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T CHAPTER VII E

E V
H
C O
A U
H L
N OM
N U
D F A
O T
N
L I
O O
G N
Y

EVOLUTION OF
HUMAN
SOCIETY

CLASSIFICATION OF
SOCIETY
BASED ON CONCEPT
OF WAVES
(ALVIN TOFFLER)

CLASSIFICATION OF
TECHNOLOGY
ACCORDING TO
PROCCESS
EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SOCIETY

Hunters and
gatherers They used tools which they

made themselves such as

stones, wood, bone and

ivory.

They  learned how to tame

animals, grow crops,

Shifters and
process of mining sing

metallic hand toolsa and

Farmers this is the marked of an

agricultural society.

People discovered coal,

gas, and oil which they used


Manufacturing and in cooking .This is open door

processing to industrialization.

Future Man-made
World Where the technologies are

eventually used for producing

synthetic food and for

recycling resources to satisfy

the human needs.

CLASSIFICATION OF SOCIETY ACCORDING TO


TOFFLER

People used technologies


basd in mass production,
mass consumption,mass
disribution, weapons of mass
destruction combined with
standardization, centralization
and synchronization.

First wave Third wave


Second wave people used modern
Throughout this technologies based
on the advent of
. time people used
science including
small technology
computers, robotics
that came into
and the like.
being through science technological
trial and error. evolution
CLASSIFICATION OF TECHNOLOGY
ACCORDING TO PROCESS

This technology includes


processes that could produce or
generate, transform and
distribute energy with the
primary purpose of providing
high output without causing
adverse effects to humans and
the environment.

Energy Technology

This technology involves


the design and manufac
ture of instruments, tools,
gadgets, and machines.

Equipment Technology

This technology is primarily


concerned with tools and
gadgets for managing,
processing and distributing
information including
computer systems and their
applications.

Information Technology

This form of technology has the


primary objective of making
technical advances. In terms of
health and food protection
these innovations support
human race (Springham et al.,
1999).

Life Technology

This technology is
conerned with
extraction, fabrication,
and synthesis of
materials for te benefit
of mankind

Materials Technology

TECHNOLOGIES KEEP ON CHANGING AND THESE


CHANGES ARE THROUGH (SCHILLING,2009)

Replacement of
Substituiton
tehnologies

Technology transfer from Diffusion


one individual to another
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
through
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Science and technology are instruments for

the speedy development and economic

stability of a nation.

A nation's progress depends on the strict

application of science- and technology-based

programmes.

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS

Measure of all income


1. Gross Domestic
earned within the country.
Product
2. Per Capita
Average income earne by a Income
person in a particular city.
Measure of how the total gross
3. Income
dometstic product of the
Distribution
country is equally distributed.

4. Growth Rate of
Increase in the country's
Gross National
total economic activity
Product

5. Percentage of Computed as the ratio of


Employment employed to the working age
population

6. Structure of
Sum total of all the men and
labor Force
women who are able to work

7. Human Life Average number of years an


Expentancy individual or a group of people
could be expected to live

Percentage of people or density 8. Percentage of


of people living in urbanized are Urban Population
not depending upon other
government services

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