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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF TENNESSEE


AT CHATTANOOGA

John Sawyer, as Next :


of Kin of Jack Sawyer, :
deceased & Patti Grimm :
:
Plaintiffs, :
: Docket No. 1:18-cv-00091
v. :
:
The City of Soddy Daisy, :
Eric Jenkins, Matthew Thomas & :
Eric Hindmon, in their capacity as :
a police officer for The City of :
Soddy Daisy and in their individual :
capacities. :
:
Defendants. :

COMPLAINT

Comes now, the plaintiffs, in the above styled action and files this

complaint with the Court alleging:

INTRODUCTION

1. This is an action for money damages filed under 42 U.S.C.

Section 1983 to redress the deprivation of rights secured to the plaintiff,

John Sawyer, by the 4th and 14th Amendments to the United States

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Constitution and for violations of the laws of the State of Tennessee by

the above named defendants.

2. The plaintiff Patti Grimm brings an action for money damages

for a claim of negligent infliction of emotional distress pursuant to the

laws of the State of Tennessee.

3. The plaintiffs alleged that the individually named defendants,

Eric Jenkins, Matthew Thomas, and Eric Hindmon, were acting in their

capacities as police officers, agents, and law enforcements officers

employed by the City of Soddy Daisy and the City of Soddy Daisy Police

Department. All defendants were at all times relevant to the

allegations and facts supporting the allegations of this complaint acting

under the color of law and under the color of their positions and office

with the City of Soddy Daisy and with the City of Soddy Daisy Police

Department.

4. The plaintiffs allege that the individual defendants committed

the violations alleged herein because of the policies, customs, practices,

and/or procedures of the City of Soddy Daisy and the City of Soddy

Daisy Police Department.

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5. The plaintiffs allege that the defendants named herein were

not properly trained and were negligently trained to handle situations

such as the one described herein and that said such negligent training

led, in whole or in part, to the shooting death of the plaintiff Sawyer.

6. The plaintiffs allege that the individual defendant’s actions

subjected the plaintiff to physical injury, mental anguish, emotional

distress, and the death of the plaintiff Sawyer. The plaintiff Patti

Grimm was present at the time of the shooting of Sawyer, her partner

and was emotionally traumatized by the events described herein.

7. The plaintiffs allege that the individual defendants (officers)

are also liable for the wrongful death of the plaintiff Sawyer and for

damages arising from the legal claims asserted herein.

JURISDICTION & VENUE

8. This is an action to redress deprivation of rights secured to the

plaintiff, Sawyer, by the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the

United States Constitution and for violations of Tennessee Law. This

Court is vested with jurisdiction over these matters pursuant to 42

U.S.C. Section 1983. The Court, therefore, has jurisdiction over the

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parties as this claim involves rights under federal law and The

Constitution of The United States of America. The Court also has

pendent jurisdiction of all state law claims alleged herein.

FACTUAL ALLEGATIONS

9. The plaintiff, Patti Grimm, was having difficulties with her

partner due to his dementia. Grimm, after observing that her partner

was agitated called her daughter Elizabeth Lyons. After the call,

Elizabeth and her husband Jason came to Grimm’s and Sawyer’s home.

The purpose of the call was to get assistance in calming Sawyer down

who was agitated due to his dementia.

10. Grimm and the two Lyons went to the Lyons bedroom at their

residence to call the police. Jason Lyons described the ongoing incident

to the police in a calm and measured voice. He informed the dispatcher

that Sawyer had dementia, he had become agitated over issues with the

television and television remote and requested assistance from the

Soddy Daisy Police Department.

11. After the call, three Soddy Daisy Police officers came to the

residence within 10 minutes of the call made by Jason Lyon. The

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officers were Eric Jenkins, Matthew Thomas, and Eric Hindmon.

Grimm was asked by one of the officers “what [she] wanted them to do.”

11. Patti Grimm, Jason Lyons, and Elizabeth Lyons informed the

officers that Sawyer was 74 years old, weighed 120 pounds and that he

suffered from dementia and Vascular Alzheimer’s. Grimm and the two

Lyons also informed officers that Sawyer had a gun, but that Grimm

had unloaded the gun back on July 3, 2019 for Sawyer’s, and other’s,

protection. There was no ammunition in the Grimm Sawyer home. The

officers named above were further informed that the disturbance arose

from an argument over a TV remote. The officers were also informed

that Sawyer pointed an unloaded gun at Grimm.

12. Grimm, and the two Lyons, also informed the officers that

Sawyer had not acted like he was acting and then asked the officers to

do a wellness check to make sure Sawyer was ok and if it was safe for

Grimm to go back into the residence. The officers were further informed

that Sawyer was not a violent person and that he was acting

irregularly. The officers were requested to help calm Sawyer down to

diffuse the situation.

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13. Jason Lyons and Patti Grimm accompanied the officers to the

home where Sawyer was located. Grimm gave the officers her garage

door opener.

14. The officers approached the residence and made efforts to try

to get Sawyer to the front door. Sawyer had locked the door to the

house from the garage. The officers requested if there was a way

Grimm could gain access to the house. Grimm got her keys and gave

them to the officer requesting the keys

15. Grimm approached the garage after giving the officers her

keys. The officers were in the garage spread out with their guns pulled.

They had not entered the house.

16. Jason Lyons came to the garage and the officers had entered

the house. Lyons and Grimm had turned to walk back to a truck to

wait when Lyons and Grimm heard two-gun shots in the house.

17. The officers were told that Grimm and Lyons were concerned

for Sawyer’s safety, that they wanted the officers to diffuse the situation

and that the gun in Sawyer’s possession was unloaded due to his

dementia. The officers were adequately informed about the situation

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and the mental status of Sawyer including clear statements that the

gun he had was not loaded.

18. The incident within the Sawyer Grimm home was recorded by

the officer’s body cameras.

19. A copy of the body camera video has been preserved for use in

conjunction with this action.

20. The body camera videos reveal the following facts:

a. Two shots were fired by the officers.

b. Sawyer did not fire his gun. His eyes were partially or

completely covered by a face mask.

c. Patti Grimm informed officers the gun was not loaded before

they entered the house. She was not prosecuting and wanted to make

sure Sawyer was healthy and safe.

d. The officers entered the house with guns drawn using keys

given to them by Grimm.

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e. The officers were aware that the gun in Sawyer’s possession had

no bullets, but they responded with deadly force shooting and killing

Sawyer.

f. An officer stated before entering the house “I don’t like shit like

this at all.”

g. Officers had been briefed on Mr. Sawyer’s mental history and

were all aware he had a gun with no bullets, nor did he have access to

bullets.

h. Officers failed to continually identify themselves as police

officers. In fact, Officer Thomas entered Mr. Sawyers bedroom while

Mr. Sawyer’s back was facing him not appropriately announcing his

presence. Officer Thomas did not identify himself as a law enforcement

officer

i. Officer Hindmon entered Sawyer’s bedroom at 13:10 on the body

cam video and Mr. Sawyer did not turn around until 13:17 which gave

Officer Hindmon time to leave the room and ask for assistance using

less violent means to determine the health and safety of Mr. Sawyer.

j. The only shots fired came from police killing Mr. Sawyer.

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21. An incident report was prepared on September 19, 2019

containing the following narrative: “On 9.19.2019 Off Thomas was

called to 331 Harvest Court on a Domestic Disorder. Thomas met with

Patti Grimm down the road from the residence who stated that her

boyfriend Jack Sawyer became angry with her and pointed a pistol at

her. Patti stated she did not wish to prosecute but wanted officers to

check on Jack’s wellbeing. Off Jenkins and Off Hindmon assisted

Thomas. Officer entered the residence and contacted Jack. Shots were

fired and Jack was pronounced deceased by EMS personnel…”

22. The incident report does not describe Sawyer’s mental

condition, nor does it state that he suffered from dementia and Vascular

Alzheimer’s. The report does not contain Grimm’s statement that

Sawyer had no ammunition or that the officers were told that was the

case before entering the home. The report does not contain any of the

officer’s statements that are evidenced on the body cam videos.

Moreover, the report does not state how many shots were fired, the

source of those shots, whether an examination of the Sawyer weapon

showed that it had been fired or that it contained ammunition. As is

alleged herein Sawyer’s gun was not loaded at the time of his shooting

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death and Officer Thomas had about 7 seconds to leave Sawyer’s

bedroom before taking any action constituting deadly or excessive force.

23. At the request of the Hamilton County District Attorney’s

Office an investigation into the shooting was conducted by The

Hamilton County Sheriff’s office. A report was published on March 6,

2020. The report states: “On September 19, 2019 Jack Sawyer, who

suffered from dementia, had been in an altercation with his wife, Patti

Grimm, during which he displayed a firearm. The above SDPD officers

went to the residence located at 331 Harvest Court Road to contact Mr.

Sawyer. Officers knocked, rang the doorbell, and announced their

presence but received no response. Members of Mr. Sawyer’s family

provided officers with the means to enter the house through the garage.

Subsequently, the officer’s made entry into the home. After checking

the rest of the home and repeatedly announcing their presence the

officers entered Mr. Sawyer’s bedroom. He was sitting on the bed with

his back to the officers. It appeared Mr. Sawyers was fidgeting with

something in his lap. After officers entered the bedroom Mr. Sawyer

“turned” and “produced and pointed” a firearm at Officer Thomas.

Officer Jenkins fired at Mr. Sawyer striking him once in the chest.

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Officers then retrieved the gun from Mr. Sawyer, cleared it and set it on

the bed. All the officer’s body cameras were operation at the time of the

incident. The footage from the body cam corroborate the officer’s

statement of the facts.”

24. The investigative report does not contain key facts such as

Grimm informing the officers that there was no ammunition in the

Sawyer gun, that the ammunition had been removed for Sawyer’s safety

because of his dementia, that the Sawyer gun had not been fired

because it had no bullets. In fact, the relevant video confirms the

Sawyer gun was not fired, that he apparently had a mask on covering

his eyes and as Grimm informed police officers there were no bullets in

the gun. Moreover, body cam videos reveal that as Officer Thomas

entered Sawyer’s bedroom he said “Mr. Sawyer” without identifying

himself as a police officer. Moreover, Mr. Sawyer had his back to the

door and was wearing a face mask mostly or totally obstructing his

vision. Finally, Officer Thomas had 7 seconds to leave the bedroom

before Mr. Sawyer turned around facing Officer Thomas.

25. The investigative report does not reveal how many shots were

fired, from whom, the results of any testing on any weapon that was

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fired or may have been fired, or any information on at least one of the

officer’s bullets going through the Sawyer bedroom wall and into the

back yard. The report misses key facts which were allegedly not

accurately reported during the investigation.

26. The officers did not appropriately try to use peaceful and

nonviolent means to check on Mr. Sawyer before shooting Mr. Sawyer.

Moreover, the officers knew that the Sawyer weapon was empty and

knew that Sawyer suffered from dementia and Vascular Alzheimer’s.

27. The officers did not appropriately announce themselves before

entering the Sawyer bedroom. They did not ask Mr. Sawyer if he had a

weapon before shooting him, nor did they ask Mr. Sawyer if he was

“ok.” The officers entered saw Mr. Sawyer on the side of the bed with

his back facing them, never asked Mr. Sawyer if he was ok, with Mr.

Sawyer taking 7 seconds to turn around. Sawyer did not know of the

officer’s presence in his home until Office Thomas said Mr. Sawyer

while in Sawyer’s bedroom door. Sawyer was wearing a mask over his

eyes.

28. The officers knew of Sawyers dementia and the body cam

video contains no evidence of any attempt to approach and deal with the

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situation knowing Mr. Sawyer had a serious mental condition. The

officers were negligently trained and not appropriately trained to follow

appropriate procedure for dealing with an individual with a mental

disability such as dementia.

29. The Officers knew of Sawyer from his past contact with

the Soddy Daisy Police Department and knew that officers with the

Department had dealt with Sawyer in the past. Based on the events in

the body cam video, it appears that the officers had a shoot first and ask

questions later attitude in approaching Mr. Sawyer. There were less

nonviolent means to check on Mr. Sawyer’s health.

COUNT I: USE OF EXCESSIVE FORCE IN VIOLATION OF CIVIL


RIGHTS UNDER 42 U.S.C. SECTION 1983, NEGLIGENT FAILURE
TO TRAIN BY THE SODDY DAISY POLICE DEPARTMENT/CITY OF
SODDY DAISY
30. Sawyer incorporates the allegations in paragraphs 1-29 above

as if specifically incorporated herein.

31. The individual defendants had a non-delegable duty not to use

excessive force against Sawyer and to intervene and prevent his fellow

defendants from using excessive force against Sawyer.

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32. The individual defendants had a non-delegable duty to report

the misconduct of their fellow defendant to the command staff of the

Soddy Daisy Police Department and to any investigative authority

conducting an investigation into the shooting death of Sawyer.

33. The force that was used by the individual defendant in

shooting Sawyer amounted to an unlawful force that carried a high risk

of causing serious and life-threatening injury and proved to be

unnecessary and unreasonable under the circumstances and was the

direct and proximate cause of Sawyer’s death. The force was used

under a well-known police statement that it is better to shoot first and

ask questions later because it is better to be judged by 12 instead of

carried out by 6.

34. The video of the incident made the subject of this case shows

that all the officers knew that Sawyer had no ammunition in his

weapon and that he suffered from a significant mental disability known

as dementia and Vascular Alzheimer’s.

35. The officers entered the Sawyer residence knowing of his

mental disability, with permission of Patti Grimm knowing his weapon

was not loaded. The defendants had a duty to make such an

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assessment of the situation before shooting particularly since they were

given access to the residence by Sawyer’s partner, Grimm, and did not

have to enter the residence forcefully. There was no sense of urgency.

The officers failed to follow proper procedure and protocol because they

were not appropriately trained by the City of Soddy Daisy and the

Soddy Daisy Police Department.

36. There was no evidence that Sawyer threatened or took violent

action at any time prior to his shooting. In fact, Sawyer never fired a

shot because his eyes were covered or partially covered, and his gun

unloaded with the officers failing to properly evaluate the situation

prior to shooting. In fact, the officers entered the Sawyer bedroom

knowing his back was facing them and later discovering he was wearing

a mask.

37. Two shots were fired by one or more of the individual officers

with no shots being fired by Sawyer.

38. The individual defendants did not report the status Sawyer’s

weapon because said weapon had no ammunition in it. The fact that the

gun was unloaded is not mentioned in the incident report or the official

investigation report demonstrates the improper conduct in failing to

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appropriately report the facts of the incident. The facts showing that

Sawyer had his back facing officers and had his eyes covered is also not

mentioned in the reports.

39. The individual officers did not report the entire circumstances

to investigators.

40. The individual defendants acted under the color of law and

their negligence and intentional acts along with their deliberate

indifference deprived Sawyer of his rights secured to him under the

Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution.

The denial of these rights is particularly egregious because one or all of

the officers were aware of Sawyer’s mental condition and none took any

action to insure Sawyer’s safety prior to shooting him without taking

the appropriate steps to insure that dangerous bodily harm or death

would occur to Sawyer who suffered from dementia.

41. The Soddy Daisy Police Department did not appropriately

train or supervise these individual defendants to prevent them from

doing unreasonable harm using excessive force.

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42. The individual officers and the Soddy Daisy Police Department

did not have the prerequisite knowledge or did not exercise the use of

force against Sawyer as permitted by the law. Use of deadly force is

permissible during an arrest if it is necessary to prevent the escape and

the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a

significant threat of death or serious injury to the officers or others.

Neither condition existed at the time of Sawyer’s shooting death.

43. The officers were called to check on the well being of Sawyer.

He was not being arrested when deadly force was used. He was not told

of the officer’s presence when deadly force was used. He did not attempt

to escape from an arrest.

44. The officers, prior to using deadly force, have a duty to use

graduated methods to diffuse a situation before they “shoot to kill.” The

officers should diffuse a situation by using mere presence first; second,

by using verbal statements from non-threatening request to direct

orders; third by using physical bodily force through grabs, holds,

punches or kicks, fifth by using weapons such as a baton, chemical

sprays, tasers or police dogs or finally using lethal weapons such as

firearms.

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45. The individual officers failed to use any of the methods

described in paragraph 44. Instead they chose to enter the home with

weapons drawn failing to properly announce themselves and failing to

use less deadly means to address the situation. Their actions are clear

evidence of shoot now ask questions later and it is better to be judged by

12 instead of being carried out by 6.

The videos show, overall, inappropriate conduct in the handling of

the situation and demonstrate either a willful failure or negligent

failure to train. Facts supporting this allegation include but are not

limited to:

a. in supplement to the summary of the body cam videos in

Paragraph 20 of this complaint and specifically incorporated herein the

facts show that there was a negligent failure to train, improper use of

deadly or excessive force, negligence, assault and battery by the above

named officers and the City of Soddy Daisy.

1. Thomas and Hindmon announced they were police as

they opened the garage door with keys given by Grimm for entry into

the house. The door is on the opposite side of the house where Mr.

Sawyer’s bedroom is located. As Officer Thomas opened the door to Mr.

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Sawyer’s bedroom, he said “Mr. Sawyer” failing to identify himself as a

police officer. Even after Officer Thomas was in close range to Mr.

Sawyer it appears that Mr. Sawyer did not appear to hear the officer

immediately. Sawyer had his back to Officer Thomas with a face mask

on obstructing his vision.

2. Mr. Sawyer did not immediately turn and point a gun, loaded or

not, toward the officers.

3. All the officers were briefed on Mr. Sawyer’s mental history and

was aware that Sawyer had a gun with no bullets and that Sawyer had

no access to bullets prior to entering the house.

4. Officer Thomas entered Mr. Sawyer’s bedroom while Mr.

Sawyer’s back was facing him. Officer Thomas should have backed out

of the room and then appropriately announced himself asking Mr.

Sawyer if he was well. Moreover, he should have waited for the other

officers to arrive. Officer Thomas entered the bedroom at 13:10 on the

body cam video. Mr. Sawyer does not turn around until 13:17 giving

Officer Hindmon ample time to exit the room, wait for assistance

because it took 7 seconds for a blindfolded Sawyer to turn around.

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46. The officers’ actions in their conduct and the ultimate use of

deadly force was objectively unreasonable under the circumstances. The

circumstances did not involve a severe crime or circumstance. As

Grimm told the officers they were called to ensure Sawyer, who has

dementia, was safe and that Grimm was not going to prosecute. The

officers entered the home and Sawyer’s bedroom knowing that he had

no ammunition and that the ammunition was removed from the home

and the gun for Sawyer’s safety. At the time of entering Sawyer’s

bedroom the officers had not appropriately announced their presence or

made any reasonable attempt to diffuse any potential non-criminal

situation involving a mentally ill man suffering from dementia. Sawyer

did not actively resist any arrest nor did he attempt to flee because the

officers were called in to insure his safety and Sawyer was surprised by

the officers entering his bedroom as shown in the relevant body cam

videos. Other alternatives were available to the officers such as

announcing their present or the use of a taser which neither was done.

Moreover, the body cam video showed that Officer Thomas had time to

withdraw to use other non-deadly or non-violent means to address the

situation facing the officers in the home.

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Moreover, the officers cannot state that they feared for their lives

because the officers had prior knowledge of Mr. Sawyer possibly having

a gun, even if it is unloaded. Moreover, Thomas showed no fear or

reticence when he walked into Mr. Sawyer’s bedroom, waited 7 seconds

until Mr. Sawyer turned around. If Officer Thomas or any officer were

appropriately using prior knowledge of the “unloaded gun” any of the

defendants should have backed out of the room as soon as they found

Mr. Sawyer and waited for back up. There was sufficient time for the

officers to avoid the use of deadly force.

Moreover, the facts show there was no “reasonable fear” with the

prior knowledge of an unloaded gun while haphazardly and carelessly

entering and remaining in the Sawyers bedroom for 7 seconds without

Officer Thomas properly identifying himself as an officer. The 7 second

delay coupled with Officer Thomas’s prior knowledge gave him time to

back out of the room and to find less non deadly or non-violent means to

address the situation. Moreover, there is no “reasonable fear” at this

point because Thomas put himself in the position, he was in by not

properly identifying himself to Mr. Sawyer. Moreover, if Thomas had

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appropriately backed out of the room neither he nor Officer Jenkins

would have fired any shots.

47. The officers are not entitled to qualified immunity or any

immunity for their actions. There is no hazy border present in this case

between the excessive use of force and acceptable force. The facts show

clearly that the officers were called to insure the safety of a man

suffering from dementia, that Grimm did not want to press charges,

that Grimm removed all ammunition from the home for Sawyer’s

safety, that the gun was not loaded, that Sawyer did not shoot the gun,

that Grimm provided the officers with the keys to enter the home to

insure Sawyer’s safety, that the officers drew their weapons before

accessing the home with the keys provided to them by Grimm, that the

officers failed to appropriately announce themselves, that the officers

entered Sawyer’s room and his back was turned to them, that the

officers did not attempt to use less violent means, that Officer Thomas

had 7 seconds to back out of the room before Mr. Sawyer turned around,

that one or more of the officers fired two shots with one killing Sawyer,

that Sawyer waited 7 seconds to turn around after Thomas said “Mr.

Sawyer” without identifying himself as police, that the officers failed to

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use less violent or less deadly means on a mentally ill man when the

officers were called in to insure his safety knowing that Grimm was not

pressing charges. The officers did not conduct a serious investigation

into the incident before shooting to kill. The officers blatantly displayed

a shoot now and ask questions attitude and that the officers shot a

partially or fully blindfolded Sawyer.

COUNT TWO FAILURE TO PROTECT AND RENDER AID UNDER


42 U.S.C. SECTION 1983

48. Sawyer incorporates the allegations in paragraphs 1-47 above

as if specifically incorporate herein.

49. The individual officers had a duty to protect Sawyer from

injury or death and to report the misconduct of their fellow officers to

any investigative body.

50. The Soddy Daisy Police Department/The City of Soddy Daisy

had a non-delegable duty to ensure that it property trained officers to

intervene when a fellow officer was about to sue excessive or deadly

force and had an affirmative duty to ensure that it officers were

properly trained in the use of force.

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51. The failure of the officers to intervene and stop the other in

their actions or before they acted and their failure to report the

misconduct of their fellow officer constitutes a joint effort in which they

participated as equals.

52. The Soddy Daisy Police Department/The City of Soddy Daisy

had a non-delegable duty to ensure that it properly trained officers to

intervene when fellow officers acted as the officers did in shooting and

killing Sawyer as the allegations of Paragraphs 1-47 show.

COUNT 3 WRONGFUL DEATH

53. Sawyer incorporates the allegations in paragraphs 1-52 above

as if specifically incorporated herein.

54. Sawyers death was caused by the wrongful acts of omissions of

the defendants named herein which resulted in his death.

55. The factual allegations of paragraphs 1-51 support a claim for

wrongful death under T.C.A. Section 20-5-106.

56. Mr. Sawyer is survived by his next of kin and brother John

Sawyer who has the legal right pursuant to Tennessee law to bring a

claim for wrongful death.

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COUNT 4 NEGLIGENCE

57. Sawyer incorporates the allegations in paragraphs 1-52 above

as if specifically incorporate herein.

58. As alleged in paragraphs 1-56 above the above-named

defendants were negligent in their actions of responding to the call

involving Mr. Sawyer. Their negligence is the cause of Mr. Sawyers

death and all damages arising therefrom. That the City of Soddy Daisy

as evidenced by the factual allegation herein failed to properly train the

officers with the untrained officers using deadly force when not

necessary.

59. Sawyer is entitled to recover damages for pain and suffering

because upon his shooting he did not immediately die surviving the

shooting and suffering until the time of his death.

60. Grimm alleges that she is entitled to recover for negligent

infliction of emotional distress from the actions of the defendants as

described herein and that the facts of the claim support a claim for

damages under said theory.

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WHEREFORE, the plaintiffs prays that this Court will convene a

jury of his peers to try the issues joined and will

1. Award compensatory damages;

2. Award punitive damages;

3. Award attorney’s fees and expenses;

4. Award damages for pain and suffering; and

5. Award such further relief as this Court shall deem appropriate.

Respectfully submitted,

THE JAMES FIRM

/s/ Stuart F. James________________


STUART F. JAMES, BPR #013841
MCCRACKEN POSTON BPR #
735 Broad Street, Suite 403
Chattanooga, TN 37402
Telephone: (423) 756-3646
Facsimile: (423-756-3647
[email protected]
[email protected]

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