Asm 48 PDF

G.D.
GOENKA PUBLIC SCHOOL

SECTOR-22, ROHINI
Class XII (2019-20)
HOLIDAYS HOME WORK, ASSIGNMENTS & PROJECTS
(ECONOMICS)
Each student will complete the project in summer vacations . Project should be
of 3,500-4,000 words (excluding diagrams & graphs), preferably hand-written . It
will be an independent, self-directed piece of study
Mode of presentation/submission of the Project:
Each student will present the research work in the Project File
Scope of the project: Learners may work upon the following lines:
 Choose a title/topic
 Collection of the research material/data
 Organization of material/data Present material/data
 Analysing the material/data for conclusion
 Draw the relevant conclusion Presentation of the Project Work
Expected Checklist:
 Introduction of topic/title
 Identifying the causes, consequences and/or remedies
 Various stakeholders and effect on each of them
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 Advantages and disadvantages of situations or issues identified
 Short-term and long-term implications of economic strategies suggested in the

course of research
 Validity, reliability, appropriateness and relevance of data used for research

work and for presentation in the project file
 Presentation and writing that is succinct and coherent in project file
 Citation of the materials referred to, in the file in footnotes, resources section,
bibliography etc.
Suggestive List of Projects: Class XII
 Food Supply Channel in India
 Contemporary Employment situation in India
 Disinvestment policy of the government
 Goods and Services Tax Act and its Impact on GDP
 Health Expenditure (of any state)
 Human Development Index
 Inclusive Growth Strategy
 Self-help group
 Trends in Credit availability in India
 Monetary policy committee and its functions
 Role of RBI in Control of Credit
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 Government Budget & its Components
 Trends in budgetary condition of India
 Exchange Rate determination – Methods and Techniques
 Currency War – reasons and repercussions
 Livestock – Backbone of Rural India  Alternate fuel – types and importance
 Sarwa Siksha Abhiyan – Cost Ratio Benefits
 Golden Quadrilateral- Cost ratio benefit
 Minimum Support Prices
 Relation between Stock Price Index and Economic Health of Nation
 Waste Management in India – Need of the hour
 Minimum Wage Rate – approach and Application
 Digital India- Step towards the future
 Rain Water Harvesting – a solution to water crises
 Vertical Farming – an alternate way
 Silk Route- Revival of the past
 Make in India – The way ahead
 Bumper Production- Boon or Bane for the farmer
 Rise of Concrete Jungle- Trend Analysis
 Organic Farming – Back to the Nature
 Any other newspaper article and its evaluation on basis of economic principles
 Any other topic
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Accountancy
(1) Comprehensive Project : Case Studies allotted group wise in the
class have to be done in A 4 size sheets in the project file. The
students have to frame Journal entries for all the transactions given,
then post them into Ledgers, make the Trial Balance, Trading Profit
and Loss Account and Balance Sheet. Finally the results of the
operations are to be analysed by computing different ratios and
compared with the industry standard as instructed in the class.
(2) Complete assignments uploaded in the Entab software for

chapters 2 to 6.
Chapter: 2, Fundamentals of Partnership and 3 Goodwill, 4 Change

in Ratio and 5 Admission of a Partner
Q:1 A, B and C started a firm on 1st Oct, 2017 sharing profits equally. A
drew regularly Rs 4,000 in the beginning of every month for the six months
ended 31stMarch, 2018. B drew regularly Rs 4,000 at the end of every
month for the six months 31st March 2018. C drew regularly Rs 4,000 in the
middle of every month for the six months ended 31st March, 2018.
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Calculate interest on drawings @ 5%p.a for the period ending 31 st March
2018.
Q:2 A, B and C are partners in a firm. Though there is no provision in the
Partnership Deed for interest on capital, this has been provided to the
accounts @5% p.a for the two years ended 31st March, 2017 and
31st March 2018. Their fixed capitals on which interest was calculated
throughout were A Rs 50,000 B Rs 40,000 and C Rs 30,000. During the
two years they shared profits as follows:
2016-17 5:3:2.
2017-18 2:2:1
You are required to pass an adjustment entry as at 1st April, 2018.
Q:3 The capitals of X, Y and Z as on 31st March 2018 amounted to Rs
1,50,000 Rs 5,50,000 and Rs 11,00,000 resp. the profits amounting to Rs
3,00,000 for the year 2017-18 were distributed in the ratio of 4:1:1 after
allowing interest on capital @ 10% pa. During the year each partner
withdrew Rs 50,000 per month in the beginning of each month. The
Partnership Deed was silent as to profit sharing ratio and interest on
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drawings but provided for interest on capital @ 12% pa. Pas adjustment
entry.
Q:4 A, B and C started business on July 1 2015. You find that:
i) A drew Rs 8,000 in the beginning of every month for 9 months
ending 31stMarch 2016.
ii) B drew Rs 8,000 at the end of every month for 9 months ending
31stMarch 2016.
iii) C drew Rs 8,000 every month for 9 months ending 31st March 2016.
Calculate interest on drawings @ 10% p.a.
Q:5 A and B are partners sharing the profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2
with capitals of Rs 2,00,000 and Rs 1,00,000 resp. Show the
distribution of profits in the following cases:
i) If the partnership deed is silent as to interest on capital and the
profits for the year are Rs 50,000.
ii) If the partnership deed provides for interest on capital @ 8% p.a.
and the losses for the year are Rs 50,000.
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iii) If the partnership deed provides for interest on capital @ 8% p.a.
and the profits for the year are Rs 50,000.
iv) If the partnership deed provides for interest on capital @ 8% p.a.
and the losses for the year are Rs 15,000.
v) If the partnership deed provides for interest on capital @ 8% p.a.
even if it involves the firm in losses and the profit for the year are Rs
15,000.
Q:6 A and B entered into partnership with capitals of Rs4,00,000 and Rs
2,00,000 resp and agreed to share profits and losses in the ratio of
3:2. Their partnership deed provides that interest on capital shall be
allowed at 6% p.a. and it is to be treated as a charge against profits.
Prepare the relevant account to allocate the profit in the following
cases:
i) Profit for the year is Rs 80,000.
ii) Profit for the year is Rs 20,000.
iii) Loss for the year is Rs 20,000.
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Q:7 Shikha and Fatima were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of
5:3. Their fixed capitals on 1.4.2017 were : Shikha Rs 3,00,000 and Fatima
Rs 4,00,000. They agreed to allow interest on capital @ 12% p.a and to
charge on drawings @ 15% p.a. The profit of the firm for the year ended
31.3.2018 before all above adjustments were Rs 63,000. The drawings
made by Shikha were Rs 10,000 and by Fatima Rs 20,000 during the year.
Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation A/c. The interest on capital will be
allowed even if the firm incurs a loss.
Q:8 A, B and C started a business in partnership. A contributes Rs 50,000
for the whole year. B introduces Rs 40,000 at first and increased it to Rs
46,000 at the end of four months but withdraws Rs 16,000 at the end of
9 months. C invests Rs 80,000 at first but withdraws Rs 20,000 at the end
of 5 months.
Firm earned a profit of Rs 23,750 during the year. You are required to show
the division of profits on the basis of the effective capital employed by each
partner during the year.
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Q:9 X, Y and Z are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2:1.
After the final accounts have been prepared, it was discovered that interest
on drawings had not been taken into consideration. The interest on drawing
of partners amounted to Rs X Rs 2,550, Y Rs 1,850 and Z Rs 1,000. Give
the necessary adjusting journal entry.
Q:10 R and S were partners in a firm sharing profits in 3:2 ratio. Their resp
fixed capitals were Rs 10,00,000 and Rs 15,00,000. The partnership deed
provides the following:
i) Interest on capital @ 10% p.a.
ii) Interest on drawings @ 12% p.a.
During the year ended 31.3.2016, R’s drawings were Rs 10,000 per month
drawn at the end of every month and S’s drawings were Rs 20,000 per
month drawn in the beginning of every month. After the preparation of final
accounts for the year ended 31.3.2016 it was discovered that interest on
R’s drawings was not taken into consideration.
Calculate interest on R’s drawings and give necessary adjusting entry for
the same.
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Q:11 Praveen, Sahil and Riya are partners having fixed capitals of Rs
2,00,000, Rs 1,60,000 and Rs 1,20,000 respectively. They share profits in
the ratio of 3:1:1. The Partnership Deed provided for the following which
were not recorded in the books:
i) Interest on Capital @5% p.a.
ii) Salary to Praveen Rs 1,500 p.m. and to Riya Rs 1,000 p.m.
iii) Transfer of profit to General Reserve Rs 10,000. Net profit for the
year ended 31st March, 2015 distributed among the partners was
Rs1,00,000.Pass necessary rectifying entry for the above adjustments in
the books of the firm.
Also show your working clearly.
Q:12 The partners of a firm distributed the profits for the year ended
31st March, 2016, Rs 90,000 in the ratio of 3:2:1 without providing for the
following adjustments :
i) A and B were entitled to a salary of Rs 1,500 each per annum.
ii) B was entitled to a commission of Rs 4,500.
iii) B and C had guaranteed a minimum profit of Rs 35,000 p.a. to A.
iv) Profits were to be shared in the ratio of 3:3:2.
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Pass necessary journal entry for the above adjustments in the book of the
firm.
Q13. PK, MK and NK shared profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. The profits of the
last three years were Rs.2,80,000, Rs.1,68,000 and Rs.2,12,000
respectively. These profits were by mistake, shared equally for all the three
years. It is now decided to correct the error. Give entry
A partnership firm earned net profits during the last three years as follows:
Years Profit
2007-08 38,000
2008-09 44,000
2009-10 50,000
The Capital Employed in the firm throughout the above mentioned period
has been Rs.80,000. Having regard to the risk involved, 15% is considered
to be a fair return on the capital. The remuneration of all the partners during
this period is estimated to be Rs.20,000 per annum. Calculate the value of
goodwill on the basis of (i) Two years purchase of super profits earned on
average basis during the above mentioned three years and (ii)
Capitalization method.
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Chapter Admission of a Partner
Q:1 Why should a new partner contribute for goodwill?
Q:2 A, B and C are in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of
5:4:1 resp. Two new partners D and E are admitted. Profits are now to be
shared in the ratio of 3:4:2:2:1 resp. D is to pay Rs 30,000 for his share of
goodwill but E has insufficient cash to pay for goodwill. Both the new
partners introduced Rs 40,000 each as their capital. Pass necessary journal
entries.
Q:3 A & B are partners in a firm. They admit C as a partner with 1/4 th share
in the profits of the firm. C brings Rs 2,00,000 as his share of capital. Value
of Assets is Rs 5,40,000 and outside liabilities are valued at Rs 1,00,000
on that date. Give journal entries.
Q:4 Balance Sheet of X, and Y who share profits and losses in the ratio of
3:2 as at 31-3-2015 was:
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Liabilities Rs Assets Rs
Creditors 1,00,000 Bank 10,000
Reserve 60,000 Debtors 50,000
P& L A/c 25,000 Stock 70,000
X’s Capital 48,000 Furniture 20,000
Y’s Capital 32,000 Plant & Machinery 1,00,000
Advertisement Expenditure 15,000
2,65,000 2,65,000
They admit Z as a partner from 1st April, 2015 with 1/5th share in the
profits of the firm. Z brings in Rs 50,000 as his capital. Give Journal entry
for adjustment of goodwill.
Q:5 A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the
ratio of 3:1:1. On 1st April, 2015, their Balance Sheet stood as:
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Creditors 1,00,000 Current Assets 1,18,000
General Reserve 25,000 Machinery 50,000
P& L A/c 35,000 Investment(
A’s Capital 1,00,000 market value Rs 30,000
B’s Capital 30,000 28,000) 10,000
C’s Capital 20,000 Furniture 1,50,000
Invt Fluctuation 20,000 Land & Building 25,000
Reserve Workmen Advertisement
Compensation Reserve 23,000 Expenditure
Employees Provident 30,000
Fund
3,83,000 3,83,000
They admitted D into partnership for 1/5th share of profits on the above
date. A claim on account of workmen compensation is estimated at Rs
13,000 only.
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Q:6 A is admitted as a partner in ABC & Co, a partnership firm of B & C.
The firm has reserves of Rs 75,000 and accumulated profits of Rs
1,00,000. At the time of admission, accountant distributed the reserves
and accumulated profits to B and C in their profit sharing ratio. B was of
the opinion that they should not be distributed because
i) There is no legal requirement
ii) Even if they are not distributed then also they will remain in the
business and can be distributed whenever required at the time of
retirement/death of the partner.
Do you agree? Give reasons.
Q:7 Murari and Vohra were partners in a firm with capitals of Rs 1,20,000
and Rs 1,60,000 resp. On 1st April,2015 they admitted Yadav as a partner
for 1/4th share of goodwill.
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On that date the creditors of the firm were Rs 60,000 and Bank overdraft
was Rs 15,000. Their assets apart from cash included stock Rs 10,000;
debtors Rs 40,000; Plant Rs 80,000; Land & Building Rs 2,00,000. It was
agreed that stock should be depreciated by Rs 2,000; Plant by 20%,
Rs 5,000 should be written as bad debt and land & building be
appreciated by 25%.
Prepare Revaluation A/c, Capital A/cs and the Balance Sheet of the new
firm.
Q: 8 Balance Sheet had Investment Fluctuation reserve of Rs 20,000.
New partner is admitted. Value of investments is Rs 60,000 against its
book value of Rs 80,000. What amount of Investment Fluctuation Reserve
will be distributed among partners.
Q:9 A and B are partners in a firm. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March,
2015 was:
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Creditors 30,000 Cash 10,000
Outstanding 3,000 Machinery 38,600
expenses Debtors 80,000
50,000 Stock 20,000

A’s Capital 60,000 Profit & Loss A/c 4,000
B’s Capital
4,000
Provision for
doubtful debts 5,600

Workmen
Compensation
Reserve
1,52,600 1,52,600
======== ==========
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On 1st April, 2015, they admitted C as a new partner on the following
conditions:
i) C brings in Rs 40,000 as his share of capital but he is unable to
bring any amount for goodwill.
ii) The new ratio between A, B and C will be 3:2:1.
iii) Claim on account of workmen compensation is Rs 3,000.
iv) To write off bad debts amounting to Rs 6,000.
v) Creditors are to be paid Rs 2,000 more.
vi) Rs 2,000 be provided for an unforeseen liability.
vii) Outstanding expenses be brought down to Rs 1,200.
viii) Goodwill is valued at 1-1/2years purchase of average profits of last
three years, less Rs 12,000. The profits of last three years were Rs
10,000; 20,000; 30,000 resp.
Prepare Revaluation A/c, Capital A/c and the new Balance Sheet.
Q:10 X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. The
remaining capitals of X and Y after adjustments are Rs 80,000 and 60,000
resp. They admit Z as a partner on his contribution of Rs 35,000 as capital
for 1/5th share to be acquired equally from both X and Y. The Capitals of
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the old partners are to be adjusted on the basis of the proportion of Z’s
capital to his share in the business. Calculate the amount of actual cash to
be paid off or brought in bt the old partners for the purpose.
Q:11 A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1 . they
admitted K as a new partner for 3/8th share . The new ratio will be 3:2:3. K
brought rs 2,00,000 for his capital and Rs 50,000 for his share of goodwill.
Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2015 was:
Creditors 60,000 Cash 90,000
Outstanding expenses 20,000 Machinery 2,10,000
Debtors 80,000
A’s Capital 4,00,000 Stock 1,50,000
B’s 1,00,00 Furniture 50,000
Capital
5,80,000 5,80,000
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On 1st April, 2015, they admitted C as a new partner on the following
conditions:
i) Stock to be valued at Rs 2,00,000.
ii) Machinery will be depreciated by 12% and furniture by Rs 2,000.
iii) A provision of 5% for bad and doubtful debts will be made on
debtors.
iv) The Capitals Accounts of all the partners were adjusted in the
New ratio after admission. For surplus or deficiency, the Current Accounts
were to be opened.
Prepare Revaluation Account, partner’s Capital A/c and the Balance
Sheets.
Q:12 Why is there a need to revalue assets and liabilities at the time of
admission of a partner?
Q:13 The Capitals of A and B were Rs 1,00,000 and Rs 2,00,000. A new
partner, C is admitted for 1/5th share. At that time Reserves existed in the
books at Rs 40,000 and Revaluation profit was Rs 30,000. C brought Rs
10,000 for his share of goodwill premium. C has to bring in proportionate
capital. Calculate C’s Capital.
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books at Rs 40,000 and Revaluation profit was Rs 30,000. C is unable to
bring his share of goodwill premium of Rs 10,000.
Calculate the total amount C will bring to become a partner and pass
necessary entries.
books at Rs 40,000 and Revaluation loss was Rs 30,000. C brought Rs
1,80,000 for capital but is unable to bring his share of goodwill premium of
Rs 10,000.
Pass necessary journal entries at the C’s admission if capitals of the
partners is to be adjusted on the basis of C’s proportionate capital
contribution.
Q:16 Capitals of A, B and C as on 31-3-2015 were 36,000;44,000 and
52,000 resp. Goodwill appeared in the Balance Sheet at Rs 20,000 and
P&L A/c credit balance was Rs 14,000. Revaluation loss amounted to Rs
11,100. D brings in Rs 36,000 towards 1/6th share and partners to readjust
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their capital accounts on the basis of their profit sharing ratio. D is not in a
position to bring in any amount for his share of goodwill. The adjustment
of excess or deficit capital is to be made through Current accounts.
Pass the entry/entries regarding adjustment of capitals.
BUSINESS STUDIES
Do any one of the following two projects:
I. Project One: Principles of Management
The students are required to visit any one of the following:
1. A departmental store.
2. An Industrial unit.
3. A fast food outlet.
4. Any other organisation approved by the teacher. They are

required to observe the application of the general Principles of
management advocated by Fayol.
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OR
They may enquire into the application of scientific management

techniques by F.W. Taylor in the unit visited. Scientific techniques of
management. 1. Functional foremanship. 2. Standardisation and
simplification of work. 3. Method study. 4. Motion Study. 5. Time
Study. 6. Fatigue Study 7. Differential piece rate plan
II. Project Two: Marketing Management
A) Toothpaste 2. Noodles 3. Shampoo 4. Bathing soap 5. Washing

detergent 6. Washing powder 7. Lipstick 8. Moisturiser 9. Shoe polish
10. Pen 11. Shoes 12. Hair dye 13. Mobile 14. Chocolate 15.
Sauces/ketchup 16. Ready soups 17. Body spray 18. Fairness cream
19. Hair oil 20. Roasted Snacks 21. Jeans, etc.
B) Now the students are required to make a project on the
identified product/service keeping in mind the following.
1. Why have they selected this product/service?
2. Find out ‘5’ competitive brands that exist in the market.
3. What permission and licences would be required to make the
product?
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4. What are your competitors Unique Selling Proposition. [U.S.P.]?

5. Does your product have any range give details?
6. What is the name of your product?
7. Enlist its features.
8. Draw the ‘Label’ of your product.
9. Draw a logo for your product.
10. Draft a tag line.
11. What is the selling price of your competitor’s product?
(i) Selling price to consumer
(ii) Selling price to retailer (iii) Selling price to wholesaler
What is the profit margin in percentage to the Manufacturer.
Wholesaler. Retailer.
12. How will your product be packaged?
13. Which channel of distribution are you going to use? Give reasons
for selection?
14. Decisions related to warehousing, state reasons.
15. What is going to be your selling price? (i) To consumer (ii) To
retailer (iii) To wholesaler
16. List 5 ways of promoting your product.
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17. Any schemes for (i) The wholesaler (ii) The retailer (iii) The
consumer
18. What is going to be your ‘U.S.P?
19. What means of transport you will use and why?
20. Draft a social message for your label.
21. What cost effective techniques will you follow for your product.
22. What cost effective techniques will you follow for your
promotion plan.
On the basis of the work done by the students the project report
should include the following: 1. Type of product /service identified
and the (consumer/industries) process involve therein.
2. Brand name and the product.
3. Range of the product.
4. Identification mark or logo.
5. Tagline.
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6. Labelling and packaging.
7. Price of the product and basis of price fixation.
8. Selected channels of distribution and reasons thereof.
9. Decisions related to transportation and warehousing. State
reasons.
10. Promotional techniques used and starting reasons for deciding
the particular technique.
11. Grading and standardization. Presentation and Submission of
Project Report At the end of the stipulated term, each student will
prepare and submit his/her project report
Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation
and submission.
1. The total length of the project will be of 25 to 30 pages.
2. The project should be handwritten.
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Entrepreneurship
Introduction:
The main objective of the course in Entrepreneurship is to generate
among students the initiative, creativity, self-reliance and enthusiasm
so as to empower them to become entrepreneurs, both in spirit and
performance. A number of skills such as observation, evaluation,
communication, resource mobilization and management, risk
assessment, teams building etc. are also to be developed in the students.
Leadership qualities, sensitivity to business ethics and adherence to a
positive value system are the core disciplines that the course highlights
while presenting different concepts related to entrepreneurship. Such a
course should necessarily have a strong experiential component in the
form of practical work. The objectives of the practical work for
students are:
1. To introduce them to the world of business by developing in them

the core skills and competencies required for an entrepreneur.
2. To develop qualities such as leadership, confidence, initiative, facing
uncertainties, commitment, creativity, people and team building,
integrity and reliability.
3. To acquire the skills and knowledge needed for conducting surveys,
collecting, recording and interpreting data and preparing simple
estimates of demand for products and services.
4. To prepare a Project Report.
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5. To equip themselves with the knowledge and skills needed to plan

and manage an enterprise through case studies, conducted and recorded
by the students in different fields such as resource assessment, market
dynamics, finance management, cost determination, calculation of
profit and loss etc.
6. To instill important values and entrepreneurial discipline.
Project I: Market Survey

Choose any ONE of the following Surveys:
(a) Survey 1:
A Simple market research with the objective of estimating the demand for an existing
product in the market and also gives innovative suggestion for the product
improvement.
(b) Survey 2:
Conduct a survey for a NEW INNOVATIVE product
c) Survey 3:
Conduct a survey for a study on:
o Smoking habits
o Skill trading option in an economically backward neighbourhood
o Wearing helmets
o Attitudes of road users
o Conservation of electricity
o Re-harvesting of rain water
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Project II: Business Plan

o The project is to be done individually by students.
o Only white inter-leaf sheets are to be used. Please avoid using coloured sheets except
for the title pages.
o The total length of the projects will be at least 25-30 pages each.
o The projects should be presented in a neat folder.
o The projects must be neat and well presented and must be completely hand-written. No
whiteners to be used or written matter to be crossed out. In case of any mistakes, redo the
sheet.
o Do not number sheets or write dates unless so instructed by your teacher.
o Colour graphs and pie charts (if it is relevant for any aspect of your project) to make
them look attractive.
Profile of the Organization
Write about the product/service you have chosen:

1. Give details about
a. The features of your product
Ensure that you have highlighted the innovation that you have introduced.
b. The target market of your product
This includes who buys the product or service. Give some details about them that
may cover aspects such as where do they live, what income levels are in the market,
what is the age pattern in the market,
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Answers to these questions help identify target markets, specific products or

services and advertising efforts. Use demographic characteristics to identify
customers. Demographics include age, gender, income, race, marital status,
education, occupation, home ownership, number in the household and age of the
home.
c. The competitive brands
Try to identify 5 competitive brands and their compare them with your product.
One sample is given below. You can add or delete basis of comparison.
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PHYSICS
 Assignment has to be done in register.
 Complete Physics practical file as per discussion in the class.
 Complete Investigatory project file as per discussion in the class.
 Prepare for Weekly test II
BIOLOGY
 Assignment has to be done in register
 Chapter - Biotechnology – Principles and Processes
 Complete Biology practical file as per discussion in the class.
 Complete Investigatory project file except readings/observations
 Prepare for Weekly test II
(1 Mark)
1. What does Hin’‘d’ and ‘III’ refer to in the enzyme Hind III?
2. State what happens when an alien gene is ligated at Sal site of
pBR322 plasmid?
3. Why is it essential to have a selectable marker in a cloning vector?
4. In the year 1963, two enzymes responsible for restricting the
growth of bacteriophage in E.coli were isolated. How did the
enzymes act to restrict the growth of bacteriophage?
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5. Why is it not possible for an alien DNA to become part of a

chromosome anywhere along its length and replicates normally?
6. Some enzymes are considered as molecular scissors. in genetic
engineering. What is the name assigned to such enzymes?
7. Restriction enzymes should not have more than one site of action
in the cloning site of a vector. Comment.
8. Why a cell must be made competent to take up DNA? What does
‘competent’ refer to in competent cells used in transformation
experiments? Explain the steps by which a bacterial cell made
competent to take up plasmid/rDNA.
9. Besides better aeration and mixing properties, what other
advantages do stir tank bioreactors have over shake flasks?
(2, 3Marks)
10. Describe briefly the followings:
(a) Origin of replication
(b) Bioreactors
(c) Downstream processing
11. Explain with the help of suitable example the naming of restriction
endonuclease.
12. Explain the work carried out by Cohen and Boyer that contributed
immensely in biotechnology.
13. (a) A recombinant vector with a gene of interest inserted within the
gene of alpha-galactosidase enzyme is introduced into a bacterium.
Explain the method that would help in selection of recombinants
from non-recombinant colonies.
(b)Why is this method of selection referred to as insertional
inactivation?
14. List key tools used in recombinant DNA technology.
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15. How are recombinant vectors created? Why is only one type of
restriction endonuclease required for creating one recombinant
vector?
16. (a) Illustrate the recognition sequence of EcoRI and mention what
such sequences are called?
(b) How does restriction endonuclease act on DNA molecule?
17. Study the diagram given below and answer the following questions:
(
(a) Why have DNA fragments in band D moved farther away in
comparison to those in band C?
(b) Identify the anode end in the diagram. Why do DNA fragments
move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis?
(c) How are these DNA fragments visualized?
18. How does a restriction endonuclease function? Explain.
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19. Study the linking of DNA fragments shown below:
(a) Name A DNA and B DNA.

(b) Name the restriction enzyme that recognizes this palindrome.
(c) Name the enzyme that can link these two DNA fragments.
20. How are sticky ends formed on a DNA strand? Why are they called
so?
21. Write the role of ‘ori’ and ‘restriction site’ in a cloning vector
pBR322.
22. State how has Agrobacterium tumifaciens been made a useful
cloning vector to transfer DNA to plant cells?
23. Draw a schematic sketch of pBR322 plasmid and label the
following in it:
(a) Any two restriction sites
(b) Ori and rop genes
(c) An antibiotic resistant gene
25. Explain briefly
(a) PCR
(b) Restriction enzymes and DNA1
(c) Chitinase
26. Distinguish between

(a) Plasmid DNA and Chromosomal DNA
(b) RNA and DNA
(c) Exonuclease and Endonuclease
27. What modification is done on the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium
tumefaciens to convert it into a cloning vector?
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28. Name and describe the technique that helps in separating the DNA
fragments formed by the use of restriction endonuclease.
29. A plasmid without a selectable marker was chosen as vector for

cloning a gene. How does this affect the experiment?
30. What would happen when one grows a recombinant bacterium in a

bioreactor but forget to add antibiotic to the medium in which the
recombinant is growing?
31. Explain the importance of : (5Marks)
(i) Ori (ii) ampR (iii) rop in the E.coli vector .
32. For selection of recombinants, insertional inactivation of antibiotic

marker has been superceded by insertional inactivation of a marker
gene coding for a chromogenic substrate. Give reasons.
33. Describe the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in transforming a

plant cell.
34. A selectable marker is used in the section of recombinants on the

basis of their ability to produce colour in presence of chromogenic
substrate.
(a) Mention the name of mechanism involved.
(b) Which enzyme is involved in production of colour?
(c) How is it advantageous over using antibiotic resistant gene
as a selectable marker.
35. Describe the process of DNA Recombination in detail with help of

diagram.
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CHEMISTRY
 Complete practical files and project files and submit on July 1,2019.
 Practice NCERT Questions of the topics covered.
 Following are the assignments of Ch-Solution and Ch-Aldehydes,Ketones and
Carboxylic acids.
 Assignments to be done in the assignment sheets and to be submitted on
July1,2019.
ASSIGNMENT (CHEMISTRY)
CHAPTER 2 : SOLUTIONS
1. State the condition resulting in reverse osmosis.
2. Two liquids A and B boil at 145oC and 190oC respectively. Which of them has
a higher vapour pressure at 80oC?
3. Of 0.1 molal solutions of glucose and sodium chloride respectively, which
one will have a higher boiling point?
4. Give reason when 30 ml of ethyl alcohol and 30 ml of water are mixed, the
volume of resulting solution is more than 60 ml.
5. When does Raoult’s Law become special case of Henry’s law? What does
pA>poAxA indicate?
6. When outer shell of two eggs are removed, one of the eggs is placed in pure
water and other is placed in saturated solution of NaCl, what will be
observed and why?
7. Why is benzene insoluble in water but soluble in toluene?
8. Explain with a suitable diagram and appropriate examples why some non-
ideal solutions show positive deviation from ideal behaviour.
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9. Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 7 g of dissolved protein per 100

cm3 of the solution is 20 mm Hg at 310 K. Calculate the molar mass of
protein. [R=0.082 L atm K-1 mol-1]
Ans. 67699 g mol-1
10. The boiling point of a solution of urea in water is 100.13oC. Calculate the
freezing point of solution. (Kf and Kb for water are 1.86 K/m and 0.52 K/m
respectively).
Ans. 272.535 K
11. Why is a person suffering from high blood pressure is advised to take
minimum quantity of salt?
12. A solution containing 0.5126 g naphthalene ( molar mass = 128 g mol-1) in 50
g of CCl4 yields a boiling point of elevation of 0.402oC while a solution of
0.6216 g of an unknown solute in the same weight of the same solvent gives
a boiling point elevation of 0.647oC. Find the molecular mass of the unknown
solute. Ans. 96.46 gmol -1
13. Calculate the freezing point of an aqueous solution containing 10.50g of
MgBr2 in 200g of water. (Molar mass of MgBr2 = 184, kf for water = 1.86 K Kg
mol-1) Ans. -1.59OC
14. Cutting onions taken from the fridge is more comfortable than cutting onions
lying at room temperature. Explain why.
15. A solution containing 15g urea (M.M.=60gmol-1) per litre of solution in water
has the same osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose
(M.M.=180gmol-1) in water. Calculate the mass of glucose present in one litre
of the solution. (Ans.45g)
16. Addition of a compound to 50 mL of benzene (density 0.879gmL-1) lowers
the freezing point from 5.51OC to 5.03OC. Kf for benzene is 5.12 KKgmol-1,
calculate the molar mass of the compound.
Ans. 156.06u
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17. A 0.1539 molal solution of cane sugar has a freezing point of 271 K. What
will be the freezing point of aqueous solution containing 5g of glucose per
100g of solution. (Ans.269.09K)
Ch-12: Aldehydes,Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

1. What do you mean by Schiff’s base. Give an example.
2. Name an aldehyde which does not give Fehling’s test.
3. Name the products formed on oxidation of 2,5-dimethylhexan-3-one.
4. Give chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds
(i) Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(ii) Ethanal and Propanal
(iii) Propanal and Propanone
(iv) Phenol and Benzoic acid
(v) Benzoic acid and Methyl benzoate
5. Complete the following reactions by identifying A, B and C
Pd/BaSO4
(i) A +H2(g) (CH3)2CHCHO
(ii) CH3C(CH3)2COCH3 + NaOI B+C

6. Account for the following:
(i) ClCH2COOH is a stronger acid than CH3COOH.
(ii) Carboxylic acids do not give reactions of carbonyl group.
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MATHEMATICS
TASK I : Practice Sheet
TASK 2 : Math Lab Activities
TASK I : Practice Sheet (to be done on separate sheets)
Matrices and Determinants
Q.1 Using both row as well as column transformation find the inverse of
following matrices:
é 3 -3 4 ù é 3 -1 -2 ù
ê ú ê ú
(i) ê 2 -3 4 ú (ii) ê 2 0 -1 ú
ê 0 -1 1 ú ê 3 -5 0 ú
ë û ë û
é 1 2 2 ù
ê ú
Q.2 If A = ê 2 1 2 ú, verify that A2-4A-5I =0. Hence find A-1.
ê 2 2 1 ú
ë û
Q.3 Prove by using the properties of determinants:
(x +1)(x + 2) x + 2 1 p 2 + 2 p 2 p +1 1
(i) (x + 2)(x + 3) x + 3 1 = -2 (ii) 2 p +1 p+2 1 = ( p -1)3
(x + 3)(x + 4) x + 4 1 3 3 1
(b + c)2 a2 bc
(iii) (c + a)2 b2 ca = (a - b)(b - c)(c - a)(a + b + c)(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
(a + b)2 c2 ab
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Q.4 If A is a square matrix of order 3X3 with A = 3 then find:
(i) 5A (ii) A.adjA (iii) adjA
(iv) 2AB (v)find k if 4A = k A (vi) AT
é 3 -1 1 ù é 1 2 -2 ù
ê ú ê ú
Q.5 If A-1= ê -15 6 -5 ú and B = ê -1 3 0 ú then find (AB) .
-1
ê 5 -2 2 ú ê 0 -2 1 ú
ë û ë û
é 4 1 2 ù
ê ú
Q.6 If A = ê -5 -3 3 ú, find A-1 and hence solve the following
ê -11 1 -7 ú
ë û
system of equations: 4x-5y-11z = 12, x-3y+z =1, 2x+3y-7 = 2.
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Q. 7 Prove that:
(i) cot −1 7+cot −1 8 + cot −1 18 = cot −1 3
3 17 𝜋
(ii) 2sin−1 5 - tan−1 31 = 4
𝜋 1
(iii)cot −1 [𝑥 + √1 + 𝑥 2 ] = − tan−1 𝑥
4 2
𝑥− 𝑥 −1
(iv) cos −1 [𝑥+ 𝑥 −1 ] = 2 cot −1 𝑥
(v) sin−1(𝑥√1 − 𝑥 − √𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2 ) = sin−1 𝑥 − sin−1 √𝑥
1−𝑥 1−𝑦 𝑦−𝑥
(vi) tan−1 1+𝑥 - tan−1 1+𝑦 = sin−1 2 2 √1+ 𝑥 √1+ 𝑦
Q.8 Solve for x :
8
(i) tan−1 (𝑥 + 2) + tan−1 (𝑥 − 2) = tan−1 79 ,𝑥 > 0
2𝑥 1−𝑥 2 2𝜋
(ii) tan−1{1− 𝑥 2 } + cot −1{ }= ,𝑥 > 0
2𝑥 3
3
(iii)cos (tan−1 𝑥) = sin (cot −1 4)
(iv)sin−1 𝑥 + sin−1(1 − 𝑥) = cos−1 𝑥
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𝑥 𝑦 𝑥2 2𝑥𝑦 𝑦2
Q.9 If cos−1 𝑎 + cos−1 𝑏 = 𝜃 , Prove that 𝑎2 − cos 𝜃 + 𝑏2 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃.
𝑎𝑏
1
−1 {sin(cot −1 𝑥2+ 1 2
Q.10 Prove that cos[tan 𝑥)}] = (𝑥 2 + 2)
−1 2
Q.11 Find : sin (2 tan ) + cos(tan−1 √3)
3
Continuity and Differentiability
𝑑𝑦
Q.12 Find 𝑑𝑥 if
5𝑥
(i) y = tan−1 1−6 𝑥2
𝑥2+ 1
(ii)y = sec −1 (𝑥 2 − 1)
1−𝑥
(iii) y = sin [2 tan−1 √1+𝑥]
2𝑥−3 √1− 𝑥2
(iv) y = cos −1 { }
√13
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 √1− 𝑦 6
Q. 13 If √1 − 𝑥 6 + √1 − 𝑦 6 = 𝑎 (𝑥 3 − 𝑦 3 ) , Prove that =
𝑑𝑥 𝑦 2 √1− 𝑥 6
.
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
Q.14 If 𝑥 𝑝 . 𝑦 𝑞 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑝+𝑞 , prove that 𝑑𝑥 = .
𝑥
√1+𝑥 2 − 1
Q.15 Differentiate tan−1 ( ) w.r.t. tan−1 𝑥 .
𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
Q.16 If y = A cos(log 𝑥) + B sin(log 𝑥 ) , prove that 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑦=
𝑑𝑥
0.
𝑥
Q. 17 If y = x log(𝑎+𝑏𝑥) , Prove that
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 2 = (𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦) .
𝑚
Q.18 If y = (𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 1) , prove that
(x2 + 1) y2 + xy1 – m2y = 0
√1+𝑘𝑥 – √1−𝑘𝑥
Q.19 Find the value of k , for which f(x) = , -1 ≤ 𝑥 <
𝑥
2𝑥+1
0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑥) = , 0≤ 𝑥 < 1 is continuous at x = 0.
𝑥−2
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Application of Derivatives
Q.20 A metal box with a square base and vertical sides is to contain1024
cm3.The material for the top and bottom costs Rs 5/cm2 and the material for
the sides cost Rs 2.50/cm2. Find the least cost of the box.
(Ans: Rs 1920)
Q.21 A given quantity of metal is to be cast into a solid half circular
cylinder (i.e. with rectangular base and semicircular ends ). Show that in
order that the total surface area may be minim+um ,the ratio of the length of
the cylinder to the diameter of its circular ends is
𝜋: (𝜋 + 2).
Q.22 An isosceles triangle of vertical angle2 𝜃 is inscribed in a circle of
𝜋
radius ‘a’. Show that the area of triangle is maximum when = .
6
𝜋
Q.23 Prove that 𝑓(𝑥) = sin 𝑥 + √3 cos 𝑥 has maximum value at 𝑥 = 6 .
Q.24 Water is dripping out at a steady rate of 1cm3/sec through a tiny hole
at the vertex of the conical vessel whose axis is vertical . When the slant
height of water in the vessel is 4 cm, find the rate of decrease of slant height
𝜋 1
, where the semi vertical angle of the conical vessel is 6 . (𝐴𝑛𝑠: 𝑐𝑚/
2√3𝜋
𝑠𝑒𝑐. )
Q.25 Using Differentials , find the approximate value of √0.24 .
(Ans: 0.49)
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TASK 2 : Math Lab Activities ( to be done on practical file)
Activity 1
OBJECTIVE MATERIAL REQUIRED
To verify that the relation R in the set

A piece of plywood, some pieces of
L of all lines in a plane, defined by R
wires (8), nails, white paper, glue etc.
= {(l, m) : l  m} is symmetric but
neither reflexive nor transitive.
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
Take a piece of plywood and paste a white paper on it. Fix the wires
randomly on the plywood with the help of nails such that some of them are
parallel, some are perpendicular to each other and some are inclined as
shown in Fig.1.
DEMONSTRATION
1. Let the wires represent the lines l1, l2, ..., l8.
2. l1 is perpendicular to each of the lines l2, l3, l4. [see Fig. 1]
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3. l6 is perpendicular to l7.
4. l2 is parallel to l3, l3 is parallel to l4 and l5 is parallel to l8.
5. (l1, l2), (l1, l3), (l1, l4), (l6, l7) 𝜖 R
OBSERVATION
1.__________________________________________________ (Reflexive /not)
____________________________________________________(Justify)
2._______________________________________________(symmetric /not)
________________________________________________(Justify)
3._____________________________________________(Transitive or not)
_______________________________________________(Justify)
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Activity 2
To demonstrate a function which is Cardboard, nails, strings, adhesive
not one-one but is onto. and plastic strips.
1. Paste a plastic strip on the left hand side of the cardboard and fix three nails
on it as shown in the Fig.3.1. Name the nails on the strip as 1, 2 and 3.
2. Paste another strip on the right hand side of the cardboard and fix two nails in
the plastic strip as shown in Fig.3.2. Name the nails on the strip as a and b.
3. Join nails on the left strip to the nails on the right strip as shown in Fig. 3.3.
DEMONSTRATION
1. Take the set X = {1, 2, 3}
2. Take the set Y = {a, b}
3. Join (correspondence) elements of X to the elements of Y as shown in Fig. 3.3
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OBSERVATION
1. The image of the element 1 of X in Y is __________.

The image of the element 2 of X in Y is __________.
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The image of the element 3 of X in Y is __________.
So, Fig. 3.3 represents a __________ .
2. Every element in X has a _________ image in Y. So, the function is

_________(one-one/not one-one).
3. The pre-image of each element of Y in X _________ (exists/does not

exist). So, the function is ________ (onto/not onto).
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Activity 3
To demonstrate a function which is Cardboard, nails, strings, adhesive
one-one but not onto. and plastic strips.
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1. Paste a plastic strip on the left hand side of the cardboard and fix two nails
in it as shown in the Fig. 4.1. Name the nails as a and b.
2. Paste another strip on the right hand side of the cardboard and fix three nails
on it as shown in the Fig. 4.2. Name the nails on the right strip as 1, 2 and
3.
3. Join nails on the left strip to the nails on the right strip as shown in the Fig. 4.3
DEMONSTRATION
1. Take the set X = {a, b}
2. Take the set Y = {1, 2, 3}.
3. Join elements of X to the elements of Y as shown in Fig. 4.3.
OBSERVATION
1. The image of the element a of X in Y is
_____________. The image of the element b
of X in Y is _____________.
So, the Fig. 4.3 represents a _____________________.
2. Every element in X has a _________ image in Y. So, the function

is
_____________ (one-one/not one-one).
3. The pre-image of the element 1 of Y in X __________
(exists/does not exist). So, the function is __________ (onto/not
onto).
Thus, Fig. 4.3 represents a function which is _________ but not onto.
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Activity 4
To draw the graph of sin −1 x , using Cardboard, white chart paper, ruler,
the graph of sin x and demonstrate the coloured pens, adhesive, pencil,
concept of mirror reflection (about eraser, cutter, nails and thin wires.
the line y = x).
1. Take a cardboard of suitable dimensions, say, 30 cm × 30 cm.
2. On the cardboard, paste a white chart paper of size 25 cm × 25 cm (say).
3. On the paper, draw two lines, perpendicular to each other and name them
X′OX and YOY′ as rectangular axes [see Fig. 5].
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4. Graduate the axes approximately as shown in Fig. 5.1 by taking

unit on X-axis = 1.25 times the unit of Y-axis.
5. Mark approximately the points

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
( , sin ) , ( , sin ) , … … … ( , sin ) in the coordinate plane
6 6 4 4 2 2
and at each point fix a nail.
6. Repeat the above process on the other side of the x-axis, marking the
points
−𝜋 −𝜋 −𝜋 −𝜋 −𝜋 −𝜋
( , sin ) , ( , sin ) , … … … ( , sin ) approximately and fix nails
6 6 4 4 2 2
on these points as N1′, N2′, N3′, N4′. Also fix a nail at O.
7. Join the nails with the help of a tight wire on both sides of x-axis to get the
−𝜋 𝜋
graph of sin x from 𝑡𝑜 .
2 2
8. Draw the graph of the line y = x (by plotting the points (1,1), (2, 2),
(3, 3), ...etc. and fixing a wire on these points).
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9. From the nails N1, N2, N3, N4, draw perpendicular on the line y = x
and produce these lines such that length of perpendicular on both
sides of the line y = x are equal. At these points fix nails, I1,I2,I3,I4.
10. Repeat the above activity on the other side of X- axis and fix nails at
I1′,I2′,I3′,I4′.
11. Join the nails on both sides of the line y = x by a tight wire that
will show the graph of y  sin −1 x .
DEMONSTRATION
Put a mirror on the line y = x. The image of the graph of sin x in the mirror will
represent the graph of sin−1 x showing that sin–1 x is mirror reflection of sin x
and vice versa.
OBSERVATION
The image of point N1 in the mirror (the line y = x) is _________.

The image of point N′ in the mirror (the line y = x) is _________.
1
The image point of N′ in the mirror (the line y = x) is _________.
2
3
4
The image of the graph of six x in y = x is the graph of _________, and the
image of the graph of sin–1x in y = x is the graph of __________.
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Activity 5
To verify Rolle’s Theorem. A piece of plywood, wires of
different lengths, white paper,
sketch pen.
1. Take a cardboard of a convenient size and paste a white paper on it.
2. Take two wires of convenient size and fix them on the white paper
pasted on the plywood to represent x-axis and y-axis (see Fig. 11).
3. Take a piece of wire of 15 cm length and bend it in the shape of a curve
and fix it on the plywood as shown in the figure.
4. Take two straight wires of the same length and fix them in such way that
they are perpendicular to x-axis at the points A and B and meeting the
curve at the points C and D (see Fig.11).
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DEMONSTRATION
1. In the figure, let the curve represent the function y = f (x). Let OA = a
units and OB = b units.
2. The coordinates of the points A and B are (a, 0) and (b, 0), respectively.
3. There is no break in the curve in the interval [a, b]. So, the function f is
continuous on [a, b].
4. The curve is smooth between x = a and x = b which means that at each
point, a tangent can be drawn which in turn gives that the function f is
differentiable in the interval (a, b).
5. As the wires at A and B are of equal lengths, i.e., AC = BD, so f (a) = f
(b).
6. In view of steps (3), (4) and (5), conditions of Rolle’s theorem are
satisfied. From Fig.11, we observe that tangents at P as well as Q are
parallel to x-axis, therefore, f ′ (x) at P and also at Q are zero.
Thus, there exists at least one value c of x in (a,b) such that f ′ (c) = 0.
Hence, the Rolle's theorem is verified.
OBSERVATION
From Fig. 11.
a= ______________, b = _____________
f (a) = ____________, f (b) = _________ Is f (a) = f (b) ?

(Yes/No)
Slope of tangent at P = __________, so, f (x) (at P) =
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Activity 6
To verify Lagrange’s Mean

Value Theorem. A piece of plywood, wires, white
paper, sketch pens, wires.
1.Take a piece of plywood and paste a white paper on it.
2.Take two wires of convenient size and fix them on the white paper pasted on
the plywood to represent x-axis and y-axis (see Fig. 12).
3.Take a piece of wire of about 10 cm length and bend it in the shape of a curve
as shown in the figure. Fix this curved wire on the white paper pasted on the
plywood.
4.Take two straight wires of lengths 10 cm and 13 cm and fix them at two
different points of the curve parallel to y-axis and their feet touching the x-axis.
Join the two points, where the two vertical wires meet the curve, using another
wire.
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5. Take one more wire of a suitable length and fix it in such a way that it is
tangential to the curve and is parallel to the wire joining the two points on the
curve (see Fig. 12).
DEMONSTRATION
1. Let the curve represent the function y = f (x). In the figure, let OA = a
units and OB = b units.
2. The coordinates of A and B are (a, 0) and (b, 0), respectively.
3. MN is a chord joining the points M (a, f (a) and N (b, f (b)).
4. PQ represents a tangent to the curve at the point R (c, f (c)), in the

interval (a, b).
5. f ′( c) is the slope of the tangent PQ at x = c.
𝑓(𝑏)− 𝑓(𝑎)
6. is the slope of the chord MN.
𝑏−𝑎
7. MN is parallel to PQ , therefore , 𝑓 ′ (𝑐 ) = . Thus, the
𝑏−𝑎
Langrange’s Mean Value Theorem is verified.
OBSERVATION
1. a = __________, b = ______________,
f(a) = ________, f (b)= ____________.
2. f (a) – f (b) = ________,
b – a = ________,
3. = _________= Slope of MN
𝑏−𝑎
4. 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑃𝑄 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑀𝑁 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑐 ) =
𝑏−𝑎
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Activity 7
To understand the concepts of Drawing board, white chart paper,
absolute maximum and minimum adhesive, geometry box, pencil and
values of a function in a given closed eraser, sketch pens, ruler, calculator.
interval through its graph.
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1. Fix a white chart paper of convenient size on a drawing board using

adhesive.
2. Draw two perpendicular lines on the squared paper as the two

rectangular axes.
3. Graduate the two axes as shown in Fig.15.
4. Let the given function be f (x) = (4x2 – 9) (x2 – 1) in the interval

[–2, 2].
5. Taking different values of x in [–2, 2], find the values of f (x) and
plot the ordered pairs (x, f (x)).
6. Obtain the graph of the function by joining the plotted points by a

free hand curve as shown in the figure.
DEMONSTRATION
1. Some ordered pairs satisfying f (x) are as follows:
x 0  0.5  1.0 1.25 1.27  1.5 2
f (x) 9 6 0 – 1.55 –1.56 0 21
2. Plotting these points on the chart paper and joining the points by a free hand
curve, the curve obtained is shown in the figure.
OBSERVATION
1. The absolute maximum value of f (x) is ________ at x =
________.
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2. Absolute minimum value of f (x) is ________ at x = _________.
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Activity 8
OBJECTIVE
To verify that amongst all the rect-angles of the same perimeter, the
square has the maximum area.
MATERIAL REQUIRED
Chart paper, paper cutter, scale, pencil, eraser cardboard,
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2. Make rectangles each of perimeter say 48 cm on a chart paper.
Rectangles of different dimensions are as follows:
𝑅1 16 cm × 8 cm 𝑅2 15 cm × 9 cm
𝑅3 14 cm × 10 cm 𝑅4 13 cm × 11 cm
𝑅5 12 cm × 12 cm 𝑅6 12.5 cm × 11.5 cm
𝑅7 10.5 cm × 13.5 cm
3. Cut out these rectangles and paste them on the white paper on the
cardboard (see Fig. 18 (i) to (vii)).
4. Repeat step 2 for more rectangles of different dimensions each having

perimeter 48 cm.
5. Paste these rectangles on cardboard.
DEMONSTRATION
1. Area of rectangle of R1 = 16 cm × 8 cm = 128 cm2

Area of rectangle R2 = 15 cm × 9 cm = 135 cm2
Area of R3 = 140 cm2
Area of R6 = 143.75 cm2
Area of R7 = 141.75 cm2
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2. Perimeter of each rectangle is same but their area are different. Area of
rectangle R5 is the maximum. It is a square of side 12 cm. This can be

verified using theoretical description given in the note.
OBSERVATION
1. Perimeter of each rectangle R1, R2, R3, R4, R4, R6, R7 is _________.
2. Area of the rectangle R3 ________ than the area of rectangle R5.
3. Area of the rectangle R6 _______ than the area of rectangle R5.
4. The rectangle R5 has the diamensions ______ × ______ and

hence it is a ____________.
5. Of all the rectangles with same perimeter , the ________has the
maximum area. ________.
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Activity 9
To evaluate the definite integral Cardboard, white paper, scale,
∫b (1 − x2 ) dx as the limit of a sum and pencil, graph paper

a
verify it by actual integration.
2. Draw two perpendicular lines to represent coordinate axes XOX′ and YOY′.
3. Draw a quadrant of a circle with O as centre and radius 1 unit (10 cm) as
shown in Fig.19.
The curve in the 1st quadrant represents the graph of the function √1 − 𝑥 2 in
the interval [0,1].
DEMONSTRATION
1. Let origin O be denoted by P0 and the points where the curve

meets the x-axis and y-axis be denoted by P10 and Q, respectively.
2. Divide P0P10 into 10 equal parts with points of division as, P1, P2, P3, ...,
P9 .
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3. From each of the points, Pi , i = 1, 2, ..., 9 draw perpendiculars on

the
x-axis to meet the curve at the points, Q1, Q2, Q3 ,..., Q9. Measure
the lengths of P0Q0, P1 Q1, ..., P9Q9 and call them as y0, y1 , ..., y9
whereas width of each part, P0P1, P1P2, ..., is 0.1 units.
4. y0 = P0Q0 = 1 units
y1 = P1Q1 =
0.99 units y2
= P2Q2 = 0.97
units y3 =
P3Q3 = 0.95
units y4 =
P4Q4 = 0.92
units y5 =
P5Q5 = 0.87
units y6 =
P6Q6 = 0.8
units y7 =
P7Q7 = 0.71
units y8 =
P8Q8 = 0.6
units y9 =
P9Q9 = 0.43
units
y10 = P10Q10 = which is very small near to 0.
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5. Area of the quadrant of the circle (area bounded by the curve and
the two axis) = sum of the areas of trapeziums
1
= 2 × 0.1 [(1 + 0.99) + (0.99 + 0.97) + (0.97 + 0.95) +
(0.95 + 0.92) + (0.92 + 0.87) + (0.87 + 0.8) + (0.8 + 0.71) +
(0.71 + 0.6) + (0.6 + 0.43) + (0.43)]
= 0.1 [0.5 + 0.99 + 0.97 + 0.95 + 0.92 + 0.87 + 0.80 + 0.71 + 0.60 + 0.43]
= 0.1 × 7.74 = 0.774 sq. units.(approx.)
1
1 𝑥√1−𝑥 2 1
6. Definite Integral =∫0 √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = [ + sin−1 𝑥]
2 2
0
1 𝜋 3.14
=2×2 = = 0.785 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
4
Thus, the area of the quadrant as a limit of a sum is nearly the same as area
obtained by actual integration.
OBSERVATION
1. Function representing the arc of the quadrant of the circle is y = ______.
2. Area of the quadrant of a circle with radius 1 unit
1
= ∫0 √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥sq. units
3. Area of the quadrant as a limit of a sum = _______ sq. units.
4. The two areas are nearly _________.
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Activity 10
To explain the computation of A piece of plywood, white paper

conditional probability of a given pen/pencil, scale, a pair of dice.
event A, when event B has already
occurred, through an example of
throwing a pair of dice.
1. Paste a white paper on a piece of plywood of a convenient size.
2. Make a square and divide it into 36 unit squares of size 1cm each (see Fig. 27).
3. Write pair of numbers as shown in the figure.
DEMONSTRATION
1. Fig. 27 gives all possible outcomes of the given experiment. Hence, it

represents the sample space of the experiment.
2. Suppose we have to find the conditional probability of an event A if an event

B has already occurred, where A is the event “a number 4 appears on both
the dice” and B is the event "4 has appeared on at least one of the dice”i.e,
we have to find P(A | B).
3. From Fig. 27 number of outcomes favourable to A = 1

Number of outcomes favourable to B = 11
Number of outcomes favourable to A ∩ B = 1.
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(i) P(B) = 11/36

(ii) P(A∩ 𝐵) = 1/36
(iii) P(A/B) = P(A∩ 𝐵) / P(B) = 1/11
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OBSERVATION
1. Outcome(s) favourable to A : _________, n (A) = _________.
2. Outcomes favourable to B : _________, n (B) = _________.
3. Outcomes favourable to A ∩ B : _________, n (A ∩ B) = _________.
4. P (A ∩ B) = _________.
5. P (A | B) = _________ = _________.
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HISTORY
PROJECT WORK
INTRODUCTION:
History is one of the most important disciplines in school education. It is the study of
the past, which helps us to understand our present and shape our future. It promotes the
acquisition and understanding of historical knowledge in breath and in depth across
cultures. The course of history in senior secondary classes is to enable students to know
that history is a critical discipline, a process of enquiry, a way of knowing about the past
rather than just a collection of facts. The syllabus helps them to understand the process,
through which a historian collects, chooses, scrutinizes and assembles different types of
evidences to write history. Project work gives students an opportunity to develop higher
cognitive skills. It takes students to a life beyond text books and provides them a
platform to refer materials, gather information, analyze it further to obtain relevant
information and decide what matter to keep and hence understand how history is
constructed.
OBJECTIVES:
Project work will help students:
 To develop skill to gather data from a variety of sources, investigate
diverse viewpoints and arrive at logical deductions.
 To develop skill to comprehend, analyze, interpret, evaluate historical evidence
and understand the limitation of historical evidence.
 To develop 21st century managerial skills of co-ordination, self-direction and time
management.
 To learn to work on diverse cultures, races, religions and lifestyles.
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 To learn through constructivism-a theory based on observation and scientific study.

 To inculcate a spirit of inquiry and research.
 To communicate data in the most appropriate form using a variety of techniques.
 To provide greater opportunity for interaction and exploration.
 To understand contemporary issues in context to our past.
 To develop a global perspective and an international outlook.
 To grow into caring, sensitive individuals capable of making informed, intelligent
and independent choices.
 To develop lasting interest in history discipline.
Suggested Topics:
1. The mysteries behind the mound of dead- Mohenjodaro.
2. An in-depth study to understand spiritual archaeology in the sub continent.
3. Buddha’s path to enlightenment.
4. Insight and reflection of Bernier’s notion of The Mughal Empire.
5. An exploratory study to know the women who created history.
6. “Mahatama Gandhi”- A legendary soul.
7. To reconstruct the history of Vijayanagara through the archaeology of Hampi.
8. The Emerald city of colonial era- BOMBAY.
9. Vision of unity behind the first war of Independence.
10. Divine Apostle of Guru Nanak Dev.
11. Help, Humanity and Sacrifices during Partition.
12. Glimpses inside Mughals Imperial Household.
13. The process behind the framing of the Indian Constitution.
14. The ‘BrahmNirupam of Kabir’- A journey to ultimate reality.
Allocation of Marks (20)

The marks will be allocated under the following heads:
1. Project Synopsis 2 Marks
2. Timeline/explanation and interpretation /Map work 5Marks
3. Visual/overall presentation 4 Marks
4. Analysis/ Data/Statistical analysis 4 Marks
5. Bibliography 1 Mark
6. Viva 4 Marks
Total 20 Marks
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INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING THE PROJECT:
1. The project should be hand written.

2. Use either white or any light coloured sheet and only blue and black colour
pen for writing.
3. The project should have the following sequence:
a. Cover page with Topic
b. Acknowledgement page
c. Certificate page
d. Contents page
e. Introduction/ Project synopsis
f. Different chapters related to the topic.
g. Conclusion.
h. Bibliography.
4. The project work can culminate in the form of Power Point
Presentation/Exhibition/Skit/albums/files/song and dance or culture show
/story telling/debate/panel discussion, paper presentation and so on.
5. You can use primary sources available in city archives, Primary sources can
also include newspaper cuttings, photographs, film footage and recorded
written/speeches.
6. Secondary sources may also be used after proper authentication.
7. Total length of the project should be 25-30 pages.
8. It should contain all the items listed under the marks allocation section.
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GEOGRAPHY
PRACTICAL WORK
1. Complete the Geography practical file.
a) Written work has to be done on lose A4 size sheets
b) Written work has to be done in neat and clean and in good handwriting
2. Write down the assignment questions of following chapters in notebook: India
People and Economy (Book 2)
a). Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition
b) Migration: Types, Causes and consequences
c) Human Development
3. Complete the pending assignment questions as well as map work from the chapters
already taught in the class.
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POLITICAL SCIENCE
PROJECT WORK
OBJECTIVES: - Project work will help students: -
 To develop skills to gather data from a variety of sources, investigate diverse viewpoints and arrive at logical
deductions.
 To develop skills to comprehend, analyse, interpret, evaluate evidence.
 To give a multidisciplinary approach to the topics selected by the students.
 To learn to work on diverse political systems, policies and programmes and understand the various
dimensions associated with politics.
 To inculcate a spirit of inquiry, research and independent approach towards various issues affecting national
and international politics.
 To provide greater opportunity for interaction and exploration.
 To provide a lasting interest in Political Science.
The project can be individual/pair/group of 4-5 each.
Project work will be of 20 marks.
Other details and guidelines related to the project work will be discussed thoroughly by the teacher in the
class.
The Project can be made on any of the topics given in the syllabus of a particular class.
Units
Part A: Contemporary World Politics
1 Cold War Era
2 The End of bipolarity
3 US Hegemony in World Politics
4 Alternative centres of Power
5 Contemporary South Asia
6 International Organizations
7 Security in Contemporary World
8 Environment and Natural Resource
9 Globalization
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Part B: Politics in India since Independence

10 Challenges of Nation-Building
11 Era of One-party Dominance
12 Politics of Planned Development
13 India’s External relations
14 Challenges to the Congress System
15 Crisis of the Democratic Order
16 Rise of Popular Movements
17 Regional aspirations
18 Recent Developments in Indian
Politics
PSYCHOLOGY
1. Development of a case profile using appropriate methods of enquiry
and data collection and employing suitable tests for assessment of
personality and psychological attributes.
2. Complete the practical file using Ravens Standard Progressive

Matrices and Maudsley Personality Inventory, attach the analysis, result
and interpretation.
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COMPUTER SCIENCE
LIST OF PRACTICALS FOR

CLASS-XII (CS)
Programming in Python:
1 Create a dictionary containing names of competition winner students as keys
and number of their wins as values.
2 Write a program that receives two numbers in a function and returns the results
of all arithmetic operations on these numbers.
3 Write a function to swap the values of two variables through a function.
4 Write a random number generator using functions that generates random

numbers between 1 and 6 (simulates a dice).
5 Open a webpage using the urllib library.
6 Read a file line by line and print it.
7 To display the number of lines in the file and size of a file in bytes.
8 Remove all the lines that contain the character `a' in a file and write it to another file.
9 To get rnos ,names and marks of the students of a class and store these details in a
file called "Marks.dat".
10 Recursively find the factorial of a natural number.
11 Write a recursive code to find the sum of all elements of a list.
12 Write a recursive code to compute the nth Fibonacci number.
13 Write a recursive Python program to test if a string is a palindrome or not.
14 Create a graphical application that accepts user inputs, performs some

operation on them, and then writes the output on the screen. e.g. a small
calculator. (use tkinter library)
15 Write a Python program to plot the function y = x2 using the pyplot or matplotlib
libraries.
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16 Compute EMIs for a loan using the numpy or scipy libraries.
17 Write a Python function sin(x, n) to calculate the value of sin(x) using its Taylor
series expansion up to n terms. Compare the values of sin(x) for different values
of n with the correct value.
18 Write a Python program to implement a stack using a list data-structure.
19 Write a Python program to implement a queue using a list data-structure.
Data Management: SQL and Web-Server (Django)

20 Create a table student with 10 dummy records and find the min, max, sum, and
average of the marks from this table.
21 Write a SQL query to order the (student ID, marks) table in descending order
of the marks.
22 Find the total number of customers from each country in the table
(customer ID, customer name, country) using group by.
23 Write a Django based web server to parse a user request (POST), and write it to a
CSV file.
24 Integrate SQL with Python by importing the MySQL module
25 Take a sample of 10 phishing e-mails and find the most common words.
PROJECT WORK
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DBMS
ASSIGNMENTS
1. CREATE TABLES USING CREATE STATEMENT

2. INSERT ROWS TO INDIVIDUAL TABLES USING INSERT STATEMENT
3. ALTER TABLE SECTION ADD NEW FIELD SECTION AND UPDATE THE
RECORDS
4. DELETE BROWN’S GRADE REPORT
5. DROP THE TABLE SECTION
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ENGLISH
Class XII will be attempting the Reading and Writing sections of the 10
sample UPLOADED ON ENTAB AS INDUCTED IN THE CLASS.
HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT
G.D GOENKA PUBLIC SCHOOL
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Commercial Art
Write the short note on given below topic with appropriate pictures -
1. The Rajasthani and Pahari Schools of Miniature Painting

2. The Mughal and Deccan Schools of Miniature Painting
3. The Bengal School of Painting and the modern trends in Indian Art.
Practical Assignment: Sketching:
Make five human and animals figure every day in your sketch book.
Poster:
 Make 4 posters on half imperial size paper by using the poster color.
 You are free to choose any two social issues promotion and two product
promotion related theme.
Illustration:
 Make 4 Illustrations on A3 size paper and paint it by poster or water colour.

 All Illustrations should be in semi realistic approach.
 You are free to choose topic in illustration but these should be relevant to
syllabus.
Reference: Panoramic Indian Painting by C.K. Luthera & R.C. Luthera
www.behance.net/poster/illustration
http://www.dsource.in/course/history-indian-
illustration/prominent-indian-illustrators.
*******************************************
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G.D.

GOENKA PUBLIC SCHOOL

Class XII (2019-20)

HOLIDAYS HOME WORK, ASSIGNMENTS & PROJECTS

Mode of presentation/submission of the Project:

 Identifying the causes, consequences and/or remedies

 Various stakeholders and effect on each of them

 Advantages and disadvantages of situations or issues identified

 Short-term and long-term implications of economic strategies suggested in the

 Validity, reliability, appropriateness and relevance of data used for research

 Presentation and writing that is succinct and coherent in project file

Suggestive List of Projects: Class XII

 Food Supply Channel in India

 Contemporary Employment situation in India

 Disinvestment policy of the government

 Goods and Services Tax Act and its Impact on GDP

 Health Expenditure (of any state)

 Human Development Index

 Inclusive Growth Strategy

 Trends in Credit availability in India

 Monetary policy committee and its functions

 Role of RBI in Control of Credit

 Government Budget & its Components

 Trends in budgetary condition of India

 Exchange Rate determination – Methods and Techniques

 Currency War – reasons and repercussions

 Livestock – Backbone of Rural India  Alternate fuel – types and importance

 Sarwa Siksha Abhiyan – Cost Ratio Benefits

 Golden Quadrilateral- Cost ratio benefit

 Minimum Support Prices

 Relation between Stock Price Index and Economic Health of Nation

 Waste Management in India – Need of the hour

 Minimum Wage Rate – approach and Application

 Digital India- Step towards the future

 Rain Water Harvesting – a solution to water crises

 Vertical Farming – an alternate way

 Silk Route- Revival of the past

 Make in India – The way ahead

 Bumper Production- Boon or Bane for the farmer

 Rise of Concrete Jungle- Trend Analysis

 Organic Farming – Back to the Nature

 Any other topic

(2) Complete assignments uploaded in the Entab software for

Chapter: 2, Fundamentals of Partnership and 3 Goodwill, 4 Change

ended 31stMarch, 2018. B drew regularly Rs 4,000 at the end of every

Calculate interest on drawings @ 5%p.a for the period ending 31 st March

Q:2 A, B and C are partners in a firm. Though there is no provision in the

throughout were A Rs 50,000 B Rs 40,000 and C Rs 30,000. During the

two years they shared profits as follows:

You are required to pass an adjustment entry as at 1st April, 2018.

Q:3 The capitals of X, Y and Z as on 31st March 2018 amounted to Rs

1,50,000 Rs 5,50,000 and Rs 11,00,000 resp. the profits amounting to Rs

withdrew Rs 50,000 per month in the beginning of each month. The

Partnership Deed was silent as to profit sharing ratio and interest on

Q:4 A, B and C started business on July 1 2015. You find that:

i) A drew Rs 8,000 in the beginning of every month for 9 months

ending 31stMarch 2016.

Calculate interest on drawings @ 10% p.a.

with capitals of Rs 2,00,000 and Rs 1,00,000 resp. Show the

distribution of profits in the following cases:

i) If the partnership deed is silent as to interest on capital and the

profits for the year are Rs 50,000.