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Republic of the Philippines

DAVAO DEL SUR STATE COLLEGE


Matti, Digos City, Davao del Sur
GEHI 222 (Readings in Philippine History)
Prepared by: Prof. Lorenzo T. Gulle Jr.

Tala ng Aking Buhay by Gregoria de Jesus


(translated by Leandro H. Fernandez)
Tala ng Aking Buhay
- autobiography written by Gregoria de Jesus (Nov. 5, 1928, in Caloocan, Rizal)

Gregoria de Jesus (1875 – 1943)


 born on May 9, 1875
 native of Caloocan, Rizal
 Nicolas de Jesus – FATHER
- master mason and carpenter by occupation
- office holder 2nd Lt. during Spanish regime
 Baltazara Alvarez Francisco – MOTHER
 finished first grade of instruction
- equivalent to intermediate grades of today
 gave way to enable two (2) brothers continue studies in Manila
 joined looking after the family interests
- supervise in the planting and harvesting of rice
- see tenants and laborers
- pay wages on Sundays
 met Bonifacio at the age of 18
- began to like Bonifacio after 3 months
- her father was against the suit
- Bonifacio was a freemason (considered as bad men)
- after six months, she earnestly fallen in love with Bonifacio
- her father was opposed at first
- in the end, he gave consent because of his love to her
 married to Bonifacio in the Catholic church in Binondo (March 1893)
- Restituto Javier and his wife as sponsors
 remarried to Bonifacio after a week because of the request of the Katipuneros
- Calle Oroquieta, Restituto Javier’s house
- Katipuneros gave no importance to Catholic ceremony
 initiated as member of the Katipunan
- Lakambini (muse, noblewoman) of Katipunan
 served as security officer of the belongings of the Katipunan
- revolver and other weapons
- seal
- all papers
 those days were full of danger
- sons of the nation already chafing under bondage
- rose to a man and quickly swelled the ranks of the Katipunan
- once or twice a month, those in charge of the propaganda met
- when received warning that the house would be searched by the police, she immediately
gather those papers and drive until midnight to save our countrymen from danger
- some refused to help her knowing that she bring dangerous things
 when she became a mother, Bonifacio temporarily moved her to her parents’ house in Caloocan, Rizal
- given birth a boy child
- christened by Bonifacio being Pio Valenzuela as godfather
- child died in the house of Pio Valenzuela in Binondo
 went back to Manila after 2 months and became victim of fire in Dulong Bayan
- this time also, Katipunan were being kept by the Spanish government

 Bonifacio died
- remarried to Julio Nakpil in the Catholic church in Quiapo on December 10, 1898
- Julio Nakpil (second husband of Gregoria de Jesus)
- secretary to Bonifacio
- given the command of the troops in the north which put end to the fight in Montalban
and San Mateo

 Tejeros Convention
- took place on March 22, 1897
- PURPOSE
- to settle the dispute between the two councils of Katipunan
- Magdiwang led by Bonifacio
- Magdalo led by Aguinaldo
- to decide what type of government to install
- Bonifacio presided the election of the officers
- the assembly should respect whatever would be the outcome of the elections
- Bonifacio was elected as Secretary of Interior
- Daniel Tirona contested and argued that a lawyer should handle the position
- Bonifacio felt insulted and demanded an apology from Tirona
- Because of humiliation and anger, Bonifacio declared that all matters convened
in the Tejeros Convention were null and void

 Katipunan / KKK (Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan)


- founded on July 7, 1892 after hearing the news that Rizal will be exiled to Dapitan
- secret society that aimed the separation of the Philippines from Spain and expulsion of the
Spaniards in the country
- Supremo of Katipunan
- Deodato Arellano
- Roman Basa
- Andres Bonifacio (during the Spanish outbreak)
- 1893 (women were given the chance to join the organization)
- Gregoria de Jesus, Josefa Rizal, Marina Dizon, and Angelica Lopez
- served as the keepers of the important and confidential documents of the Katipunan
- staged galas as fronts for the regular meetings of the male members
- 1894 (spread throughout Manila)
- Emilio Jacinto (editor of Kalayaan)
- Kalayaan (official organ of the Katipunan)
- works of Bonifacio were published:
1. Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
2. Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog
 Decalogue of Gregoria de Jesus (requested by Jose P. Santos)
1. Respect and love your parents because they are next to God on earth
2. Remember always the sacred teachings of our heroes who sacrificed their lives for love of country
3. Do not squander time so that you can show good example to others
4. Acquire some knowledge in the line or field of work for which you are best fitted so that you can
be useful to your country
5. Remember that goodness is wealth
6. Respect your teachers who help you see and understand, for you owe them your education as you
owe your parents your life
7. Protect the weak from danger
8. Fear history, for it respects no secrets
9. Greatness begins where baseness ends
10. Promote union and the country’s progress in order not to retard its independence

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