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IUBAT – International University of Business Agriculture and Technology

Course Name : Business Communication

Course Code : BUS 201
Report
On
Sustainable Cities & Comunities

Submitted To:
Mahmuda Ali
Course Instructor
IUBAT – International University of Business
Agriculture and Technology

Submitted By:
Name : Eshita Akter
ID :17102069
Section :B
Serial : 45

Submission Date:

29-07-2018

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 Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY :_______________________________________________________________________4

1. INTRODUCTION_________________________________________________________________________________5

2. WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE CITY :_____________________________________________________________5

2.1 Some sustainable Cities : The top 10 sustainable cities are given below -______________________________5

3. WHAT IS UNSUSTAINABLE CITY :________________________________________________________5

3.1 Some unsustainable Cities :__________________________________________________________________6

4. SOME FACTS AND FIGURE :_________________________________________________________________6

5. TARGET GOALS :______________________________________________________________________________7

6 . DHAKA IS A SUSTAINABLE CITY OR NOT :____________________________________________8

7. WHAT MAKES CITY SUSTAINABLE :___________________________________________________8

8. CONCLUSION :__________________________________________________________________________________9

Bibliography_________________________________________________________________________________________10

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Executive Summary : Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and
sustainable. Urbanization along with overall population growth could add another 2.5 billion
people to urban populations by 2050. Therefore targets specified in this goal have much to do
with providing adequate and equitable services to accommodate the large influx of people
moving to urban areas and the opportunities to promote sustainable lifestyles as a result. It
includes targets for providing safe and affordable housing, upgrading slums, as well as
Improving road safety and expanding public transport.

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1. Introduction : Sustainable cities and communities is the 11th goal of sustainable development
goal . More than half of the world’s population now live in urban areas. By 2050, that figure will have
risen to 6.5 billion people – two-thirds of all humanity. Sustainable development cannot be achieved
without significantly transforming the way we build and manage our urban spaces.

The rapid growth of cities in the developing world, coupled with increasing rural to urban migration, has
led to a boom in mega-cities. In 1990, there were ten mega-cities with 10 million inhabitants or more. In
2014, there are 28 mega-cities, home to a total 453 million people.

Extreme poverty is often concentrated in urban spaces, and national and city governments struggle to
accommodate the rising population in these areas. Making cities safe and sustainable means ensuring
access to safe and affordable housing, and upgrading slum settlements. It also involves investment in
public transport, creating green public spaces, and improving urban planning and management in a way
that is both participatory and inclusive.

2. What is Sustainable City : Making cities safe and sustainable means ensuring access to

safe and affordable housing, and upgrading slum settlements. It also involves investment in
public transport, creating green public spaces, and improving urban planning and management in
a way that is both participatory and inclusive.

2.1 Some sustainable Cities : The top 10 sustainable cities are given below -
o Frankfurt
o London
o Copenhagen;
o Amsterdam
o Rotterdam
o Berlin
o Seoul
o Hong Kong
o Madrid
o Singapore

3. What is Unsustainable City : Unsustainable Cities Are Bankrupting the Planet's

Resources. If more people move into unsustainable cities, resource consumption will
increase, meaning urbanization could lead to near certain disaster, not just with global climate,
but also with regards to air pollution and water

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 3.1 Some unsustainable Cities : Well for insurance companies it’s based on the risk of
cities. Therefore SwissRe an insurance company has calculated the 10 riskiest metropolitan areas
in the world. Based on three major threats

 River Flooding
 Earthquakes
 Storms
The unsustainable cities are :

o Teheran
o Los Angeles
o Shanghai
o Calcutta (Kolkata)
o Osaka-Kobe
o Tokyo-Yokohama

4. Some facts and figure :

 3.5 billion people, half of the world’s population, live in cities. By 2050, the urban
population is expected to reach 6.5 billion
 Cities occupy just 3 percent of the Earth’s land but account for 60 to 80 percent of energy
consumption and 75 percent of carbon emissions.
 Currently 828 million people live in slums, and the number is rising.
 In 1990, there were 10 cities with 10 million inhabitants or more; by 2014,the number of
“mega-cities” had reached 28.
 In the coming decades, 95 percent of urban expansion will take place in the developing
world.
 1.2 billion jobs depend on a healthy and stable environment.

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5. Target Goals :

 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and
upgrade slums

 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all,
improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs
of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons

 By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated
and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries

 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage

 By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and
substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused
by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in
vulnerable situations

 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying
special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management

 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in
particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities

 Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural
areas by strengthening national and regional development planning

 By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and
implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and
adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at
all levels

 Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in
building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials

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6 . Dhaka is a sustainable city or not : As we all know that Dhaka is one the mega
cities in the world and is the most populated city in Bangladesh. The Greater Dhaka Area has a
population of over 18 million as of 2016, while the city itself has a population estimated at about
8.5 million. It is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with a density of 23,234
people per square kilometres within a total area of 300 square kilometres. The annual 'Liveability
Index', published by the Economist Intelligence Unit, listed Dhaka as the second least liveable
city in the world. Dhaka is the most uninhabitable city. Its air is much pullulated. Traffic
congestion eats up several valuable and productive hours from human lives each day.

7. What makes city sustainable : We can make our city sustainable by creating
awareness among us . There is some way which is given below –

 Goals that are ambitious and well – defined with regular progress reports
 Generating electricity using sustainable resources

 Strict building codes that favor green technology

 Investment in greener public transportation

 Policies and efforts to drastically cut water consumption and waste

 An increase in density

 Encouraging creative, knowledge – based economies

 Access to healthy and affordable food

 A city government that leads by example

 Encouraging of grassroots efforts that will engage the citizens

 By following Traffic Rules

 We should throw garbage in the right place

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8. Conclusion : Cities provide a home for more than half of the world’s population, a
proportion that is expected to increase to 66 % by 2050. Although rapid urbanisation poses many
planning challenges, it also offers important opportunities for economic growth, innovation and
efficient economies of scale in the provision of basic services. SDG 11 aims to renew and plan
cities and other human settlements so that they offer opportunities for all, with access to basic
services, energy, housing, transportation, green public spaces and others, while improving
resource use and reducing environmental impacts. With sound, risk-informed and smart planning
and management, SDG 11 envisions cities as environmentally resilient human settlements, which
drive sustainable development, stimulate innovation and foster community cohesion and
personal safety. SDG 11 calls for the world’s cultural and natural heritage to be protected and for
support for positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and
rural areas. It also stands for enhanced international cooperation and support to least-developed
countries for building sustainable and resilient buildings

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Bibliography
(n.d.). Retrieved from https://cleantechnica.com/2015/01/02/makes-sustainable-city-thoughts-
key-components-future-sustainable-cities/

Enayet, N. A. ( 2017 , march 10). The Daily Sun . Retrieved from http://www.daily-
sun.com/printversion/details/211062/Sustainable-Urban-Planning-for-Dhaka

United Nation Development Programme . (n.d.). Retrieved from

http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-11-sustainable-
cities-and-communities.html

Unknown. (2014, March 31). KEEP IT PURE & SIMPLE. Retrieved from
keepitpureandsimple.wordpress.com:
https://keepitpureandsimple.wordpress.com/2014/03/31/the-most-unsustainable-cities-in-the-
world/

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