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    Anne Love
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    Structural-functionalism is a framework that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. It sees social structure as more important than individuals. Key concepts include social structure, social functions, manifest and latent functions, value consensus, status and roles, and institutions. Theorists like Durkheim, Parsons, and Merton analyzed how social structures function to meet society's needs and how functional prerequisites like adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency contribute to social solidarity and cohesion. Structural-functionalism provides a way to understand how different parts of society work interdependently to maintain social order.

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    Structural-Functionalism

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    Structural-functionalism is a framework that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. It sees social structure as more important than individuals. Key concepts include social structure, social functions, manifest and latent functions, value consensus, status and roles, and institutions. Theorists like Durkheim, Parsons, and Merton analyzed how social structures function to meet society's needs and how functional prerequisites like adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency contribute to social solidarity and cohesion. Structural-functionalism provides a way to understand how different parts of society work interdependently to maintain social order.

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    90 views32 pages

    Structural Functionalism

    Uploaded by

    Anne Love
    Structural-functionalism is a framework that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. It sees social structure as more important than individuals. Key concepts include social structure, social functions, manifest and latent functions, value consensus, status and roles, and institutions. Theorists like Durkheim, Parsons, and Merton analyzed how social structures function to meet society's needs and how functional prerequisites like adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency contribute to social solidarity and cohesion. Structural-functionalism provides a way to understand how different parts of society work interdependently to maintain social order.

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    of 32

    STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALISM

    3 Major Frameworks in the Social


    Sciences

    Structural- Symbolic
    functionalism
    Marxism Interactionism

    2
    Theory
    A theory is a statement of how and why
    specific facts are related. Theories explain
    social behavior in the real world
    3
    “theoretical
    perspective” or ”basic
    assumptions”
    4
    Essential Questions

    How is society held How are these parts


    together? linked?

    What are the major What does each part do to


    parts of society? help society work?

    5
    STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL
    THEORY

    ✣ Émile Durkheim
    ✣ Talcott Parsons
    ✣ Robert K.
    Merton

    6
    STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL
    THEORY

    ✣ Social Structure as more important than the individual


    ✣ “value consensus”
    ✣ Status and roles
    ✣ Institutions (“socially constructed inventions that addresses
    the need of society. Ex. Laws, norms, expectations)
    ✣ Top Down Theory (structure 🡪 individual)

    7
    8
    STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL
    THEORY

    A framework for building theory that sees


    society as a complex system whose parts work
    together to promote solidarity and stability.

    Key concepts: social structure, social functions, manifest functions


    latent functions, value consensus, status and roles, institutions

    9
    10
    SOCIAL STRUCTURE

    Any relatively stable pattern of


    social behavior.

    Social structure gives our lives shape—in


    families, the workplace, the classroom,
    and the community.

    11
    SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

    A function is a complex of
    activities directed towards
    meeting a need or needs of
    the system.
    All social structures, from a simple
    handshake to complex religious rituals,
    function to keep society going, at least in
    its present form.
    12
    How did Talcott Parsons explain
    Functionalism?

    13
    Talcott parsons maintained that
    any social system can be analysed in
    terms of the functional prerequisites he
    identified. Thus, all parts of society
    can be understood with reference
    to the functions they perform.

    14
    4 Basic Functional Prerequisites of Functionalism:
    AGIL Model
    LATENCY
    ADAPTATION
    Creating,
    Acquiring and preserving, and
    mobilizing INTEGRATION
    transmitting the
    sufficient Maintaining system’s
    resources so solidarity or distinctive
    that the GOAL coordination culture and
    system can ATTAINMENT among the values.
    survive. Setting and subunits of the
    implementing system.
    goals.

    15
    VALUE CONSENSUS
    SOCIAL SOLIDARITY

    SOCIALIZATION
    SOCIAL CONTROL

    16
    How did Durkheim explain
    Functionalism?

    17
    What are the 2
    types of social
    solidarity Durkheim
    believed in?
    There are two types of social
    solidarity Durkheim believed in:

    Mechanical Solidarity
    These societies have Organic Solidarity
    people involved in As society develops, a
    similar roles so labor division of labor occurs.
    division is simple. This is when work
    becomes separate from
    the home and the state
    organizes education,
    health care and criminal
    justice systems.
    19
    20
    21
    22
    Robert K. Merton (1910-2003)

    ✣ Any social structure probably has many


    functions, some more obvious than
    others
    ✣ Manifest vs Latent functions

    23
    Manifest vs Latent

    Manifest Functions Latent Functions


    The recognized and The unrecognized
    intended and unintended
    consequences of consequences of
    any social pattern. any social
    pattern.

    24
    Social Dysfunction

    ✣ any social pattern that may disrupt the operation of society


    ✣ any process or set of conditions that does not contribute to
    the maintenance or development of the system

    25
    26
    27
    28
    How does the Structural-Functional
    theory help me understand how society
    works?
    How will I apply this to my life?
    Is this enough to explain how society
    works?

    29
    Mr. Keating in Dead Poets Society (1989)
    “We don't read and write poetry
    because it's cute. We read and
    write poetry because we are
    members of the human race. And
    the human race is filled with
    passion. And medicine, law,
    business, engineering, these are
    noble pursuits and necessary to
    sustain life. But poetry, beauty,
    romance, love, these are what we
    stay alive for.”
    Any questions?

    31
    homework

    32

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