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  • Basic Principles of Ship Propulsion 6

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    Ormuz SI
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    1) The length between perpendiculars (LPP) is the length of a ship measured between the forward and aftmost perpendicular lines, which is usually slightly less than the waterline length (LWL). 2) A ship's draught (D) is defined as the vertical distance from the waterline to the deepest point of the hull. The foremost (DF) and aftmost (DA) draughts are normally the same when the ship is loaded. 3) Important factors in describing a ship's hull include the breadth on the waterline (BWL), block coefficient (CB), waterplane area coefficient (CWL), and midship section coefficient (CM). The block coefficient indicates hull shape and affects

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    Principios de propulsion marina 4

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    1) The length between perpendiculars (LPP) is the length of a ship measured between the forward and aftmost perpendicular lines, which is usually slightly less than the waterline length (LWL). 2) A ship's draught (D) is defined as the vertical distance from the waterline to the deepest point of the hull. The foremost (DF) and aftmost (DA) draughts are normally the same when the ship is loaded. 3) Important factors in describing a ship's hull include the breadth on the waterline (BWL), block coefficient (CB), waterplane area coefficient (CWL), and midship section coefficient (CM). The block coefficient indicates hull shape and affects

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    34 views1 page

    Basic Principles of Ship Propulsion 6

    Uploaded by

    Ormuz SI
    1) The length between perpendiculars (LPP) is the length of a ship measured between the forward and aftmost perpendicular lines, which is usually slightly less than the waterline length (LWL). 2) A ship's draught (D) is defined as the vertical distance from the waterline to the deepest point of the hull. The foremost (DF) and aftmost (DA) draughts are normally the same when the ship is loaded. 3) Important factors in describing a ship's hull include the breadth on the waterline (BWL), block coefficient (CB), waterplane area coefficient (CWL), and midship section coefficient (CM). The block coefficient indicates hull shape and affects

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    The length between perpendiculars is

    the length between the foremost per


    pendicular, i.e. usually a vertical line
    through the stem’s intersection with
    the waterline, and the aftmost perpen Waterline plane AM D
    dicular which, normally, coincides with
    AWL
    the rudder axis. Generally, this length is
    slightly less than the waterline length,
    and is often expressed as: L PP
    L WL
    LPP = 0.97 × LWL BW
    L

    Draught D
    The ship’s draught D (often T is used in :
    Volume of displacement
    literature) is defined as the vertical dis
    tance from the waterline to that point of Waterline area : A WL
    the hull which is deepest in the water,
    see Figs. 2 and 3. The foremost draught Block coefficient, LWL based : CB =
    DF and aftmost draught DA are normally LWL x BWL x D
    the same when the ship is in the loaded Midship section coefficient : CM = AM
    condition. BWL x D
    Longitudinal prismatic coefficient : CP =
    Breadth on waterline BWL AM x LWL
    Another important factor is the hull’s Waterplane area coefficient AWL
    : CWL = LWL x BWL
    largest breadth on the waterline BWL,
    see Figs. 2 and 3.

    Block coefficient CB Fig. 3: Hull coefficients of a ship


    Various form coefficients are used to
    express the shape of the hull. The most
    important of these coefficients is the AWL
    block coefficient CB, which is defined service speeds, on different types of CWL =
    as the ratio between the displacement ships. It shows that large block coeffi LWL × BWL
    volume ∇ and the volume of a box with cients correspond to low speeds and
    dimensions LWL × BWL × D, see Fig. 3, i.e.: vice versa. Generally, the waterplane area coeffi
    cient is some 0.10 higher than the block
    ∇ Approxi coefficient, i.e.:
    CB = Block
    LWL × BWL × D Ship type coefficient
    mate ship
    CWL ≅ CB + 0.10.
    speed V
    CB
    in knots
    In the case cited above, the block co This difference will be slightly larger on
    efficient refers to the length on water Lighter 0.90 5 – 10 fast vessels with small block coefficients
    line LWL. However, shipbuilders often use Bulk carrier where the stern is also partly immersed
    0.80 – 0.85 12 – 17
    block coefficient CB, PP based on the in the water and thus becomes part of
    length between perpendiculars, LPP, in Tanker 0.80 – 0.85 12 –16 the ”waterplane” area.
    which case the block coefficient will, as a
    General cargo 0.55 – 0.75 13 – 22
    rule, be slightly larger because, as previ Midship section coefficient CM
    ously mentioned, LPP is normally slightly Container ship 0.50 – 0.70 14 – 26 A further description of the hull form is
    less than LWL. provided by the midship section coeffi
    Ferry boat 0.50 – 0.70 15 – 26
    ∇ cient CM, which expresses the ratio be
    C B ,PP = tween the immersed midship section
    LPP × BWL × D Table 3: Examples of block coefficients area AM (midway between the foremost
    and the aftmost perpendiculars) and the
    A small block coefficient means less re Water plane area coefficient CWL product of the ship’s breadth BWL and
    sistance and, consequently, the possibil The water plane area coefficient CWL draught D, see Fig. 3, i.e.:
    ity of attaining higher speeds. expresses the ratio between the ves
    sel’s waterline area AWL and the product AM
    Table 3 shows some examples of block of the length LWL and the breadth BWL of CM =
    coefficient sizes, and the pertaining BWL × D
    the ship on the waterline, see Fig. 3, i.e.:

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