Cyber Safe Girl 3.0 Book (19-05-2020)

Cyber
Safe
Girl 3.o
Beti Bachao,
Cyber Crime Se...
30 eye-opening sketches
to ensure online safety of girls
Title: Cyber Safe Girl
Version: Third
Publisher: Dr Ananth Prabhu G
Co-Authors: Adv Prashant Jhala and Yashavantha Kumar KN, DySP
First Published in India in 2018
Copyright (C) Campus Interview Training Solutions 2020
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright

reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in
any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission
of the copyright owner.
Requests for permission should be directed to

[email protected]
Designed and printed by

Tarjani Communications Pvt. Ltd, Mangaluru
This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, businesses, places, events, locales and
incidents are either the products of the author’s imagination or used in a fictitious manner.
Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, or actual events is purely coincidental.
The authors and publishers disclaim any liability in connection with the use of the
information provided in this book.
Credits
Sanjay Sahay, IPS Ramachandra Rao, IPS Arun Chakravarthy, IPS Dr Murugan, IPS
Roopa D, IPS Dr Vedamurthi, IPS Reena Suvarna, KSPS M C Kavitha, KSPS
Special Thanks to
Krishna J Palemar Manjunath Bhandary Vivek Shetty Ch A S Murty

ISEA Team
Tapan J Mehta Vaikunt Prabhu Dhanesh Babu Fazeel Ahmed
Anudeep Karkera
Dr Mustafa B Ganesh M Nayak Chaitra Mallikarjun Naveen Kumar (Artist)
Tech Resource Convenor Outreach Head
Index
MOBILE RECHARGE SHOP
DEBIT CARD CLONING
KEYLOGGER
SMS SPOOFING
CALL SPOOFING
RANSOMWARE
CYBER STALKING
PICTURE MORPHING
PROFILE HACKING
ONLINE GAMES
JOB CALL LETTER
DEEPFAKES
DATING WEBSITE
CAMERA HACKING
SOCIAL TROLLING
PONZI SCHEME
FAKE MATRIMONIAL PROFILE
MOBILE REPAIR SHOP
FAKE REVIEWS
FAKE PROFILE WITH SEXTORTION
CYBER VULTURES
APP TRAPS
JUICE JACKING
WIFI HACKING
ONLINE RADICALIZATION
HONEY TRAP
QR CODE SCAM
RFID CLONING
DRONE SURVEILLANCE
SEARCH ENGINE RESULTS SCAM
A Mobile Recharge Shop is a place where scamsters can gain access
to your cellphone number because you have provided it to the
recharge vendor. This number is then misused to call or text you
and exploit your ignorance or even emotionally manipulate you.
Sections Applicable
IPC Sections (to be applied to the Shop Keeper)
IPC Section 354A - Sexual Harassment and punishment for
Sexual Harassment
IPC Section 354C - Voyeurism
IPC Section 383/384 - Extortion (IF ANY DEMAND)
IPC Section 503 - Criminal Intimidation
IPC Section 506 - Punishment for Criminal Intimidation
IPC Section 509 - Word, gesture or act intended to insult
modesty of a woman
IT Act:
IT Act Section 66E - Punishment for violation of privacy
Mobile Number Sale to Stalkers by Recharge Shop:

IPC Sections (to be applied to the Shop Keeper)
IPC Section 109 - Punishment for abetment
IPC Section 114 - Abettor present when offence is committed
IPC Section 120B - Punishment for Criminal Conspiracy
IPC Section 406 - Punishment for Criminal Breach of Trust
Everything comes for a Charge and in case of Recharge, there’s

no Free Charge!
Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 1

2 #CyberSafeGirl
DEBIT CARD CLONING
Debit Card skimming happens when the PIN is revealed to another
person. A scamster who knows the PIN and has possession of the
card even for a short while can replicate the card with a skimming
/schimming device and withdraw cash.
Sections Applicable
IT Act for cloning
IT Act Section 66 - Computer related offences
IT Act Section 66C - Punishment for Identity Theft
IT Act Section 66D - Punishment for cheating by personation by
using computer resource
Money Transaction followed by cloning:

IPC Section 419 - Punishment for cheating by personation
IPC Section 420 - Cheating
IT Act
Cloning may blow up your Earning!

DEBIT CARD CLONING
4 #CyberSafeGirl
KEYLOGGER
It is a malicious program that may be installed on the victim’s
computer for recording computer user keystrokes to steal passwords
and other sensitive information. With Keylogger a scamster will be
able to collect login details and other matter saved in the computer
and have them mailed to a designated email address.
Sections Applicable
Key logger installation: IT Act Section 66
- Computer related offences
Stealing personal information: IT Act Section 66C
- Punishment for Identity Theft
Creating fake profile & posting private conversation : IT Act

IT Act Section 67 - Punishment for publishing or transmitting
obscene material in electronic form
IT Act Section 67A - Punishment for publishing or transmitting of
material containing sexually explicit act etc., in electronic form
IT Act Section 67B - Punishment for publishing or transmitting of
material depicting children in sexually explicit act etc., in electronic
form & sections of POCSO
IPC Sections:
IPC Section 354A - Sexual Harassment and punishment for Sexual
Harassment
If in hard copy, IPC Sections 292, 293 & 294
Keylogger may empty your Coffer!

KEYLOGGER
6 #CyberSafeGirl
SMS SPOOFING
Spoofing is being able to send a message by hiding or changing
or using a completely different sender ID. Typically, you send an
SMS, your handheld device sends the message with your phone
number as the originator where in you as the sender cannot alter
that number.
Sections Applicable
Act of hoax or trick or deceive a communication
IPC Section
IPC Section 465 - Making a false document( FORGERY)
IT Act
SMS are Spoofed by Cyber Crooks!

SMS SPOOFING
8 #CyberSafeGirl
CALL SPOOFING
Call spoofing happens through apps that enable a person with
criminal intent to change one’s number and voice to impersonate
another to defraud the receiver.
Sections Applicable
Act of hoax or trick or deceive a communication
IPC Section
IPC Section 465 - Making a false document( FORGERY)
IT Act
Call Spoofing, Caller is Confusing!

CALL SPOOFING
10 #CyberSafeGirl
RANSOMWARE
Ransomware is a form of malware that encrypts a victim’s files.
The attacker then demands a ransom from the victim to restore
access to the data upon payment. Users are shown instructions
as to how to pay a fee to get the decryption key. The costs can
range from a few hundred dollars to thousands, payable to
cybercriminals in bitcoin.
Sections Applicable
Unauthorised access, Denial, Encryption :
Demand without payment :

IPC Section 384 - Extortion
IPC Section 511 - Punishment for attempting to commit offence
punishable with imprisonment for life or
other imprisonment
Demand & payment :

IPC Section 384 - Extortion.
Sensitize your Hardware and Software to avoid Ransomware!

RANSOMWARE
12 #CyberSafeGirl
CYBER STALKING
Cyberstalking is the use of the Internet or other electronic means to
stalk or harass another by misusing information uploaded on social
networking sites.
Sections Applicable
Offline:
IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
Online :
IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
Cyber Stalking Means Someone is Watching!

CYBER STALKING
14 #CyberSafeGirl
PICTURE MORPHING
Morphing the face of a person to the body of another and
publishing it to blackmail or otherwise intimidate the person is
one of the ways by which people who upload photos on social
networking sites can be exploited.
Sections Applicable
IPC Sections
IPC Section 292 - Sale etc of Obscene books etc (if in hardcopy)
IPC Section 465 - Morphing photographs and creating a false
electronic record
IPC Section 469 - Making false electronic document for causing defamation
IPC Section 507 - Criminal Intimidation by an Anonymous communication
IPC Section 509 - Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty
of a woman
IT Act
IT Act Section 66C - Punishment for Identity Theft (dishonestly or
fraudulently using a unique identification feature)
For publishing photos containing indecent representation of women:

Section 4 R/W Section 6 of Indecent Representation of Women’s Act, 1986
Morphing is used for Defaming!

PICTURE MORPHING
16 #CyberSafeGirl
PROFILE HACKING
Profile Hacking happens when your email or social networking site
is accessed by a probable stalker who then compromises it.
Sections Applicable
IT Act
(dishonestly or fraudulently using password)
Profile Hacking means Security is Lacking!

PROFILE HACKING
18 #CyberSafeGirl
ONLINE GAMES
Girls who are vulnerable to loneliness, low self-esteem and clinical
depression can fall prey to dangerous online games that may
become addictive and further harm them. Some like the notorious
blue whale challenge even end in the victim ending her life. This is
a personal as well as social challenge for the others around.
Sections Applicable
IPC Sections
The site
IPC Section 299 - Culpable homicide
IPC Section 305 - Abetment of suicide of Child or Insane Person
IPC Section 306 - Abetment of suicide
IPC Section 321 - Voluntarily causing hurt
IPC Section 335 - Voluntarily causing grievous hurt on provocation
IPC Section 336 - Act endangering life or personal safety of others
Before it becomes a game changer of your child’s Future, check

what they do on their personal Computers (laptops, iPads,
mobile phones, tabs, desktop etc).

ONLINE GAMES
20 #CyberSafeGirl
JOB CALL LETTER
Websites offering jobs need to be checked for veracity and
authenticity. Mails need to be double-checked and verified before
one responds and acts on instructions provided, especially if one is
asked to put in a personal appearance.
Sections Applicable
Fake account / ID:
Impersonation for cheating:

IPC Section 465 - Making a false document (DEFINITION SECTION)
IPC Section 468 - Forgery for cheating
IPC Section 471 - Using forged document as genuine
IPC Section 474 - Procession of forged document
IPC Section 120-B - Punishment for Criminal Conspiracy
IPC Section 34 - Acts done by several persons in furtherance of
Common Intention
Abatement for offence

a. On the spot : IPC Section114 - Abettor present when offence is
committed
b. Remotely: IPC Section109 - Punishment for abetment
Such fake call letters may see you out of your existing job
sooner or later!

JOB CALL LETTER
22 #CyberSafeGirl
DEEPFAKES
Deepfake is a technique that is used to combine and superimpose
new images and videos onto source images or videos. It is used to
create videos where the voice or face of another is superimposed
on the original in such a way that the viewer or listener cannot
distinguish or doubt the veracity of it.
Sections Applicable
Fake account / ID: IT Act Section 66C - Punishment for Identity
Theft (dishonestly or fraudulently using a unique identification feature)
Impersonation for cheating :
Publishing online:
IPC Section 354A - Sexual Harassment and punishment for Sexual Harassment
IPC Section 465 - Making a false document
Section 507 - Criminal Intimidation by an Anonymous communication
SEC 509 – INSULTING MODESTY OF WOMEN
Stalking: Offline : IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
Online : IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
IPC Section 34 - Acts done by several persons in furtherance of
Common Intention
Abatement for offence:
a. On the spot: IPC Section114 - Abettor present when offence is
committed
b. Remotely: IPC Section109 - Punishment for abetment
Deep Fakes are not noticeable easily and hence have High Stakes!
DEEPFAKES
24 #CyberSafeGirl
DATING WEBSITE
Females can be emotionally manipulated by smooth talkers on
dating sites. Any private pictures or texts that they send across
to probable dating companions on such sites are fair game for
unscrupulous persons who can then blackmail them.
Sections Applicable
IT Act Section 66D - Punishment for cheating by personation by using
computer resource
Stalking : Offline : IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
Publishing online
IT Act Section 67- Punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene
material in electronic form
IT Act Section 67A- Punishment for publishing or transmitting of
IT Act Section 67B- Punishment for publishing or transmitting of
material depicting children in sexually explicit act etc., in electronic form
& sections of POCSO
of a woman
Looking out for a Date, be careful that you don’t get Check-Mate!

DATING WEBSITE
26 #CyberSafeGirl
CAMERA HACKING
Camera hacking happens when photographs of a person are taken
without consent, through malware that got downloaded with an
attachment. Phones with no camera guard can be exploited for
such criminal activities.
Sections Applicable
Hacking-
IPC Section 66 - Computer related offences
Capturing photograph/video:
Creating Fake ID in social media
Online Sexual harassment to a woman
Stalking : Offline : IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
Publishing online
of a woman
Think before taking your cell phones while using the restroom.
Your privacy may have no room to rest!
CAMERA HACKING
28 #CyberSafeGirl
SOCIAL TROLLING
Social Trolling is posting inflammatory messages or visuals about a
person or organisation in an online community with a sole intent of
causing humiliation or nuisance to that person.
Sections Applicable
IPC Section 507 - Criminal Intimidation by an
Anonymous communication
IPC Section 509 - Word, gesture or act intended to insult
modesty of a woman
Stalking:
Offline: IPC Section 354 D - Stalking
Are you Trolling, the law may be soon following!

SOCIAL TROLLING
30 #CyberSafeGirl
PONZI SCHEME
A Ponzi scheme is a fraudulent investing scam promising high rates
of return with little risk to investors. Victims of such schemes are
vulnerable to hackers with malicious intent and fall prey to their
promises of recovery of their losses.
Sections Applicable
Sections 3, 4, 5, 6 of Prize Chits and Money Circulation Schemes
(Banning) Act, 1978
Also look up at State Acts eg
Section 9 of the Karnataka Protection of Interest of Depositors In
Financial Establishments Act, 2004
Section 3, 4 of Maharashtra Protection of Interest of Depositors In
Financial Establishments Act, 1999 etc.

R/W IPC Section 34 - Acts done by several persons in furtherance
of Common Intention
Investing in Ponzi schemes may make you run out of all other
Schemes of life!

PONZI SCHEME
32 #CyberSafeGirl
A fraudster may have registered on a matrimonial site with a fake
profile. The details and profile pic may not be his. He can dupe
a naive girl who falls for his practised charm and believes in the
authenticity of supportive material that he provides to back up his
identity.
Sections Applicable
(dishonestly or fraudulently using a unique
identification feature)
IT Act Section 66D - Punishment for cheating by personation
by using computer resource
IPC Section 507 - Criminal Intimidation by an
Anonymous communication
Marriage are made in Heaven but in the virtual world you end
up paying the cost of messing with Heavenly Affairs!

34 #CyberSafeGirl
MOBILE REPAIR SHOP
Pictures and videos stored in the phone’s gallery can be accessed
by any person once the phone is in his possession. A mobile repair
shop may have a criminal who accesses private pictures or other
data and uploads them on shady sites to make them viral. He may
also use them for blackmailing.
Sections Applicable
IT Act Section 66 - Computer Related Offences
Publishing online
IPC Section 506 - Punishment for Criminal Intimidation
IPC Section 507 - Criminal Intimidation by an Anonymous
communication
of a woman
If caution not adhered at such Shops, get ready to take big Hops!

MOBILE REPAIR SHOP
36 #CyberSafeGirl
FAKE REVIEWS
A website may dupe customers by putting up fake reviews of
products. They plant glowing reviews and pay for perfect ratings
that attract customers, especially backed by discounted prices.
These products from dubious sites may cause untold harm if used.
Sections Applicable
Fake Reviews may give you wrong Overviews!

FAKE REVIEWS
38 #CyberSafeGirl
Public changing rooms may have strategically placed cameras
that capture pics of the users, naturally with criminal intent.
These pics can then be uploaded on a duplicate social media
account with the intention of extortion.
Sections Applicable
Capturing photograph/video:
IPC Section 507 - Criminal Intimidation by an Anonymous
communication
Publishing online
of a woman
A Fake Ex may levy a unforgiving Tax!

40 #CyberSafeGirl
CYBER VULTURES
Cyber-vultures are a merciless breed of hackers who like to feast
on consumers and businesses suffering from any type of attack.
They use this scenario as an opportunity to trick them and swindle
more money.
Sections Applicable
Impersonation as financial company:

Fetching personal/ Banking/wallet details:
fraudulently using a unique identification feature/password/electronic
signature)
Vultures lives on dead bodies, cyber vultures live on people who

have already lost their money (who are dead financially).

CYBER VULTURES
42 #CyberSafeGirl
APP TRAPS
The internet could come with a hidden cost. One of these is
preloaded apps that harvest users’ data without their knowledge.
These apps ask for permission to access files and once given, they
may use videos, photos and storage media not only to be mined by
marketers but also for other nefarious purposes.
Sections Applicable
These traps give you a silent rap and take away your sensitive
personal data.

APP TRAPS
44 #CyberSafeGirl
JUICE JACKING
Juice Jacking is a type of cyber attack involving a charging port
that doubles as a data connection, typically over USB. This often
involves either installing malware or copying sensitive data from
a smart phone or other computer devices. Charging ports at public
places are prime areas for juice jacking.
Sections Applicable
signature)
You may end up giving your data by way of Lottery to the

fraudster as against the life of your Battery.

JUICE JACKING
46 #CyberSafeGirl
WIFI HACKING
Wifi hacking is essentially cracking the security protocols in a
wireless network, granting full access for the hacker to view, store,
download, or abuse the wireless network. Weak passwords to wifi
networks may enable a hacker to log into the net through the wifi
connection in the vicinity.
Sections Applicable
Wrongful gain, wrongful loss of internet data:

Mischief by internet utility:

IPC Section 425/426 - Mischief
Publishing online
Other provisions of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act,

1985.
To live a highfy virtual life, better secure your Wi-Fi!

WIFI HACKING
48 #CyberSafeGirl
Young, vulnerable individuals can fall prey to terrorists’ propaganda
while spending time online and browsing the net. The targets of
such extremists are individuals or groups of people who can be
easily led towards terrorist ideologies because of their experiences,
state of mind or sometimes their upbringing.
Sections Applicable
IT Act Section 66F - Punishment for Cyber Terrorism
IPC Section 120B - Punishment of Criminal Conspiracy
IPC Section 121A - Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by
section 121
IPC Section122 - Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging
war against the Government of India
IPCSection121 - Waging or attempting to wage war, or abetting
waging of war, against the Government of India
IPC Section 124A - Sedition
Don’t get Radicalized, rather be Rationalized!

50 #CyberSafeGirl
Honey Trap
Honey trapping is an investigative practice that uses romantic or
intimate relationships for an interpersonal, political or monetary
purpose to obtain sensitive information. In today’s cyber world,
“Honey Trap” has gained a new dimension on social media platforms
like Facebook, Twitter etc to trap targets by blackmailing them.
Sections Applicable
Capturing Picture/Video Over Online:
of a woman
Demand for ransom (attempt):
IPC Section 385- Putting person in fear of injury in order to commit
extortion
IPC Section 511 - Punishment for attempting to commit offence
punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
With AI, it becomes almost difficult if not impossible to make

out the real from surreal.

Honey Trap
52 #CyberSafeGirl
QR Code scam
A QR (Quick Response) code is nothing more than a two-dimensional
barcode. This type of code was designed to be read by robots that
keep track of produced items in a factory. As a QR code takes up
a lot less space than a legacy barcode, its usage soon spread and
Hackers took it to their advantage! QR codes are easy to generate
and hard to tell apart from one another. To most human eyes, they
all look the same.
Sections Applicable
Unauthorised Access by Installing Malware in The Background:

Your money is at Stake because of codes and apps that you

may have downloaded are Fake.

QR Code scam
54 #CyberSafeGirl
RFID Cloning
Radio frequency identification, or RFID often abbreviated Radio
Frequency IDentification is method for automatic identification of
objects, where the object IDs read or write data using radio waves.
Each chip contains an identifier stored inside, with unique number
and antenna. Most of these cards can be cloned, easily!
Sections Applicable
Stealing RFID data / RFID Cloning:
signature)
Retaining stolen data & Selling Credit Card Details:
IT Act Section 66B - punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen
computer resource or communication device
Creating Replica of Digital ID & accessing server by impersonation:
Use technology only if you can imbibe Cyber Hygiene in your

Genes.

RFID Cloning
56 #CyberSafeGirl
Drone Surveillance
In aviation and in space, a drone refers to an unpiloted aircraft
or spacecraft. Drones can be equipped with various types of
surveillance equipment that can collect high definition video and
still images day and night. Drones can be equipped with technology
allowing them to intercept cell phone calls, determine GPS
locations, and gather license plate information.
Sections Applicable
Following/Stalking/Capturing any PRIVATE AREA pic /video of a women
by DRONE without her consent:
Harassment
IPC Section 354D - Stalking
of a woman
Unauthorised access to WI FI by DRONE:
Stealing personal information via WI FI Cracker:
Dropping hazardous materials to house via DRONE:
IPC Section 436 - Mischief by fire or explosive substance with
intent to destroy house, etc.
You are profiled day in and day out without doubt.Genes.

Drone Surveillance
58 #CyberSafeGirl
Search Engine Results Scam
A hacker can create a legitimate-looking website and get it indexed
by various search engines, making it appear in search results based
on the keywords you type. This way, misleading results, fake help
line numbers etc can be displayed, making the user believe them
and fall prey to this Search Engine Optimization (SEO) scam.
Sections Applicable
Replacing Original Contact Details by Fraudster Details:

IPC Section 468 - Forgery for the purpose of cheating
Fake numbers of customer care may put you under intensive care

Search Engine Results Scam
60 #CyberSafeGirl
Infotoons Explained!
TIPS TO STAY CYBER SAFE
1. MOBILE RECHARGE:
Precautions: While recharging your mobile
prepaid card account you have to give your
mobile number to the vendor. Though ideally one
should go to the Customer Care Centre of the
Mobile Service Provider to get the recharge done Adv. Prashant Jhala
but as a matter of convenience people approach a local vendor who
keeps prepaid vouchers of practically all the mobile service providers
and of all denominations. Thereby for recharging they end up giving
their cell numbers and hence the scope of misuse. It is advisable to get
the recharge done online or through the Customer Care Centre or one
should take the voucher and key in the digits by themselves or ask some
trusted person to do it for them. Purchasing sim cards from local vendors
also warrants you to give your id proofs and photos which could possibly
be duplicated and misused. Then again, the convenience of getting a
recharge done on credit, if the local vendor is known to you, is also an
attractive deal. Use now Pay later may cost you greater.
2. DEBIT CARD CLONING:

Precautions: A skimmer is a device which is used for copying the data
on the card on to that device which can be retrieved later and the
data thereafter is implanted or embedded on a blank card thus a clone
(duplicate) copy of a card is ready for use. While using an ATM kiosk,
look out for suspicious fittings on the machine itself. Skimmer comes in
different sizes and shapes which are hard to identify and locate. They
are fitted precisely at a place where you insert your debit/credit cards
into the machines so that they can capture the data residing on the
card. Look out for those protruding or extra layer of fittings by physically
checking and actually pulling the exact slot where you insert the card.
Sounds inhuman but needs to be done. Then again to record the pin
number that you are going to type on the keypad after insertion of your
card, small cameras are fitted in obscure or concealed places so that they
can clearly record your key strokes. Thus, your card data and your pin
number are now with the fraudster and a cloned card is ready for use.
Pin numbers can be recorded by also placing pin overlay pads (an extra
layer of pin pad which is the replica of original pin pad and is attached to
the original pin pad) which in actual would be a keylogger that would log
the keystrokes. Therefore, also check the pin pad of that machine. Always
cover the pin pad with your hand while keying in the pin number for
extra safety. Yet another way would be to send a phishing mail, collect
card information from unsuspecting victims, collecting CVV number by
use of Social Engineering and make a clone card. Pin number and OTP is
collected later while using the cloned card. Thus, look out for suspicious
mails and never click on the links appearing in an email. Never share your
card details, CVV number and OTP with anyone. Learn more about the
modus operandi of Social Engineering.
3. KEYLOGGER:
Precautions: Keyloggers may be in form of a hardware that could be
attached to your computer system or to an ATM machines actual key
pad, or it could be a software that could be implanted into your computer
system. Difficult to trace them out because generally they are in stealth
mode and even best of antivirus used by your systems may not be able
to block them. A cyber security expert or a malware analyst’s would be
able to find out its presence upon thorough investigation of the system.
Keep your antivirus updated, update your operating system to latest
versions through timely patches released by the providers, used licenced
software’s, do not click on suspicious links and the links that originate
62 #CyberSafeGirl
from unknown source, do not download free songs, movies, videos,
software’s, applications, games etc for a keylogger could be embedded
in them and you may end up downloading one for free. Make sure to
enable Two Factor Authentication for an additional layer of security, use
virtual keyboard to enter the username and password and install a good
antivirus on your system to stay cyber safe.
4. SMS SPOOFING:
Precautions: No proper solution for this because a hacker may clone
your sim and use your cell number to send SMS’s. There are websites,
software’s and apps that allow a fraudster to send spoofed SMS’s to
cheat, deceive or defame someone. A Remote Access Trojan if implanted
into your cell phone can allow the implanter to send SMS’s using your
device. Furthermore, such spoofed SMS’s are difficult to trace and track.
Anonymity is greater when a fraudster uses techniques to spoof.
5. CALL SPOOFING:
Precautions: No proper solution for this because a hacker may clone
your sim and use your cell number to make calls. They may also use
VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) for spoofing. There are websites,
software’s and apps that allow a fraudster to make spoofed calls to cheat,
deceive or defame someone and they also have the facility to change the
modulation, depth, pitch, decibel and quality of voice, a male’s voice can
be changed to a female’s voice or to a voice of a kid and vice a versa.
A Remote Access Trojan if implanted into your cell phone can allow the
implanter to make calls using your device. Furthermore, VOIP calls are
difficult to trace and track and thus anonymity is at its peak in such
spoofed calls. To stay protected, Don’t place all your trust in the caller ID
information presented to you. Now that you know that Caller ID can be
easily spoofed by the use of third-party caller ID spoofing services and
other tools, you won’t be as trusting in the technology as you have been.

This should help you in the quest to scam-proof your brain. Also, Never
give credit card information to someone who calls you. You may also use
Google reverse lookup or Truecaller for assistance.
6. RANSOMWARE:
Precautions: Do not click on links that appear from unknown sources.
Do not trust the friends you have made on social networking sites.
A few cases were reported wherein the so-called friends of social
networking sites, sent provocative and or suggestive pictures
embedded with malwares that affected the computer systems and the
unsuspected victims clicked on the picture and downloaded malware
and got affected in the process. Since different algorithms are used
to create ransomwares, the encryption level also changes and hence
there is no tailor-made approach to these crimes. Various breeds of
ransomware are on prowl but ideally the aim of the hacker would be
to deny access to your own computer/network or data. One fit suit all,
does not work here as a solution. Remember to take real-time backups.
Updating the information and cyber security policies and practices
should be an ongoing and proactive endeavour. Patch management has
to be in real time right from firewalls, antivirus, intrusion detection
alarms etc and should be upgraded timely. Vulnerability Assessment
and Penetration Testing (VAPT) has to be carried out periodically. In
the year 2017, WannaCry ransomware affected approximately 150
countries at one go.
7. CYBER STALKING:
Precaution: Cyberstalking is a serious crime, and no one wants to
become a victim. One way to help protect yourself is to keep your
personal information private on the internet. That’s a start. Be careful
about allowing physical access to your computer and other web-enabled
devices like smartphones. Cyberstalkers can use software and hardware
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devices (sometimes attached to the back of your PC without you even
knowing it) to monitor their victims. Be sure you always log out of
your computer programs when you step away from the computer and
use a screensaver with a password. Delete or make private any online
calendars or itineraries — even on your social network — where you list
events you plan to attend. That information could allow a cyberstalker
to know where and when you’re planning to be somewhere. A lot of
personal information is often displayed on social networks, such as your
name, date of birth, where you work, and where you live. Use the privacy
settings in all your online accounts to limit your online sharing with
those outside your trusted circle. You can use these settings to opt out
of having your profile appear when someone searches for your name.
You can block people from seeing your posts and photos, too. If you
post photos online via social networks or other methods, be sure to turn
off the location services metadata in the photo. The metadata reveals
a lot of information about the photo — where and when it was taken,
what device it was taken on, and other private information. Most often,
metadata comes from photos taken on a mobile phone. You can turn this
off — it’s usually a feature called geo-tagging — in your phone’s settings.
8. PICTURE MORPHING:
Precautions: Morphing has become a child’s plays with tools, apps,
software’s and technology made available by the internet for free.
Various apps allow photo editing and high-end software’s allows the act
of morphing very easy. High end filters are available for free which can
be used to enhance the quality of the pictures. With Drag and Drop and
Cut, Copy and Paste options, super imposing or replacing the body and/
or body parts of one individual with that of another can be done with
considerable ease. Thus, porn and obscene contents are easily created
to defame someone by using the victims face and other identification
features that are similar to the victims and a lookalike picture of the

victims can be uploaded online thereby shaming them. Do not share
your pictures with unknown people or strangers and while uploading on
social networking sites like Fb, Instagram, Snapchat etc, one should have
an appropriate privacy setting in place before sharing. Very recently a
girl committed suicide when she learnt that a morphed vulgar picture of
hers were circulated online by an accused. Care before you Share.
9. PROFILE HACKING:
Precaution: Identity theft is the prime motive of Hackers especially
when they would want to defame or cheat a woman. Once unauthorized
access is gained to a women’s social networking sites account, these
hackers would invite her friends to like stuffs that are prohibited or filthy
in nature. Vulgar, obscene and morphed pictures are posted and people
start commenting on them. Messages that invite people for having good
time are posted so as to defame that women because her own friends and
the new one which the hacker adds from his side would think that this
woman herself is posting messages and photos on her own account and
hence these would be factual. Hence never click on unknown links, social
networking sites password should be strong and needs to be changed
often. Your social networking sites are linked to an email account so the
password of that mail account should never be revealed to anyone and
if you suspect it to be compromised, you need to change the password
immediately. Always log out from all the accounts you have logged in.
For apps on your mobile, it is advisable to have them password protected
as an extra layer of security. Do not reveal your passwords to best of
your friends because you never know when they would turn out to be
your foe.
10. ONLINE GAMES:

Precautions: Very recently it was reported that fake versions of online games
(including Temple Run, Free Flow and Hill Climb Race) that are popular
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and have huge number of downloads were uploaded on play stores as free
downloads. Innocent people not able to distinguish between the real and
the fake versions, downloaded the fake version and ended up in giving entire
personal data that resided on their devices and a hacker can also infect the
devices with malwares and thereby causing financial losses and also commit
identity theft. Addiction to play online games is again a drawback and cases
where young children using their parents credit/debit cards without their
consent or knowledge to play online games have been reported. Children use
their parents high end mobile phones to play such games so the OTP that is
sent by the bankers are received by these children and the parents come to
know only when they get the card account statement and furthermore many
parents do not see the details of the statements and pays up the amount
online thereby giving their children a good cover for their forbidden acts. A
few games were allegedly displaying inappropriate pictures that could cloud
the innocent minds of children. Parents need to keep a tab on what their
children are downloading or playing online by examining their browsing
history and it is a point to worry if the browsing history is cleared regularly
by children because that means they are hiding their footprints. Parental
controls should come into play.
11. JOB CALL LETTER:

Precautions: With the advent of high-end printers/copiers and scanners,
it is far easier to forge logos, water marks, letter heads, signatures,
companies’ seals, governments seals etc and entire set off documents
to cheat innocent victims. They are made to believe that they are being
offered a high pay package by way of salary either in their own country
or somewhere in the western world for which the victims are asked
to deposit money on various pretext to get that job call letter. Even
telephonic interviews are facilitated to make the victims believe that
they are interacting with right entities. Money maybe asked as security
deposit, visa facilitation charges, RBI clearance, insurance for travel,
opening of bank accounts abroad, for facilitating staying facilities,
federal charges etc. Fake and forged documents duly signed and sealed
and reduced on forged letterheads by the companies are sent to the
victims to trick them into believing that the offer that they have is for
real. Check and recheck before paying anything against such job calls. Do
your research, find out more about the company, lookup for its website,
call if necessary and ask them if they have floated such requirements in
actual. Never pay upfront.
12. DEEP FAKES:

Precautions: Since the advent of high-end filters, photo editors,
printers, scanners, apps and software’s, creation of any form of content
is a child’s play. With a little knowledge of technology and the requisite
tools that are available for free on internet, one can do wonders using
their imagination in the virtual world. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has just
added speed, sharpness, ease, convenience, cost effectiveness in the
sphere of creation of contents. Superimposing of images and mixing
them with high-end filters, makes it extremely difficult for anyone to
distinguish the original from the copy (fake). Before trusting any content,
be it audio clips, video clips, photos, songs, documents, movies etc, one
should verify the source from where it originates. The file sizes of the
fakes differ from that of the original ones and that needs to be verified.
Metadata (data’s data) if available of both the contents may reveal the
facts. Forensic examination may also reveal the facts of the contents.
Ideally speaking, it becomes almost impossible to distinguish the original
content from the fakes.
13. DATING WEBSITES:

Precautions: Before creating an account on dating sites one should
keep in mind about frauds being played by the sites and its users.
Be careful before swiping Left or Right because your act may swipe
you outright and you may have not much left before you could ever
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realize your mistake. Fake profiles are uploaded on such sites, false
information is provided and old pictures are uploaded by the users to
lure the victims. A male may think that he is dating online with a
beautiful female but chances are high that the beautiful female may
turn out to be an awful male in real. It could be a visa versa case as
well. Cases have been reported wherein males were asked to undress
and post their pictures on the site and later on those pictures were
used to extort money to get them deleted from the site by the accused
or were threatened that they would publish them online. Often it has
been reported that the reality is far from real as against that which
has been mentioned in the profile and the pictures also do not confirm
or match or resemble to the ones uploaded. Personal information is
gathered by these sites while registering people as clients with them
and may be used to one’s disadvantage. In a particular case, a dating
website was hacked into and the hacker threatened to make all the
names of the clients public together with their personal profiles and
private pictures if that site did not shut its business online as their
privacy policy was not acceptable to that hacker. That site had a few
hundred users who were Indians. A couple of suicides were reported
because of that breach. Scary isn’t that!
14. CAMERA HACKING:

Precautions: Cases have been reported wherein a trojan (which gives
privileges and remote access to the implanter) was activated without
the knowledge of the owner of a laptop and their pictures and moments
of privacy were clicked and uploaded online on porn sites. A small sized
file sent to your mobile phone via an attachment can grant access to the
implanter and It may allow them to take photos, videos, record sounds,
turn on your location services, receive and make calls, send and receive
SMS’s, access your phone book, your email account, pop up obscene
images and much more. Thus, the implanter can start taking pictures

and videos without your knowledge and there could be a huge privacy
breach. Always use a masking tape on the webcam of your laptops to
avoid breach of your privacy. As for mobile phones, put a piece of cloth
on it when you are not using it. Remember that the mobile phones have
cameras on both the side so precaution has to be adopted accordingly.
15. SOCIAL TROLLING:

Precaution: Do not indulge in trolling at all. Moreover, when you do
not have the facts of the matter, you shouldn’t be paddling false or fake
information, be it for some news, views or a person concerned. Remember
that whatever appears in the virtual world need not necessarily be true.
False and fake information can be made viral easily online and people
like to share such contents without verifying the facts. Trolling may
spread hatred, cause to defame someone, make someone an object of
shame, make someone to go into self-shame or depression or could end
up defaming someone and it could have a punitive effect on that person
being trolled if the actual facts differed from the ones that have been
circulated in the trolls. Be discreet while posting or endorsing!
16. PONZI SCHEMES:
Precautions: Schemes that offers to make you rich and wealth without
much efforts are often dubious. Remember that Schemes that offers
high returns on your investments most probably will never return the
money that you originally may have invested. Unfortunately, both literate
and illtreat people fall prey to such schemes. The greed to make money
without efforts or to adopt a shortcut to become rich and wealthy may
reduce your hard-earned income and make you poor and unhealthy
thereby. There have been enough Ponzi schemes being reported and
investigated by the law enforcement agencies but despite that new Ponzi
schemes are floated and people fall prey to such schemes. Study the
entire project and cross verify, make your own research before entrusting
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your money to someone or investing it into any such schemes. Do not
trust agents who promotes such schemes because they are appointed to
paddle wrong information and paint a fake picture of the scheme that
would attract your attention and make you not think rationally.
17. FAKE MATRIMONIAL SITES:
Precautions: Such sites not only collect important credentials like

your age, your citizenship, your caste, your employment details or the
professional services that you offer, your address, your mobile number,
your email id, your income, your likes and dislikes in regards prospective
brides or bride grooms that you are looking out to match for yourselves,
your educational qualifications, your pictures that you upload, your
hobbies etc. Fake sites would collect all such details and create a profile
of yours and may use it to your disadvantage. False entities are matched
and even people already married earlier are shown as prospective
clients looking out for life partners and thereby clients stands cheated
and deceived thus harming their reputation and honour which creates
a deep psychological impact on their minds. Cases have been reported
wherein the prospective grooms collects money, ornaments etc from the
prospective brides on various pretext by giving dubious reasons and by
giving false promise of marriage and dupes the victims. Physical abuses
have also been reported.
18. MOBILE REPAIR SHOP:

Precautions: This one is tricky. When you give your phones for minor
repairs to a local vendor for the sake of convenience and also it is
supposed to be cost effective, you actually hand over the entire contents
and privacy of yours to that vendor. Your phones sim card is a veritable key
to financial and sensitive personal data or information. An unscrupulous
vendor may make a copy of your entire phones data and retain and save
a copy on his laptop and you would even not come to know that fact.
People give their phones to vendors for formatting and that also gives a
chance to them to copy your data. While selling away your used phones in
exchange of a new or a used one, you may format your phones and hand
it over to the vendors. It takes a simple software to retrieve the formatted
phones data and here again the vendor may have a copy of your data. So
is with your Memory and SD cards. Never give away your Memory or SD
cards, instead destroy them and trash them. While disposing or selling off
the used phones, first encrypt the entire phone data, then format it. Now
if the vendor wants to retrieve the formatted data, he will need a key to
decrypt which he wouldn’t have for sure. Buying a used phone from a
local vendor has another challenge, the vendor may implant a trojan in
the phone before selling and thus this preloaded trojan or a malware, will
grant him remote access of your entire phone.
19. FAKE REVIEWS:

Precaution: Reviews for a particular site, online activity, hotels, food
stuffs, products, services etc can be manipulated and the reader of those
fake reviews may be tricked into buying or taking up products that are
fake or spurious or services that are par below excellence. Never trust
reviews because they can be manipulated and may show a wrong picture
of that product or service which may be factually incorrect. One should
do more research before buying or engaging any services. Remember,
reviews can be manipulated, do not trust them.
20. FAKE PROFILES WITH SEXTORTION:

Precautions: An upward trend in these crimes have been observed. Pictures
and videos clicked with or without consent in the moments of privacy are
used later to blackmail and or extort females for further gratification, to
extort money or to get them indulged into commission of other crimes or
getting them involved in criminal activities. Pictures and Videos clicked
in your good times comes to haunt you when the relationship turns sour.
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Never ever allow anyone to click a picture or a video that you may feel
would go against you someday. Also called Revenge Porn.
21. CYBER VULTURES:

Precautions: Any financial schemes that appears to be too good to
be true, should not be entered into. Avoid being lured into by false
claims of the providers of such schemes. Do not get carried away by
false information spread by these cheats who would by uploading their
pictures having political clouts and claiming themselves to be rich
and powerful and thereby deceive your rational thinking. There are no
freebies mind you. When you lose money and then someone promises to
make good the loss, is a bait in itself. You are sure to end up losing more
money in that event for trying to recover the money that you already
have lost. The situation thereafter would be hopeless. Caution! Your need
and your greed should be agreed and balanced by your own prudence.
22. APP TRAPS:

Precautions: Trackers and smart watches are enabled with Health Care
utilities and are now capable of recording your heart betas, pulse rates,
sleeping patterns, calories burnt, miles walked by way of number of
footsteps you walked throughout the day, water consumed in a day etc.
Personal medical profiles are uploaded by the users to maintain a record
and give them real time information on their medical condition and
hygiene. Fake apps may pick up this information, keep a record of the
same and may use it to your disadvantage. Very recently it was allegedly
reported that Google’s Play Store had about 2,000 fake apps being
uploaded for the users to download for free. Apart from that, several
apps are reported to transmit data to unknown servers without your
permission. Beware!

23. JUICE JACKING:
Precautions: Try not to use Kiosks that provide free charging (at Malls,
Airports, Public places etc) to the batteries of your cell phones. The
charging port and the data transfer cable is one and the same for all
smart phones. A small chip residing clandestinely in the Kiosk can drain
your phone data while boosting up your drained batteries. Use of Power
Banks is a safe bet.
24.WIFI HACKING:
Precautions: Check the level of your security by having strong password
that needs to be changed often (some users still use the default password
set by the providers). The most current security protocol that is in use is
WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access2) which implements the latest security
standards which includes high grade encryption. If possible, maintain a
log of people to whom you have granted access to your Wi-Fi network.
Companies have their own information security policies for the use of
Wi-Fi. If due to weak security/password, if a criminal manages to hack
your wi-fi and commit a crime, the IP address of your router will be
reflected and the police will begin enquiry from your house where you
have your wi-fi router placed. In a particular case, a terrorist used an
open and unprotected wi-fi of a college to send a mail to a media house,
claiming responsibility for the blasts that were carried out in a city.
That’s dangerous, isn’t it!
25. ONLINE RADICALIZATION:

Precautions: Gullible girls and women are either lured of brainwashed
to join groups in the name of religion, ideology or a cause that suits
the goals and ambitions of those groups. This may be done in the name
of religion, for political gains, false hopes that the group members will
earn name and fame in the society or may earn rewards in the eyes of
God. Baits like receiving huge money, power, status, cadres, sacrifice for
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a good cause etc are used to motivate the victims. Use of fake/false
information through audio/video clips are shown to provoke the victims
to join the group. Cult practices are used to entice innocent and ignorant
victims. By causing harm to others, one cannot do good to the society.
Basic principles of humanity should be strongly imbibed in you so as to
not to get carried away by such fake/false information. Avoid visiting
such sites/blogs. Use prudence before falling prey to such groups. Check
whether your online and offline values match.
26. honey trap:

Accepting friends request from strangers and chatting with them and also
putting your own privacy at risk as mentioned in the case study as above
and thereafter being victimized for ransom or extortion has been on the
rise. Your attitude of being casual and thinking that it’s fair to share on
internet may prove to be unfair and you may fall in the criminals net.
Most of such dating sites and sites which offer free chatting services
claim to guard the privacy of subscribers but in actual they record your
sessions, be it chat or photos or videos, and send it to servers in unknown
locations and they may be used against you for extortion or for granting
favors. These criminals have a simple modus operandi and that is to lure
soft targets and victims especially the ones who are in depression or are
going through heart break or are widows and having children’s or are
having troubled marriage etc. These vulnerabilities are exploited by the
criminals to reach their targets and crimes as mentioned here in above
are committed.
27. QR Hack:
Use technology that your brains can comprehend. The ‘on the go’
payment systems through QR code’s scan, tap n pay, pull n push money
etc should be enabled on your phone only if you conceptually understand
the procedure that involves in these kind of payment facilities.
Technology such as Drive by downloads etc are making things complex
for a layman to understand but in the urge to display that we are tech
savvy, we fail to read the fine prints that gives away our access privileges
by way of permissions and we use such payment systems freely and
usually end up loosing money. Numerous frauds have been reported by
use of UPI platforms. The pull and push concept of payments are being
misused and the criminals are taking advantage of lack of knowledge of
victims in regards UPI system. Victims are asked to download QR code’s
that are fake, lookalike apps that are fake and which gives away remote
access of your phones and thereafter swindling victims money becomes
easy.
It is better to transact money by using tested ways rather than trying
fancy and untrusted ways.
Let us keep one thing in mind that an ‘OTP is generate only and only
when You have to make a Payment’ and hence never share your OTPs.
For receiving money, no OTP is ever generated.
One more fact is that two factor authentication is available in India. For
international transactions, OTP is not generated.
28. RFID Cloning

Let us understand by breaking up the word technology ‘Tech-No-Logy(let
us read it as Logic). Hence if you are desirous to use ‘Tech’ but have ‘No
Logic’ than privacy and security breaches are but obvious. The more tech
you use in day to day life, the more logic should be used to protect
yourself from misuses.
With high end scanners and readers and copiers, it is easy to copy data
or make a clone of your Debit/Credit/Access cards etc. Leaving such
cards unattended could cause immense problems to you if someone is
revengeful. Recently it was reported that a criminal got into a stared
hotel and gained entry into a room of a guest which was enabled by
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keyless entry ie. Card Key. CCTV cams helped to nail the culprit and he
confessed that he had a device which could store 10 virtual keys and that
copying the data of the keys was as easy as tapping on the actual key.
Recently crimes were reported by use of Fast Tag that is used to pay
tolls at toll plazas by the use of RFID. Reports of receiving messages by
owners of the car that toll has been deducted even though the car was
with the owner and had not crossed that toll plaza ever were highlighted
by the media.
All our data dump is allegedly available on dark web and it is a fertile
place to buy and sell such data.
29. Drone surveillance

Advancement in Future Technologies and its products thereof will play a
dominant role in our lives.
Murphy’s law says that ‘When something has to go wrong, it will’. In the
above case, privacy breach just cannot be avoided.
Though surveillance equipment’s and CCTV cams could have detected
the drones but it would be a guess if this entire incidence was avoidable.
New generation Drones are as small as a butterfly but can fly high and
collect data. They are enabled with multiple payloads and can deliver,
tamper, collect, snoop, block and sniff data or internet facilities and also
capture, record, publish, transmit and stream live contents to the base
receiver.
With Internet of Things (IoT) and Home Assistance devices like Amazons
Echo and Alexa etc. our privacy is at stake all the time. Even when not
commanded, these devices listen to what is being said in your house
or office and the recording is uploaded onto a server without your
permission and knowledge. Anything that is put up on the Internet is
archived for lifetime hence your data remains on those servers.

In the world of internet, privacy breaches are very common and guarding
your data is an unfathomable task.
30. Search engine fraud

This is a new age crime and trending all over. Hackers have become very
ingenious and are adopting new modus operandi to fleece money from
victims.
They insert/inject codes on the pages of a website and post their
contact details. Unsuspecting victims looking for help would lookup at
Google search and would trust the numbers of customer care/help line
appearing on those sites and calls that number for help. The criminals
happily agree to help them out to solve their problems and by way
of social engineering gets the victims card details together with CVV
(Card Verification Value- 3 digit at the back side of your card). Money
is transferred or spent on international platforms and online services so
no OTP is required as two factor authentication is only for transactions
done within Indian boundaries. Such international transactions are done
in quick successions and before the victim understands the gravity of the
fraud, huge amount of money is lost.
Sometimes the criminals asks the victims to download apps or links send
by them so that refund amount can be transferred, but in actual it gives
away remote access of you device to them. This is far more dangerous.
As per the guidelines of RBI, if customers shares their pins/OTPs/
passwords, the banks are not liable to reimburse the money lost. It’s like
giving away to a stranger, your keys of a locker where your money lies.
Abstain from trusting the numbers so appearing in the search results.
Take some time and lookup for other helpline or customer care numbers.
Check whether as per the mail sent, the flight tickets was canceled in
actual.
RBI has now provided and enabled an added feature as a Security
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measure for Cards wherein you can now only make use of your cards at
ATMs and on Point of Sale (POS) devices within the Country.
Thus in the new debit and credit cards, features like international
transactions, online transaction and contactless transactions will be
disabled and a customer will have to opt for the same if they want such
services by requesting the issuing bank.
Profile: Advocate Prashant Jhala is a Cyber Lawyer from Mumbai.

He is the Founder of ICL Advocates (www.icladvocates.com) a Law
Firm based out in Mumbai and also a Co-Founder of Indian Cyber
Institute (indiancyberinstitute.com) which runs educational and
training programs in the field of Cyber Crime Investigation, Computer
Forensics, Ethical hacking and Information Security, Cyber Law etc. He
has been instrumental in training the law enforcement agencies across
the country. He is a regular speaker and trainer at various banking
forums and workshops/events/seminars organised by Information and
Technology stake holders.
Mail: [email protected]
Call: +91 9869184691

Where to Report Cyber-Crimes
1. Report all your cyber-crimes to your local police station that has the
jurisdiction over your residence or your office premises, as the case
maybe.
2. Cities having a Cyber Police Station established, cyber-crimes may
be reported there and they generally have jurisdiction over the entire
city (to be checked and verified before filing).
3. Online portals are also available in mega cities to register cyber-
crimes complaints. At the national level, we have https://cybercrime.
gov.in/
4. Districts and Mofussil areas where cyber police stations are not
established, would ideally have a Cyber Cell which would register
such complaints of cyber-crimes.
5. In absence of a cyber police station or a cyber cell, victims may
approach a high-ranking police officer in a District or a City
(Superintendent of Police or Deputy Commissioner of Police, as the
case may be) to take directions from him in regards registration of a
cyber-crimes.
6. Every State, City, District may have a different mechanism available
to register the complaints of cyber-crimes which needs to be checked
with appropriate authorities.
Disclaimer: The above-mentioned explanations herein are to the best of

our knowledge and interpretations and are for information purpose only.
They may be used as a guiding force. They should not be construed as
legal opinion by any chance.
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a note from the Police Officer
Technology has driven our lives from the time
we get up in the morning, with the chirping
alarm from a mobile, a WhatsApp good morning,
a digital calendar to remind us what to do the
day, maps to navigate our roads, e-commerce and
online banking to pay our bills, online games to
keep us busy and apps to help us and feed our
tech savviness. Yashavantha Kumar KN
Use of internet is an integral part of our lives and it has impacted us that
it has become indispensable part of our lives. However, if technology
has increased in a pace of 10, the cybercrimes have increased 100 folds.
But most of us are unaware of such crimes or threats which we may be
facing. Also, many a times, it happens without our knowledge.
It is also observed that the cybercrime has been affecting the women
at large compared to the men. However, it can generally affect anyone,
young or old, men or women, anyone could be susceptible to cybercrime.
It is thus very important at this juncture, to create awareness to all,
especially the worn, regarding the cybercrimes which is happening as a
global phenomenon.
The preventive tips in the book can help keep us cybersafe to the
maximum, if followed judiciously.
1. Sexual harassment is an act where a man provokes a woman in

different ways, such as following her, make unwelcoming advances
towards her, demand sexual favours, show obscene content against her
will, etc. The man may try to assault her or use forces with an intention
to disrobe her or force her to become naked
2. Voyeurism is an act of secretly watching or peeping into a woman
engaging in a private act. It can be an act where a man watches,
captures, publishes or disseminates such images of a private act. The
criminal tries to post obscene material in electronic form. The material
could be lascivious, appealing to the prurient interest with the tendency
to deprave or corrupt a person’s mind. The material could be of the
form which is readable, or a video to be watched, an audible content or
embodied in electronic form.
The victim should understand any such acts mentioned above is an
offence and must not keep quiet about it. The crime could include a
person/ criminal who posts sexually explicit matter in electronic form by
either publishing or helping others to publish.
3.Stalking: this act involves any man who follows, contacts or
attempts to contact a woman for personal interaction offline or online
intentionally. In online mode, the stalking is done by the man who
monitors her over internet, emails, social media or any other electronic
form. Stalking creates fear or a sense of harassment over the woman
due to repeated unwanted act. Stalking intends to insult the modesty
of any women by uttering unwanted words, making sounds, gestures or
exhibits insulting objects. Any such act is an offence.
4. Identity thefts: An electronic identify includes electronic signature,
password/ pin, biometric identifiers or any such unique identification
features. Theft of such identify may occur in the form of downloading,
copying, extracting personal information of anyone without permission,
dishonestly. Such an act of fraudulence is an offence or crime.
5. Be aware of cheaters by personation: Personation act includes
inducing a person to accept, agree, transact, deliver data or information
to another person by force or for money. Such and act is an offence.
6. Smishing/ SMS phishing: This cyber offence includes the criminal
suing fraudulent text message designed to trick you so that they can
gather your personal, banking details, etc. Sometimes you receive a text
message with phone number or links. These could be such fraudulent
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texts to trap you and gather personal information from you. Hence it is
important to be aware and not fall to such trap. Some of the advices to
be followed are:
 Do not click such links
 Do not call back to such numbers
 Do not reply or text such numbers
 Report to authorities
7. Phishing: This act involves exploiting human nature by studying.
In this case, the Fraudulent attempt to obtain Sensitive/personal
information via online by disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity. this
information could be usernames, passwords, banking details. Phishing
can be identified by proper observations. Some of the observations
include:
 poorly written texts
 an attempt to offer money
 asking financial assistance
 use of tactic messaging
 emails with strange email addresses
 texts or emails which arrives at an unexpected time or has out-of-
character messaging from “known” senders
Phishing is an offence and becoming a victim can be avoided with
following suggestions:
 Never click links/emails from unknown source
 Never open unsafe attachments
 Never share/type login credentials
 Never share banking credentials
 Never do money transaction
8. Vishing / Voice phishing: This is an act where criminals use
phone calls (voice or VOIP) to gain access to victims’ personal, financial
information. However, it is possible to identify them by observing
following tricks used by offender/ criminal:
 Uses Apps to pretend themselves as trusted organisation
 Impersonates themselves as bank official or trusted entity
 Communicates in language other than regional language
 Quotes some reasons which may feel like genuine
A visher may try some of the following tricks:
 Ask for personal /Banking /ATM card details
 Request for immediate/urgent actions
 Create panic
 Request him/her to connect remotely to your computer
 Request you to download some Apps
 Request you to Click link/ To share OTP/Code
 Abuses for non-co-operation and thus force you to some action.
It is possible to avoid visher by adhering to certain guidelines as follows:
 Be suspicious of unknown calls
 Ignore calls from unknown numbers
 Never call back to unknown numbers
 Never respond to strange voices messages
 Do not trust caller IDs as spoofing is very easy nowadays
 Never trust visher, nor cross question the visher
 Never get panicked by listening to their reasons
 Never act as per his/her instruction
 Never download any Apps like mysms, anydesk ,diskdigger, cashify etc.
 Never transfer money to any account for any offer/reasons
 Never click any suspicious link
 Never scan any QR code unless you are sure
 Never share/ send back any messages received on your mobile/system
 Never share sensitive information like user name, password, PIN,
banking details
 Never share ATM card number, card expiry date, CVV, OTP
 Never relay upon search engine to gather contact details of bank,
financial institution
84 #CyberSafeGirl
9. OTP Scam: A person may request for OTP received in your mobile
using reasons such as: telling that your card is blovked, requesting OTP
to retrieve it, for card reneval, for card activation, or linking Aadhar or
to update reward points etc. In case of OTP they may also request for
information such as 16 digit card number, card expiry date, 3 digit CVV
number and then OTP received on RMN. Be cautious of such fraudulents
and report to authorities immediately. There are modules available
using which a person retorts to OTP scam and thus your OTP being
compromised.
 Direct Method: in this method, he/she may Instruct you to Read/
Forward SMS Received on RMN or instructs you to Click/Forward Link To
The Specific Number
 Indirect method: This is done by Installing APPS Like MySMS or QR
code scan in Victim’s Mobile
 Remote Access: Instructs to Download App Like Any Desk, Disk digger
 Search Engine: Manipulating Bank /Service Provider Customer Care
Number
10. Card Skimming: This is a case wherein the debit card is with you,
you have not given card to anyone nor are you using the card, yet you
may get message on your mobile about some transaction done by you.
This situation arises in case called as card skimming. This is done using
following traps:
 Key logger: The victim’s Password/Pin is captured
 Pin- hole camera: The victim’s finger movements on key pad is captured
 Black magnet card: The victim’s card is clones or recreated
However, it is possible to prevent card from skimming by following
certain precautions/ guidelines:
 Use Onsite ATM
 Use Secured ATM
 Use Daily Transaction Limit
 Use Switching ATM Card on/off By Mobile App
 Avoid usage of ATM Card in presence of other people
 Never take help from unknown in usage of ATM card
 Never write PIN on your card
 Destroy withdrawal slips carefully
 Inform immediately about unknown/sticky/cello/double side tape/
objects found
 Never allow to swipe your card to another machine for any technical
reason
 Never allow unknown person to stand beside during ATM transaction
In case you become a victim of OTP or skimming fraud, then follow the
guidelines below to avoid further damage:
 Block Your ATM Card
 Change PIN/Password/Security Questions
 Verify Fraudulent Transaction
 Capture Screenshots
 Report to Your Bank & Nearest CEN/CYBER /Police Station
11. Facebook/ Instagram/ social media related crimes: Many a
times our social media accounts such as Facebook / Instagram accounts
may be compromised. The criminal may create account or fake page
using following tricks:
 Using Fake Credentials
 Using Credentials belonging to the victim
 Creates & Posts Victim Name, Pictures, Contact Details
 Take Control over Victims Original Account
 Hacking/Unauthorised Access of Victims Account
12. Matrimonial/ Gift fraud: This is the case where in the offender
may try some of the following
 Creates Social Media Account using Fake Credentials
 Impersonates as professional at reputed overseas Organisation with
Lavish Life Style
 Establishes Intimacy communication with the victim
86 #CyberSafeGirl
 Informs that She/he is coming with or is sending valuable gifts
 Makes you feel that he/she is genuine by sending Invoice, Courier Bill,
Tracking Id, Air Ticket Etc.
 Intimates that he is reached and that the gift he sent has reached to
Indian international airport
 Victim gets calls from impersonated authorities
 Victim deposits amount to various bank accounts at different stages as
directed by organised syndicate
 Blackmail/threaten/humiliates the victim
13. Online platform sale / purchase frauds: Many people become
victim to such frauds wherein the criminal tries any of the following:
 Creates Fake Id on Olx /Quicker/ Facebook Platform
 Posts Advertisements with Attractive Offers, Contact Number
 Provokes Victim to Pay Partial Amount to Block
 Provokes Victim & Gets Deposits by Quoting Many Reasons
14. Sexual Harassment of Women At Work Place (Prevention,
Prohibition And Redressal Act-2013: Sexual harassment includes
un welcome sexually determined behavior such as follows:
 Physical contact and advances;
 A demand or request for sexual favors
 Sexually colored remarks
 Showing pornography
However, there are Guidelines and norms laid down by the honorable
Supreme court in Vishaka and others v/s state of Rajasthan (JT 1997 (7
SC 384)
15. Juice Jacking: Do you often charge your phone from public port
while travelling? Then be aware of trap known as juice jacking where
attackers will make use of public charging ports to install malware, steel
data or even to take complete control of your device.
To prevent being a victim of Juice jacking. One must follow certain
guidelines:
 Carry a personal charger of your device
 Carry your personal power bank/backup
However, if the above is inevitable the do the following
 Disable data transfer mode
 Your phone shouldn’t pair with other devices
 Switch off handset before recharging
 Avoid opening password pattern
16. SIM swapping or cloning fraud: There are chances that your
SIM card may be cloned or swapped. This is an instance where in the
criminal tries to do the following
 Identifies the target person & mobile number of that person used for
online banking
 Creates fake documents in the name of target person
 Activates same number new sim card by impersonating target person
 Activates net banking with newly activated sim card in the name of
target person
Therefore, in case your Sim gets suddenly deactivated, there are chances
that your Sim is swapped. During such times, immediately inform your
bank to stop all transaction and also inform your mobile service provider.
Finally lodge a written complaint to cyber police station or nearest
jurisdictional police station
Remember to be cautious when using internet as there are chances of
being a victim of several vulnerabilities. However, with few precautions
and guidelines, it is possible to stay away from such fraudulent.
Awareness is the key to following the preventive tips. Be brave to report
in case of such crimes incurred on you.
Stay cyber safe.
88 #CyberSafeGirl
OFFENCES AND RELEVANT PENAL SECTIONS
Cyber Crimes Mapping with Information Technology Act, 2000,
Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008,
IPC and Special and Local Laws.
Applicable section(s) and Applicable section(s)
Sl.
Nature of complaint punishments under ITA 2000 & under other laws and
No
ITAA 2008 punishment
1 Mobile phone lost/stolen - Section 379 IPC
3 years imprisonment or
fine or both
2 Receiving stolen Section 66 B of ITAA 2008 Section 411 IPC
computer/ mobile phone/data 3 years imprisonment or Rupees one 3 years imprisonment or
(data or computer or mobile lakh fine or both fine or both
phone owned by you is found in
the hands of someone else.)
3 Data owned by you or your Section 66 of ITAA 2008 Section 379 IPC
company in any form is stolen 3 years imprisonment or fine up to 3 years imprisonment or
rupees five lakh or both fine or both
4 A password is stolen and used Section 66C of ITAA 2008 Section 419 IPC
by someone else for fraudulent 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 3 years imprisonment
purpose. Rupees one lakh or fine
Section 66D ITAA 2008 Section 420 IPC
3 years imprisonment and fine up to 7 years imprisonment
Rupees one lakh and fine
6 An e-mail is read by Section 66 of ITAA 2008
someone else by 3 years imprisonment or fine up to
fraudulently making use of Rupees five lakh or both
password Section 66C of ITAA 2008
3 years imprisonment and fine up to
Rupees one lakh
7 A biometric thumb Section 66C of ITAA 2008
impression is misused 3 years imprisonment and fine up to
Rupees one lakh
8 An electronic signature or Section 66C of ITAA 2008
digital signature is misused 3 years imprisonment and fine up to
Rupees one lakh
10 A Phishing e-mail is sent Section 66D of ITAA 2008 Section 419 IPC
out in your name, asking 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 3 years imprisonment or
for login credentials Rupees one lakh fine or both
11 Capturing, publishing, or Section 66E of ITAA 2008 Section 292 IPC
transmitting the image of 3 years imprisonment or fine not 2 years imprisonment
the private area without exceeding Rupees two lakh or both and fine Rupees 2000
any person’s consent or and 5 years and rupees
knowledge 5000 for second and
subsequent conviction
12 Tampering with computer Section 65 of ITAA 2008
source Documents 3 years imprisonment or fine up to
Rupees two lakh or both
Section 66 of ITAA 2008
3 years imprisonment or fine up to
Rupees five lakh or both
13 Data Modification Section 66 of ITAA 2008
3 years imprisonment or fine up to

14 Sending offensive Section 500 IPC
messages through 2 years or fine or both
communication service, Section 504 IPC
etc. 2 years or fine or both
Section 506 IPC
2 years or fine or both
— if threat be to cause
death or grievous hurt,
etc. — 7 years or fine
or both
Section 507 IPC
2 years along with
punishment under
section 506 IPC
Section 508 IPC
1 year or fine or both
Section 509 IPC
1 years or fine or both of
IPC as applicable
15 Publishing or transmitting Section 67 of ITAA 2008 Section 292 IPC
obscene material in first conviction — 3 years and 5 lakh 2 years imprisonment
electronic form Second or subsequent conviction— and fine Rupees 2000
5 years and up to 10 lakh and 5 years and rupees
5000 for second and
16 Publishing or transmitting Section 67A of ITAA 2008 Section 292 IPC
of material containing first conviction —5 years and up 2 years imprisonment
sexually explicit act, etc., in to 10 lakh and fine Rupees 2000
electronic form Second or subsequent conviction— and 5 years and rupees
7 years and up to 10 lakh 5000 for second and
17 Punishment for publishing Section 67B of ITAA 2008 Section 292 IPC
or transmitting of material first conviction —5 years and up 2 years imprisonment
depicting children in to 10 lakh and fine Rupees 2000
sexually explicit act, etc., in Second or subsequent conviction— and 5 years and rupees
electronic form 7 years and up to 10 lakh 5000 for second and
18 Misusing a Wi-Fi Section 66
connection for acting 3 years imprisonment or fine up to
against the state Rupees five lakh or both
Section 66F— life imprisonment of
ITAA 2008
19 Planting a computer virus Section 66
that acts against the state 3 years imprisonment or fine up to
66F— life imprisonment
20 Conducting a denial of Section 66 of ITAA 2008
service attack against a 3 years imprisonment or fine up to
government computer Rupees five lakh or both
Section 66F of ITAA 2008— life
imprisonment of
21 Stealing data from a Section 66 of ITAA 2008
government computer that 3 years imprisonment or fine up to
has significance from national Rupees five lakh or both, 66F — life
security perspective imprisonment
22 Not allowing the authorities Section 69 of ITAA 2008
to decrypt all communication that imprisonment up to 7 years and fine
passes through your computer or
network.
90 #CyberSafeGirl
23 Intermediaries not Section 69 of ITAA 2008
providing access to information imprisonment up to 7 years and fine
stored on their computer to the
relevant authorities
24 Failure to Block Web sites, Section 69A of ITAA 2008
when ordered imprisonment up to 7 years and fine
25 Sending threatening Section 506 IPC
messages by e-mail 2 years or fine or both
25 Word, gesture or act Section 509 IPC
intended to insult the 1 years or fine or both —
modesty of a woman IPC as applicable
26 Sending defamatory Section 500 IPC
messages by e-mail 2 years or fine or both
27 Bogus Web sites, cyber Section 66D of ITAA 2008 Section 419 IPC
frauds 3 years imprisonment and fine 3 years imprisonment
up to Rupees one lakh or fine
Section 420 IPC
7 years imprisonment
and fine
28 E-mail Spoofing Section 66C of ITAA 2008 Section 465 IPC
3 years imprisonment and fine 2 years or fine or both
up to Rupees one lakh Section 468 IPC
7 years imprisonment
and fine
29 Making a false document Section 66D of ITAA 2008 Section 465 IPC
3 years imprisonment and fine 2 years or fine or both
up to Rupees one lakh
30 Forgery for purpose of Section 66D of ITAA 2008 Section 468 IPC
cheating 3 years imprisonment and fine 7 years imprisonment
up to Rupees one lakh and fine
31 Forgery for purpose of Section 66D of ITAA 2008 Section. 469 IPC
harming reputation 3 years imprisonment and fine 3 years and fine
up to Rupees one lakh
32 E-mail Abuse Sec. 500 IPC
2 years or fine or both
33 Punishment for criminal Sec. 506 IPC
intimidation 2 years or fine or both
— if threat be to cause
death or grievous hurt,
etc. — 7 years or fine
or both
34 Criminal intimidation by an Sec. 507 IPC
anonymous communication 2 years along with
punishment
under section 506 IPC
35 Copyright infringement Section 66 of ITAA 2008 Sec. 63, 63B Copyrights
3 years imprisonment or fine up to Act 1957
36 Theft of Computer Sec. 379 IPC
Hardware 3 years imprisonment or
fine or both
37 Online Sale of Drugs NDPS Act
38 Online Sale of Arms Arms Act

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Cyber

First Published in India in 2018

Copyright (C) Campus Interview Training Solutions 2020

All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright

Requests for permission should be directed to

Designed and printed by

Roopa D, IPS Dr Vedamurthi, IPS Reena Suvarna, KSPS M C Kavitha, KSPS

Krishna J Palemar Manjunath Bhandary Vivek Shetty Ch A S Murty

Tapan J Mehta Vaikunt Prabhu Dhanesh Babu Fazeel Ahmed

Mobile Number Sale to Stalkers by Recharge Shop:

Everything comes for a Charge and in case of Recharge, there’s

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 1

Money Transaction followed by cloning:

Cloning may blow up your Earning!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 3

Creating fake profile & posting private conversation : IT Act

Keylogger may empty your Coffer!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 5

SMS are Spoofed by Cyber Crooks!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 7

Call Spoofing, Caller is Confusing!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 9

Demand without payment :

Demand & payment :

Sensitize your Hardware and Software to avoid Ransomware!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 11

Cyber Stalking Means Someone is Watching!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 13

For publishing photos containing indecent representation of women:

Morphing is used for Defaming!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 15

Profile Hacking means Security is Lacking!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 17

Before it becomes a game changer of your child’s Future, check

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 19

Impersonation for cheating:

Abatement for offence

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 21

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 25

Are you Trolling, the law may be soon following!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 29

IPC Section 120-B - Punishment for Criminal Conspiracy

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 31

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 33

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 35

Fake Reviews may give you wrong Overviews!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 37

A Fake Ex may levy a unforgiving Tax!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 39

Impersonation as financial company:

Vultures lives on dead bodies, cyber vultures live on people who

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 41

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 43

You may end up giving your data by way of Lottery to the

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 45

Wrongful gain, wrongful loss of internet data:

Mischief by internet utility:

Other provisions of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act,

To live a highfy virtual life, better secure your Wi-Fi!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 47

Don’t get Radicalized, rather be Rationalized!

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 49

With AI, it becomes almost difficult if not impossible to make

Beti Bachao, Cyber Crime Se 51