PREVIOUS YEAR

PROBLEM SOLVING
IIT JEE MAIN + ADVANCED
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

BY
JITENDRA HIRWANI

IONIC
EQUILIBRIUM

ETOOSINDIA
INDIA’S NO. 1 ONLINE COACHING

Plot No. 38, Near Union Bank of India, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar,
Kota, Rajasthan – 324005 Mob. : 9214233303
 ETOOSINDIA J.H. SIR
INDIA’S NO. 1 ONLINE COACHING

JEE MAINS
1. 1 M NaCl and 1 M HCl are present in an aqueous solution. The solution is [AIEEE-2002]
(1) not a buffer solution with pH < 7 (2) not a buffer solution with pH > 7
(3) a buffer solution with pH < 7 (4) a buffer solution with pH > 7
Ans. (1)
2. The solubility of Mg(OH)2 is s moles/litre. The solubility product under the same condition is [AIEEE-2002]
(1) 4S3 (2) 3S4 (3) 4S2 (4) S3.
Ans. (1)
3. The solubility in water of a sparingly soluble salt AB2 is 1.0 × 10–5 mol L–1. Its solubility product will be :

A
[AIEEE-2003]

I
(1) 4 × 10–15 (2) 4 × 10–10 (3) 1 × 10–15 (4) 1 × 10–10.
Ans. (1)
4. When rain is accompanied by a thunderstorm, the collected rain water will have a pH value. [AIEEE-2003]

D
(1) slightly lower than that of rain water without thunderstorm
(2) slightly higher than that when the thunderstorm is not there

N
(3) uninfluenced by occurrence of thunderstorm

I
(4) which depends on the amount of dust in in air.
5. The conjugate base of H2PO4– is [AIEEE-2004]
3– 2–
(1) PO4 (2) P2O5 (3) H3PO4 (4) HPO4
Ans.
6.

Ans.
(1)

(1) s = (Ksp/128)1/4
(4)
(2) s = (128Ksp)1/4 S
The molar solubility (in mol L–1) of a sparingly soluble salt MX4 is ‘s’. The corresponding solubility product is Ksp..
‘s’ is given in terms of Ksp by the relation

O (3) s = (256Ksp)1/5
[AIEEE-2004]
(4) s = (Ksp/256)1/5

O
7. The solubility product of a salt having general formula MX2, in water is 4 × 10–12. The concentration of M2+ ions in
the saturated aqueous solution of the salt is : [AIEEE-2005]
(1) 2.0 × 10–6 M (2) 1.0 × 10–4 M (3) 1.6 × 10–4 M (4) 4.0 × 10–10 M

T
Ans. (2)
8. What is the conjugate base of OH– ? [AIEEE-2005]

E
(1) O2 (2) H2O (3) O– (4) O2–
Ans. (4)
9. Hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L in a solution of pH = 5.4 will be [AIEEE-2005]
8 6 –6 –6
(1) 3.98 × 10 (2) 3.88 × 10 (3) 3.68 × 10 (4) 3.98 × 10
Ans. (4)
10. The first and second dissociation constants of an acid H2A are 1.0 × 10–5 and 5.0 × 10–10 respectively. The overall
dissociation constant of the acid will be [AIEEE-2007]
(1) 5.0 × 10–15 (2) 0.2 × 105 (3) 5.0 × 10–5 (4) 5.0 × 1015
Ans. (1)
11. The pKa of a weak acid (HA) is 4.5. The pOH of an aqueous buffered solution of HA, in which 50% of the acid is
ionized, is : [AIEEE-2007]
(1) 9.5 (2) 7.0 (3) 4.5 (4) 2.5
Ans. (1)

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 ETOOSINDIA J.H. SIR
INDIA’S NO. 1 ONLINE COACHING

12. In a saturated solution of the sparingly soluble strong electrolyte AgIO3 (Molecular mass = 283) the equilibrium
which sets in is
AgIO3(s)  Ag+(aq) + O–3(aq)
If the solubility product constant Ksp of AgO3 at a given temperature is 1.0 × 10–8, what is the mass of AgO3
contained in 100 ml of its saturated solution? [AIEEE-2007]
–7 –4 –2 –3
(1) 1.0 × 10 g (2) 1.0 × 10 g (3) 28.3 × 10 g (4) 2.83 × 10 g
Ans. (4)
13. The pKa of a weak acid, HA, is 4.80. The pKb of a weak base, BOH, is 4.78. The pH of an aqueous solution of the
corresponding salt, BA, will be [AIEEE-2008]
(1) 4.79 (2) 7.01 (3) 9.22 (4) 9.58

A
Ans. (2)
14. Solid Ba(NO3)2 is gradually dissolved in 1.0 × 10–4 M Na2CO3 solution. At what concentration of Ba2+ will a precipitate

I
begin to form ? (Ksp for BaCO3 = 5.1 × 10–9) : [AIEEE-2009]
–5 –8 –7 –5
(1) 5.1 × 10 M (2) 8.1 × 10 M (3) 8.1 × 10 M (4) 4.1 × 10 M

D
Ans. (1)
15. Solubility product of silver bromide is 5.0 × 10–13 . This quantity of potassium bromide (molar mass taken as 120 g
mol–1) to be added to 1 litre of 0.05 M solution of silver nitrate to start the precipitation of AgBr is : [AIEEE-2010]

N
(1) 1.2 × 10–10 g (2) 1.2 × 10–9 g (3) 6.2 × 10–5 g (4) 5.0 × 10–8 g

I
Ans. (2)
16. At 25°C, the solubility product of Mg(OH)2 is 1.0  10–11. At which pH, will Mg2+ ions start precipitating in the form
of Mg(OH)2 from a solution of 0.001 M Mg2+ ions ? [AIEEE-2010]

S
(1) 9 (2) 10 (3) 11 (4) 8
Ans. (2)
17. Three reactions involving H2PO4– are given below : [AIEEE-2010]

O
+ –
(i) H3PO4 + H2O  H3O + H2PO 4

(ii) H2PO4– + H2O  HPO42– + H3O+

(iii) H2PO4– + OH–  H3PO4 + O2–

O
In which of the above does H2PO4– act as an acid ?
(1) (ii) only (2) (i) and (ii) (3) (iii) only (4) (i) only

T
Ans. (1)
18. In aqueous solution the ionization constants for carbonic acid are [AIEEE-2010]

E
K1 = 4.2 × 10–7 and K2 = 4.8 × 10–11
Select the correct statement for a saturated 0.034 M solution of the carbonic acid.
(1) The concentration of CO32– is 0.034 M.
(2) The concentration of CO32– is greater than that of HCO3–.
(3) The concentration of H+ and HCO3– are approximately equal.
(4) The concentration of H+ is double that of CO32–.
Ans. (3)
19. The pH of a 0.1 molar solution of the acid HQ is 3. The value of the ionization constant, Ka of this acid is :
[AIEEE-2012]
–3 –5 –7 –1
(1) 1 × 10 (2) 1 × 10 (3) 1 × 10 (4) 3 × 10
Ans. (3)
20. How many litres of water must be added to 1 litre an aqueous solution of HCl with a pH of 1 to create an aqueous
solution with pH of 2 ? [JEE(Main) 2013]
(1) 0.1 L (2) 0.9 L (3) 2.0 L (4) 9.0 L
Ans. (4)

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Kota, Rajasthan – 324005 Mob. : 9214233303
 ETOOSINDIA J.H. SIR
INDIA’S NO. 1 ONLINE COACHING

21. The correct statement for the molecule, CsI3, is

(1) It contains Cs3+ and I– ions
(2) It contains Cs+, I– and lattice I2 molecule
(3) It is a covalent molecule
(4) It contains Cs + and I3– ions
Ans. (4)
22. pKa of a weak acid (HA) and pKb of a weak base (BOH) are 3.2 and 3.4, respectively. The pH of their salt (AB)
solution is
(1) 7.2 (2) 6.9 (3) 7.0 (4) 1.0
Ans. (2)

I A
N D
S I
O O
E T

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Kota, Rajasthan – 324005 Mob. : 9214233303
 JEE ADVANCED
Subjective Type Questions
1. How many moles of sodium propionate should be added to 1 L of an aqueous solution containing 0.020 mole of
propionic acid to obtain a buffer solution of pH 4.75 ? What will be pH if 0.010 moles of HCl as dissolved in the
above buffer solution ? Compare the last pH value with the pH of 0.010 M HCl solution. Dissociation constant of
propionic acid, Ka at 25°C is 1.34 × 10–5. [JEE-1981]
Ans. pH of 0.01 HCl = 2
2. (i) 20 mL of 0.2 M sodium hydroxide is added to 50 mL of 0.2 M acetic acid solution to give 70 mL of the
solution. What is the pH of this solution ?
(ii) Calculate the additional volume of 0.2 M NaOH required to make the pH of the solution 4.74 (Ionisation
constant of CH3COOH = 1.8 × 10–5). [JEE-1982]
Ans. (i) pH = 4.56 (ii) V = 5.0 mmol NaOH
3. Give reason for the statement that “the pH of an aqueous solution of sodium acetate is more than seven”.
[JEE-1982]
4. The dissociation constant of a week acid HA is 4.9 × 10–8. after making the necessary approximations, calculate
(i) pH [JEE 1982]
(ii) OH– concentration in a decimolar solution of the acid.
(Water has pH of 7).
Ans. (i) pH = 4.15 (ii) [OH–] = 1.43 × 10–10 M
5. A solution contains a mixture of Ag+ (0,10 M) and Hg2+ (0.10 M) which are to be separated by selective precipitation.
Calculate the maximum concentration of iodide ion at which one of them gets precipitated almost completely. What
percentage of that metal ion is precipitated ? [JEE-1984]
Ans. % Ag+ precipitated = 99.83
6. The concentration of hydrogen ions in a 0.20 M solution of formic acid is 6.4 × 10–3 mol/L. To this solution, sodium
formate is added so as to adjust the concentration of sodium formate to one mole per litre. what will ne the pH of this
solution ? The dissociation constant of formic acid is 2.4 × 10–4 and the degree of dissociation of sodium formate is
0.75. [JEE-1985]
Ans. pH = –log (6.4 × 10–5) = 4.20
7. The solubility of Mg(OH)2 in pure water is 9.57 × 10–3 g/L. Calculate its solubility (in g/L) in 0.02 M Mg(NO3)2
solution. [JEE-1986]
Ans. 8.7 × 10–4 gL–1
8. What is the pH of the solution when 0.20 mole of HCl is added to one litre of a solution containing
(i) 1 M each of acetic acid and acetate ion, [JEE-1987]
(ii) 0.1 M each of acetic acid and acetate ion ?
Assume the total volume is one litre.
Ka for acetic acid = 1.8 × 10–5.
Ans. (i) pH = 4.56 (ii) pH = 1.0
9. How many gram-mole of HCl will be required to prepare one litre of buffer solution (containing NaCN and HCl) of pH
8.5 using 0.01 g formula weight of NaCn ? [JEE-1988]
KHCN = 4.1 × 10–10
Ans. 0.177 mmol
10. Freshly precipitated aluminium and magnesium hydroxides are stirred vigorously in a buffer solution containing
0.25 mol/L of NH4Cl and 0.05 M of ammonium hydroxide. Calculate the concentration of aluminium and magnesium
ions in solution. [JEE-1989]
Kb[NH4OH] = 1.8 × 10–5
Ksp [Mg(OH)2] = 8.9 × 10–12
Ksp [Al(OH)3] = 6 × 10–32
Ans. [Al3+] = 1.28 × 10–15 M, [Mg2+] = 0.68 M
11. What is the pH of a 1.0 M solution of acetic acid? To what volume must one litre of this solution be diluted so that
the pH of the resulting solution will be twice the original value ? Given Ka = 1.8 × 10–5 [JEE-1990]
Ans. 27.28 × 103 L
12. What volume of 0.1 M sodium formate solution should be added to 50 mL of 0.05 M formic acid to produce a buffer
solution of pH = 4.0 ; pKa of formic acid = 3.80 ? [Roorkee 1990]
Ans. V = 39.62 mL
13. Calculate the pH at the equivalence point when a solution of 0.1 M acetic acid is titrated with a solution of 0.1 M
NaOH. ka for acid = 1.9 × 10–5. [Roorkee 1990]
Ans. pH = 8.71
14. The solubility product of Ag2C2O4 at 25°C is 1.29 × 10–11 mol3L–3. A solution of K2C2O4 containing 0.1520 mole in 500
mL water is shaken at 25°C with excess of Ag2CO3 till the following equilibrium is reached
Ag2CO3 + K2C2O4  Ag2C2O4 + K2CO3
At equilibrium, the solution contains 0.0358 mole of K2CO3. Assuming the degree of dissociation of K2C2O4 and
K2CO3 to be equal, calculate the solubility product of Ag2CO3. [JEE-1991]
–11
Ans. 9.675 × 10
15. A 40 mL solution of a weak base, BOH is titrated with 0.1N HCl solution. The pH of the solution is found to be 10.04
and 9.14 after the addition of 5.0 mL and 20.0 mL of the acid respectively. Find out the dissociation constant of the
base. [JEE-1991]
Ans. 1.8 × 10–5
16. A certain weak acid has Ka= 1.0 × 10–4. Calculate the equilibrium constant for its reaction with a strong base.
Ans. 1010 [IIT 1991]
17. Calcium lactate is a salt of weak acid and represented as Ca(LaC)2. A saturated solution of Ca(LaC)2 contains 0.13
mole of salt in 0.50 litre solution. The pOH of this is 5.60. Assuming complete vdissociation of salt, calculate Ka of
lactic acid. [Roorkee 1991]
Ans. 8.25 × 10–4
18. The solubility product (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2 at 25°C is 4.42 × 10–5. A 500 mL of saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 is mixed with
equal volume of 0.4 M NaOH. How much Ca(OH)2 in milligrams is precipitated ? [JEE-1992]
Ans. 747.4 mg
19. Calculate pH for.
(a) 0.001 N NaOH (b) 0.01 N Ca(OH)2 (c) 0.01 M Ca(OH)2 (d) 10–8 M NaOH
(e) 102 M NaOH (f) 0.0008 M Mg(OH)2
Assume complete ionisation of each. [Roorkee 1992]
Ans. (A) pH = 11 (B) pH = 12 (C) pH = 12.3010 (f) pH = 11.2041
20. A solution contains 0.1 M H2S and 0.3 M HCl. Calculate the conc. of S2– and HS– ions in solution. Given Ka1 and Ka2
for H2S are 10–7 and 1.3 × 10–13 respectively. [Roorkee 1992]
– –8 2– –20
Ans. [HS ] = 3.3 × 10 M , [S ] = 1.43 × 10
21. Calculate the change in pH of 1 litre buffer solution containing 0.1 mole each of NH3 and NH4Cl up on addition of:
(i) 0.02 mole of dissolved gaseous HCl.
(ii) 0.02 mole of dissolved NaOH. [Roorkee 1992]
Ans. (i) Change in pH = 0.1761 , pH decreases, (ii) Change in pH = 0.1761 , pH increases
22. Calculate pH at which Mg(OH)2 begins to preceipitate from a solution containing 0.10 M Mg2+ ions. Ksp of
Mg (OH)2 = 1.0 × 10–11. [Roorkee 1992]
Ans. 9
23. The pH of blood stream is maintained by a proper balance of H2CO3 and NaHCO3 concentrations. What volume of
5 M NaHCO3 solution should be mixed with a 10 mL sample of blood which is 2 M in H2CO3, in order to maintain a
pH of 7.4 ? (Ka for H2CO3 in blood is 7.8 × 10–7) [JEE-1993]
Ans. V = 80 mL
24. An aqueous solution of a metal bromide MBr2 (0.05 M) is saturated with H2S. What is the minimum pH at which MS
will precipitate ? [JEE-1993]
–21
Ksp for MS = 6.0 × 10 , concentration of saturated
H2S = 0.1M, K1 = 10–7 and K2 = 1.3 × 10–13, for H2S
Ans. pH = 1
25. Nicotinic acid (Ka = 1.4 × 10–5) is represented by the formula HNiC. Calculate its percent dissociation in a solution
which contain 0.10 mole of nicotinic acid per 2.0 litre of solution. [Roorkee 1993]
Ans. 1.67%
26. The pH of 0.05 M aqueous solution of diethyl amine is 12.0. Calculate Kb. [Roorkee 1993]
–3
Ans. 2.5 × 10
27. A solution has 0.05 M Mg2+ and 0.05 M NH3. Calculate the concentration of NH4Cl required to prevent the formation
of Mg(OH)2 in solution. Ksp of Mg(OH)2 = 9.0 × 10–12 and ionisation constant of NH3 is 1.8 × 10–5. [Roorkee 1993]
Ans. 0.067 M
28. For the reaction, [Ag(CN)2]–  Ag+ + 2CN–
The equilibrium constant, at 25° C, is 4.0 × 10–19. Calculate the silver ion concentration in a solution which was
originally 0.10 M in KCN and 0.03 M in AgNO3. [JEE-1994]
Ans. 7.50 × 10–18 M Ag+
29. Saccharin (Ka = 2 × 10–12) is a weak acid represented by formula HSaC. A 4 × 10–4 mole amount of saccharin is
dissolved in 200cm3 water of pH3. assuming no change in volume, calculate the concentration of saC– ions in the
resulting solution at equilibrium. [Roorkee 1994]
Ans. 4 × 10–12 M

30. Ka for butyric acid is 2.0 × 10–5. Calculate pH and hydroxyl ion concentration in 0.2 M aqueous solution of sodium
butyrate. [Roorkee 1994]
Ans. 9
31. Calculate the pH of an aqueous solution of 0.1 M ammonium formate assuming complete dissociation.
(pKa of formic acid = 3.8 and pKb of ammonia = 4.8) [JEE-1995]
Ans. 6.50
32. An aqueous solution contains 10% ammonia by mass and has a density of 0.99 g cm-3 . Calculate hydroxyl and
hydrogen ion concentration in this solution. Ka for NH4+ = 5.0 × 10–10 M. [Roorkee 1995]
Ans. 12.0330
33. 0.15 mole of pyridinium chloride has been added into 500cm3 of 0.2 M pyridine solution. Calculate pH and hydroxyl
ion concentration in the resulting solution assuming no charge in volume.
(Kb for pyridine = 1.5 × 10–9 M) [Roorkee 1995]
Ans. pH = 5
34. Ksp pf AgCl is 1.5 × 10–10 at 25°C. Calculate solubility of AgCl is 25°C. Calculate solubility of AgCl in ; (A) Pure water,
(B) 0.1 M AgNO3, (C) 0.01 M NaCl [Roorkee 1995]
Ans. (A) 1.224 × 10–5 mol litre–1 (B) 1.5 × 10–9 mol litre–1 (C) 1.5 × 10–8 mol litre–1

35. What is the pH of a 0.50 M aqueous NaCN solution ?

(pKb of CN– = 4.70) [JEE-1996]
Ans. pH = 11.5
36. The ionisation constant of NH4+ in water is 5.6 × 10–10 at 25°C. The rate constant for the reaction of NH4+ and OH– to
form NH3 and H2O at 25°C is 3.4 × 1010 L/mol/s. Calculate the rate constant per proton transfer from water to NH3.
[JEE-1996]
Ans. 6.12 × 105
37. An aqueous solution of aniline of concentration 0.24 M is prepared. what concentration of sodium hydroxide is
needed in this solution so that anilinium ion concentration remains at 1 × 10–8 M ? Ka for C6H5NH3+ is 2.4 × 10–5 M.
[Roorkee 1996]
Ans. 0.01 M
38. Calculate the percentage hydrolysis in 0.003 M aqueous solution of NaOCN. Ka for HOCN = 3.33 × 10–4.
[Roorkee 1996]
Ans. % hydrolysis = 10–2
39. An acid type indicator, HIn differs in colour from its conjugate base (ln –). The human eye is sensitive to colour
differences only when the ratio [ln–]/[HIn] is greater than 10 or smaller than 0.1. What should be the minimum change
in the pH of the solution to observe a complete colour change ? (Ka = 1.0 × 10–5) [JEE-1997]
40. A sample of AgCl was treated with 5.00 mL of 1.5 M Na2CO3 solution to give Ag2CO3. The remaining solution
contained 0.0026 of Cl– ions per litre. Calculate the solubility product of AgCl. [Ksp (Ag2CO3) = 8.2 × 10–12]
[JEE-1997]
–8
Ans. Ksp(AgCl) = 2 × 10
41. Calculate the amount of NH3 and NH4Cl required to prepare a buffer solution of pH 9.0 when total concentration of
buffering reagents is 0.6 mol litre–1. [Roorkee 1997]
Ans. Salt = 0.4 M, Base = 0.2 M
42. Ka for ascorbic acid (HASsc) is 5 × 10–5. Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration and percentage of hydrolysis in
an aqueous solution in which the concentration of Asc– ions is 0.02 M. [Roorkee 1997]
Ans. .01%
43. What will be the resultant pH when 200 mL of an aqueous solution of HCl (pH = 2.0) is mixed with 300 mL of an
aqueous solution of NaOH (pH = 12.0) ? [JEE-1998]
Ans. 11.301
44. Given : Ag(NH3)2+ ƒ Ag+ + 2NH3, KC = 6.2 × 10–8 and Ksp of AgCl = 1.8 × 10–10 at 298 K. Calculate the concentration
of the complex in 1.0 M aqueous ammonia. [JEE 1998]
Ans. 0.539
45. 0.16 g of N2H4 are dissolved in water and the total N2H4 that has reached with water in this solution. The Kb for N2H4
is 4.0 × 10–6 M. [Roorkee 1998]
Ans. 2%
46. Determine the number of mole AgI which may be dissolved in 1.0 litre of 1.0 M CN– solution. Ksp for AgI and KC for
[Ag(CN)2]– are 1.2 × 10–17 M2 and 7.1 × 1019 M–2 respectively. [Roorkee 1998]
Ans. 0.49 mole
47. The solubility of Pb(OH)2 in water is 6.7 × 10–6 M. Calculate the solubility of Pb(OH)2 in a buffer solution of pH =8.
[JEE-1999]
–3
Ans. 1.2 × 10 M
48. Two buffer, (X) and (Y) of pH 4.0 and 6.0 respectively are prepared from acid HA and the salt NaA. Both the buffers
are 0.50 M in HA. What would be the pH of the solution obtained by mixing equal volumes of the two buffers ?
(KHA = 1.0 × 10–5) [Roorkee 1999]
Ans. 5.7033
49. Determine the concentration of NH3 solution whose one litre can dissolve 0.10 mole AgCl. Ksp of AgCl and Kf of Ag
(NH3)2+ are 1.0 × 10–10 M2 and 1.6 × 107 M–2 respectively. [Roorkee 1999]
Ans. 2.5 M , 2.7 M
50. The average concentration of SO2 in the atmosphere over a city on a certain day is 10 ppm, when the average
temperature is 298 K. Given that the solubility of SO2 in water at 298 K is 1.3653 mol/L and pKa of H2SO3 is 1.92,
estimate the pH of rain on the day. [JEE-2000]
Ans. 4.86
51. What (H3O+) must be maintained in a saturated H2S solution to precipitate Pb2+, but not Zn2+ from a solution in
which each ion is present at a concentration of 0.01 M ? [Roorkee 2000]
–22 –21
(Ksp H2S = 1.1 × 10 ; Ssp ZnS = 1.0 × 10 )
Ans. 3.3 × 10–2 M
52. 0.01 mole of AgNO3 is added to 1 litre of a solution which is 0.1 M in Na2CrO4 and 0.005 M in NaIO3. Calculate the
mole of precipitate formed at equilibrium and the concentrations of Ag+, IO3– and CrO42-. (Ksp values of Ag2CrO4 and
AgIO3 are 10–8 and 10–13 respectively). [Roorkee 2001]

Ans. CrO42- = 0.0975, Ag+ = 3.2 × 10–4 M, IO3- = 3.2 × 10–10

53. 500 ml of 0.2 M aqueous solution of acetic acid is mixed with 500 mL of 0.2 M HCl at 25º C.
(A) Calculate the degree of dissociation of acetic acid in the resulting solution and pH of the solution.
(B) If 6 g of NaOH is added to the above solution, determine final pH. Assume there is no change in volume on
mixing. Ka of acetic acid is 1.75 × 10-5 M. [JEE-2002]
Ans. 1.75 × 10–4 , 4.75
54. Will the pH of water be same at 4ºC and 25º C? Explain. [JEE-2003]
55. 0.1 M NaOH is titrated with 0.1 M HA till the end point; Ka for HA is 5.6 × 10–6 and degree of hydrolysis is less
compared to 1. Calculate pH of the resulting solution at the end point. [JEE-2004]
Ans. pH = 9
56. The dissociation constant of a substituted benzoic acid at 25ºC is 1.0 × 10–4 . The pH of 0.01 M solution of its sodium
salt is [JEE-2009]
Ans. pH = 8
57. Amongst the following, the total number of compounds whose aqueous solution turns red litmus paper blue is :
[JEE-2010]
KCN K2SO4 (NH4)2C2O4 NaCl Zn(NO3)2
FeCl3 K2CO3 NH4NO3 LiCN
Ans. KCN, K2CO3 and LiCN are the only basic salts among these.
58. The total number of diprotic acids among the following is [JEE-2010]
H3PO4 H2SO4 H3PO3
H2CO3 H2S2O7 H3BO3
H3PO2 H2CrO4 H2SO3
Ans. Diprotic acids = 6
59. In 1 L saturated solution of AgCl [Ksp(AgCl) = 1.6 × 10–10], 0.1 mol of CuCl [Ksp(CuCl) = 1.0 × 10–6] is added. The
resultant concentation of Ag+ in the solution is 1.6 × 10–x. The value of "x" is : [JEE-2011]
Ans. 1.6 × 10–7

Objective Type Questions

61. The pH of 10–8 M solution of HCl in water is [JEE-1981]
(A) 8 (B) –8 (C) between 7 and 8 (D) between 6 and 7
Ans. (D)
62. At 90°C, pure water has [H3O+] as 10–6 mol l–1. What is the value of Kw at 90°C ? [JEE-1981]
(A) 10–6 (B) 10–12 (C) 10–14 (D) 10–8
Ans. (B)
63. Of the given anions, the strongest base is [JEE-1981]
(A) ClO– (B) ClO2– (C) ClO3– (D) ClO4–
Ans. (A)
64. An acidic buffer solution can be prepared by mixing the solution of [JEE-1981]
(A) acetate and acetic acid
(B) ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide
(C) sulphuric acid and sodium sulphate
(D) sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide
Ans. (A)
65. The precipitate of CaF2, (Ksp = 1.7 × 10–10) is obtained, when equal volumes of which of the following are mixed ?
(A) 10–4 M Ca2+ + 10–4 MF– [JEE-1982]
(B) 10–2 M Ca2+ + 10–3 MF–
(C) 10–5 M Ca2+ + 10–3 MF–
(D) 10–3 M Ca2+ + 10–5 MF–
Ans. (B)
66. A certain buffer solution contains equal concentration of X– and HX. the Kb for X– is 10–10. the pH of the buffer is
(A) 4 (B) 7 (C) 10 (D) 14 [JEE 1984]
Ans. (A)
67. A certain weak acid has a dissociation constant of 1.0 × 10–4. The equilibrium constant for its reaction with a strong
base is [JEE 1984]
–4 –10 10 14
(A) 1.0 × 10 (A) 1.0 × 10 (c) 1.0 × 10 (d) 1.0 × 10
Ans. (C)
68. The best indicator for detection of end point in titration of a weak acid and a strong base is [JEE 1985]
(A) methyl orange (3 to 4) (B) methyl red (5 to 6)
(C) bromothymol blue (6 to 7.5) (D) phenolphthalein ( 8 to 9.6)
Ans. (D)
69. The conjugate acid of NH2 is [JEE 1985]
(A) NH3 (B) NH2OH (C) NH4+ (D) N2H4
Ans. (A)
70. The compound that is not a Lewis acid is [JEE 1985]
(A) BF3 (B) AlCl3 (C) BeCl2 (D) SnCl4
Ans. (C)
71. The pKa of salicylic acid (asprin) is 3.5. The pH of gastric juice in human stomach is about 2-3 and the pH in the small
intestine is about 8. Asprin will be [JEE 1988]
(A) unionised in the small intestine and in the stomach
(B) completely ionised in the small intestine and in the stomach
(C) ionised in the stomach and almost unionised in the small intestine
(D) ionised in the small intestine and almost unionised in the stomach
Ans. (D)
72. When equal volumes of the following solutions are mixed, precipitation of AgCl (Ksp = 1.8 × 10–109) will occur only
with [JEE-1988]
(A) 10–4 M (Ag+) and 10–4 M (Cl–)
(B) 10–5 M (Ag+) and 10–5 M (Cl–)
 (C) 10–6 M (Ag+) and 10–6 M (Cl–)
(D) 10–10 M (Ag+) and 10–10 M (Cl–)
Ans. (A)
73. Which of the following is the strongest acid ? [JEE - 1989]
(A) ClO3 (OH) (B) ClO2 (OH) (C) SO(OH)2 (D) SO2(OH)2
Ans. (A)
74. Amongst the following hydroxides, the one which has the lowest value of Ksp at ordinary temperature (about 25°C)
is [JEE-1990]
(A) Mg(OH)2 (B) Ca(OH)2 (C) Ba(OH)2 (D) SO2(OH)2
Ans. (D)
75. Which of the following solutions will have pH close to 1.0 ? [JEE-1992]
(A) 100 mL of (M/10) HCl + 100 mL of (M/10) NaOH
(B) 55 mL of (M/10) HCl + 45 mL of (M/10) NaOH
(C) 10 mL of (M/10) HCl + 90 mL of (M/10) NaOH
(D) 75 mL of (M/5) HCl + 25 mL of (M/5) NaOH
Ans. (D)
76. The pH of 0.1 M solution of th e following salts increases in the order [JEE-1992]
(A) NaCl < NH4Cl < NaCN < HCl
(B) HCl < NH4Cl < NaCl < NaCN
(C) NaCN < NH4Cl < NaCl < HCl
(D) HCl < NaCl < NaCN < NH4Cl
Ans. (B)
78. For a sparingly soluble salt ApBq, the relationship of its solubility product (Ls) with its solubility (S) is : [JEE-2001]
(A) LS = Sp+q . pp . qq (B) LS = Sp+q . pq . qp
(C) LS = Spq . pp . qq (D) LS = Spq . (pq)p+q
Ans. (A)
79. The correct acidic strength order is [IIT - 2001]
(A) HCIO < HCIO2 < HCIO3 < HCIO4 (B) HCIO4 < HCIO3 < HCIO2 < HCIO
(C) HCIO < HCIO4 < HCIO3 < HCIO2 (D) HCIO4 < HCIO2 < HCIO3 < HCIO
Ans. (A)
80. Identify the correct order of solubility of Na2S, CuS and ZnS in aqueous medium. [JEE-2002]
(A) CuS > ZnS > Na2S (B) ZnS > Na2S > CuS
(C) Na2S > CuS > ZnS (D) Na2S > ZnS > CuS
Ans. (D)
81. The correct acidic strength order is [IIT - 2002]
(A) CaO < CuO < H2O < CO2
(B) H2O < CuO < CaO < CO2
(C) CaO < H2O < CuO < CO2
(D) H2O < CO2 < CaO < CuO
Ans. (A)
82. A solution which is 10–3 M each in Mn2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Hg2+ is treated with 10–16 M sulphide ion. If Ksp values of
 MnS, FeS, ZnS and HgS are 10–15, 10–23, 10–20 and 10–54 respectively, which one will precipitate first ? [JEE-2003]

(A) FeS (B) MgS (C) HgS (D) ZnS

Ans. (C)
83. H3BO3 is [IIT - 2003]
(A) monobasic and weak Lewis acid
(B) monobasic and weak Bronsted acid
(C) monobasic and strong Lewis acid
(D) tribasic and weak Bronsted acid
Ans. (A)
84. A weak acid HX has the dissociation constant 1 × 10–5 M. It forms a salt NaX on reaction with alkali. The percentage
hydrolysis of 0.1 M solution of NaX is : [JEE-2004]
(A) 0.0001% (B) 0.01 % (C) 0.1 % (D) 0.15 %
Ans. (A)
85. 0.1 mole of CH3NH2 (Kb = 5 × 10–4) is mixed with 0.08 mole of HCl and diluted to one litre. What will be the H+
concentration in the solution? What will be the H+ concentration in the solution? [JEE-2005]
(A) 8 × 10–2 M (B) 8 × 10–11 M (C) 1.6 × 10–11 M (D) 8 × 10–5 M
Ans. (B)
86. The species present in solution when CO2 is dissolved in water : [JEE 2006]
– 2-
(A) CO2, H2CO3, HCO , CO3
3

(B) H2CO3, CO32-

(C) CO32-, HCO3–
(D) CO2, H2CO3
Ans. (A)

2 2
87. 2.5 mL of M weak monoacidic base (Kb = 1 x 10–12 at 25° C) is titrated with M HCl in water at 25°C. The
5 15

concentration of H+ at equivalence point is (Kw = 1 x 10–14 at 25°C) [JEE-2008]

–14 –7 –2 –2
(A) 3.7 x 10 M (B) 3.2 x 10 M (C) 3.2 x 10 M (D) 2.7 x 10 M

Ans. (D)
88. Solubility product constant (Ksp) of salts of types MX, MX2 and M3X at temperature T are 4.0 × 10–8, 3.2 × 10–14 and
2.7 × 10–15, respectively. Solubilities (mol dm–3) of the salts at temperature T are in the order: [JEE-2008]
(A) MX > MX2 > M3X (B) M3X > MX2 > MX
(C) MX2 > M3X > MX (D) MX > M3X > MX2
Ans. (D)
89. The dissociation constant of a substituted benzoic acid at 25°C is 1.0 × 10–4. The PH of a 0.01 M solution of its
sodium salt is : [JEE - 2009]
(A) 10 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 6
Ans. (B)
One or more than one correct option
90. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct ? [JEE-1998]
(A) The pH of 1.0 × 10–8 M solution of HCl is 8
(B) The conjugate base of H2PO4– is HPO42–
(C) Autoprotolysis constant of water increases with temperature
(D) When a solution of a weak monoprotic acid is titrated against a strong base, at half-neutralisation point
Ans. (B, C)
91. A buffer solution can be prepared from a mixture of [JEE-1999]
(A) sodium acetate and acetic acid in water
(B) Sodium acetate and HCl in water
(C) ammonia and ammonium chloride in water
(D) Ammonia and sodium hydroxide in water
Ans. (A,B,C)
92. Aqueous solutions of HNO3, KOH, CH3COOH, and CH3COONa of identical concentrations are provided. The pair
(s) of solutions which form a buffer upon mixing is (are) : [JEE-2010]
(A) HNO3 and CH3COOH (B) KOH and CH3COONa
(C) HNO3 and CH3COONa (D) CH3COOH and CH3COONa
Ans. (C,D)
93. The initial rate of hydrolysis of methyl acetate (1M) by a weak acid (HA, 1M) is 1/100th of that of a strong acid (HX,
1M), at 25C. The Ka of HA is : [JEE(Advanced) -2013]
(A) 1  10–4 (B) 1  10–5 (C) 1  10–6 (D) 1  10–3
Ans. (A)
94. The Ksp of Ag2CrO4 is 1.1 × 10–12 at 298 K. The solubility (in mol/L) of Ag2CrO4 in a 0.1 M AgNO3 solution is
[JEE(Advanced) -2013]
(A) 1.1 × 10–11 (B) 1.1 × 10–10 (C) 1.1 × 10–12 (D) 1.1 × 10–9
Ans. (B)