Ano Navy SDSW PDF

NATIONAL
CADET
CORPS
HEAD QUARTERS DG NCC
National Cadet Corps
Edition 2017, HQ DG NCC, India
Copies:
This book or part there of may not be reproduced by

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Published By: The Director General, National Cadets Corps

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THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
PREAMBLE
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, Having Solemnly Resolved To Constitute India Into A
1[SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST
SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC] And To Secure To All Its Citizens :

JUSTICE, Social, Economic And Political;
LIBERTY Of Thought, Expression, Belief, Faith And Worship;
EQUALITY Of Status And Of Opportunity; And To Promote Among Them All
FRATERNITY Assuring The Dignity Of The Individual And The2 [Unity And Integrity Of The Nation];
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY This Twenty-Sixth Day OfNovember, 1949, Do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT
AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.
1Subs,By The Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act.1976, Sec.2, For "Sovereign

Democratic Republic” (W.E.F. 3.1.1977)
2Subs, By The Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act. 1976, Sec. 2, For "Unity Of The Nation”
(W.E.F. 3.1.1977)
THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

Chapter IV A
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
ARTICLE 51A
Fundamental Duties - It Shall Be The Duty Of Every Citizen Of India-
To Abide By The Constitution And Respect Its Ideals And Institutions,
The National Flag And The National Anthem;
To Cherish And Follow The Noble Ideals Which Inspired Our National Struggle
For Freedom;
To Uphold And Protect The Sovereignty, Unity And Integrity Of India;
To Defend The Country And Render National Service When Called Upon To Do So;
To Promote Harmony And The Spirit Of Common Brotherhood Amongst All The People
Of India Transcending Religious, Linguistic And Regional Or Sectional Diversities;
To Renounce Practices Derogatory To The Dignity Of Women;
To Value And Preserve The Rich Heritage Of Our Composite Culture;
To Protect And Improve The Natural Environment Including Forests, Lakes, Rivers,
Wild Life And To Have Compassion For Living Creatures;
To Develop The Scientific Temper, Humanism And The Spirit Of Inquiry And Reform;
To Safeguard Public Property And To Abjure Violence;
To Strive Towards Excellence In All Spheres Of Individual And Collective Activity
So That The Nation Constantly Rises To Higher Levels Of Endeavour And Achievement;
1(K) Who Is A Parent Or Guardian To Provide Opportunities For Education To His/Her
Child Or, As The Case May Be, Ward Between Age Of Six And Forteen Years.
1 Ins. By The Constitution (Eighty - Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 S.4 (W.E.F. 12.12.2002)
NATIONAL ANTHEM
Jana Gana Mana Adhinaayak Jaya Hey,

Bhaarat Bhaagya Vidhaataa
Panjaab Sindhu Gujrat Maraatha
Draavid Utkal Banga
Vindhya Himaachal
Yamuna Ganga,
Uchchhal Jaladhi Taranga
Tav Shubh Naamey Jaagey
Tav Shubh Aashish Mange
Gaayy Tav Jaya gaathaa
Jana Gana Mangal Daayak
Jaya Hey Bhaarat
Bhagya Vidhaataa
Jaya Hey, Jaya Hey,
Jaya Hey, Jaya Jaya Jaya, Jaya Hey.
Preface
1. National Cadet Corps (NCC) came into existence on 15 July 1948 under an Act of
Parliament. Over the years, NCC has spread its activities and values across the length and breath
of the country, in schools and colleges in almost all the districts of India. It has attracted millions
of young boys and girls to the very ethos espoused by its motto “Unity and Discipline” and moulded
them into disciplined and responsible citizens of the country. NCC has attained an enviable brand
value for itself in the Young India’s mind space.
2. National Cadet Corps (NCC) aims at character building and leadership in all walks of life
and promotes the spirit of patriotism and National Integration among the youth of the country.
Towards this end, it runs a multifaceted training, varied in content, style and processes with added
emphasis on practical training, outdoor training and training as a community.
3. With the dawn of Third Millennia, there have been rapid strides in technology,
information, social and economic fields bringing in a paradigm shift in the learning field too, NCC
being no exception. A need was felt to change with times. NCC has introduced its New Training
Philosophy, catering to all the new changes and developments taking place in Indian Society. It has
streamlined and completely overhauled its training objectives, syllabus, methodology etc thus
making it in sync with times. Subjects like National Integration, Personality Development and Life
skills, Social Awareness etc have also been given prominent thrust.
4. Naval Wing specialised syllabus has been designed to generate interest among students
about the defence forces and Indian Navy in particular.
5. The syllabus has been revised to make it cadet friendly, colourful, visually appealing with
large number of photographs, charts, pictures etc. It is hoped that this will facilitate better
assimilation and increased interest among the cadets.
6. Contents of this hard work must form the basis of Institutional Training with explicit
commitment.
(Vinod Vashisht)
Lieutenant General
Director General
National Cadet Corps
1
INDEX
CHAPTER-I PeriodPg No.
NAVAL ORIENTATION
Section –1 Organisation of Ships 2 4–6
Section –2 Mode of entry into Indian Navy 1 7 – 20
Section –3 Branches of the Navy and their functions 1 21 – 23
Section – 4 Role of IN INDO PAK war – 1971 & Kargil War 2 24 – 28
Section - 5 Naval Campaign (Pearl Harbour, Falkland war, Battle 1 29 – 34
of Atlantic/ Fleet PFR, IFR
CHAPTER-II
NAVAL WARFARE AND ITS COMPONENTS (NW)
Section –1 Role of Aviation – Naval Aircrafts & Helicopters 2 36 – 39
Section -2 Types of Submarine and its role ASW Weapon & 1 40 – 48
sensor
CHAPTER-III
NAVAL COMMUNICATION
Section - 1 Semaphore 3 50 – 53
CHAPTER-IV
NAVIGATION
Section –1 Electronic aids for navigation 2 56 – 58
Section –2 Clouds 1 58 – 60
Section - 3 Introduction to astronomy 1 61 – 62
CHAPTER-V
SEAMANSHIP
Section –1 Boatwork – Rigging of sails in boats 2 64 – 65
Section -2 Boatwork – Enterprise class boat, Elementary Sailing 2 66 – 68
Section - 3 Boatwork – Power Boats 1 69 – 71
CHAPTER-VI
FIRE FIGHTING FLOODING & DAMAGE CONTROL
Section - 1 Types of Fire, Extinguishers, Fire Fighting 2 74 – 81
CHAPTER – VII
SHIP AND BOAT MODELLING
Section –1 Calculation of sail area of a model 2 84 – 86
Section –2 Repairing and stabilizing of Ship Models 1 87 – 91
Section –3 Handling and operation of remote control models 2 92 – 93
Section - 4 Practical Training 9 94
CHAPTER – VIII
SEARCH AND RESCUE
Section - 1 Role of Indian Coast Guard 1 96 –98
2
3
CHAPTER - I
NAVAL ORIENTATION
4
LESSON PLAN - N1(SD/SW)
ONBOARD ORGANISATION OF SHIPS
Period - One
Type - Lecture
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
1. Computer slides, Projector, Black Board, easel, chalk and duster.
Time Plan
2. (a) Introduction - 05 min
(b) Department -10 min
(c) Watch System -10 min
(d) Station and Routine - 10 min
(e) Conclusion -5 min
INTRODUCTION
3. Every Warship has schemes of complements which show the number of Officers
and men required to man her under various condition of war and peace. Officers and
men are divided into departments according to their specialization and these in turn
form divisions or may be further divided into two or more sub-divisions, according to the
number borne.
5
DEPARTMENT
4. A chart of the departmental organization of a Destroyer along with the specialists

borne in each department is given below:-
CAPTAIN
Cdr (E) Cdr(L) CDR CDR(Log) PMO Met Offr

Snr Engr DLO (EXO) ALOGO(Pay) MO
ALO(P) First Lt ALOGO (Vict) Dental Offr.
ALO(R) Gunnery Officer ALOGO (Cloth)
Navigating Officer
Anti Submarine Warfare Officer
Signal Communication Officer
Regulating Officer
NBCDO
Shipwright Officer
Diving Officer
WATCH SYSTEM
5. The seaman complement on a ship is normally large. It is divided into Forecastle

(Foxle), Midship and Quarter Deck division. In war, depending on the threat the whole
or a portion of the ships armament must be ready for instant action, to make this
possible the ships company is divided into watches. The systems of watches on a naval
ship are given below:-
(a) Two Watches. In this system the men are equally divided into the two
watches that are Starboard and Port.
(b) Three Watches. In this system men are divided in three watches Red,
White and Blue.
6
(c) Four Watches. In this system men are divided in four watches that are
Port I, Port II, Starboard I, Starboard II.
STATIONS & ROUTINES
6. The ships company is closed up in various stations to meet various requirements

and routine is so run onboard a ship to balance operational requirement and adequate
rest to the crew.
(a) Cruising Station
(b) Defence Station
(c) Action Station
(d) Sea & Action
(e) SSD & Cable Party
(f) Clear Lower Deck
CONCLUSION
7. A ship is a cohesive unit and is organised in such a way that it runs efficiently
both administratively and operationally.
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
Q1. What are the main departments on board a ship?
Q2. Why is Ship’s Compliment divided into Watch system?
Q3. Explain the types of Watch Systems followed on IN Ships.
Q4. What are the types of stations followed during sailing?

7
LESSON PLAN: N -2
MODE OF ENTRY INTO INDIAN NAVY
Periods - Two
Type - Lecture/Movie
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
1. Computer slides, Movies, Projector, Black Board, easel, chalk and duster.
Time Plan
(b) Executive Branch (Permanent Commission) - 20 min
(c) Short service commission - 20 min
(d) Education Branch -15 min
(e) Engineering Electrical Branch -15 min
(f) Sailors Entry - 15 min
(g) Movie, Notes and conclusion - 30 min
INTRODUCTION
3. Like other Armed Forces of the Nations, Indian Navy is a volunteer force. This
lecture gives a detail view of how to join Indian Navy as an Officer or Sailor.
8
ENTRY AS OFFICER IN THE INDIAN NAVY
4. Executive branch
(a) Permanent Commission

Men Age
Sl No Branch/Type Of Entry /Wome Limit Educational Qualification
n (Years)
Cadet Entry (NDA) 10+2 or equivalent with
(i) Men 16 ½ -19
(UPSC) Physics & Math
Cadet Entry (10+2) 10+2 or equivalent with
(ii) Men 16 ½ -19
B.Tech(INA) (UPSC) Physics & Math
Graduate Special Entry, B.Sc. (Physics & Maths) or
(iiii) Men 19 -22
Scheme ,CDSE (UPSC) BE
B.Sc. (Physics & Maths) or
NCC Special Entry
(iv) Men 19 -24 BE with Naval wing.NCC ‘C’
Naval Academy
Certificate
Degree in Electronics/ Elect/
Direct Entry Naval
Mech Engg. Or post
(v) Armament Inspection Men 191/2 -25
Graduate in Electronics or
Cadre
physics.
A Degree in Law qualifying
for enrolment as an
(vi) Direct Entry Law Cadre Men 22-27 advocate under the
Advocates Act 1961 with
minimum 55% marks.
BCom/MCom/MA/
BA(Economics), MBA/ BBA/
BBM,
MCA/ BCA/ B.Sc.(IT), B
(vii) Logistic Cadre Men 191/2 -25 Tech/ BE, Graduate Degree
with post graduate Diploma/
Degree in Material
Management/ICWA or
Chartered Accountancy.
(ix) Musician Men 21-25 Educational Qualification
9
A Bachelor's Degree from

recognized university
(relaxed to Higher
Secondary for applicant
having exceptional
professional ability in music)
Professional Qualification
Ability to play competently at
least one military band
musical instrument, in
addition to the Piano-Forte.
Should possess one of the
following Diplomas or
equivalent:-
LRAM/ARCM/ATCL/
Preferable:-
Experience as a Conductor
of an Orchestra/Band or as a
Teacher of Music
Educational Qualification
Regular Post Graduate
Degree OR BE/B Tech
degree in any field.
Candidates with diploma in
Sports Coaching from
National Instt of Sports and
MSc in Sports (Coaching)
will be given priority for
shortlisting
Sports Qualification
(x) Sports Men 22-2 (a) All sports other than
Yachting/Wing Surfing A
candidate should have
participated in Sr. level
national
championships/games in
following disciplines
Athletics/Cross-
Country/Triathlon/Badminton
/Tennis/Squash/Football/Han
dball/Hockey/Basketball/Voll
eyball/Cricket/Swimmming/D
iving/Water
Polo/Kabaddi/Boxing
10
(b) Short Service Commission
Men Age
Sl Educational
Branch/Type of Entry /Wome Limit
No Qualification
n (Years)
General Service BE/ B Tech in any
(i) Men 191/2 -25
(Executive) Discipline.
General Service (Hydro BE/ B Tech in any
(ii) Men 191/2 -25
Cadre) Discipline.
A Graduate Degree with
minimum 60% marks in
(iiii) Aviation Pilot Men 19-24 any discipline with
Mathematics & Physics at
10+2 level.
AGraduate Degree with
Men/
(iv) Avviation Observer 19 -24 any discipline with
Women
Mathematics & Physics at
10+2 level.
A First class Degree with
any of the followings:-
BCom/ BA(Economics),
MBA/ BBA/ BBM,
Men / MCA/ BCA/ B.Sc.(IT), B
(v) Logistics Cadre 191/2 -25
Women Tech/ BE, Graduate
Degree with post graduate
Diploma/ Degree in
Material
Management/ICWA or
Chartered Accountancy.
Men / A Degree in Law qualifying
(vi) Law Cadre 22-27
Women for enrolment as an
11
advocate under the

Advocates Act 1961 with
minimum 55% marks.
A first class science
graduate with Physics &
Men/
(vii) ATC(Air Traffic Control) 191/2 -25 Maths or Msc with Physics
Women
or Math securing min 55%
marks.
Degree in Electronocs/
Naval Armament Elect/ Mech Engg. Or post
(viii) Men 191/2 -25
Inspection Cadre Graduate in Electronis or
physics.
Final/ Pre Final Year
student of BE/ B Tech in
Mech/ Marine/ Aerospace/
Aeronautical/ Production/
Computer Science/ IT/
(ix) University Entry Scheme Men 19-24 Control/ Electrical/
Electronics/
Telecommunication min
60% marks till VIth
Semester / IVth Semester
respectively.
BE / B Tech (Computer
Science / Computer Engg
(x) SSC(IT) Men 191/2 -25 (IT), BSc (IT), MTech
(Computer Science), MSc
(Computer) BCA/ MCA
12
EDUCATION BRANCH
Age
Sl Men Educational
Branch/Type Of Entry Limit
No /Women Qualification
(Years)
A Masters Degree in
one of the following
with atleast 50%
marks.
(a) Physics (Math in
B.Sc) or
(i) Permanent Commission Men 21-25 (b) Maths (Physics in
B.Sc)
An Engineering Degree
in Mech./ Electrical/
Electronics/ Computer
Science/ IT with
m,inimum 60% marks
Short Service Men/
(ii) 21-25 -----do----
Commission Women
13
ENGINEERING BRANCH (MARINE ENGINEERS)
Age
Sl Men Educational
(Years)
Permanent Commission
10+2 or equivalent with
(i) Cadet Entry (NDA) (UPSC) Men 16 1/2 -19 Physics & Math

Physics,Chem & Maths
(Minimum 75% marks in
(ii) Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech) Men 16 1/2 -19 aggregiate of PCM,
Minimum 50% marks in
English either in 10th or
12th class.
Short Service Commission
A Degree in Marine/
Mech./ Aeronautical/
Direct Entry (Technical
(i) Men 191/2-25 Control/ Mettalurgical/
Branch)
Production Engineer with
minimum 55% marks.
Direct Entry (Submarine B.E(Mechanical) with
(ii) Men 191/2-25
Cadre) minimum 55% marks)
A Degree in Marine/
Mech./ Aeronautical/
University Entry Scheme Metallurgical/ Production
(iii) Men 19-24
(UES) Engineer with minimum
60% marks up to 6th
semester.
14
ENGINEERING BRANCH (NAVAL ARCHITECTS)
Men Age
Ser Educational
Branch/Type of Entry /Wome Limit
No Qualification
n (Years)
Physics, Chem & Maths
17 -19-
(i) Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech) Men aggregate of PCM,
1/2
12th class.
B.E in Mech./
Aeronautical/
Direct Entry (Naval Men/
(i) 21-25 Mettalurgical/ Civil/ Naval
Architecture) Women
Architecture with minimum
60% marks.
Special Naval Architect Entry Men/ B.E(Naval Architect) with
(ii) 19-24
Scheme (SNAES) Women minimum 60% marks)
ELECTRICAL BRANCH
Age
Sl Men Educational
(Years)
16 1/2 -
(i) Cadet Entry (NDA) (UPSC) Men Physics & Math
19
(ii) Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech) Men 17 -19 10+2 or equivalent with

15
Physics, Chem & Maths

aggregate of PCM,
12th class.
A Degree in Electrical/
Electronics/
Direct Entry (Technical Instrumentation & control/
(i) Men 191/2-25
Branch) Telecommunication Engg.
with minimum 55%
marks.
Electronics/
Direct Entry (Submarine
(ii) Men 191/2-25 Telecommunication
Cadre)
control Engg. with
minimum 55% marks.
Electronics/Powers/
Instrumentation & control/
University Entry Scheme Telecommunication/
(iii) Men 19-24
(UES) power system Engg. With
minimum 60% marks up
to VIth / IV th Semester
respectively.
IMPORTANT NOTES
5. Following are important notes :-
(a) Women are eligible to apply for Short Service Commission in Law, ATC,
Observer, and Education& Naval Architecture.
16
(b) The duration of Short Service Commission is 10 years, extended to 14 years.
(c) The training of officers selected through the above entries normally
commences in the months of Jul/ Jan every year. Advertisements calling for
applications from eligible candidates are published in Employment News and
important News papers in Apr to Jun and Sep to Nov every year. The selection
procedure includes UPSC examination (for NDA, 10+2 Cadet Entry and GSES
Scheme), Interview at Service Selection Board and Medical Examination.
(d) University Entry Scheme is applicable for Final Year students only(VII th
semester)
(e) The above information is a broad guideline and is subject to change as

per the induction requirements of Indian Navy.
6. For Recruitment Contact Any Naval Establishment or DMPR at Integrated

Headquarters of Ministry of Defence (NAVY), Sena Bhawan, New Delhi- 110011Tel:
011-2301182 (Officers) & 011-23793067 (Sailors) 011-23010498 (publicity)
www.nausena-bharati.nic.in
ENTRY AS SAILOR
7. The various types of entry of the sailors branch are as follows:-
Age Educational Month of Method of

Entry Branch
(yrs) Qualification Adv. Recruitment
Artificers
Through written
examination in
10+2 or Equivalent
science, Maths,
Electrical/ with Physics,
AA (Artificer 17- Dec & English & GK held
Mech/ Chemistry & Maths
Apprentice) 20 June at
Shipwright with minimum 60%
AROs/ZROs/ASCs/
marks
NREs twice in a
year in Apr/Oct for
17
the courses
commencing in
Aug/Feb.
Three Year
Diploma with
minimum 50% Through written
marks in examination in
Mechanical/ Maths, English, GK
Electrical/ and additional
DE(DH)
Electronics/ section as per
(Direct Electrical/
18- Telecommunicatio specialization
Entry Mech/ Dec/ June
22 n/ Aeronautical/ followed by
Diploma Electronics
Ship-building/ interview. Held twice
Holder)
Instrumentation/ a year in Apr/ Oct
Engineering/ for courses
Mettallurgical from commencing in Aug/
a recognized Feb.
polytechnic/
Institute.
Non
Artificers
Minimum 45%
Seaman/
aggregate marks Through written
Communicati
in 10+2/equivalent examination is
on/Electrical
with compulsory English,GK,Maths
Medical/Engi
SSR(Senior subjects maths & and Scinece held at
neering/Write 17- Dec/Jan &
Secondary Physics with at ZROs/AROs/ASCs/
r/Store 21 June/July
Recruit) least one optional NREs twice a year
Assistant/
subject such as in Apr/Oct for course
Naval
Chemistry or commencing in
Aviation
Biology or Aug/Feb
Sailor
Computer
MR(Matric I-Musicians 17- Matric March/Apr Candidates should
18
Recruit) 21 il have aptitude for

music and
knowledge of at
least one musical
instrument is
mandatory.
Recruitment is
conducted once a
year.
17- Dec & Through written
II-Stewards Matric
21 June examination in
Maths, English, GK
and Science held
twice a year in Apr/
Oct conducted by
17- Dec & the Naval Recruiting
III- Cooks Matric
21 June Establishments for
courses
commencing in Oct/
Apr for both entries.
Through written
examination in
General Awareness
and Arithmetic. Held
NMR(Non- twice a year in Apr/
17- Dec &
Matric Topasses VI Class Oct conducted by
21 June
Recruit) the Naval Recruiting
Establishments for
courses
commencing in Oct/
Apr.
Sports
Entries
Seaman Matric or Recruitment is
Direct Entry 17-
(Acting Petty Equivalent (can be Dec & Jun conducted twice a
(Sports) 21
Officer) relaxed) year in Apr/Oct for
19
Minimum 45% courses

commencing in Aug/
aggregate marks
Feb. Exceptionally
in 10+2/ equivalent outstanding
Seaman/ sportsmen who
with compulsory
SSR comm./ Elect/ have represented
subjects math & international/
(Outstandin eng/ medical/ 17- Dec/Jan & National level may
physics with at
g writer/ store/ 21 June/ July contact or write
least one optional directly to :-
Sportsman) Naval The Secretary,
subject such as
Aviation Indian Naval
Chemistry or Sports
Control Board,
Biology or
Integrated
Computer. Headquarters of
Ministry of
MR Defence (Navy)
Room
(Outstandin Steward/ 17- Dec & No.8,’C’Wing,
Matric
g Cook 21 June Sena Bhawan, New
Delhi- 110011
Sportsman) Tel.: 23010562
8. Note:
(a) The above information is a broad guideline and is subject to change as per
the induction requirement of the Indian Navy.
(b) All the Advertisements are published in Employment News and National/
Regional/ Leading News Papers.
(c) Minimum %age of marks, for each entry is promulgated through

advertisements for particular batch & may differ from the % age mentioned
above.
For further Details and Information, Contact or write to:

The Joint Director, Manpower planning and Recruitment (NRO)
Integrated Headquarters of Ministry of Defence (NAVY),
Sena Bhawan, New Delhi- 110011
Tel: 011-23793067 (Sailors) www.nausena-bharati.nic.in
20
CONCLUSION
9. The Indian Navy is employing cutting edge technology in administration &is

operating in a dynamic environment. The recruitment into the Navy is based on
selection through merit and calls for bright youth to join this finest service and serve the
Nation. It also provides good pay and perks, housing, childrens education and hospital
facilities to its service personnel.
(This lecture needs to be supplemented by movies produced by DMPR/ IHQ/

MoD(Navy) periodically for better assimilation by cadets)
Comprehension Questions.
Q1. What are the 10+2 entries of joining the navy as a commissioned officer?
Q2. Which are the branches open to women candidates?
Q3. What is a Graduate Special Entry Scheme?
Q4. What are the entries for sailors?

21
LESSON PLAN N - 3
BRANCHES OF THE NAVY AND THEIR FUNCTION
Period - One
Type - Lecture
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Executive Department -10 min
(c) Engineering and Electrical -10 min
(d) Logistics, Education and Medical Departments - 10 min
(e) Misc Departments and Conclusion - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Indian Navy has the following branches :-

(a) Executive branch (d) Logistics branch
(b) Engineering branch (e) Education branch
(c) Electrical branch (f) Medical branch
22
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
2. The primary function of this department is to keep the ship in top fighting
efficiency. Maintenance of ship’s discipline is also the responsibility of this department.
The executive department is headed by an officer from the executive branch and he is
called Executive Officer. On big ship’s he is also known as Ship’s Commander. He is
also called Second in Command, and in the absence of the Commanding Officer, he is
in charge of the ship. This department is further divided into following 06 sub branches:-
(a) Gunnery (b) ASW (c) Navigation
(d) Communication (e) Regulating (f) NBCD
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
3. The primary responsibility of this department is to maintain the propulsion system

of the ship and provide propulsion power to the ship as directed by the Commanding
Officer. It is also provides assistance to ships NBCD in countering the damage. The
HOD of this department is called Engineer Officer(EO).
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
4. The ship needs electrical supply for domestic purpose i.e cooking, fans, AC,
lighting and for operating weapon systems and sensors. This department is responsible
for electrical power generation and electrical power supply to the ship borne weapon
systems and sensors. The HOD of this department is called the Electrical Officer(LO).
LOGISTICS DEPARTMENT
5. The logistics department is responsible to feed the ships company, provide

them clothes, looks after their Pay and Allowances, provides spares and stores to
Engineering, Electrical and Executive department for effecting repairs/replacement. The
HOD of this department is called Logistics Officer (LOGO).
23
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
6. Medical Department. The primary responsibility of this department is to look

after the health of the ships company. A qualified Medical Officer(MO) is posted
onboard a ship for this purpose.
7. Education Branch. This department consists of officers of Education Branch,

Civilians Instructors and a few sailors. These instructors look after class room
instruction and examination of academic subjects. They also look after extracurricular
activities, take classes for ETI and HET exams and conduct examinations for sailor.
This department is headed by Senior Education Officer (SEDO).
8. Flight.Some ships have air element like helicopter onboard. Such ships have a
separate department called ships Flight. This department is headed by a Flight
Commander from the Aviation Branch.
9. Diving. Certain ships have complements of divers to undertake emergency

diving operation both at harbour and sea to meet unforeseen requirements.
10. Conclusion. The branches of the Navy are for efficient running of departments
when the Officers and Sailors of a particular branch are specially trained to discharge
multifarious jobs that they are called upon to perform during their service career.
Q1. What are the Branches of the navy?
Q2. Explain the functions of each department of a ship in 15 words each.

24
LESSON PLAN N-4
ROLE OF NAVY IN INDO PAK WAR-1971 & KARGIL WAR
Period - One
Type - Lecture/Videos
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Naval Operations in Arabian Sea -10 min
(c) Naval Operations in Bay of Bengal -10 min
(d) Kargil War and Navy’s role - 10 min
(e) Conclusion -5 min
INTRODUCTION
1. The Indo Pak War of 1971 was brought about by the flawed inner dynamics of
the Pakistani system of governance where in the Bengalis of the East Pakistan were not
dealt with according to democratic norms. Even when ballot gave them overwhelming
majority, they were refused their rights by the Pakistani Government, that lead to
Mujibur Rahman declaring Bangladesh an independent country on 25 Mar 1971.
25
NAVAL OPERATIONS IN ARABIAN SEA
2. The situation in the Arabian Sea was altogether different. The Submarine,
surface and air threats were higher and assessment of threats were little confusing.
3. Missile Boat Attack. The first missile boat attack on Karachi, launched from
Saurashtra (Okha) along the coast, was a success. It sank a Pakistani destroyer and a
coastal minesweeper. The Indian Fleet planned its next attack for night 8/9 December.
To divert attention from missile attack on Karachi, they had also planned a diversionary
attack on Jiwani (Makran Coast). The bombardment group, under the Cruiser Mysore,
apprehended Pakistani Merchant Ship ‘Madhumati’ south of Jiwani after she had
transmitted an SOS to Karachi. After Madhumati was boarded Commander called off
gun bombardment of Jiwani as SOS was good enough distraction for the missile boats
to go through the attack on Karachi. Once again this second strike was also successful.
A missile, set Karachi fuel storage tanks aflame and another hit Dhaka, the Pakistani
Navy’s tanker, at the anchorage. These two missile attack on Karachi achieved
Western Fleet dominance of sea approaches to Karachi.
4. Sinking of INS Khukri. A submarine was reliably detected off Mumbai. On 8th
December two frigates Khukri and Kirpan, were sailed from Mumbai to ‘Flush’ this
submarine away from the Saurashtra coast where ships were assembling for the next
missile attack on Karachi. On the evening of 9th December, the Pakistani submarine
Hangor successfully torpedoed and sank Khukri. A sustained anti-submarine operation
over the next four days was unable to prevent the Hangor’s return to Karachi.
NAVAL OPERATIONS IN BAY OF BENGAL
5. In the Bay of Bengal there was no surface threat. At the very beginning of the
war, the submarine threat vanished after Pakistani Submarine Ghazi was sunk at the
entrance to Visakhapatnam Harbour whilst patrolling. There was no air threat after
Indian Air Force attacks grounded aircraft in East Pakistan. Carrier borne Air Craft
avoided attacking neutral Merchant Shipping at Sea. They concentrated on immobilising
Pakistani vessels and damaged all Air Strips, which Pakistani Forces in East Pakistan
could use to escape capture. Ships of Eastern Fleet enforced sea control and carried
26
out amphibious landing to cut off escape routes into Burma. Pakistan’s Forces in the
East laid down their arms after thirteen days of war and a new Nation Bangladesh came
into being.
6. Lesson Learnt. The war ended on 17th December when Pakistan accepted
India’s offer of cease-fire. While Indian Navy gave a good account of itself, following
lessons were learnt and post war action was taken to address these issues:-
(a) Innovation and Exercise. Missile boat attack carried out by Indian Navy
by towing them near the vicinity of target was a plus point of improvisation.
(b) Submarine is a dangerous enemy in typical hydrological condition where it

is difficult to detect and requires attack from air, surface and underwater –all
three directions.
(c) Large calibre gun engagement between warships not likely. Anti ship
missile would dominate future war at sea.
KARGIL WAR
7. Introduction. During 1999 Kargil War, the Western and Eastern Fleets were
deployed in the Northern Arabian Sea, as part of the Operation Talwar. They safe
guarded Indian Maritime assets from a Potential Pakistani Naval Attack as also deterred
Pakistan from attempting to block India’s sea-trade routes. The Indian Navy’s aviators
flew sorties and marine commandos fought alongside Indian Army personnel in the
Himalayas.
8. Initial Phase. The 1999 Kargil War took place between May 8, when Pakistani
forces and Kashmiri militants were detected atop the Kargil ridges and July 14 when
both sides had essentially ceased their military operations. It is believed that the
planning for the operation by Pakistan may have occurred about as early as the autumn
of 1998. The spring and summer incursion of Pakistan-backed armed forces into
territory on the Indian side of the Line Of Control (LOC) around Kargil in the state of
Jammu and Kashmir and the Indian military campaign to repel the intrusion left 524
Indian soldiers dead and 1,363 wounded.
27
9. Later Phase. By 30 June 1999 Indian forces were prepared for a major high-
altitude offensive against Pakistani posts along the border in the disputed Kashmir
region. Over the previous six weeks India had moved five infantry divisions, five
independent brigades and 44 battalions of paramilitary troops to Kashmir. The total
Indian troop strength in the region had reached 730,000. The build-up included the
deployment of around 60 frontline aircraft. The Pakistani effort to take Kargil occurred
after the February 1999 Lahore summit between then Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz
Sharif and the Indian Prime Minister Atal Bahari Vajpayee. This conference was
believed to have de-escalated the tensions that had existed since May 1998. The
major motive behind the operation was to help in internationalizing the Kashmir issue,
and for which global attention had been flagging for some time. The intrusion plan was
the brainchild of Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff, Gen Pervez Musharraf and Lt Gen
Mohammed Aziz, the Chief of General Staff. They obtained only an 'in principle'
concurrence, without any specifics, from Nawaz Sharif, the Pakistani Prime Minister.
NAVAL ASPECTS OF KARGIL WAR
10. While the Army and the Air Force prepared themselves for the battle on the
heights of Kargil, Indian Navy began to draw out its plans. Unlike the earlier wars with
Pakistan, this time the bringing in of the Navy at the early stages of the conflict served
to hasten the end of the conflict in India's favor.
11. Strategy. In drawing up its strategy, the Navy was clear that a reply to the
Pakistani misadventure had to be two-pronged. While ensuring safety and security of
Indian maritime assets from a possible surprise attack by Pakistan, the Indian
imperative was that all efforts must be made to deter Pakistan from escalating the
conflict into a high scale war. Thus, the Indian Navy was put on a high alert from May
20 onwards, a few days prior to the launch of the Indian retaliatory offensive. Naval
and Coast Guard aircraft were put on a continuous surveillance and the units readied
up for meeting any challenge at sea.
12. Operation Talwar. Time had now come to put pressure on Pakistan, to ensure
that the right message went down to the masterminds in that country. Strike elements
from the Eastern Fleet were sailed from Visakhapatnam on the East Coast to take part
28
in a major naval exercise called 'SUMMEREX' in the North Arabian Sea. This was
envisaged as the largest ever amassing of naval ships in the region. The message had
been driven home. Pakistan Navy, in a defensive mood, directed all its units to keep
clear of Indian naval ships. As the exercise shifted closer to the Makaran Coast,
Pakistan moved all its major combatants out of Karachi. It also shifted its focus to
escorting its oil trade from the Gulf in anticipation of attacks by Indian ships.
13. As the retaliation from the Indian Army and the Air Force gathered momentum
and a defeat to Pakistan seemed a close possibility, an outbreak of hostilities became
imminent. Thus, the naval focus now shifted to the Gulf of Oman. Rapid reaction
missile carrying units and ships from the fleet were deployed in the North Arabian Sea
for carrying out missile firing, anti-submarine and electronic warfare exercises. The
Navy also readied itself for implementing a blockade of the Pakistani ports, should the
need arise. In addition, Naval amphibious forces from the Andaman group of islands
were moved to the western sea-board.
CONCLUSION
14. In a skillful use of Naval power in the form of 'Operation Talwar', the Eastern
Fleet joined the Western Naval Fleet and blocked the Arabian Sea routes of Pakistan.
Apart from a deterrent, the former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharief later disclosed that
Pakistan was left with just six days of fuel (POL) to sustain itself if a full-fledged war
broke out.
Q1. Describe in 50 words role of Indian Navy in Indo Pak war of 1971.
Q2. What were the operations carried out by the IN in the Arabian Sea during Indo
pak war of 1971?
Q3. Explain the Missile Attack on Karachi by the IN during 1971 Indo Pak war.
Q4. What operations were carried out by the IN in the bay of Bengal during 1971 Indo
Pak war?
Q5. Describe in 175 words the naval aspects of Kargil war termed as Operation
Talwar.
29
LESSON PLAN N -5
NAVAL CAMPAIGN (PEARL HARBOUR, FALKLAND WAR,

BATTLE OF ATLANTIC/ FLEET PFR, IFR)
Period - One
Type - Lecture
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Pearl Harbour -10 min
(c) Falklands War -10 min
(d) Battle of Atlantic - 10 min
(e) PFR, IFR and maritime shows - 05 min
(e) Conclusion - 02 min

30
INTRODUCTION
1. During First and Second World War, there were many Naval Campaigns which
turned the tide of war and considered to be the turning points. Let us look at some of
the famous naval battles.
PEARL HARBOUR
2. The Battle of Pearl Harbour was a surprise military strike conducted by

the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbour,
Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan). The attack was
intended as a preemptive action in order to keep the U.S. Pacific Fleet from interfering
with military actions the Empire of Japan was planning in Southeast Asia against
overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States.
3. The base was attacked by 353 Japanese fighters, bombers and torpedo planes
in two waves, launched from six aircraft carriers. All eight U.S. Navy battleships were
damaged, with four being sunk. Of these eight damaged, two were raised, and with four
repaired, six battleships returned to service later in the war. The Japanese also sank or
damaged three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-aircraft training ship and
one minelayer. 188 U.S. aircraft were destroyed; 2,402 Americans were killed and 1,282
wounded. Important base installations such as the power station, shipyard,
maintenance, and fuel and torpedo storage facilities, as well as the submarine piers and
headquarters building (also home of the intelligence section) were not attacked.
Japanese losses were light: 29 aircraft and five midget submarines lost, and 65
servicemen killed or wounded. One Japanese sailor was captured.
4. The attack came as a profound shock to the American people and led directly to
the American entry into World War II in both the Pacific and European theaters. The
following day (December 8), the United States declared war on Japan. Domestic
support for non-interventionism, which had been strong, disappeared. Clandestine
support of Britain (for example the Neutrality Patrol) was replaced by active alliance.
Subsequent operations by the U.S. prompted Germany and Italy to declare war on the
U.S. on December 11, which was reciprocated by the US the same day. There were
numerous historical precedents for unannounced military action by Japan. However, the
lack of any formal warning, particularly while negotiations were still apparently ongoing,
31
led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to proclaim December 7, 1941, "a date which will
live in infamy". Thus, Japan had achieved total “Surprise” by attacking Pearl Harbour.
(Show Movie)
FALKLANDS WAR
5. The Falklands War (Spanish: Guerra de las Malvinas or Guerra del Atlántico
Sur), also known as the Falklands Conflict or Falklands Crisis, was a 1982 war
between Argentina and the United Kingdom. The conflict resulted from the long-
standing dispute over the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and
the South Sandwich Islands, which lie in the South Atlantic, east of Argentina.
6. The Falklands War began on Friday 2 April 1982, when Argentine forces invaded
and occupied the Falkland Islands and South Georgia. The British government
dispatched a naval task force to engage the Argentine Navy and Air Force, and retake
the islands by amphibious assault. The resulting conflict lasted 74 days and ended with
the Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982, which returned the islands to British control.
During the conflict, 649 Argentine military personnel, 255 British military personnel and
3 Falkland Islanders died.
7. The conflict was the result of a protracted historical confrontation regarding the
sovereignty of the islands. Argentina has asserted that the Falkland Islands have been
Argentinian territory since the 19th century and till to date and showed no sign of
relinquishing the claim. The claim was added to the Argentine constitution after its
reformation in 1994. As such, the Argentine government characterised their initial
invasion as the re-occupation of their own territory, whilst the British government saw it
as an invasion of a British dependent territory. However, neither state officially declared
war and hostilities were almost exclusively limited to the territories under dispute and
the local area of the South Atlantic.
8. The conflict had a strong impact in both countries. Patriotic sentiment ran high in
Argentina, but the outcome prompted large protests against the ruling military
government, which hastened its downfall. In the United Kingdom, Prime
Minister Margaret Thatcher's government was bolstered by the successful outcome.
Relations between the United Kingdom and Argentina were restored in 1989 following a
32
meeting in Madrid, at which the two Governments issued a joint statement. (Show
Movie Clip)
BATTLE OF ATLANTIC
9. The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign in World
War II, running from 1939 to the defeat of Germany in 1945. At its core was the Allied
naval blockade of Germany, announced the day after the declaration of war, and
Germany's subsequent counter-blockade. It was at its height from mid-1940 through to
the end of 1943. The Battle of the Atlantic pitted U-boats and other warships of
the Kriegsmarine (German Navy) and aircraft of the Luftwaffe (German Air Force)
against Allied merchant shipping. The convoys, coming mainly from North America and
mainly going to the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, were protected for the most
part by the British and Canadian navies and air forces. These forces were aided by
ships and aircraft of the United States from September 13, 1941. The Germans were
joined by submarines of the Italian Royal Navy (Regia Marina) after
their Axis ally Italy entered the war on June 10, 1940.
10. As an island nation, the United Kingdom was highly dependent on imported
goods. Britain required more than a million tons of imported material per week in order
to be able to survive and fight. In essence, the Battle of the Atlantic was atonnage war:
The Allied struggle to supply Britain and the Axis attempt to stem the flow of merchant
shipping which enabled Britain to keep fighting. From 1942 onwards, the Germans also
sought to prevent the build-up of Allied supplies and equipment in the British Isles in
preparation for the invasion of occupied Europe. The defeat of the U-boat threat was a
pre-requisite for pushing back the Germans. Winston Churchill was later to state:
11. The Battle of the Atlantic was the dominating factor all through the war. Never for
one moment could we forget that everything happening elsewhere, on land, at sea or in
the air depended ultimately on its outcome. The outcome of the battle was a strategic
victory for the Allies—the German blockade failed—but at great cost: 3,500 merchant
ships and 175 warships were sunk for the loss of 783 U-boats.
12. The name ‘Battle of the Atlantic’ was coined by Winston Churchill in February
1941. It has been called the "longest, largest, and most complex" naval battle in
history. The campaign began immediately after the European war began and lasted six
33
years. It involved thousands of ships in more than 100 convoy battles and perhaps
1,000 single-ship encounters, in a theatre covering thousands of square miles of ocean.
The situation changed constantly, with one side or the other gaining advantage, as new
weapons, tactics, counter-measures, and equipment were developed by both sides. The
Allies gradually gained the upper hand, overcoming German surface raiders by the end
of 1942 and defeating the U-boats by mid-1943, though losses to U-boats continued to
war's end. (Show Slides)
MARITIME SHOWS,PFR,IFR
13. President Fleet Review (PFR). The President of India is entitled to inspect
his/her fleet, as he/she is the supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The first
President's Fleet Review by India was hosted by Dr. Rajendra Prasad on 10 October
1953. President's reviews usually take place once in the President's term. In all, ten
Fleet Reviews have taken place, including in February 2006, when former President
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam took the review. The last PFR was held on 20 December 2011,
when President Smt Pratibha Patil set sail in a warship INS Subhadra to take the 10th
Fleet Review.
14. Maritime Show. The Presidents Review is an impressive ceremony, second

only to the Republic Day Parade. Naval ships and ships from maritime organisations
like the Coast Guard, the Merchant Navy, the National Institute of Oceanography, the
Oil and Natural Gas Commission, Training Ship Rajendra and Naval Yard Craft are
anchored precisely in neat lines and dressed overall. Thus, all stake holders in the
maritime domain gather representing a total Maritime Show.
15. The President embarks in a naval ship nominated as the President Yacht,
which files the President’s Colours. After receiving a 21-gun salute, the President
reviews the Fleet by cruising past each line of Ships. Each ship’s side is manned by her
ship’s company in white ceremonial uniform. As the President passes by, each Ships’
company, in unison take off their caps in salutation and give three resounding ‘Jais’.
The fixed and rotary wings a/c squadrons also fly pass and carry out aerial aerobatics in
the sky.
34
16. At sunset, all ships at the anchorage participate in a fireworks display. As

darkness descends, all ships, in unison, switch on their garlands of lights, which
accentuate their silhouettes.
17. No Fleet Review was held for President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy during his
tenure from 25 Jul 1977 to 24 Jul 1982.
18. International Fleet Review (IFR). The Indian Navy also conducted the first
International fleet review named Bridges of Friendship in February 2001 in Mumbai.
Many ships of friendly Navies from all around the world participated, including two from
the U.S. Navy. The aim of IFR is to showcase India’s Maritime assets and naval power
in the international arena. The recent International fleet Review was held in Feb 2016 at
Vishakhapattanam where President Shre Pranab Mukherjee reviewed the IFR.
CONCLUSION
19. Study of Naval Battles reveals that strategy and tactics have to be supported by
logistics as the arena is vast. Navies have to be supported across oceans and for long
periods of time. Also, real time communication is of extreme importance. Fleet is
reviewed by the President, who is the supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, once
in his/her tenure.
Q1. What is the significance of Pearl Harbour attack by Japan in World War II?
Q2. Enumerate the losses suffered by US Navy in the Pearl Harbour attack?
Q3. What is the significance of Falkland Islands for British and Argentina?
Q4. List the losses suffered by British and Argentina in the Falklands war.
Q5. Describe Battle of Atlantic.
Q6. What happens during the Presidents Fleet Review?
Q7. What is achieved through a International Fleet Review?
Q8. When was last IFR held in India?

35
CHAPTER-II
NAVAL WARFARE AND ITS
COMPONENTS (NW)
36
LESSON PLAN N-1
ROLE OF AVIATION - NAVAL AIRCRAFT & HELICOPTERS
Period - One
Type - Lecture/Pictures
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
2. (a) Introduction -05 min
(b) Role of Naval aviation -10 min
(c) Various types of Aircraft - 05 min
(d) Fixed wing - 10 min
(e) Rotary & UAV - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Indian Navy operates as a three dimensional navy with a responsibility to keep

our maritime areas of interest safe and secure from underwater, surface and aerial
threats. Naval aviation is one of the three dimensions responsible for keeping our
national assets safe from air threat.
37
ROLE OF NAVAL AVIATION
2. Induction of air element in naval warfare has enhanced the reach of our forces to
counter threat at longer ranges away from our coast. One of the primary role is to
maintain surveillance at all times. Aerial surveillance is the fastest means with extended
coverage which is achieved with LRMP aircraft. These aircraft can also carry out attack
on surface, ships or submarines when detected. The fighter aircraft which operate from
the aircraft carrier prevents strike by hostile aircraft on our surface ships or coastal
assets. Helicopters embark on other ships of the fleet also support the fleet against
submarines which are a threat to the fleet at sea and also enemy surface ships
operating beyond the detection ranges of our ships.
TYPES OF AIRCRAFT
3. There are three types of aircraft in the navy:-
(a) Fixed Wing Aircraft Includes long and medium range maritime
patrol aircraft, fighters and trainers.
(i) LRMP – IL 38 , and P8 I (a variant of P8A,US Navy). Their

role include long range maritime reconnaissance, search and rescue,
training, transportation, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface
warfare (ASUW), and shipping interdiction, along with an early warning
self-protection (EWSP) ability etc,.
(ii) MRMP – Dornier. Its role include maritime reconnaissance, search

and rescue, training, transportation etc.
(iii) Fighters MIG 29K. Their role include offensive combat,

interdiction, recce, attack etc.
(iv) Trainer Kiran, AJT Hawk trainer Used for training the new
pilots.
38
TU 142M
(b) Rotary Wing Aircraft Are helicopters based on surface ships. They
include: -
(i) Sea King & UH3H Used for anti-ship, anti-surface and
commando drop purposes.
(ii) Kamov Used for anti submarineand early warning and

electronic surveillance.
(iii) HAL Dhruv & Chetak Used in anti submarine, search and
rescue and VIP transport roles.
(c) Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are pilotless aircraft fully
controlled from a base and is used mainly for surveillance. They are: -
(i) Searcher
(ii) Heron
39
SEARCHER
CONCLUSION
4. The war at sea is complex and involves several units by way of ships,
submarines and aircraft. Hence ships operating at sea have to be fully prepared to
counter all these threats. One of the most effective resources is the presence of aircraft
and helicopters at sea from ship based on the aircraft carrier and surface ships which
can be launched at short notice and can cover extensive ranges over the sea to detect
threats and also neutralize them.
Q1. What is the significance of Naval Aviation arm in the Indian Navy?
Q2. List out the different types of aircraft in the Indian Navy.
40
LESSON PLAN-N2
TYPES OF SUBMARINES AND ITS ROLE - ASW WEAPON AND SENSORS
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Buoyancy and Floatation -05 min
(c) Types of Submarines - 05 min
(d) Role, Advantages & Disadvantages - 10 min
(e) Weapons and Sensors - 10 min
INTRODUCTION
1. It was Leonardo Da Vinci who conceived the idea of a submersible. This was
recorded in 1864 during the American civil war. Since then, the development of
submarine as a weapon of war has been unique in the annals of Naval warfare.
India has a large submarine fleet which can be deployed in offensive role to attack
enemy warships and merchant shipping and to safeguard our assets.
41
BUOYANCY AND FLOATATION
2. A Submarine consists of a tubular hull, called a pressure hull. In order to float

and stabilize this huge metal structure, the submarine is fitted with main ballast tanks.
These are external to the pressure hull, and when on the surface are full of air to give
the submarine a positive buoyancy. The tanks are opened to the sea at the bottom
through small circular openings which result in flooding. To dive a submarine, the main
vents are opened to allow air to escape and with it the sea water. (This essentially trims
the submarines ‘by the bow’.) This reduces the buoyancy, inducing neutral buoyancy
causing the submarine to dive. Similarly if diving stations, are ‘piped’, a number of them
moving aft from living quarters to the control room) water is pumped from aft to forward
to maintain the trim.
TYPES OF SUBMARINE
3. There are two types of submarine these are:-
(a) Conventional Submarines. These are propelled by diesel engines or

electric motors. The diesel engine is used to propel the submarine and charge its
batteries, when the submarine is at the surface or on ‘snort’ (at periscope
depth). The electric motor is used to propel the submarine when it is dived. The
conventional submarine usually has a displacement between 5000 to 6000
tonnes. Their role include offensive patrol, maritime reconnaissance, intelligence
gathering, sea control and sea denial, attack on enemy assets etc.
42
List of conventional submarines in active service include following: -

Ser Class of Submarine Name of Submarine
(i) Sindhughosh INS Sindhughosh
INS Sindhudhvaj
INS Sindhuraj
INS Sindhuvir
INS Sindhuratna
INS Sindhukesari
INS Sindhukirti
INS Sindhuvijay
INS Sindhurashtra
(ii) Shishumar INS Shishumar
INS Shankush
INS Shalki
INS Shankul
(b) Nuclear Submarines: These are powered by nuclear reactors and

therefore remain underwater for longer duration. They are also capable of higher
speeds than conventional submarine. They usually carry strategic weapons like
submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM), with nuclear warheads. The nuclear
submarine has much larger displacement than conventional Submarines. They
can maintain submerged operating speed of 20 knots or more. Nuclear
submarines presently in active service include following: -
Ser Class of Name of Submarine Remarks

Submarine
(i) Arihant INS Arihant Ballistic Missile
Submarine (SSBN)
(ii) Chakra (Akula II) INS Chakra Attack Submarine
(SSN)
43
SPECIAL PURPOSE SUBMARINES
4. The special purpose type submarines are as follows:-
(a) Coastal or Snort Submarine. These Submarines have characteristics

similar to those of the World War -II U-Boats but are of small size(usually 350 to
700 tonnes) and with limited endurance.
(b) Midgets. Midgets are very small submarines which carry a small crew of
five or six men in a pressure hull. They have endurance at sea of 5 – 7 days.
However, full operation efficiency is unlikely to be maintained for longer than 48
hours and submerged endurance is limited.
(c) Pigmies or Chariots. These are small crafts without a pressure hull, and are
propelled by electric motors, and their batteries can be only recharged from
ashore / a submarine tender ship.
ROLE, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

44
5. Advantages of Submarine
(a) Conventional Submarine.
(i) Conventional Submarines can operate in shallow water.
(ii) Are difficult to detect as they are small in size.
(iv) Economically cheaper.
(v) No radiation effect.
(b) Nuclear Submarine.
(i) It can remain dived for longer period.
(ii) More endurance.
(iii) More speed and accuracy.
6. Disadvantages of Submarine
(a) Conventional Submarine.
(i) Less Endurance.
(ii) Less Speed.
(iii) Has to surface for battery charging.
(iv) Can’t carry nuclear weapon with war head.
(b) Nuclear Submarine.
(i) Higher noise radiation.
(ii) Expensive.
(iii) Cannot be used as small unit.
(iv) Cannot be deployed in shallow waters.
7. Role of Submarines.
(a) Deterrence to enemy shipping.
(b) Clandestine Operations in support of small units.
(c) Reconnaissance including photography of enemy ports and survey of
beaches.
(d) Landing and recovery of agents and Saboteurs.
(e) Mine Laying.
(f) Launching strategic missiles.
45
SENSORS AND WEAPONS
8. The various sensors are as follows:-
(a) Periscope. Submarines are usually fitted with two periscopes. The larger
one is used for reconnaissance and aerial search, and the smaller one for visual
confirmation of a target, prior torpedo launch. The periscope is used for
observation as well as for detection. If targets approximate bearing is known a
check observation can be made in few seconds. A careful examination of the
horizon takes considerable time and is usually conducted by sector searches. On
a clear day, the submarine can sight a convoy at a range of 10 miles, escorting
ships at about 7 miles, aircrafts at 8-9 miles.
PERISCOPE
(b) Radar. Most submarines are fitted with surface search and air search
radar, one or both can be used when submerged at periscope depth. Some
submarines have fire control radar antenna fitted to the search periscope. The
range of detection by surface search radar is limited by its low height above the
sea level.
46
(c) Sonar. Most submarines are fitted with an array type of sonar which
provides a purely passive method of long range detection of noises of suitable
intensity and frequency. Under ideal conditions the range may be greater than
average value of 15 to 30 nautical miles.
(d) Wireless/EW Equipment. Submarines are fitted with suitable

communication equipments for communication with surface ships and bases
ashore. Submarines can receive VLF transmission on very low frequencies with
their aerial 30 feet below the surface, even when operating as much as 3000
nautical miles of transmitting station.
(e) Bathy Thermograph. Submarines are provided with sound velocity
recorder to asses estimated sonar range, shadow zones and best operating
depths.
9. Weapons of Submarines.
(a) Torpedoes. Submarines have always been designed to carry a large

number of torpedoes tubes. A tube assembly is accommodated in the
submarines fore and aft ends. The tubes are arranged parallel to each other and
discharged by ‘swim out’. The submarines may carry either passive/active/wire
guided torpedoes. The following types of torpedoes are carried by submarines.
(i) Passive.
(ii) Active.
(iii) Wake homing torpedoes.
(iv) Wire Guided.
47
(b) Missiles. Some submarines are capable of firing tactical/cruise missiles.

To permit launching without surfacing these missiles need to be of ballistic
types. Some of the IN submarines have the capability of launching KLUB
missiles.
(c) Mine. Submarines are capable of carrying and launching mines through
the torpedo tubes. Since the torpedo being an important defensive weapon the
submarines rarely proceed on operations with full load of mines at the expense of
its torpedo carrying capacity. IN submarines are capable of laying MR 80, MRP,
PBGM and PBEM mines.
10. Sources to Detect Enemy Submarine at Sea.
(a) Sonar.
(b) Radar.
(c) EW Interception.
(d) Aircraft.
(e) Visual Lookout.
48
(f) Visual sighting of Submarine or its periscope by merchant ships and

fishing craft.
11. Endurance of Submarine. The endurance at Sea depends on several factors.

Some of these are:-
(a) Fuel Carrying capacity.
(b) Distance from Base (Time on Patrol).
(c) Weather Conditions.
(d) Snorting Time.
(e) Time on Surface.
(f) Time out of Dock.
(g) Speeds Used (when submerged)
CONCLUSION
12. Submarines are very versatile platforms which use the principle of stealth to
penetrate deep into enemy waters and carry out reconnaissance or offensive action
against enemy shipping. They are fitted with weapons and sensors for detection and
engagement. Conventional submarines are limited in their operations as they have to
charge batteries whilst snorting and can be detected by ships or aircrafts.
Q1. List out the difference between a conventional and nuclear submarine?
Q2. Enumerate the various sensors onboard submarines.
Q3. What are the sources available to detect enemy submarines at sea?
Q4. List the factors that submarines depend for endurance at sea.
49
CHAPTER-III
NAVAL COMMUNICATION
50
LESSON PLAN -1
SEMAPHORE
Period - One
Type - Lecture/Pictures/Demonstration
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Semaphore, Alphabets & Signs -10 min
(c) Prosigns - 05 min
(d) Morse Code - 10 min
(e) Practicals - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Semaphore is a visual means of communication which provides a rapid means

for passing messages over short distances during daylight.
51
SEMAPHORE
2. The different semaphore signs are made by moving one or two hand flags so that
they form various angles with the perpendicular. It is essential that each angle be
formed correctly, as good communication depends upon accuracy in this respect
ALPHABET AND SPECIAL SIGNS
3. The alphabet and the special signs used are shown below. It should be noted
that there are no special signs for numerals, which are always spelt out. The numeral
sign is used to indicate that the numerals that follow are to be recorded as digits.
(a) Answering Sign : By making ‘C’

(b) Attention Sign : By making ‘U’ and arms waved up and down
(c) Direction Sign : By making ‘J’
(d) Front Sign : Made by crossing both flags infront of body (to
indicate the end of group or word)
(e) Error sign : Made by succession of E’s
(f) Numerical Sign : Right hand at ‘D’ position, left hand at ‘E’
Position (Numerals follows)
PROSIGNS USED IN SEMAPHORE
4. Prosign is a single letter or a combination of letters which are transmitted as a

single character to convey a specific meaning. Some prosigns which are used in
Semaphore and their use are given below:
BT - Break MIM - Comma

KN - (Open Brackets KK -) Close Brackets
AAA – Full Stop XE - Slant
DU - Hyphen B - More to follow
C - Correct WA - Word After
WB - Word before AR - End of transmission
52
II - Seperative Sign AS - Wait
5. Learning Semaphore. How to Remember
1st Circle : A to G (Single arm signs)

2nd Circle : H to N (omitting J, Right hand at A position)
3rd Circle : O to S (Rt hand at B Position)
th
4 Circle : T,U,Y (Rt hand at C position)
5th Circle : J,V (Right hand at D position)
To complete : W,X,Z
Semaphore Alphabets
6. Morsecode
53
CONC
CLUSION
7. A cadets should
All s be trained
t in Semaphore
e skills which is high
hly essentia
al on
board sh
hips to com
mmunicate with other ships at se
ea. Semaph
hore is the most impo
ortant
ndian Naval Communication. It will
skill in In w develop a good sen
nse of concentration.
54
55
CHAPTER-IV
NAVIGATION
56
LESSON PLAN-N1
ELECTRONIC AIDS FOR NAVGATION
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) RADAR -10 min
(c) RACON - 10 min
(d) Other AIDS - 10 min
(e) GPS - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. The ancient Navigator had to rely on visual lookouts to aid his passage by
hailing presence of land or other objects. Today’s Navigator has a lot of electronic
aids which help him in finding his position as well as the surroundings, even in
conditions of low visibility.
57
RADAR
2. Radio Aided Direction and ranging i.e. with the help of radio waves, the direction
and range of objects are obtained. The radar plays a very important role in Navigation
and Directions.
3. Three types of Radars used in Navy.

(a) Air warning Radar to detect approaching enemy aircrafts.
(b) Radar to detect surface crafts and ships
(c) Radar used for navigation, for controlling Guns, missiles and helicopters
RACON
4. Radar responders, or radar transponder beacons, are receiver/ transmitter

transponder devices used as a navigation aid, identifying landmarks or buoys on a ship
board marine radar display. A RACON responds to a received radar pulse by
transmitting an identifiable mark back to the radar set. The displayed responds has a
length on the radar display corresponding to a few nautical miles, encoded as a Morse
character beginning with a dash for identification.
OTHER AIDS
5. RAMARKS are radar beacons, which transmit independently without having to

be triggered by the ships RADAR. A RAMARK response on a radar display gives no
indication of distance, but instead extends from the ships position to the circumference
of the display. Various types of Navigational aids are as follows:-
(a) Log: - It is used for calculating the speed and distance travelled through
water.
(b) Echo Sounder: -It is an instrument by which depth of the water can be
measured below the keel of the ship. This helps us to prevent the ship from
grounding.
58
(c ) Anemometer: - It is used to find the relative wind speed at sea. The

modern anemometer gives both relative and true wind speed.
GPS
6. Global positioning system (GPS) is one of the most important modern

Navigational Aid. These help us to locate our position to the accuracy of a few hundred
meters. All sea going vessels are supposed to have GPS fitted onboard for navigation.
Modern navies even use GPS for accurate launching of ballistic and continental
missiles. GPS functions using 14 satellites located at different places in the space. An
user gets feed from the various satellites in his range and then gives the position after
inter relating all the feeds. This is not fully accurate and must not be fully dependant for
navigation. We must also do plotting to cross check the position given to us by GPS for
errors.
CONCLUSION
Use of electronic aids has enhanced the accuracy of Navigation. A Navigator has to be
conversant with the operation of all electronic aids available on the ship.
Q1. Explain a radar and the different types used in the navy.
Q2. Describe in details the GPS and it’s functioning.

59
LESSON PLAN-2
CLOUDS
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Types of Clouds -15 min
(c) Conclusion - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Clouds are formed due to the condensation of the water which evaporates from
the various sources of water on the earth’s surface. They are formed at very high
altitude and descend over a period of time due to the density of the cloud and come
down as rain.
TYPES OF CLOUDS
2. Types of clouds are as follows
(a) High Clouds. High-level clouds form above 20,000 feet (6,000 meters)
and since the temperatures are so cold at such high elevations, these clouds are
primarily composed of ice crystals. High-level clouds are typically thin and white
in appearance, but can appear in a magnificent array of colours when the sun is
low on the horizon.
60
(b) Medium Clouds. The bases of mid-level clouds typically appear between
6,500 to 20,000 feet (2,000 to 6,000 meters). Because of their lower altitudes,
they are composed primarily of water droplets; however, they can also compose
of ice crystals when temperatures are cold enough.
(c) Low Clouds. Low clouds are mostly composed of water droplets since
their bases generally lie below 6,500 feet (2,000 meters). However, when
temperatures are cold enough, these clouds may also contain ice particles and
snow.
(d) Clouds with Vertical Displacement. Probably the most familiar of the
classified clouds is the cumulus cloud. Generated most commonly through
either thermal convection or frontal lifting, these clouds can grow to heights in
excess of 39,000 feet (12,000 meters), releasing incredible amounts of energy
through the condensation of water vapor within the cloud itself.
CONCLUSION
3. Clouds are categorised by their altitude and extent. Knowledge of clouds is

essential to predict changes in weather. This affects various Naval operations like flying
and Radar operations.
Q1. List and explain the various types of cloud?

61
SECTION- 3
INTRODUCTION TO ASTRONOMY
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Astro Navigation -15 min
(c) Conclusion - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Astro navigation is the science of using celestial bodies, such as stars and
planets, to navigate one's place on Earth. Historically used to navigate the oceans, and
still considered a necessary skill for mariners, astro navigation has been replaced by
GPS, radar systems and radio communications in recent times, making astro navigation
seem somewhat obsolete. All Navies still include astronomical navigation questions on
its mariner certification examinations, and many study the ancient art now for fun rather
than necessity. Astro navigation is not easy. It involves mathematical formulas and
committed study to produce results.
62
ASTRO-NAVIGATION
2. It is the science of using celestial bodies, such as stars and planets, to find one's
position on Earth. Astronomical navigation has been replaced by GPS, radar systems
and radio communications in recent times, making astronomical navigation seems
somewhat obsolete.
3. Sextant. The sextant is a modern marvel when compared to other celestial

navigation devices. It uses two mirrors so the instrument is aimed at the horizon, and
the user only has to look in one place. The user would align the celestial body they were
using with the horizon, by adjusting the sextant's moving parts. Various dials and
notches on the device would then be used to determine the position of the user on the
globe.
CONCLUSION
4. Although the navigator has a variety of electronic equipment at his disposal, the
same are prone to failure or inaccuracies. Use of satellites maybe restricted during
wartime or hostilities and the navigator may have to fall back on the most ancient and
reliable method of position-finding, ie use of Astronomical bodies.
63
CHAPTER-V
SEAMANSHIP
64
LESSON PLAN L-1
BOATWORK- RIGGING OF SAILS IN BOATS
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Parts of Sails -10 min
(c) Types of sails - 10 min
(d) Conclusion - 05 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Whalers and Enterprise class boats are commonly used in the Navy as sailing
boats. Enterprise class boats are meant only for sailing with a crew of two.
PART OF SAIL
2. The parts of sail are as follows

(a) Head Upper side of lug sail
(b) Foot Lower side of any sail
(c) Luff The forward edge of sail
65
(d) Leach The after edge of a sail

(e) Peak After upper corner of a lug sail
(f) Tack Lower fwd corner of a sail
(g) Clew Lower after corner of a sail
(h) Throut Forward upper corner of a sail
3. Three types of sail

(a) Fore sail The sail set immediately before the fore mast
(b) Main sail The sail set on the main mast
(c) Mizzen sail The sail set on the mizzen mast
CONCLUSION
4. . The sails have many parts which have typical terminology. Cadets are required
to know the terms and understand the uses. Sailing requires both knowledge and skill.
Q1. List out the different parts of sail.
Q2. What are the three types of sail on a sail boat?
.
66
LESSON PLAN L- 2
BOATWORK- ELEMENTARY SAILING
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Terms used in Sailing -10 min
(c) Elementary sailing rules &Types of sails - 10 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Enterprise class boats are a very suitable platform for learning sailing. Cadets
are required to know the terms and understand the uses. Sailing requires both
knowledge and skill. A clear understanding of the orders is essential for sailing. Rules
are to be understood and strictly adhered in races.
TERM USED IN SAILING
2. Following terms are used in sailing:-

67
(a) Close-hauled. A boat is close-hauled or sailing by, or the wind, when her
sheets are hauled close aft and all her sails are drawing and she is sailing as
close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing
(b) Reaching. A boat is reaching when she is sailing free with the wind
abeam or before the beam.
(c) Running. A boat is running when she is sailing with the wind abaft the
beam.
(d) Sailing free. A boat is sailing free whenever her sails are filled and she is
not sailing close- hauled, i.e. When sailing so that she is free to manoeuvre on
either side of her course without having to go about (see tacking)
(e) Wearing/ gybing. This is altering course away from the wind until the boat
is on her new course or begins to gybe.
(f) Beating. When the destination of sailing boat lies directly upwind she
beats to windward by sailing close-hauled in a series of alternate tacks
(g) To luff. This is altering course to bring the boat’s head closer to the wind.
(h) In irons. A boat is in irons when she fails to go about from one tack to the
other and lies head to wind unable to pay off on either tack
(i) Port and Starboard tacks. A boat is on the port tack when she is closed
hauled with the wind on her port side, and on the starboard tack when she is
close hauled with the wind on her starboard side.
ELEMENTARY SAILING RULES
3. Sailing rules are commonly known as “rules of the road”.There are three
common rules applicable to a sailing vessel:-
Rule 1 A sail boat running free must keep clear of one close hauled.
Rule 2 A sail boat close hauled on the port tack must keep clear of a sailboat
close hauled on the starboard tack.
Rule 3 When both boats are running free on opposite tacks the vessel with the
wind on the port side must keep clear.
Rule 4 When both boats are running free on the same tack the boat to windward
must keep clear
68
CONCLUSION
4. Sailing requires both knowledge and skill. A clear understanding of the orders are
essential for sailing. Rules are to be understood and strictly adhered in races.
69
LESSON PLAN-3
BOATWORK- POWER BOATS
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
2. (a) Introduction and Types of Boat -05 min
(b) Anchoring and securing a boat -10 min
(c) Towing a boat - 10 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Power boats are driven by internal combustion engines and therefore known as
Motor boats.They may be classified as inboard or outboard according to the position of
the motor. They may also be classified according to speed (fast, medium or slow speed)
2. Types of power boats
(a) Gemini crafts
(b) RIBs
(c) GRP Motor Boats

70
ANCHORING A BOAT
3. The imp points are as follows:-
(a) The length of the cable is normally four time the depth of water
(b) The inboard end of the cable is secured to a towing bollard by taking four
turns around the bollard and then seizing the inboard part to the out board part
(c) If a boat snatches at her cable in a heavy sea, pay out as much as cable
as possible
4. Securing of boat
(a) Heavier boats will be secured alongside

(b) When marking fast to the lower boom, a pulling boat is secured to the
quarter lizard the inner being kept for power boat
(c) The painter should be rove through the eye of the lizard then back through
the thimble of the painter and then secured with a double sheet bend round both
parts
(d) The scope of the painter should be adjusted so that the boat rise easily
with out yawing or snatching
(e) Along side jetty or anchor boat
(f) To a boom
(g) To an accommodation ladder
(h) To a buoy
TOWING A BOAT
(a) A lightly laden boat may be towed in calm weather by her painter which
should be made fast with two or three turns around her towing bollard
(b) If no bollard is provided a wooden bar should be passed through the bight
of the painter and placed under the two fore most thwarts
(c) A boat should never be towed direct from her stem ringbolt because it puts
an unfair strain on the ringbolt and stem
71
CONCLUSION
6. Power boats are used extensively for conveying Captain, officers, crew and
stores from ship to shore and back. They are required to be secured properly and can
be towed for long durations, with due precaution.
Q1. Describe in 15 words how an anchor is prepared for letting go.
Q2. List parts of an anchor.
Q3. List parts of a cable.
Q4. What are the types of Anchor?
Q5. List types of Natural Fibre Ropes.
Q6. What is a manmade fibre rope?
Q7. How are steel ropes maintained?
Q8. Describe in brief what are Bend, Hitch and Knots.
Q9. List type of knots.
Q10. What are the elements of bend and hitches?
Q11. Which boats are used in the navy for sailing?
Q12. List parts of a sail.
Q13. What are the type of sails.
Q14. What is a close hauled situation/
Q15. What is gybing?
Q16. What are the ‘rules of road’ in sailing?

72
73
CHAPTER-VI
FIRE FIGHTING FLOODING
AND
DAMAGE CONTROL
74
LESSON PLAN N-1
FIRE FIGHTING, FLOODING AND DAMAGE CONTROL
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Types and classification of fire -10 min
(c) Types of FF extinguishers/FF Triangle - 10 min
(d) Principles of FF, Methods & Tactics -10 min
(e) Search and Rescue & First Report -10 min
(f) Basic FF rigs -photos/practical -10 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Fire can be caused due to various reasons. Prevention is the best way to fight
fire. Early detection and knowledge of the types of fire and various methods to fight fire
will enable containing the damage. Everyday Hazards of fire are as follows:-:
(a) Carelessness with naked lights and cigarettes left about.
(b) Paint and oil splashes in contact with heat.
75
(c) Cooking oil in the galley, if left unattended on the cooking range for a long
time.
(d) Private electrical equipment not checked, safe and used without proper
plugs.
(e) Smoking in unauthorized area and on bed.
(f) Electric iron and soldering iron not switched off or not in use and closed.
(g) Highly flammable materials not stowed safely.
(h) Keeping power supply ‘ON’ when compartment is not in use and closed.
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
2. Types Of Fire
Fire depends on three things being present together.
(a) Fuel or inflammable materials (Oil, paints, wood, paper etc.)
(b) Heat
(c) Oxygen
3. Classification of fire.There are five different types of fire. These are:-

Class Type
A - General Fire
B - Oil Fire
C - Gaseous Fire
D - Metallic Fire
E - Electric Fire
TYPES OF FIRE FIGHTING EXTINGUISHERS USED IN NAVY
4. Types Of Fire Fighting Extinguishers Used In Navy. First Aid Fire Fighting
Equipments:
76
(a) 9 Ltrs AFFF Extinguisher.AFFF stands for ‘Aqueous Film Forming

Foam’. It is a new type of fire extinguisher which is painted bright red and is
supplied to ship in lieu of water type and foam type extinguishers. It can
extinguish both general and oil fire. It can also be used
against electrical fires of normal ships voltage provided
the nozzel is kept 1.8 metres away from the electrical fire
and ships supply should be 440 V and below. Duration of
the extinguisher is 60 to 90 seconds.
(b) 2 Kg CO2 Extinguisher.This extinguisher is painted black and contains

CO2 gas under pressure. It is operated by aiming the
discharge horn at the base of the fire and removing the safety
pin and opening the regulator. This extinguisher is used
against electrical fire.
(c) 10 Kg Dry Chemical Powder Extinguisher.It is used on metallic and oil

fires. It consists of 10 kg dry chemical powder attached with a CO2 cartridge
fitted inside with a cap. It is painted blue in colour.
(d) PD 12 Dry Chemical Powder Extinguisher.It is painted blue and is
used on helo/flight deck of ship. It consists of 28 lbs dry chemical powder
and is attached with CO2 cylinder, which is outside the extinguisher.
(e) PD 25 Dry Powder type Extinguisher.Dry chemical power extinguisher
painted blue and is used on helo/flight deck of
ship. It consists of 25 lbs dry chemical powder
and a CO2 cartridge which is attached inside the
extinguisher.
(f) Trolley Mounted Fire Extinguisher.

(i) 75 Kg dry chemical powder
77
(ii) Twin CO2 6.5 Kg

(iii) 45 ltrs foam.
5. Fire Triangle
HEAT
FUEL OXYGEN
PRICIPLES OF FF, METHODS AND TACTICS
6. Principles of Fire Fighting

(a) Cooling.This is done by bringing down the temperature or removing the
heat. The best agent of cooling is water, which is freely available in ships for
fighting the fire. Water must be applied to burning materials and not to the
flames.
(b) Starving.It is to remove all inflammable materials in the vicinity of fire so
that fire does not spread further and is automatically put off.
(c) Smothering. It is a process of cutting off air supply which helps fire. This
isachieved by means of a first – aid fire fighting equipments, CO2 Smothering
system, main foam appliances etc. This is also achieved by means of closing all
port holes, hatches, ventilation fans etc.
78
7. FF Methods & Tactics.. On slightest suspicion of trapped personnel in a

smoke filled section, search should be started immediately. The search team must:-
(a) Be well briefed.

(b) Have well defined search area.
SEARCH AND RESCUE/FIRST REPORT
8. Search and Rescue

Search party: - The minimum composition of 2+1 searchers must operate in pairs
because
(a) A partner boosts morale
(b) In case of trouble, searchers can help each other.
(c) Better effort available for clearing obstructions.
(d) Easy transportation of causalities.
(e) Each of the searchers dons BA sets, and carry extension equipment and
run guide line. At each flat, office, mess decks etc. One of the search team
members must remain at entrance while the other makes his way into the space
and feels his way around as close to the perimeter as possible (a casualty may
crawl to a bulkhead and collapse there). The search must be made cautiously
and thoroughly at the following locations:-:
(i) Fully at deck level.
(ii) Under tables, desks, chairs and benches.
(iii) Under bed clothes.
(iv) In cupboards, wardrobes and chests etc.
(v) Behind and beneath ladders.
(vi) Behind open doors behind fitted furniture, lockers etc.
9. First Report and Action

(a) If smoke is seen to be issuing from beneath a closed door. Suspect
fire but do not open the door, because, if the door is opened the fire might flare
up fiercely and spread rapidly. Raise the alarm "fire fire fire" and inform the
79
command by the quickest method. Pass clear and accurate message and return
to the scene of the incident.
(b) If the door is open or the fire is not behind the door. If fire is
discovered in an open compartment, raise the alarm by shouting "fire fire fire"
and try to extinguish it with the equipment in hand. Inform command by quickest
method. If the finder is doubtful of his ability to extinguish the fire, he should shut
all openings to the compartment (if practicable), ensure command is informed
and report to the person who arrives to take charge of the incident.
10. Basic Firefighting Rig with BASCCA set

80
13. Full Firefighting Rig

81
11. ALUMINISED FIRE PROXIMITY SUIT
CONCLUSION
12. Fire depends on three things being presenttogether. Firstly Fuel or inflammable
material ,secondly Heat and thirdly Oxygen. Fire fighting is everybody’s business and all
personnel on board a ship should be alert to prevent and put out a fire.
82
83
CHAPTER-VII
SHIP AND BOAT MODELLING
84
LESSON PLAN L-1
CALCULATIONS OF SAIL AREA OF A MODEL
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Calculation of sail Area for a Model -10 min
(c) Sail Plan - 10 min
(d) Practical Demo -15 min
INTRODUCTION
1. The Sailing Model’s correctness is judged in competitions by racing them against

each other. Thus, it is essential to calculate the sail area of the model.
CALCULATION OF SAIL AREA FOR A MODEL.
2. Although model yachts can be of different rigs, experience has proved that the
most practical and efficient is the Bermuda rig. This is the simplest rig possible as it
consists of a triangular (Bermudian or lego-mutton) main sail and single head salt (jib).
85
Hence all modern racing models without exception, rigged this way, it will facilitate the
subject, if we use the proper and correct names/ terms for the different parts of the sail.
SAIL PLAN
3. If you refer to the sail plan, it will be seen that there are two triangular sails. The
front one is the Jib, and after one the Main sail. Each sail has three sides- the luff (fore
side) the leach (after side) and the foot. The top corner is the head, the front corner is
the tack, and after corner the clew. This applies to both jib and main sail. Actual sail
area is measured as follow:-
(a) Main Sail. The luff (forward side of sail) is measured from tack (bottom
forward corner of sail) to underside of the head. The diagonal is a line taken from
the clew (bottom after corner of sail) to the luff and perpendicular to it. The area
of the sail is calculated by multiplying the luff by the diagonal and dividing by two
(Figure VIII-1).
(b) Jib. The luff is measured from tack to underside of head to the eye in
the head (top corner of sail). The diagonal is measured like in the main sail. The
area of the jig is then calculated by multiplying the luff by the diagonal and
dividing by two (figure VIII-i)
4. The measured area of the sail plan is the area of the main sail plus area of jib.
There is no limit on the height of the rig in this class but the height of the jibstay above
the deck must not exceed 80% of the height of the main sail head above deck. For
example take a sail plan of 36” model yacht and measure it as under:-
Jib Main Sail

Luff 36.0” 50.0”
Leach 32.75” 52.5”
Foot 10.00” 20.00”
Foreside Mast 12 5/8” bow.
Jib 36x10 =180
2
86
Main Sail 50x20 =500

2
680 Sq . Inches.
36” Class
53.0”
40.0”
52.5”
32.75” 50.0”
36.0”
10.0”
20.0”
11.0”
5. (Practical Demo with Sail is essential to impart this topic).

87
SECTION-2
REPAIRING OF SHIP MODELS
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Stabilising -10 min
(c) Fitting, Planting and Finishing Models - 10 min
(d) Tools for ship Modelling -15 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Any type of model may be damaged, requiring repair. Also all working model are
to be stabilised to give optimum performance.
2. Repairing. If a model is damaged while carrying from one place to another or

to repair damaged model, stores required for repairs are:-
(a) Balsa wood Sheets, strips
(b) M Seal, Pins, feviquick
(c) Paints
88
STABILISING
3. One of the big advantages in ship modelling is that almost anything will float,
and with sufficient power it can be propelled through the water. This provides
satisfaction to the casual model maker.
4. A model’s first contact with the water usually comes some time before the last
cost of paint is dry and the last details is fitted, however, it is far more practical to test
the model during construction, since alteration of subsequent position of components
becomes a major operation. The time for this is normally after the initial two to three
coats of paint and if possible, before permanent attachment of the deck and
superstructure.
5. Mark the water line at stem and stern with pencil marks and place components,
or equivalent weights, in correct position and check that the hull floats true. If after
completion, ballast is required to bring the model down to her marks or to correct trim ,
determine the required amount and its position by stacking cut chunks, flakes and shots
of lead in peace, then melt the lead in to a convenient block and place or screw, to the
hull bottom as low as possible.
6. But for other types of hulls like planked hull or chine hulls, where the bulkheads
are used for making watertight compartments and are glued with the keel, this process
should be carried out in the manner explained after stacking the flakes or shots in the
correct position between the bulkheads, melt the lead and make the blocks according to
the space available and then place / glue them as near as possible to the keel.
FITTING, PAINTING AND FINISHING MODELS
7. Fitting of Models. There are a large number of fitting on any ship/boat model.
By far the best way is to study first hand a ship of the same type as the model or
observe the details from photographs. The following are the main fittings generally
found in a ship:-
Davits, Search Lights, Mast, Anchor, Fair Leads, Rigging Blocks, Cleats,
Bollards, Stag Horns, Steering Wheel, Port Holes, Ventilators Capstan etc.
89
PAINTING AND FINISHING A MODEL
8. It is not enough merely to slap a coat of paint on the job, especially when so
many hours have been put in to the earlier work. Although the temptation to get the
model floating is very strong, an extra hour or two spent in a careful paint finish will
more than repay in satisfaction during the models life.
9. The secret of good painting is good surface preparation alongwith the use of
good tools and good quality materials. Thoroughness is essential, especially in painting
the interior of the model .Small internal areas of the model which are unpainted can
lead to water ingress which can lead to deterioration of the model.
10. Thus it is necessary to study the various phases of construction to decide what
parts must be painted before the next step renders it inaccessible. The usual colour for
the inside of a boat is white, though some builders prefer plain varnish or clear lacquer.
In either case the first coat should be well thinned and applied freely, though not freely
enough for it to run down and pool in the corners of the structure. After this coat, two
full strength coats should be applied, allowing plenty of time for them to harden. A
meticulous modeler will carefully rub down and finish at least those parts which will be
visible when the model’s hatches are removed.
11. It should always be determined beforehand which kind of paint is going to be

used for painting the model. If nitro cellulose (NC) based lacquer is to be applied then
obtain a smooth surface by using NC based primer surface only. If any gap is to be
filled, it should be done only after applying a thin first coat of primer and that too with
NC based putty. When the putty is well dried, it should be rubbed down with
Carborandum Paper. The rubbing is to be done, using the kerosene oil because there
is every possibility of the wood swelling it, water is used while rubbing. It must be
remembered that with each coat of primer, rubbing is required.
12. If the painting is to be done by brush, a thin coat of lacquer is advisable every
time to obtain good results. Further details of this will be given by the instructor in
class.
90
TOOLS FOR SHIP MODELLING
13. Tools for Ship Modeling.
(a) Tap Hammer
(b) Nose Plier
(c) Cutting Plier
(d) L Square
(e) Junior Hacksaw
(f) Pin car
(g) Jack Plane
(h) Bench Vice
(i) Pin Cutter
(j) End Cutter
(k) Hacksaw
(l) Tenon Saw
(m) Steel Scale
(n) Rough File
(o) Scissors
(p) File Set
(q) Adjustable Spanner
(r) Drilling Machine
(s) Chisel
(t) Fret Saw
CONCLUSION
14. A model has to be stabilized before it is put in water. The trim and heel are
checked before as it forms an important part of the competition. Models have to be
repaired regularly and cadets have to be conversant with the tools and procedures as
91
well as care and maintenance of tools and models. Models have to be packed carefully
before transportation.
Q1. List the tools required for ship modelling.

92
LESSON PLAN N-3
HANDLING AND OPERATION OF REMOTE CONTROL MODELS
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Handling and Operation of a Remote Control Boat -10 min
(c) Remote Control and Water Tank - 10 min
INTRODUCTION
1. Introduction. The models requiring control remotely need to maintain the basic
principles of watertight integrity, stability and the right amount of buoyancy. The remote
control models are generally made from strips of balsa wood or any other light weight
wood which is easy to cut, bend and shape into. The model is generally made with
wooden strips cut in such a way to maintain symmetry in design of the model. The
strips form various strakes of the hull and full pieces of strips are used to cover the hull
to form the decks. The design is more or less like that of an original ship with bulkheads
and supporting structures being included to maintain the integrity of the model while
keeping it watertight and balanced. The model is prepared in such a way that the motor
is placed in the lower part of the hull and connected to the propeller through the aft part
of the hull pierced and covered well to only allow the propeller to operate without any
93
ingress of water. The packing is done using steel bearings, rubber washers or oakum.
The receiver for the motor is placed above the main deck for proper reception at all
times and connected to the motor using small wire or PCB. The transmitter is used to
operate the model in such a way as to rotate it 360° and move forward or back.
HANDLING AND OPERATION OF A REMOTE CONTROL MODEL
2. A model 40 to 50 cm length and minimum 6cm width is required for RC

operation. While Operating the model, check that water leakage is not there. To
operate the RC model the following items are required:-
(a) Remote Control
(b) Good Model as specified above
(c) Water Tank
REMOTE CONTROL
3. Remote Control has the following important items:-
(a) Transmitter. It operates the model in the ahead and astern direction and
rotational direction of 360°. This will run with 12 V DC( 8 Battery Cells of 1.5 V)
(b) Receiver. It is fitted in model to receive the orders from transmitter and
works as ordered. Receivers runs with the help of 6V DC(4 Cells 1.5V)
(c) Servers. It operates with the help of receivers as per order passed by the
transmitter and it will run as per the orders of receiver.
4. Water Tank. To operate RC model, a water tank of size 15’x 10’x 2’(15’long,
10’width and 2’height) is required. Tank will be filled with water up to one feet to
operate the model with the help of remote control.
CONCLUSION
5. An RC model is performance oriented model when the finished model can carry
out manoeuvres as required for the competition. Besides construction of RC model,
with regards to its stability and water tightness, the cadets need to have hands on
experience to operate the model using remote control in order to excel.
94
SECTION-4
PRACTICAL TRAINING
************************************************************************************************
PRACTICAL TRAINING TO BE IMPARTED BY THE SMI.
************************************************************************************************
95
CHAPTER-VIII
SEARCH AND RESCUE
96
LESSON PLAN L1
ROLE OF INDIAN COAST GUARD
Period - One
Term - I (SD/SW)
Training Aids
Time Plan
(b) Mission of Coast Guard -10 min
(c) Role in Search and Rescue - 10 min
INTRODUCTION
1. In order to help the people affected and minimize said losses and the concept of
Search & Rescue arises. SAR basically is an operation to locate those people who are
in distress during the disasters or in imminent danger and provide them all the possible
help and aid. Indian Coast Guard was established on 18 Aug 1978 and operates under
the Department of Defence of the Union ministry of Defence. The Coast Guard works in
close cooperation with the Indian Navy, Department of fisheries and Department of
Revenue (customs) and the Central and State Police Forces.
97
COAST GUARD MISSION
2. Following are the mission of Coast Guard

(a) National Defence during hostilities and peace.
(b) Safety and protection of artificial lands, offshore terminals and other
installations.
(c) Protection and assistance to fishermen and mariners at sea.
(d) Coastal security.
(e) Law Enforcement in territorial & international water..
(f) Preservation and protection of marine ecology.
(g) Ant smuggling and other customs & preventive operations.
(h) Scientific data collection and support.
ROLE OF INDIAN COAST GUARD IN SEARCH AND RESCUE
3. The Indian Coast Guard is responsible for coordinating SAR operation in the
Indian Maritime Search & Rescue Region (IMSRR), The Indian SRR is sub divided into
four sub region each with an assigned MRCC at Mumbai, Chennai, Port Blair and
Porbandar. Coast Guard is basically an agency to provide SAR cover to ships and other
crafts sailing in the sea l around Indian peninsula. Director General Coast Guard is the
National Maritime SAR Coordinating Authority (NMSARCA). Under NMSARCA, the
Indian Search and Rescue region of India is divided into three SAR areas with MRCC’s
located at Mumbai, Chennai and Portblair. The Indian Coast Guard is designated as a
nodal agency for Maritime Search and Rescue in Indian Search and Rescue region.
4. The various field which are covered by SAR operation of Indian Coast
Guard include help and aid to fisherman in a distress, medical help, Antipiracy
operation, aids to ships during fire, flood, tsunami, pirate attacks, drowning, requirement
of towing the vessel, communication failure, machinery breakdown, search of missing
crew, boats, machinery and material, disembarking of rescued crew, help to vessels
drifting, meet fuel starvation, help during sinking of crafts, boats etc, medical
evacuation, providing international cooperation to foreign vessel, ships, prevention of
oil spills, providing distress alerts to fisherman and local public etc.
98
CONCLUSION
5. The Indian Ocean region is of Strategic Importance for the Navy and it is very
essential to provide SAR services in this region. A number of agencies are involved in
the SAR cover. Coast Guard is basically an agency to provide SAR cover to ships and
other crafts sailing in the sea around the Indian peninsula.
Q1. Explain the role of Coast Guard and how is it different from the Navy?
Q2. Explain in brief the role of the Coast Guard in SAR.
Q3. List the mission of the Coast Guard.

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NATIONAL

Edition 2017, HQ DG NCC, India

This book or part there of may not be reproduced by

Published By: The Director General, National Cadets Corps

Design, Layout: NCC OTA, Kamptee

Printed By: Shri Sai Enterprises

SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC] And To Secure To All Its Citizens :

1Subs,By The Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act.1976, Sec.2, For "Sovereign

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

Jana Gana Mana Adhinaayak Jaya Hey,

LESSON PLAN - N1(SD/SW)

ONBOARD ORGANISATION OF SHIPS

1. Computer slides, Projector, Black Board, easel, chalk and duster.

2. (a) Introduction - 05 min

(b) Department -10 min

(c) Watch System -10 min

(d) Station and Routine - 10 min

(e) Conclusion -5 min

4. A chart of the departmental organization of a Destroyer along with the specialists

Cdr (E) Cdr(L) CDR CDR(Log) PMO Met Offr

5. The seaman complement on a ship is normally large. It is divided into Forecastle

STATIONS & ROUTINES

6. The ships company is closed up in various stations to meet various requirements

(a) Cruising Station

(b) Defence Station

(c) Action Station

(d) Sea & Action

(e) SSD & Cable Party

(f) Clear Lower Deck

Q1. What are the main departments on board a ship?

Q2. Why is Ship’s Compliment divided into Watch system?

Q3. Explain the types of Watch Systems followed on IN Ships.

Q4. What are the types of stations followed during sailing?

MODE OF ENTRY INTO INDIAN NAVY

2. (a) Introduction - 05 min

(b) Executive Branch (Permanent Commission) - 20 min

(c) Short service commission - 20 min

(d) Education Branch -15 min

(e) Engineering Electrical Branch -15 min

(f) Sailors Entry - 15 min

(g) Movie, Notes and conclusion - 30 min

ENTRY AS OFFICER IN THE INDIAN NAVY

(a) Permanent Commission

A Bachelor's Degree from

(b) Short Service Commission

advocate under the

ENGINEERING BRANCH (MARINE ENGINEERS)

10+2 or equivalent with

ENGINEERING BRANCH (NAVAL ARCHITECTS)

(ii) Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech) Men 17 -19 10+2 or equivalent with

Physics, Chem & Maths

5. Following are important notes :-

(b) The duration of Short Service Commission is 10 years, extended to 14 years.

(e) The above information is a broad guideline and is subject to change as

6. For Recruitment Contact Any Naval Establishment or DMPR at Integrated

7. The various types of entry of the sailors branch are as follows:-

Age Educational Month of Method of

Recruit) 21 il have aptitude for

Minimum 45% courses

(c) Minimum %age of marks, for each entry is promulgated through

For further Details and Information, Contact or write to:

9. The Indian Navy is employing cutting edge technology in administration &is