Republic of the Philippines

Leyte Normal University

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
MAPEH and Humanities Unit
BACHELOR OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Tacloban City

In partial fulfilment of the course requirements for

PEd_106 Philippine Traditional Games and Sports
S.Y. 2019-2020

COMPILATION OF
PHILIPPINE
TRADITIONAL GAMES
AND SPORTS

Prepared by: GUZMAN, RENZ N.

Program and Section: BPED EP13
Schedule: MTH 2:30-4:00 PM
P.E. Instructor: Kirsten Joyce Lani D. Escobarte, Lpt
 Table of Contents
Page No.
I. Games in the Philippines
Tumbang Preso
Sungka
Chinese Garter (and so on)
II. Sports in the Philippines
A. Individual/Dual Sports
Badminton
Table Tennis
Skating (and so on)
B. Team Sports
Arnis
Sepak Takraw
Basketball (and so on)
III. References
GAMES IN THE PHILIPPINES

 “A game is a system in which players engage in an artificial

conflict, defined by rules that result in a quantifiable outcome.” (Salen,
Zimmerman)
A game is a recreational activity that can relieve stress. Moreover, a
game is a physical or mental activity or contest that has rules and that
people do for pleasure. The Purpose of games is to make it possible to
create game strategies and apply them to other areas (such as the
development of soft skills). The aim is to ensure active learning and to
improve the evaluation of the person taking part, without them giving up or
losing motivation. In the Philippines, there are many types of games that
became part of childhood memories of many Filipino children. They called it
“Laro ng Lahi”.
Filipino Traditional Games or " Mga Laro ng Lahi" are games that
Filipino children invented (but some are adopted as well) that are played
usually by using native materials/instruments or without the need of
anything but the players themselves. In the Philippines, due to limited
resources of toys of Filipino children, they usually come up on inventing
games without the need of anything but the players themselves. With the
flexibility of a real human to think and act makes the game more interesting
and challenging.
EXA
MPL
ES
OF
LAR
O NG
LAHI
IN
THE
PHIL
IPPI
NES
Name of Game: Tumbang Preso

Mechanics of the game:

As to how the game cycles, the taya, is obliged to catch another player to
take over their position of running after the tin that keeps from throwing away by the
strikes of the players. Nevertheless, the taya is only privileged to do so only if the player
is holding on their way a pamato and when the tin is on its upright position. Hence,
running after another player is keeping an eye to the tin can's position. As for the
players, they have their whole time striking the tin can and running away from the  taya,
keeping themselves safe with their pamato since making the tin fell down helps another
player from recovering. Instances like having everyone had their turns over are biggest
climax of the game that leads them to panic, since the taya has all their rights to capture
whether the players have a hold of their pamato or not.
However, mechanics also give each side privileges. Within the roadway or
streets as the area being performed, the taya take its place on one side held its tin
centered on the ground while on the other end is bound by a line that limits the player
when throwing. Breaking rules to the players give way for the taya to have their
overturn, like: stepping on or outside the boundary line when throwing; kicking the tin;
striking the tin without having oneself reaching the line; or even touching it.
Rules of the game:
One as the taya (it), someone who takes the role of a-player-at-stake and holds the
responsibility of the Lata (tin can), and; the two others as the players striking. The game
is performed by having the players use a pamato (which uses one's own slipper) to
strike the tin that is held beside the taya.

Equipment needed: Empty can(tin can), one's own slipper(pamato) 

Scoring System: none
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination, agility
Values learned: Patience
Name of Game: “PIKO”

Mechanics of the game:

The mechanics for this game is easy and can be played by single or by group.
By group, it should be started by finding out who will play first usually by jack-en-poy.
The first step is by throwing  your pucks in 1st box then jumping with one leg for 2nd
and 3rd box, with left leg on 4rth box and right leg on 5th box, one leg on 6th box, with
left leg on 7th box and right leg on 8th box, one leg in 9th box, and two legs on 10th
box. In the 10th box you need to make pivot and repeat the process going back, making
a pause in 2nd box while getting your pucks in 1st box by bending your body down with
single leg then jumping out of the box. The next steps is throwing your pucks in 2nd box
up to 10th box and follow the same procedure in first step. If the player's pucks or her
body touches the line, it will be a turn for another player. The one to complete until 10th
box will declare winner of this game.

Rules of the game:

Care must be taken in throwing the pamato into their exact places, in hopping and in
kicking it out. The pamato and the player's foot must not touch any of the lines. Should
the pamato or the player's foot touch the line, he stops, and the other player will have
his turn.
Equipment needed: Chalk; Stone
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Balance, Coordination,
Values learned: Perseverance, Endurance. 
Name of Game: “Chinese Garter”

Mechanics of the game:

Players are divided into at least two groups, with a base number of two
individuals for every group. Amid the game, two individuals from the "it" group will fill in
as "game posts" as they remain inverse each other and hold each end of the garter.
The goal of the game at that point is to have the capacity to effectively bounce over the
garter as it is step by step held higher by the “game posts”. Much the same as in the
game ten – twenty, each group likewise has its own team leader, all the more ordinarily
known as the "Mother". Once a colleague either contacts the strap or neglects to seize
a specific level, the Mother can even now spare her group by taking her colleague's
turn. Inability to do as such will prompt the group's end by making them the new “game
posts” and will take the game back to the primary level.
Rules of the game:
The Chinese Garter game is generally subdivided into ten levels. More often than
not, notwithstanding, the players may choose for their coveted number of levels for their
game. 
Equipment needed: Garter
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Flexibility, Balance, and Coordination
Values learned: Perseverance
Name of Game: “Sungka”

Mechanics of the game:

Sungka is always played by two people. Each players fills up his seven smaller
bowls with 7 "Sigay" each.  Both players start at the same time. The object of the game
is to put as many "Sigay" as possible in the large bowl as to cause the opponent to lose
one or two of his smaller bowls in the succeeding games which means he losses. If at
the end of 15 minutes, nobody has been declared as winner, the game will be called off.
Each player counts the number of "Sigay" in the opponent's large bowl.

Rules of the game:

The rules of Sungka are unusual in that the first turn for each player is taken at the
same time and therefore the game has a real-time element to it.  Some players attempt
to gain an advantage by delaying their start in order to react to their opponent’s first
move and this is perfectly acceptable within the rules of the game. For the first turn, a
player may decide which of the seven houses directly in front of him (on his side of the
Sungka board) he wishes to begin with.  He picks up all of the shells from his chosen
bahay and he should then move his hand around the board in a clockwise-direction,
dropping one shell in each house or head he passes over, including all of the houses on
both sides of the board and the player's own head but NOT the opponent's head.

Equipment needed: Solid wood at both ends of, which are large deep bowls carved out
of the wood and PROPS Pebbles, "Sigay" or shells seeds.
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination
Values learned: Good interaction

Name of Game: “Palo- Sebo”

Mechanics of the game:

Long and straight bamboo poles are greased and polished to make them smooth
and slippery. Before they are set upright, a small bag containing the prize is tied at the
end of every pole. It usually contains money or toys. The contestants try to climb the
poles to secure the prizes.
Rules of the game:
The objective of the game is to get the bag full of prizes by climbing the bamboo
pole. A competitor is given only one chance to climb. The game ends once the prizes
are taken.
Equipment needed: 10-meter bamboo pole with a 10.16-centimeter diameter, small bag,
a prize and lard or grease.
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Endurances
Values learned: Patience, Perseverance
Name of Game: Patintero
Mechanics of the game:
Patintero is played outdoors.
The players are divided into two teams
equal number, namely the runners and the
taggers. The object of the runner is to get
through all the lines back and forth without
being tagged. PLAY AREA: The ground is
marked off in a 5 or 6 meter rectangle
divided into 4 equal parts.

Rules of the game:

1. The game is started with toss of a coin.

Whoever wins becomes the passer.

2. A time limit of two minutes is given to each team to score.

3. Once the limit elapses, the line guards assume the positions of the passer, and vice-versa.

4. Passers are supposed to cross the lines from the starting point and back.

5. Four line guards are positioned on the vertical line and one on the horizontal line of the court.
Their feet always be on the line.

6. Line guards tag the passer with powered hands.

7. If any of the passer is tagged, the line guard immediately assumes the position of passer
even if the 2-minute limit has not elapsed.

Equipment needed: C h a l k s
Scoring System:
From Entry Point From Exit Point

First line - 1 pt. Fourth line - 2 pt.

Second line - 2 pts. Third line - 3 pts.

Third line - 2 pts. Second line - 3 pts.

Fourth line - 2 pts. First line - 5 pts.

Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination and Speed

Values learned: Perseverance

Name of Game: “Culliot”

Mechanics of the game:

The game is similar to tug of war in principle. Two or more players can play this.
The purpose of a team is to pull the other team over the borderline.
Rules of the game:
1. Each team must have equal number of players.

2. The distance between team is five meters.

3. Both ends of the rope should be tied on the waist of the last player while the others
hold on to the rope.

4. A piece of ribbon or handkerchief is tied to the rope on the center line.

5. Upon signal to start, each team pulls each other.

6. The team that pulls the other over the borderline is declared as the winner.

Equipment needed: 15-meter long rope with a diameter of 3.81 centimeters. 

Scoring System: The more you pull, the more you win
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Muscular Endurance and Balance
Values learned: Perseverance

Name of Game: “Luksong Baka”

Mechanics of the game:

The baka then assumes his position at a designated “jump over” spot. On the
first level, he takes a crouching position and the rest of the players jump over him – one
after another. When all the players have jumped over, the baka raises his position a bit
higher for the next level.
Rules of the game:
  The crouching player gradually stands up as the game progresses, making it
harder for the other players to jump over them. A person becomes the it when they
touch the baka as they jump. It will repeat continuously until the players declare the
player or until the players decide to stop the game most of the time once they get tired. 
Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Balance, Coordination, and strength
Values learned: Discipline, understanding, cooperation
Name of Game: “Luksong Tinik”

Mechanics of the game:

The players are divided into two equal teams. Two players are chosen as
mothers of the teams. The rest of the players are children. The mothers are supposed
to be high jumpers, for the object of the game is for players to able to jump the height of
the hands placed one on top of the other without touching them.
Rules of the game:
  Two players on the base will sit facing each other with their right feet touching. 
The jumpers jump over the feet.  Then one hand is placed above the feet with palms
and fingers open,  then another,  and so on until all the fingers are piled one on top of 
the other.  Before an additional hand is placed all the players must have jumped over
the file.  Oftentimes,  the hand of another player is placed at the gap to prevent the
jumpers from jumping over it.  Sometimes, five hands are used and a fourth player is
called upon to fill the file of the hands. 
    When the jumpers jump over the hands without touching the hands with any
part of their body, or dress, the game is repeated and they will be the jumpers again.   If
the mother's  "children" (rest of the team)  touch the hands while jumping over them, its
is considered a "fault" (an error),  and the mother will jump for them.  But if it is the
mother who fails,  then the team will have to take the place of the team on base. 

Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Agility
Values learned: Discipline, understanding, cooperation

Name of Game: “Ubusan ng Lahi”

Mechanics of the game:

This game is played by protecting the base of each parties and not to let their
members being captured by opposing teams. Since, in order to win this game both
parties must raise who will be the first to step on/touch the base of their opposing team
to win the game.
Rules of the game:
Not necessary the whole team must step on/touch the base of their opposing team,
one is enough. Since they need to protect their base also. Now, if someone is being
captured they need to touch the hand of their member/s in order to be saved.
Equipment needed: NO

Scoring System: N/A

Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Speed, Agility

Values learned: Teamwork and Perseverance

Name of Game: ” Tagu taguan”

Mechanics of the game:

Taguan is similar to hide and seek. What is unique in Tagu-Taguan is that this
game is usually played at sunset or at night as a challenge for the  it  to locate those
who are hiding under the caves in Laguna and Cavite which is a popular site for pro
taguan players.
Rules of the game:
The it will need to find the members who are hiding. The first person to be found will be
the next it, or in short “SURVIVAL”.
Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A

Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Mind-set

Values learned: Patience

Name of Game: Hand clapping games

Mechanics of the game:

A clapping game (or hand game) is a type of usually cooperative (i.e., non-
competitive) game which is generally played by two players and involves clapping as a
rhythmic accompaniment to a singing game or reciting of a rhyme, often nursery
rhymes. Starting with the first hand clap, the first player says a name. For example, if
you chose to use animal names, the first player might say “monkey”, while the group
performs clap, slap, clap, snap. The second player's turn begins with the next clap.
Rules of the game:
Example of hand clap game is “Nanay –Tatay, Ate-Kuya”, where in the goal or
rule is not to commit mistakes.
Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Mind Coordination
Values learned: Discipline

Name of Game: “Langit lupa”

Mechanics of the game:

Langit-lupa (lit. heaven and earth) one it chases after players who are allowed to
run on level ground ("lupa") and clamber over objects ("langit"). The it may tag players
who remain on the ground, but not those who are standing in the "langit" (heaven). The
tagged player then becomes it and the game continues.
Rules of the game:
In choosing who the first it is usually a chant is sung, while pointing at the players one
by one:
Langit, lupa impyerno, im – im – impyerno (Heaven, earth, hell, he-he-hell)
Sak-sak puso tulo ang dugo (Stabbed heart, dripping in blood)
Patay, buhay, Umalis ka na sa pwesto mong mabaho ! (Dead, alive, get out of your
stinky spot ! )
When the song stops and a player is pointed at they are "out" and the last person left is
the taya or "it".
Due to cheating, some players count to 3, 4, 5 if the player that is standing in the "langit"
and can only be stopped if there is another player standing on it.

Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination , Agility
Values learned: Enjoyment and Discipline

Name of Game: “ Sipa”

Mechanics of the game:

The sipa is thrown upwards for the player toss using only the legs, particularly
the area from the foot up to just above the knee. The player must prevent
the Sipa touching the ground by hitting it several times. Each hit is counted, the player
kicking the Sipa most wins the game.
Rules of the game:
The sipa is thrown upwards for the player toss using only the legs, particularly
the area from the foot up to just above the knee.

Equipment needed:
 It is made of a washer (a metal stud, coin-like object), covered with cloth or a
bunch of rubber-bands or colourful threads attached to it, usually plastic straw.
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involvedFlexibility, Balance, Coordination
Values learned: Patience

Name of Game: “Ten-Twenty”

Mechanics of the game:

Ten-twenty is a Chinese garter game. It is a game that involves at least three
participants. This game is commonly played by girls and boys can also join this game.
In playing this game, you will need a thin garter about two yards long.
Rules of the game:
To play this game, two players must face each other from a distance with the
garter stretched around then so that they could create parallel lengths of garter between
each other. One player will do the jumping routine over the garter while reciting Ten,
Twenty, Thirty, Forty, Fifty, Sixty, Seventy, Eighty, Ninety…One Hundred! The game
gets more difficult as the level progresses. On the first level, the garter must be in the
ankle or bukong-bukong in tagalog. Second, the garter must be in the knees of the
players or on tagalog likod-tuhod. Third, the garter must be in below the pwit or under
the butt. Fourth, is in the kilikili or armpit. Close feet, side view, magic, le-eg, around the
world, tinikling and apak are some of the stages of this game. The higher the level, the
higher the height of the garter. The player who can manage to do the jumping routines
despite of the progress in level will be considered a winner.
Equipment needed: Chinese Garter
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Flexibility, Muscular Endurance
Values learned: Enjoyment and teamwork

Name of Game: “Teks”

Mechanics of the game:

Teks or teks game cards - texted game cards - Filipino children collect these

playing cards which contain comic strips and texts placed within speech balloon. They
are played by tossing them to the air until the cards hit the ground. The cards are flipped
upwards through the air using the thumb and the forefinger which creates a snapping
sound as the nail of the thumb hits the surface of the card. The winner or gainer collect
the other players' card depending on how the cards are laid out upon hitting or landing
on the ground.
Rules of the game:
Teks is a card game played by children in the Philippines. The objective of
the game is that the player makes a bet which side of the card will show after flicking or
tossing the cards in the air. Once the cards hit the ground, they are flipped upwards
through the air (using the thumb and the forefinger).

Equipment needed: Teks card

Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: N/A
Values learned: N/A

Name of Game: Bahay-Bahayan

Mechanics of the game:

This game is not limited to Filipino culture. Playing house can be seen in many
children’s games across the globe. The Filipino version is called bahay-bahayan.
Rules of the game: N/A
Equipment needed: Any materials available
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: NO
Values learned: Independence, Teamwork
Name of Game: Sawsaw Suka

Mechanics of the game:

In sawsaw suka, one of the players places his index finger in the palm of the other
player’s hand and he sings a chant. Once the chant ends, the player with the open palm
has to try to catch the index finger.
Rules of the game:
The rule of the game is whoever the last one to put his/her finger index will be the next
it.
Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: N/A
Values learned: N/A
Name of Game: Sangkayaw .

Mechanics of the game:

This game involves the use of coconut shells which are tied to strings, with one end
being held by the player’s hands. It requires two groups with 10 to 12 members each.
On signal, the first player of each team walks towards the goal line using the coconut
shells. The player returns to the starting line and then let the next player do the same.
Rules of the game:
The first team to finish the race wins while players who walk for more than 2 steps after
a fall will be disqualified.

Equipment needed: coconut shells which are tied to strings

Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Flexibility, Balance, Coordination, Agility and Speed
Values learned: Teamwork
Name of Game: Bati-Cobra.

Mechanics of the game:

To play the game, the batter tosses the shorter bamboo stick and strikes it with the
longer stick on the other hand. The other player will then try to catch the flying stick. If
he succeeds, he gets the turn to be the next batter. If not, the two players will play a
hitting game to determine the next batter.

Rules of the game:

To do this, the longer stick will be put down on the ground. The other player will then
attempt to hit the longer stick with the shorter one. If he succeeds, the hitter becomes
the next batter. Otherwise, the same batter will retain his role .
Equipment needed:
A pair of bamboo sticks (1 long, 1 short).

Scoring System: N/A

Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination
Values learned: Perseverance
Name of Game: Araw-Lilim.

Mechanics of the game:

Araw-Lilim (Day and Night/Sun and Shade) is a running game with a twist. It requires
10 or 20 people and is ideally played whenever there are light and shade (i.e. during
sunny days).

Rules of the game:

The tagger (taya) tries to touch whoever is in the light. If touched, the player becomes
the tagger in the next game. To avoid being tagged, a player can stay in the shade.
Equipment needed: N/A
Scoring System: NO
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Speed, Agility
Values learned: Enjoyment
Name of Game: Bulong Pari.

Mechanics of the game:

Bulong Pari is a whispering game popularly known in the Visayan region as
“Honghonganay“. It requires two teams with at least 10 to 20 members each. Two
people will serve as the leaders of each team while one player plays the role of the
priest who should stand at about 5 meters away from both teams (see diagram above).

The leader of Team A will approach the priest and whisper the name of one of the
members of Team B.  The priest then calls out “Lapit!” (“Approach”) to summon one
player from Team B.

Rules of the game:

If it happens to be the same person mentioned earlier by the leader of Team A, the
priest will say “Bung!” and he or she becomes a prisoner. If not, the player gets a turn to
mention the name of one of the players of Team A. The team with few or no players left
becomes the loser.

Equipment needed: N/A

Scoring System: The first team to get the word will get the points.
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Mind Focus
Values learned: Teamwork

Name of Game: Lawin at Sisiw.

Mechanics of the game:

Lawin at Sisiw (Hawk and Chickens) is one of the more familiar games on this list. But
unlike the game you grew up with, this one has a specific story.

This outdoor game requires 10 to 20 players. One will act as the hawk, another one as
the hen (or head of the chickens), while the remaining players become the chicks. The
hen together with the chickens is arranged one behind another, holding each other’s
waists while the group searches for food.

Rules of the game:

It starts with the hawk’s attempt to buy a chick from the hen. After a period of
bargaining, the hawk finally gets a chick which he will take home to help him search for
rice grains for his dinner. As the hawk falls asleep, the chick returns to the hen. As a
result, the angry hawk tries to find and catch the missing chick. The hen and all the
chickens will then prevent the hawk from catching the chick. If he fails, the game starts
again and the hawk tries to find another chicken.

Equipment needed: NO

Scoring System: NO
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination,
Values learned: Teamwork

Name of Game: HOLEN

Mechanics of the game:

This game is where players should hold the ball called holen in their hand then throw it
to hit the players ball out of the playing area. Holen is called marble in USA. It is played
a more precise way by tucking the marble with the player's third finger, the thumb under
the marble, the fourth finger used as to stable the marble. 
Rules of the game:
They aim at grouped marbles inside a circle and flick the marble from their fingers, and
anything they hit out of the circle is theirs. Whoever obtained the most marbles wins the
game. Players (manlalaro) can also win the game by eliminating their opponents by
aiming and hitting his marble. Players need to be very accurate to win.
Equipment needed: Marbles/”Holen”
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: Coordination
Values learned: Patience, Perseverance
Name of Game: PITIK BULAG

Mechanics of the game:

This game involves 2 players. One covers his eyes with a hand while the other flicks a
finger (pitik) over the hand covering the eyes. The person with the covered eyes gives a
number with his hand the same time the other does. If their numbers are the same, then
they exchange roles in the game. 

Rules of the game:

Another version of this is that the blind (bulag) will try to guess the finger that the other
person used to flick them.

Equipment needed: NO
Scoring System: N/A
Physical Fitness Component/s involved: NO
Values learned: Patience

SPORTS IN
THE
PHILIPPINES
SPORTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
(include the definition of Sport)
Name of Sport: (ex: Arnis)

(Provide picture)

Definition of Sport:
Equipment/Facilities:
Mechanics/Rules:
Scoring System:
Famous Athlete/Player/Team: (include short biography or background)
References

https://learnersdictionary.com/qa/What-Is-the-Difference-
between-Games-and-Sports
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_games_in_the_Philip
pines
https://www.jstor.org/stable/659313
http://www.visayans.org/traditional-filipino-games-laro-ng-
lahi
https://prezi.com/b-vsow_ncvtq/mga-laro-ng-lahi/