. 1857 -British introduced greased cartridges made of cow and pig fat -Indians refused to use
them -Mangal Pandey was executed when he refused to use them -reason of revolt against
British (WOI, 1857)
15. Lakshmibai was the Rani of Jhansi -she dressed like a man -she was assisted by Tatya Topee
in WOI -killed by British in a battle in 1858
16. 1857 -a sepoy Mangal Pandey executed -Many sepoys in Meerut refused to touch the
cartridges -were imprisoned and broke out -Meerut sacked and British officers killed -Soldiers
marched on Delhi and captured it -revolt spread and British lost control of a number of towns
(Mathura, Kanpur, Jhansi and Allahabad) -In September British took Delhi back -Bahadur Shah
II surrendered and his sons murdered -Lucknow taken back -Jhansi held out until Rani was killed
in 1858.
17. Lord Dalhousie introduced it -... in 1852 - it extended British control -when a ruler died
without a natural heir the British would annex his lands e.g. Oudh
18. Introduced in 1858 at Allahabad by British after WOI -This act recognized the rights of
Indians -e.g. no interference in the religious belief of people -However, in practice British paid
little attention to their promise
19. British were worried about expansion policy of Ranjit Singh -Sir Charles Napier provoked
the Amirs of Sindh -Amirs of Sindh attacked British Residency -... in 1843 -British got an excuse
to attack Sindh -Amir of Sindh were defeated and Sindh was annexed
20. British signed treaty of perpetual with Ranjit Singh in 1809 -After his death in 1839, Sikhs
were worried that British might invade Punjab so they attacked British -Sikhs were defeated in
1846 -In Second War 1848-49, British defeated Sikhs and Sikh Empire came to an end;
21. introduced by British in 1833 -it said that Indians could be part of Civil Service in India - its
exams were held in England(in English) -So Indians could take part in it and so India was
entirely ruled by British officials;
22. born in 1817 -founded Aligarh Movement -founded Mohammadan Anglo Oriental
College(MAO) -tried to improve B-M relations after WOI e.g. wrote Loyal Mohammadens of
India -Gave his TNT -known as ; Father of Pakistan Movement';
23. Written by SSAK -in this pamphlet he pointed out the main reasons for the WOI -; e.g.
forcible conversion, poor management of Indian army -Some British read it with sympathy while
others got angered.;
24. Established by SSAK in 1886 -was setup to publicize new educational schemes to be used at
MAO school -;and to raise the educational standards of the Muslims-it was a political platform
for Muslims of India before formation of ML -after its 20th session, ML was formed.;
25. SSAK MAO school was set in 1875 -it gave education on English Public school pattern
-offered western and Islamic education -later the school became college and then university in
1920 -it became a symbol of Muslim unity -Leaders like LAK and Ayub Khan studied here and
later contributed to the Pakistan Movement;
26.; by SSAK -that Hindus and Muslims cannot live together -because they have cultural
differences e.g. Hindi-Urdu Controversy and political differences e.g. domination of Hindus
through congress or civil service TNT became basis of Pakistan Movement so SSAK is also
known as ; Father of Pakistan Movement
27.; 1867 -Hindus demanded Hindi be the official language instead of Urdu -Sir Syed and
Muslims shocked at attack on Urdu as it had a special meaning to them -Even Hindu members of
his Scientific Society wanted their journal published in Hindi -Growing belief that Hindus
working against the interests of Muslims led to his Two-Nation Theory.;
28.; -established in 1885 -so that British could hear the views of educated elite class -would
represent all communities of India, regardless of their religion -However, it became a Hindu-
dominated body and was working to have Hindu supremacy over Muslims;
29.; -Born in 1781 -FM founded by Haji Shariat Ullah -to restore pride of Muslims -revive Islam
-remove Hindu practices in worship -emphasis on praying for past sins -promising to lead a
righteous life in future -alarmed Hindus -his work carried on by son.
30.; Revived Islam -Promoted his message through writings e.g. 51 books on fiqh and Hadiths
-translated the Holy Quran into Persian which would enable more people to read it -persuaded
Ahmed Shah Durani to defeat Marathas to have Muslim rule in Subcontinent -emphasized on
social justice and equilibrium etc.;
31.; -Born in 1786 -religious reformer who worked for revival of Islam in sub-continent
-Believed that Muslims should be ruled by fellows Muslims -launched Jihad Movement Sikhs of
Punjab -gathered Mujahideens -was killed at Balakot by Sikh army (1831)
33.; Punjabi is the local language of the Punjab -It was a popular language amongst the Sufi
poets who used it for their romantic folk poetry and contributed to the popularity of Punjabi -The
Government have ensured its development by giving support to those institutions that are using
it. Radio, TV and film promoting classical and folk literature -Punjabi theatre is also popular
-Punjabi literature is taught up to MA level
34.; used mainly by people of Sindh -Sindhi literary board which prints books and magazines
e.g. G. Allama, Faqir N. Bakhsh -BazmeTalib-ul-Maula was setup to promote Sindhi literature
-Sarmast Academy was established in memory of Sachal Sarmast -Sindhiology department in
Sindh univeristy Jamshoro;
35.; Radio Pakistan Karachi broadcasts in Balochi -Balochi Literary Association setup -weekly
and monthly magazines published -Quetta TV station -development of Balochi literature, writers
and poets e.g. Atta Shad, Ishq Shamin, Gul Khan Nazir and Azad Jamal Din.
36.; Pashto is mainly spoken by people of NWFP -push to literature is taught at Peshawar
university -Push to Dictionary has been prepared by the academy -has played an important role
in driving out British in 1947
37.; Ranjit Singh annexed Punjab, Kashmir and most of Afghanistan -In Sindh he signed a treaty
with Great Britain in 1809 -Great Britain worried about Russian expansion into Afghanistan -;
agreed with Ranjit Singh -ruler of Punjab -Ranjit Singh didn't support Great Britain and they
went ahead anyway but in 1841 Great Britain troops were killed in Afghanistan
38.; Introduced by SSAK at Aligarh -aim was to improve British-Muslim relations -Aim was
improve political and economic position -aim was to remove threat of Hindu domination