SESSION 6

EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
 Emer towing
 Fire – use of Co2, info for FB, water on deck
 Collision
 Grounding
 Abandon Ship – L/rafts, L/boats etc
 Helicopter Assistance / Hi-line tech
 Heavy weather
 Failure of steering gear

1. Response to navigational emergencies.

(a) initial action following: man overboard, collision, grounding, flooding or major
mechanical damage, and receipt of a distress message; initial damage assessment and
control, protection of the marine enviroment.
(b) precautions for the protection and safety of passengers in emergency situations.
(c) use of the International Aeronautical and Marine Search and Rescue (IAMSAR)
Manual (Volume III), distress and emergency signals; Search and Rescue around the
U.K. and world-wide.

2. Response to other emergencies.

(a) understanding of the organisational procedures for the emergency parties and drills.
(b) knowledge of the fire prevention, use and care of the fire-fighting appliances, the
shut-down and isolation of plant and equipment, escape and breathing apparatus, fire and
safety plans.
(c) knowledge of classes and chemistry of fire.
(d) understanding of action to be taken in the event of fire including fires involving oil.
(e) use and care of life-saving appliances and equipment including hand held radio's,
EPIRB's, SART's, immersion suits and thermal protective aide, and rocket throwing
apparatus.
(f) meaning of markings on survival craft and associated equipment.
(g) correct use of distress signals and awareness of penalties for misuse.
(h) launch and manage survival craft and associated equipment.
(i) precaution for the protection and safety of passengers in emergencies.
(j) knowledge of the contents of SOLAS training manuals and maintenance logs.
(k) basic principles of survival.
(l) appreciation of action to be taken when emergencies arise in port.
(m) sources of medical information available.

3. Communications.

(a) use of distress and emergency signals, International Code of Signals and the IMO
Standard Marine Communication Phrases.
(b) emergency communications within the GMDSS regulations.
Shipboard Contingency Plans
 ust be able to respond to all shipboard emergencies – how do we do that

 ISM - Procedures for (identifying/repsond)

 Potential emergency shipboard situations
 So our SMS to ensure company able to respond at any time to hazards,
accidents and emergency situations involving its ships.

 We need to have a programme of drills to prepare for above

 It is important that company shore and shipboard contingency planning is

consistent and appropriately integrated.

– the allocation of duties and responsibilities on board;

– actions to be taken
– communication methods to be used on board;
– procedures for requesting assistance from third parties;
– procedures for notifying the company and reporting to relevant
authorities;
– procedures for dealing with the media or other outside parties.

SHIPBOARD EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

– structural failure;
– main engine failure;
– steering gear failure;
– electrical power failure:
– collision;
– shifting of cargo;
– cargo spillage or contamination;
– fire;
– cargo / ER / Galley / alongside (ssc, fire plans)
– cargo jettisoning;
– flooding;
– abandoning ship;
– man overboard / search and rescue;
– entry into enclosed spaces;
– serious injury;
– terrorism or piracy;
– helicopter operations; and
– heavy weather damages.
– SOPEP – bunker spill
COLLISION

Procedure

Sound the General alarm and make a repeated PA-Announcements about the situation.

All crew muster according to the Fire Muster List.

Bridge

 Stop the Engine.

 Stop ventilation.

 Assess the extent of the damage.

 If vessel is in imminent danger of sinking prepare for abandoning vessel.

 Owners to be contacted immediately by fastest means - if the Master is occupied due to the

imminent danger of his Vessel somebody else must make the call.

 Call for Medical assistance if required.

 Maintain log of events and ensure evidence is retained.

 Are vessels dead in the water and interlocked?

 Initiate a dialogue with the other Master whether to separate or not taking into

consideration: all spill, stability- and fire-hazards involved.

 If vessels are not interlocked.

 Manoeuvre the vessel to minimise the effect of the collision.

 Offer assistance to the other vessel if possible.

 Prepare initial casualty report to the Company.

 If the vessel is on Fire, leaking oil, leaking cargo and/or vapour, proceed according to

Emergency Procedures for same.

 Broadcast Distress Alert and Messages if the ship is in grave and imminent danger and

immediate assistance is required, otherwise broadcast an urgent message, navigational

warnings to ships in the area.

 If in coastal waters contact Local / Port Authorities.
Fire Station
Muster all personal and advise the Bridge.

Establish communication between all parties involved.

Damage Assessment
 Prepare an "Assessment Team" for inspection, team to be outfitted as situation requires.

 Assess the extent of damage and report to the bridge.

 Are any tanks damaged above or below the water line?

 Sound Tanks - Stability Calculations - Monitor changes.

 Make a print of loadstar as it was prior to the collision and monitor any changes.

 Prepare for Emergency Towing if necessary.

 Monitor Gas Detection System.

 Monitor Tank Pressures.

Engine Control Room

 Initiate check of integrity in the E/R.

 E/R to stand by.

 Services as required.

 Check and maintain ventilation.

 Prepare / Start Generators as necessary.

 Monitor machinery.
FIRE ON DECK
Procedure
Sound the fire alarm.

All crew muster according to the Fire Muster List.

Bridge

 Change to hand steering.

 PA-announcement as necessary.

 Try to identify what is burning.

 Monitor cargo systems.

 Alter course and/or speed to make smoke clear away from vessel.

 Prepare to send casualty message to the Company and Charteres.

 Maintain log of events.

 Try to protect cargo system.

 Warn/Advise other vessels in the vicinity / Declare Hazard Zone

 Appoint on-scene Controller, Ch. Officer if available.

Fire Station
 Evaluate the situation and activate ESD if deemed necessary.
 Activate Water Spray System / Boundary cooling if deemed necessary.
 If persons are missing: Gather details of when last seen and report to Bridge.
 Prepare fire fighting teams.
 Start fire pump(s).
 Monitor Gas Detection System.
 Monitor Tank Pressures: BOG to Dump / Controlled venting via Fwd Vent Riser after the fire
has been extinguished is to be considered.
 One crewmember to be appointed the task of refilling used BA-Bottles.
 Prepare AMBU equipment for immediate use.
 Investigate and assess extent of incident and report to the bridge.

Engine Control Room

 Ensure Air Condition is running on re-circulation.
 Monitor Fire Pumps.
 Prepare / Start Generators as necessary.
 Monitor machinery
GROUNDING

Procedure

Sound the General Alarm, make the appropriate PA announcement, and confirm there are no

missing persons.

Bridge.
 Stop engine.
 Maintain log of all events and communications.
 Transmit "Pan Pan" message.
 Contact the Company and Charteres by fastest means.
 Display lights / shapes for vessels aground.
 Prepare the Casualty message to the Company.
 Check availability of assistance.
 Determine wind speed and direction
 Direction of current setting or tide rising/falling
 Determine any other hazards in the vicinity.
 Report to Port/Local Authorities if within coastal waters
 Advise shipping: Distress / Urgency / Navigational Warning.
 Advise local agent.
 Amver /Jasrep (If applicable)
 In the event of cargo vapour/liquid leakage or pollution consult relevant procedures and
checklists within GSMS.

Fire Control Station.

 If possible check nature of ground.
 In the event of a leakage from the cargo system, initiate ESD and start the Water Spray
System.
 Assess the Pollution and/or Environmental impact and use best possible means to limit
damage.
 Soundings to be taken both internally and externally to assess what part of the vessel is
aground and whether the vessel is tight.
 Prepare the Emergency Towing Equipment for use.
 Situation Report / Damage Assessment / Stability
 Cargo Containment System / Hold and Cofferdams.
 Ballast Tanks and adjacent lines.
 Monitor cargo tank pressure and dump steam if necessary. If steam dump is not possible
assess the possibility of controlled venting (time permitting) via heaters and valve CG 702
to the forward vent riser or directly to the vent riser via valve CG 702.

Engine Control Room.

 Internal soundings.
 Situation Report / Damage Assessment
 Engine Room
 Bunker tanks
 Air Condition to be on recirculation if required.
 Monitor pumps and other machinery.
 If any water ingress is observed in the Duct Keel, mount the spool piece for emergency
suction at
STEERING GEAR FAILURE
Procedure

Sound General Alarm – PA Announcement.

Bridge team
 Navigational hazards / proximity of other vessels / manoeuvre vessel
 Security message
 Display signals
 Weather conditions / rate of drift / monitor position
 Prepare to let go anchors
 Casualty message as per Company Procedures.
 Local assistance / Other vessels /Lloyds Open Form
 Prepare for towage if necessary
 Abandon Ship / Prepare Lifeboats.
 Maintain Log of events.

Fire Control Station

Monitor UHF and assist as required by bridge / Engine Room.

Engine Control Room.

Engine Room Control

Engine ready for manoeuvre.

Situation report to bridge / updates / estimate of time required to restore steering system.

Assistance from crew as necessary

EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
3.1 Emergency equipment should be of good quality and the following minimum scale of equipment is
specified for the purpose of the Regulations and should be provided on each side of the ship and stowed in
one or
more lockers:
Fireman’s axe (long handled) 1
Fireman’s axe (short handled) 1
Pin maul (7 lb) 1
Crowbar 1
Hand lamp/torch 4
Padded lifting strop (adult)(1) 6
Padded lifting strop (child)(2) 2
Hand-powered lifting arrangement(1,3) 3
Lightweight rigid collapsible ladder at least 3 metres long(4) 1
Lightweight rope ladder (equal in length to beam of ship or 10 metres
whichever is less(4) 1
First Aid Kit 1
Blankets (sealed in plastic bags) or thermal protective aids 6
Waterproof jackets and trousers 4 sets

RO RO / Passenger ship SAR OP plans

 Quick establishment of comms
 Up to date info for SAR
 Provide ship with info on SAR ops to help in decision making
 Not just for when vessel itself in danger but if she is osc or involved in SAR op

If on reg run then must draw up plan with all SAR ops on route, if multi ie cruise then
one will do & info can be passed quickly to any sar op on route if necessary.