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    Link Reaction

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    Link reaction

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    The Acetyl CoA Step

    ª After pyruvate is produced from glycolysis, it enters the mitochondria to begin aerobic
    respiration.
    ªAerobic respiration begins with the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. This conversion
    takes place in three steps: decarboxylation, the reduction of NAD+, and the attachment
    of coenzyme A.

    Some organisms that have no mitochondria or


    no access to oxygen will undergo
    fermentation and produce ethanol or lactic
    acid in the cytosol of the cell.

    Those that do have mitochondria and access


    to oxygen will undergo aerobic respiration.
    Aerobic respiration takes place in the
    mitochondria and requires the presence of
    oxygen.

    Aerobic respiration begins with the conversion


    of pyruvate into acetyl CoA.

    This conversion begins with the


    decarboxylation (removal of CO2) of
    pyruvate. A transfer of electrons then takes
    place, which results in the reduction of NAD+
    to NADH + H+. Finally, coenzyme A (a B
    vitamin derivative) is added to the molecule to
    produce acetyl CoA.

    The addition of coenzyme A energizes the


    molecule and makes it more unstable. When
    a molecule is unstable, it is more prone to
    react and release energy; thus, this step has
    prepared the glucose derivative for more
    energy release.

    www.thinkwell.com [email protected]
    Copyright © 2000, Thinkwell Corp., All Rights Reserved. 031600bio096

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