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MED1 Samplex Rationale 6 - Endocrine Disorders
MED1 Samplex Rationale 6 - Endocrine Disorders
Endocrine Disorders
Samplex Rationale
2. A 30 year old female has high serum prolactin on lab exam. C Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition
What is the most common presenting chief complaint? Page 2675:
A. Galactorrhea Amenorrhea, galactorrhea and infertility are the hallmarks of
B. Decreased libido hyperprolactinemia in women. (…) Patients may also complain
C. Amenorrhea of decreased libido. More commonly, hyperprolactinemia
D. Cold intolerance develops later in life and leads to oligomenorrhea and
ultimately to amennorhea.
3. True about examination of the thyroid gland: C Physical exam of the thyroid
A. Palpate bimanually both thyroid lobes ● INSPECTION for swelling and symmetry
simultaneously through anterior approach ● PALPATION for size, shape, consistency, symmetry, and
B. Use the bell of the stethoscope to auscultate for tenderness
thyroid bruit ● AUSCULTATION for bruits which indicate high blood flow to the
C. Palpate for the size, texture, and tenderness thyroid gland
D. Observe for downward movement of thyroid on
deglutition
4. The following is a correct sign/finding in Secondary C Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition
Adrenal Insufficiency? Page 2734-2735:
A. Hypokalemia Process of elimination:
B. Hyperglycemia …A should be hyperkalemia
C. Orthostatic hypotension …B should be hypoglycemia
D. Increased pigmentation of palmar creases …in D, hyperpigmentation only indicates primary adrenal
insufficiency…What is found in secondary adrenal insufficiency is
Alabaster-colored skin.
Tan LA, Tan R, Tan S, Tanghal JA, Tecson JF, Tee M, Tejada AJ, Teope FT,
Tiangco TAV, Tienzo MAG | Page 1 of 6
5. Excessive hair growth in androgen dependent areas is C Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition
known as: Page 2799:
A. Hypertrichosis
B. Vitiligo Hirsutism is defined as androgen-dependent excessive male-
C. Hirsutism pattern hair growth, affects 10% of women.
D. Hyperandrogenism
Hypertrichosis aka “Werewolf Syndrome”- Excessive non-
pathologic hair growth
6. A patient was prescribed with steroid for 6 months due to B “People with lupus should never smoke due to their increased
her lupus erythematosus, what signs and symptoms can be risk of cardiovascular disease. Steroid medications increase
expected to appear after long term use? this risk by upping blood pressure, increasing glucose levels,
A. Alopecia triglycerides, and cholesterol.”
B. Centripetal obesity
C. Hypoglycemia Source: NCBI// A practical guide to monitoring and management
D. Hypotension of complications of systemic corticosteroid therapy
10. A 30-year old male has darkening and thickening of the B Hyperaldosteronism- proximal myopathy or symmetrical
skin over the nape and axilla. weakness of proximal upper and/or lower limbs
a. What condition can this sign be associated to? Insulin resistance- Acanthosis Nigricans or Hyperpigmentation of
A. Hyperaldosteronism body folds (neck, armpit, groin, forehead)
B. Insulin Resistance Hypercholesterolemia- heart problems, obesity
C. Hypercholesterolemia
Tan LA, Tan R, Tan S, Tanghal JA, Tecson JF, Tee M, Tejada AJ,
Teope FT, Tiangco TAV, Tienzo MAG | Page 2 of 6
D. Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism- amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, diarrhea,
weight loss, stare w/o proptosis or excess adrenergic activity
11. A 25-year old female came in for consult due to BP: A High Blood Pressure/ Resistant Hypertension
150/90, cardiac rate: 120/min regular. What is your Primary hyperaldosteronism
consideration? Pheochromocytoma
A. Hyperthyroidism Cushing’s syndrome
B. Essential HPN Hyperparathyroidism
C. Hypercortisolism Hyperthyroidism
D. Hyperparathyroidism Hypothyroidism
Acromegaly
Obesity
Tachycardia
Hyperthyroidism
Hypoglycemia
Pheochromocytoma
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy
12. This condition among patients with diabetes is B Orthostatic or Postural Hypotension
characterized by a drop in BP>20/10 mmHg upon standing: Adrenal insufficiency
A. Diabetic hypotension Diabetic autonomic neuropathy
B. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy - drop in blood pressure > 20/10 mmHg
C. Diabetic heart disease - or rise in CR > 15/min
D. Diabetic ketoacidosis -from sitting to standing or from lying down to sitting or standing
Hyperprolactinemia
- Amenorrhea, galactorrhea and infertility
Tan LA, Tan R, Tan S, Tanghal JA, Tecson JF, Tee M, Tejada AJ,
Teope FT, Tiangco TAV, Tienzo MAG | Page 3 of 6
14. A patient came in due to dry skin, weight gain and B
constipation. What sign can be found in her physical
examination?
A. Plummer’s nail
B. Hung up reflex
C. Thyroid Acropachy
D. Onychomycosis Hung up reflex
-Deep Tendon Reflex for Hypothyroidism
-Reflex action takes place BUT with slow return of limb to neutral
position
Exopthalmos- hyperthyroidism
A. Chvostek’s sign
B. Trousseau’s sign
C. Von Graffe’s sign
D. Pemberton’s sign
17. Electrolyte imbalance found in hyperthyroidism B Hypokalemia – present in Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis and Hyper
A. Hyponatremia aldosteronism
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Tan LA, Tan R, Tan S, Tanghal JA, Tecson JF, Tee M, Tejada AJ,
Teope FT, Tiangco TAV, Tienzo MAG | Page 4 of 6
19. A method to assess the secondary sexual characteristic B
maturation of an individual
A. Ferriman - Gallway score
B. Tanner staging
C. Mid-parental height
D. Waist-hip ratio
20. A device used for measuring height in upright position A Stadiometer – device to measure height, UPRIGHT
patients Hertel meter – device to measure axial position of the eyes
A. Stadiometer Orchidometer – device to measure testicular size
B. Hertel meter
C. Orchidometer
D. Tape measure
22. A 25-year old male patient came to clinic for work-up. His A
height is 5 feet 8 inches. His weight is 65 kg. What is the
patient’s BMI category based on Asia-Pacific guidelines?
A. Normal body habitus
B. Obese I
C. Overweight
D. Obese II
Tan LA, Tan R, Tan S, Tanghal JA, Tecson JF, Tee M, Tejada AJ,
Teope FT, Tiangco TAV, Tienzo MAG | Page 5 of 6
26. The initial presenting symptom among females who has A Changes in sexual functions:
non-functioning pituitary adenoma FEMALE: menstruation
A. Changes in menstrual pattern MALE: libido
B. Changes in bowel habits
C. Weight gain
D. Visual changes
27. The usual initial presenting symptom among males with D SEE QUESTION #26
non-functioning pituitary disorders
A. Purplish abdominal striae
B. Acanthosis nigricans
C. Proximal muscle weakness
D. Loss of libido
28. A device used to assess the secondary sexual B SEE QUESTION #20
characteristic maturation of male individuals by examining
the testis
A. Ultrasound
B. Prader orchidometer
C. Tape measure
D. Ruler
3.) Thyrotoxicosis – A
Tan LA, Tan R, Tan S, Tanghal JA, Tecson JF, Tee M, Tejada AJ,
Teope FT, Tiangco TAV, Tienzo MAG | Page 6 of 6