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    lyra_arya7
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    The Alaska pipeline transports crude oil nearly 800 miles from the Arctic Ocean to an ice-free port. It crosses tundra, mountains, forests, and hundreds of rivers and streams, either elevated above the ground or buried up to 12 feet deep. Eight major oil companies formed a consortium to share the enormous $8 billion cost of constructing the massive pipeline, with each company paying according to the size of its oil field holdings. Despite challenges, the pipeline is now operational.

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    TOEFL Reading Practice Questions 1

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    TOEFL Reading

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    The Alaska pipeline transports crude oil nearly 800 miles from the Arctic Ocean to an ice-free port. It crosses tundra, mountains, forests, and hundreds of rivers and streams, either elevated above the ground or buried up to 12 feet deep. Eight major oil companies formed a consortium to share the enormous $8 billion cost of constructing the massive pipeline, with each company paying according to the size of its oil field holdings. Despite challenges, the pipeline is now operational.

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    332 views4 pages

    Practice Questions 1-10

    Uploaded by

    lyra_arya7
    The Alaska pipeline transports crude oil nearly 800 miles from the Arctic Ocean to an ice-free port. It crosses tundra, mountains, forests, and hundreds of rivers and streams, either elevated above the ground or buried up to 12 feet deep. Eight major oil companies formed a consortium to share the enormous $8 billion cost of constructing the massive pipeline, with each company paying according to the size of its oil field holdings. Despite challenges, the pipeline is now operational.

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    of 4

    Practice Questions 1–10

    The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean. It stretches
    southward across the largest and northernmost state in the United States, ending at a
    remote ice-free seaport village nearly 800 miles from where it begins. It is massive in
    size and extremely complicated to operate.

    The steel pipe crosses windswept plains and endless miles of delicate tundra that tops
    the frozen ground. It weaves through crooked canyons climbs sheer mountains,
    plunges over rocky crags, makes its way through thick forests, and passes over or
    under hundreds of rivers and streams. The pipe is 4 feet in diameter, and up to 2
    million barrels (or 84 million gallons) of crude oil can be pumped through it daily.

    Resting on H-shaped steel racks called "bents," long sections of the pipeline follow a
    zigzag course high above the frozen earth. Other long sections drop out of sight
    beneath spongy or rocky ground and return to the surface later on. The pattern of the
    pipeline's up-and-down route is determined by the often harsh demands of the arctic
    and subarctic climate, the tortuous lay of the land, and the varied compositions of soil,
    rock, or permafrost (permanently frozen ground). A little more than half of the pipeline
    is elevated above the ground.

    The remainder is buried anywhere from 3 to 12 feet, depending largely upon the type
    of terrain and the properties of the soil.

    One of the largest in the world, the pipeline cost approximately $8 billion and is by far
    the biggest and most expensive construction project ever undertaken by private
    industry. In fact, no single business could raise that much money, so eight major oil
    companies formed a consortium in order to share the costs. Each company controlled
    oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline-
    construction fund according to the size of its holdings. Today, despite enormous
    problems of climate, supply shortages, equipment breakdowns, labor disagreements,
    treacherous terrain, a certain amount of mismanagement, and even theft, the Alaska
    pipeline has been completed and is operating.

    1. The passage primarily discusses the pipeline's


    A. A. operating costs
    B. B. employees
    C. C. consumers
    D. D. construction

    2. The word "it" in line 5 refers to the


    A. A. pipeline
    B. B. ocean
    C. C. state
    D. D. village

    3. According to the second paragraph, 84 million gallons of oil can travel


    through the pipeline each
    A. A. day
    B. B. week
    C. C. month
    D. D. year

    4. The phrase "Resting on" in line 15 is closest in meaning to


    A. A. Consisting of
    B. B. Supported by
    C. C. Passing under
    D. D. Protected with

    5. The author mentions all of the following in the third paragraph as important
    in determining the pipeline's route EXCEPT the
    A. A. climate
    B. B. lay of the land itself
    C. C. local vegetation
    D. D. kind of soil and rock

    6. The word "undertaken" in line 31 is closest in meaning to


    A. A. removed
    B. B. selected
    C. C. transported
    D. D. attempted

    7. According to the last paragraph, how many companies shared the costs of
    constructing the pipeline?
    A. A. three
    B. B. four
    C. C. eight
    D. D. twelve
    8. The word "particular" in line 35 is closest in meaning to
    A. A. peculiar
    B. B. specific
    C. C. exceptional
    D. D. equal

    9. According to the last paragraph, which of the following determined what


    percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium would pay?
    A. A. How much oil field land each company owned
    B. B. How long each company had owned land in the oil fields
    C. C. How many people worked for each company
    D. D. How many oil wells were located on the company's land

    10. Where in the passage does the author provide a term for a layer of soil that
    always remains frozen?
    A. A. Line 4
    B. B. Line 15
    C. C. Line 23
    D. D. Line 37
    ANSWERS

    1D

    2A

    34

    4B

    5C

    6D

    7C

    8B

    9A

    10 C

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