Active Assisted and Passive Movement in Treatment

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Active assisted and passive movement in treatment
Physiotherapy (Cardiff University)
StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Downloaded by shravani goud ([email protected])
lOMoARcPSD|3598763
Active Assisted and Passive Movements - Treatment
Strength Resistance Training - Lifting weights to break down bonds in muscles and allow
the muscle to grow back stronger and increase sarcomeres.
- Need free active movement to enable you to do this
- Need good active range of movement/flexibility.
Free active exercise = Patient performs movement completely independently.
Passive Movement/Exercise - Movement performed on the unrestricted range of move-

ment by an external force
Can be used when the patient is:
- unconscious / has no voluntary movement
- Spinal cord injury
- Pain
- Neurological disease
- Weak / Denervated muscle - stretched or broken nerve.
Used to maintain available range of movement and avoid muscle shortening
Can only be used when: - Good range of movement available, Good joint stability, has soft
tissue elasticity and Muscle tone (high or low can reduce muscle range)
1. Manually Relaxed Passive Movements
2. Auto Relaxed Passive Movements
3. Mechanical Relaxed Passive Movements
- Machines used to continually move the limb / joint
Physiological Effects of Passive Movement

- Increase venous Circulation
- Reduce Pain
- Proprioception Preservation
- Maintain function patterns
Contraindications
- Incomplete muscle / ligament tear - minimal movement within pain range
- Compromised circulation
- Subluxed shoulder
- Immediate post injury
Points of technique
1. Informed consent
4. Stable, comfortable, fixed
5. Best starting position to allow best range of movement and force required
6. Movement quality
7. Speed and duration
8. Planar or functional movement?
ADVANTAGES
- Reduce risks of pressure sores
DISADVANTAGE
- Major jump to get out from passive movement to active assisted movement
Active Assisted Movement/Exercise - Patient performs movement with some assistance

1. Manual Assisted Exercise - Therapist assists their muscular effort

lOMoARcPSD|3598763
- Therapist can change level of assistance given during the movement, compensating for
angle of pull length of limb and other biomechanics issues
- How much you do or don't assist
9. Auto Assisted Exercise - Patient assists themselves (their own hand helps the move-
ment)
- Patient assists their own muscular effort
10. Mechanical Assisted Exercise - A piece of apparatus assists a movement. Free a body
part from the resistance of friction while it is moving. Can reduce/increase the effect of
gravity working on the body part.
- Sliding board - weight of leg taken by board
- Pulley
- Towel / Walking Stick / Pedals / Wall
- Sling suspension
Physiological effects of active assisted movement

Joint - Enhance Synovial Fluid = Increased production, movement, diffusion of nutrients
- Maintain joint and soft tissue integrity
- Reduce pain / feeling of stiffness
- Maintain joint position awareness / proprioception
Whole Limb
- Maintain mechanical elasticity of muscle
- Assist circulation
- Preserve kinaesthetic awareness
Muscle
- Strengthening - Only when movement can occur un-assisted
Contraindications
- Immediately post injury - avoid any further damage
- Early unstable fracture - immobilise if healing is not complete
- Intolerable pain
- Incomplete muscle / ligament tear (acute stages)
- Compromised circulation eg..DVT - don’t want to fire off an embolism
- Unable to co-operate with techniques
Why do we need them?

BENEFITS
• Allows you to help the patient regain movement and independence
• Manual Assisted = Therapist is aware of how much support they’re giving the patient at
all stages and can reduce support as their ability improves
• Auto + Mechanical - Can continue movement at home
• Manual + Mechanical - Can become aware of how the movement is meant to feel when
done correctly, which they can further go on to replicate in auto-assisted.
• Mechanical - Can give you better support
• Mechanical - Can alter axis of movement point - eccentric or concentric control
• Mechanical (Slings) - Relaxation promoted and little work needed to stabilise joint.
DIS-ADVANTAGES
- Lots of variable steps - Long journey
- Manual Assisted - Patient could be mis-lead into believing they’re capable of doing the
movement themselves
- Patient could become dependant on the assistance
- Very subjective - hard to quantify assistance required and hard to take notes and make
it constant
- Manual Assisted - Therapist cannot always be there to aid movement

lOMoARcPSD|3598763
- Auto - Patient could be doing the movement completely wrong or not even doing it at all
- Mechanical - Difficult to adapt for home exercise and may not have access to equipment

Active Assisted and Passive Movement in Treatment

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lOMoARcPSD|3598763

Active assisted and passive movement in treatment

Physiotherapy (Cardiff University)

StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Active Assisted and Passive Movements - Treatment

Free active exercise = Patient performs movement completely independently.

Passive Movement/Exercise - Movement performed on the unrestricted range of move-

Physiological Effects of Passive Movement

Active Assisted Movement/Exercise - Patient performs movement with some assistance

Downloaded by shravani goud ([email protected])

Physiological effects of active assisted movement

Why do we need them?

Downloaded by shravani goud ([email protected])

Downloaded by shravani goud ([email protected])

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