SECTION 9-T A N K S

PT. GLOBAL POWER SERVICES

SECTION 9

TANKS

Rev. Date/Checked Date/Approved Date/Issued Notes

Orig. Original Issue
Rev.A
Rev.B
Rev.C
Rev.D

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SECTION 9-T A N K S

PT. GLOBAL POWER SERVICES

SECTION. 9 TANKS

Index Page

9. TANKS

9.1 GENERAL

9.2 DRAWINGS

9.3 STRESS CALCULATION

9.4 MATERIAL

9.5 WELDING

9.6 TOLERANCES

9.7 FINISHING

9.8 INSPECTIONS

9.9 TEST AT THE MILL SITE

9.10 LINING AND SURFACE TREATMENT

9.11 TRANSPORTATION, PACKAGING AND MARKING

9.12 SUB-SUPPLIERS

9.13 FURTHER REFERENCES

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SECTION 9-T A N K S

Section 9

TANKS
9.1 General
The purpose of this specification is to define the inspection principles for steel tanks
not subject to the laws and regulations concerning pressure vessels. The inspections
shall be based on this specification.
If discrepancies exist between this general specification and the Purchaser's drawings
or other specifications, the last mentioned shall apply.
If the Vendor wants to modify any of the details, e.g. dimensions or materials, he shall
submit his suggestions for the Purchaser's or his representative's approval.

9.2 Drawings
- main dimensions of the tank

- estimated quantities, and nominal sizes of different connections, e.g. inlet,

pumping and overflow connections, manholes etc.

- information concerning the location of the tank that might influence stress

calculations and is not given in any other document

- internal construction of the tank

- references of standards

- thicknesses of the shells, roof and bottom plates (see Item 1.4 above)

- inspection requirements

- manufacturing tolerances

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The Vendor shall make his own manufacturing drawings, taking into account the
necessary process and strength aspects. The Vendor has however, the right to change
the construction to suit his manufacturing methods, provided that this does not cause
any drawbacks in the functioning of the tanks.

Plant Owner reserves the right to check and comment on the Vendor's manufacturing
drawings, especially concerning the process, the dimensions and the strength. The
Vendor shall incorporate the Purchaser's changes without extra compensation if they are
brought forth before starting the manufacture.

The Vendor must not start the manufacture (e.g. order the plates) of the tanks before the
approval of manufacturing drawings by the Purchaser or his representative.
A checking made by the Purchaser does not free the Vendor from his responsibilities.
The Vendor shall supply "As-Built" drawings for the tanks.

9.3 Stress Calculation

The Following shall be taken into account in the stress calculations :
- hydrostatic pressure and weight of the contents, earthquakes, wind etc.
- dynamic loads caused by agitator or mlet of a fluid
- loads caused by insulation and possible lining
- loads caused by different platforms, ladders, etc.
- any loads appearing during manufacture, operation, maintenance, inspection, etc.

Carbon steel tanks shall have a corrosion allowance of not less than 2 mm. If the
construction is in contact with a liquid on both sides, the corrosion allowance shall be
doubled (e.g. a dividing wall in the tank).

No corrosion allowance is needed in stainless steel tanks, if not especially required.

The minimum thickness of the shell, bottom and the roof of carbon steel tanks is 6 mm,
and of stainless steel tanks 4 mm.

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9.31 Calculation Code

Atmospheric tanks to be calculated according to API 650 where applicable.

9.4 Material
9.41 If not otherwise specified in drawings or other specifications, the material of all
reinforcements, manholes and connections shall be the same as the tank material, or
better.

9.42 Bolting
The flanges shall be of slip-on type minimum ASME/ANSI B 16.5 class 150 or MSS SP
44 class 150 DN sizes above DN 600. All flange bolts and nuts shall be according to
standards AISI 18.2.2 and AISI 18.2.1. Bolts, nuts and washers used in stainless
steel tanks shall be hot dip galvanized.
For flanges which have to be opened often, stainless steel bolts and nuts shall be supplied.

9.43 Foundation Bolts

The foundation bolts shall not be supplied by the Vendor unless otherwise specified.

9.5 Welding
Generally the specifications of API 650: Vertical Steel Welded Storage Tanks with
Butt Welded Shells for the Petroleum Industry are to be followed.
The seams between the shell and the bottom and the shell and the roof shall be welded
on both sides. Other butt welds shall be welded on both sides, if the thickness of the
plate so requires. The weld preparations shall conform to the requirements of the welding
method used.

The shell shall be butt welded so that the inside of the tank is even.

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The bottoms and the roofs of lined tanks shall be butt welded. The Vendor shall furnish
his drawings with marks indicating the shape of the weld, the welding material used, and
the welding methods.

The Vendor shall select the welding method most appropriate for the purpose.

The quality of the welds shall correspond to at least IIW green (3) without root defects
(IIW International Institute of Welding).

In case the weld seems to be of inferior quality or in case the Purchaser suspects
some *' other faults in welding, he or his representative can require X-ray,
ultrasonic, etc. tests. If any imperfections are found, the Vendor shall make a new
weld, and bear the costs incurred. The Vendor shall also bear the costs of the inspection.
The new weld shall also be inspected, and also the costs of this inspection shall be born by
the Vendor.

For every X-ray picture two additional pictures shall be taken if necessary, paid by
the Vendor. The inspector (Purchaser) selects the seams to be inspected.

The seams shall not be interrupted by connections, manholes, etc. Welds must not cross
at corners, but the plates shall be moved so that seams are T-shaped only.

Welding shall be carried out in good, controlled conditions. The work place shall be
protected from humidity and rain, and the temperature shall be high enough during
welding. The rods shall be kept warm and dry while in storage.

Work places shall be dry. Before starting the welding, the edges of the pieces to be
welded shall be carefully cleaned of dirt, oil, slag, etc.

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9.6 Tolerances
If the Purchaser or the authorities do not otherwise require, instructions given in
Appendix I of ……… shall be followed.

If tolerances given in drawings or other documents differ from the tolerances given in
……. Appendix I, the first mentioned shall be applied.

9.7 Finishing
Burrs, slags, or any other imperfections are not allowed on the surface of the tank.
All imperfections such as pits, hollows, porosity, etc. exceeding 1.5 mm shall be
removed by welding or grinding before painting. Plasters, glue or other such
materials shall never be used to remove the above mentioned imperfections.

The inside welds of tanks shall be ground flush with the inside surface of the tank,
and welds in corners shall be made round by grinding.

Internal surfaces of all tanks subject to lining shall be clean and free of rust before the
start of the lining work.

No welding, heating or deforming work shall be made to tanks after the start of lining
work.

In order to assure the proper fitting of the equipment connected with the vessels such
as agitators, scrapers, mixers, etc., the equipment shall be fully fitted and then
disassembled before starting the lining.

Special steels (fine grained steel) shall be marked with charge numbers. A circle
shall be painted with indicating paint around the mark so that it can easily be found.

The Vendor shall hand over a drawing indicating charge numbers and the plate
thicknesses used and measured.

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Erection supports shall not be removed by breaking. They shall be removed either by
gas cutting or with an abrasive wheel. Any damages on plate surfaces shall be repaired.

All holes made by gas cutting shall be ground.

Pipe and other supports, consoles, platform supports, etc. must not be welded directly on
the tank shell. A reinforcement plate shall be welded on the shell, and the support
structure shall be fastened on this plate.

9.8 Inspections
The Vendor shall, in advance, inform the Purchaser of the date on which the
manufacture starts. The Purchaser or his representative has the right to inspect the
work, its progress, the supervision and the quality, as well as the constructions and
the materials used. In spite of the Purchaser's or his representative's inspection, the
Vendor is responsible for the product.
The lining supplier shall inspect the tanks to be lined before starting the lining
work. The Purchaser and the lining supplier shall together issue an inspection
report and certify that the tank meets the project requirements and the requirements
for the surfaces to be lined.

If not otherwise agreed, the Vendor shall advise the Purchaser in writing one week
in advance to inspect the following manufacturing stages :
- tank materials
- surface treatment
- dimensions
- hydrostatic test (water test), vacuum test
- inspection of welds (X-ray, ultrasonic, etc.)

The above-mentioned manufacturing stages can be accepted without inspection

only with the inspector's written approval and the Purchaser's authorization.
A release certificate issued for one or several manufacturing stages does not free
the Vendor from his full responsibility for any imperfection noticed at a later
manufacturing stage or during the guarantee period.

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9.9 Test at the Plant

9.91 General
The inside and outside surfaces of the tank shall be cleaned and free from slag and
scale, paint, oil, grease, etc. before the inspections and the hydrostatic tests (water
test).

The test method shall be indicated in the manufacturing drawings. The test methods
shall at least correspond to the requirements set by the authorities.

The gaskets shall be changed after the tests without charge. Gaskets containing
graphite shall not be used for stainless steel tanks.

The Vendor shall make all the preparations for the tests.

Any X-ray or other corresponding tests shall be made before the hydrostatic test
(water test).

The Vendor shall inform the Purchaser about tests at least two working days in
advance.

The costs incurred for all renewed tests and inspections as well as additional tests
shall be born by the Vendor.

Renewed tests shall be performed until the results can be accepted.

9.92 Acceptance test and procedure '
All tanks included in the supply shall be tested before acceptance. The following
acceptance tests and inspections shall be carried out:
- inspection of materials
- inspection of dimensions and manufacturing tolerances
- hydrostatic test (water test)
- vacuum test
- inspection of welds
- other inspections

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SECTION 9-T A N K S

9.921 Inspection of Materials

Materials used shall conform to materials specified in drawings.
Also the inspection of manufacturing tolerance shall be included. If no tolerances are
indicated in the drawings, tolerances according to Lrapp-m22 shall be used.

9.923 Hydrostatic Test

To perform the hydrostatic test the tank shall be filled with water. If the authorities
do not otherwise require, the tank shall be filled with water for 24 hours. The
temperature of the water shall be such that no condensation appears on the outer
surface of the tank during the test. Tanks lined with plate shall also have
appropriately installed leakage detection pipes and the plastic hoses shall be led to a
control station. All tanks will be hydro tested prior to being lined. As the ground
water used for filling the tanks is low P.H. , 2 kgs of flake caustic will be added for
every 100 m^ of water used. This will raise the P.H to plus 8.5

9.924 Preload Tests

See Owner procedures.

9.925 Inspection of Welds

If the authorities, the Purchaser or the Purchaser's representative so requires, the welds
shall be inspected according to the requirements of the authorities or the Purchaser. These
will be identified as a need arises.

Special attention shall be paid to the welds at the joins of the cone and the cylinders in the
pulp towers. These welds shall be 100% X-ray tested. Alternatively a magnet powder test
("Magna flux") or a penetration test may be required. Vertical seams and joints of
horizontal and vertical seams of the tanks and towers shall be tested as follows if not
otherwise specified :
5 X-rays for vertical seams/tank
3 X-rays of joints of horizontal and vertical seams/tanks

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9.926 Other Inspections

Other objects to be tested and inspected in connection with the acceptance test are :
- staircases, platforms, manholes, etc.
- the correct fastening of pipe supports and steel platforms
- inspection of the surface treatment (film thickness measurement)
- correct installation of tank insulation
- functional checking of overflows

9.93 Acceptance Test Report

An inspection report will be signed by both the contractor and Owner representative as
outlined in this manual.

9.10 Lining and Surface Treatment

The type of lining, insulation and surface treatment shall be indicated in the
drawings.

Cold tanks are to be painted externally (internally only if specifically requested).

The insulation shall be made according to the project document "Technical

Stipulation for Thermal Insulation" .

The tanks shall be primer painted according to the project document for
painting. The lining procedure of carbon steel tanks with stainless steel plate is
explained in ……Appendix II.

9.11 Transportation, Packaging and Marking

The Vendor is responsible for proper packaging to protect the supply against
damages during transportation or damages caused by humidity.

Lined tanks or other tanks that must not be welded shall have the following
inscription clearly visible: INSIDE LINING - DO NOT WELD.

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SECTION 9-T A N K S

The tanks shall be marked according to the Purchaser's instructions. The nameplate
shall be according to Purchaser's instruction.

9.12 Sub-suppliers
The Vendor is fully responsible for work performed by his subcontractor. The
subcontractor shall be approved by the Purchaser.

9.13 For further references to Tank age per Tolerances, Linings, etc. refer to …….

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