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  • Hydrocarbon Benzene Carbon Chemical Formula H Coal Tar Distillation Petroleum Water Moth Sulfonic Acid Dyestuff

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    Naphthalene is a hydrocarbon compound composed of two benzene rings. It is a major constituent of coal tar and is commercially produced from coal tar and cracked petroleum. Naphthalene has a characteristic odor and is used as a moth repellent. It undergoes substitution reactions where hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogens, nitro groups, sulfonic acid groups, and alkyl groups. Large quantities of naphthalene are converted to naphthylamines and naphthols for use as dyestuff intermediates. For many years, naphthalene was also used as the principal raw material for producing phthalic anhydride.

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    Napthalene

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    Naphthalene is a hydrocarbon compound composed of two benzene rings. It is a major constituent of coal tar and is commercially produced from coal tar and cracked petroleum. Naphthalene has a characteristic odor and is used as a moth repellent. It undergoes substitution reactions where hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogens, nitro groups, sulfonic acid groups, and alkyl groups. Large quantities of naphthalene are converted to naphthylamines and naphthols for use as dyestuff intermediates. For many years, naphthalene was also used as the principal raw material for producing phthalic anhydride.

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    Hydrocarbon Benzene Carbon Chemical Formula H Coal Tar Distillation Petroleum Water Moth Sulfonic Acid Dyestuff

    Uploaded by

    vikas aggarwal
    Naphthalene is a hydrocarbon compound composed of two benzene rings. It is a major constituent of coal tar and is commercially produced from coal tar and cracked petroleum. Naphthalene has a characteristic odor and is used as a moth repellent. It undergoes substitution reactions where hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogens, nitro groups, sulfonic acid groups, and alkyl groups. Large quantities of naphthalene are converted to naphthylamines and naphthols for use as dyestuff intermediates. For many years, naphthalene was also used as the principal raw material for producing phthalic anhydride.

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    Naphthalene​, the simplest of the fused or condensed ring ​hydrocarbon​ ​compounds​ composed of two ​benzene​ rings sharing

    two ​adjacent​ ​carbon​ atoms; ​chemical formula​, C​10​H​8​. It is an important hydrocarbon raw material that gives rise to a host of
    substitution products used in the manufacture of dyestuffs and ​synthetic​ resins. Naphthalene is the most abundant
    single ​constituent​ of ​coal tar​, a volatile product from the destructive ​distillation​ of coal, and is also formed in modern processes for
    the high-temperature cracking (breaking up of large molecules) of ​petroleum​. It is commercially produced by crystallization from the
    intermediate fraction of condensed coal tar and from the heavier fraction of cracked petroleum. The substance crystallizes in
    lustrous white plates, melting at 80.1° C (176.2° F) and boiling at 218° C (424° F). It is almost insoluble in ​water​. Naphthalene is
    highly volatile and has a characteristic odour; it has been used as ​moth​ repellent. In its chemical behaviour, naphthalene shows the
    aromatic character associated with benzene and its simple derivatives. Its reactions are mainly reactions of substitution of
    hydrogen atoms by halogen atoms, nitro groups, ​sulfonic acid​ groups, and alkyl groups. Large quantities of naphthalene are
    converted to naphthylamines and naphthols for use as ​dyestuff​ intermediates. For many years napthalene was the principal raw
    material for making phthalic anhydride.

    ● In its chemical behaviour, naphthalene shows the aromatic character associated with benzene and its simple derivatives.
    Its reactions are mainly reactions of substitution of hydrogen atoms by halogen atoms, nitro groups, ​sulfonic acid​ groups,
    and alkyl groups. Large quantities of naphthalene are converted to naphthylamines and naphthols for use
    as ​dyestuff​ intermediates. For many years napthalene was the principal raw material for making phthalic anhydride.

    In its chemical behaviour, naphthalene shows the aromatic character associated with benzene and its simple derivatives. Its
    reactions are mainly reactions of substitution of hydrogen atoms by halogen atoms, nitro groups, ​sulfonic acid​ groups, and alkyl
    groups. Large quantities of naphthalene are converted to naphthylamines and naphthols for use as ​dyestuff​ intermediates. For
    many years napthalene was the principal raw material for making phthalic anhydride.

    Naphthalene is used in the production of phthalic anhydride; it is also used in mothballs. Acute (short-

    term) exposure of humans to naphthalene by inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact is associated with

    hemolytic anemia, damage to the liver, and neurological damage. Cataracts have also been reported in

    workers acutely exposed to naphthalene by inhalation and ingestion. Chronic (long-term) exposure of

    workers and rodents to naphthalene has been reported to cause cataracts and damage to the retina.

    Hemolytic anemia has been reported in infants born to mothers who "sniffed" and ingested naphthalene (as

    mothballs) during pregnancy. Available data are inadequate to establish a causal relationship between

    exposure to naphthalene and cancer in humans. EPA has classified naphthalene as a Group C, possible

    human carcinogen.

    f Naphthalene is a CARCINOGEN. HANDLE WITH EXTREME CAUTION.

    f Naphthalene can affect you when inhaled and by passing through the skin.

    f Contact can irritate and burn the skin and eyes. High or repeated exposure can cause clouding of the eye lens (cataract), which may damage
    vision.

    f Inhaling Naphthalene can irritate the nose and throat.

    f High exposure to Naphthalene can cause headache, fatigue, confusion, tremor, nausea and vomiting.

    f Exposure to Naphthalene may cause a skin allergy.


    f Naphthalene may damage the liver and kidneys.

    f Repeated high exposure may cause anemia (low blood

    count).

    f Naphthalene is a COMBUSTIBLE SOLID. It may also be

    transported in a “molten” or heated form. The vapor given

    off when Naphthalene is heated is FLAMMABLE and a

    DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD.

    Workplace Exposure Limits

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