SCRIPT lymphnodes, weight loss, fever, diarrhea

and cough are the symptoms to be

TOPIC: HIV/AIDS/STD (English further developed. If remained
& Tagalog) untreated, tuberculosis (TB),
cryptococcal meningitis, severe bacterial
DEFINITION & SIGNS AND infections, and cancers such as
SYMPTOMS: lymphomas and Kaposi's sarcoma are
severe illness that an individual could
But what do sexually transmitted develop.
infection actually mean? Sexually
transmitted infections or also known as TAGALOG:
sexually transmitted diseases are types
Ngunit ano nga ba talaga ang ibig
of infection that could spread through
sabihin ng sexually transmitted
sexual contact including vaginal, anal or
infection? Sexually transmitted
oral sex. It could also be acquired by
infections o sexually transmitted
non-sexual means via blood or blood
diseases ay uri ng mga impekyson na
products. There are more than 30
nakukuha sa pamamagitan ng
different bacteria, virus, and parasites
pakikipagtalik maaaring vaginal, anal o
are considered being acquired and
oral sex. Maaari rin itong matamo sa
transmitted through sexual contact.
pag pasok ng dugo ng indibidwal na
However, through such medications and
may STI sa katawan ng indibidwal na
treatment, clinical manifestations of
walang sakit. Subalit, sa pamamagitan
these incurable viral infections are
ng paggagamot maaaring mabawasan
lessened or modified.
ang mga sintomas ng mga nasabing
Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV viral infections.
is an example of sexually transmitted
Ang Human Immunodeficiency Virus o
infection. This aims to weakened the
HIV ay isang halimbawa ng STI. Layon
immune system for the individual to be
nitong mapahina nag resistensya ng
vulnerable to various infections and
isang tao na siyang nagiging dahilan ng
some types of cancer. The virus works
madaliang pagpasok ng mga iba pang
by impairing the function of the immune
impeksyon at iilang uri ng kanser.
cells thus the individual becomes
immunodeficient. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome o
AIDS ang pinakamalalang lebel ng HIV
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
na maaaring matamo ng isang
or AIDS is a considered the most
indibidwal. Maraming taon upang ito ay
advanced stage of HIV. This takes
mag-develop kung walang paggagamot
several years to develop if remained
at patuloy itong hinahayaan ng
untreated.
indibidwal.
How do we determine if an individual
Paano malalaman kung ang isang
possesses this type of sexually
indibidwal ay maaaring may HIV? Ang
transmitted infection? Symptoms
mga sintomas ay nakadepende sa
manifest depending on the stage of
stages ng impeksyon. Itinuturing na
infection. People who acquired the
pinakanakahahawa ang mga taong
disease in early months are considered
mayroong HIV sa mga unang buwan na
the most infectious agent this is
kanilang nakuha ang impeksyon dahil
because they are unaware of their
lingid sa kanilang kaalaman kung sila
condition. During first few weeks, people
mayroong HIV. Sa mga unang lingo ay
tend to be asymptomatic or they may
maaaring walang sintomas na maaaring
experience fever, headache, rash or
pagbasihan okaya naman maaaring
sore throat.
makaranas ng lagnat, pananakit ng ulo,
As the infection worsens, it continues to paglabas ng mga pultik pultik sa
weaken the immune system. Swollen katawan o pananakit ng lalamunan.
Sabay ng paglala ng impeksyon , HIV o AIDS, at paggamit ng mga
patuloy nitong pinahihina ang hindi malilinis na karayom. Ang
resistensya ng katawan. Pamamaga ng
Inang may HIV o AIDS ay pwede
kulani, pamamayat, lagnat, pagtatae at
ubo ay mga sintomas na maaari pang maipasa sa sakanyang sanggol sa
maranasan ng indibidwal. kapanahunan ng pagdadalantao
at panganganak. HINDI nakukuha
Kung patuloy itong hindi ginagamot,
ang HIV mula sa paghahalikan,
tuberculosis (TB), cryptococcal
meningitis, severe bacterial infections at yakapan, pakikipagkamayan,
kanser gaya ng lymphomas at Kaposi's paghihiraman ng damit, at
sarcoma ay halimbawa ng mga pakikisalo sa pagkain.
malalalang sakit na maaaring mag-
develop sa katawan ng indibidwal. https://www.who.int/news-
room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids?
fbclid=IwAR3ot93zaSm93IWOdVX
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact- bnpWN30DVKj1x6IjZzv23CcQeA
sheets/detail/sexually-transmitted- GP4e8KcbWf_18A
infections-(stis)
HOW TO TREAT THE DISEASE
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/hiv-aids According to the Centers for
MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Disease Control and Prevention,
in treating the HIV, it involves
ENGLISH taking medicines that slow the
progression of the virus in the
HIV can be transmitted via the
body. HIV is a type of virus called
exchange of a variety of body
a retrovirus, and the combination
fluids from infected people, such
of drugs used to treat it is called
as blood, breast milk, semen and
antiretroviral therapy (ART). A
sharing of needles. HIV can also
cure for HIV doesn’t exist yet but
be transmitted from a mother to
ART keeps a person healthy for
her child during pregnancy and
many years and reduces the
delivery. Individuals cannot
amount of virus in the blood and
become infected through ordinary
body fluids. ART is recommended
day-to-day contact such as
for all people with HIV, regardless
kissing, hugging, shaking hands,
of how long they’ve had the virus
or sharing personal objects, food
or how healthy they are. ART also
or water. 
reduces your chance of
transmitting HIV to others if taken
as prescribed. Antiretroviral
TAGALOG
therapy is usually taken as a
PAANO ITO NAKUKUHA? combination of 3 or more drugs to
have the greatest chance of
Ang HIV ay nakukuha sa ibang tao
lowering the amount of HIV in your
sa pamamagitan ng: pagsasalin
body. Ask your health care
ng nakontaminahang dugo, isang
provider about the availability of
inang nag papasuso, semilya,
multiple drugs combined into 1 pill.
pakikipagtalik na walang
If the HIV medicines you are
proteksiyon sa isang taong may
taking are not working as well as
they should, your health care tatlo o mas marami pang gamot
provider may change your upang mas malaki ang chansa ng
prescription. A change is not pagbaba ng virus sa ating
unusual because the same katawan. Kung sa tingin mo, ang
treatment does not affect gamot na iyong iniinom ay walang
everyone in the same way. Let epekto, kausapin ang iyong nurse
your health care provider and o tagapangalaga tungkol sa iyong
pharmacist know about any sitwasyon upang kaniyang
medical conditions you may have mapalitan ang iyong gamot. Kung
and any other medicines you are ikaw naman ay buntis o ang iyong
taking. Additionally, if you or your kasintahan o asawa, kausapin ang
partner is pregnant or considering iyong tagapangalaga kung paano
getting pregnant, talk to your maiiwasan ang pagkahawa ng
health care provider to determine inyong sanggol.
the right type of ART that can
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livi
greatly reduce the risk of
ngwithhiv/treatment.html
transmitting HIV to your baby.

TAGALOG
DISEASE PREVENTION:
Ano ang mga hakbang sa
paglutas sa sakit na HIV? Individuals can reduce the risk of
HIV infection by limiting exposure
Ayon sa tagapangasiwa ng
to risk factors. Key approaches for
Centers for Disease Control and
HIV prevention, which are often
Prevention, sa paglutas ng sakit
used in combination, are listed
na Human Immunodeficiency
below.
Virus, isa rito ang pag-inom ng
gamot na pinababagal nito ang Male and female condom use
pagdami ng virus sa ating
Correct and consistent use of
katawan. Ang HIV ay isang uri ng
male and female condoms during
sakit na tinatawag na retrovirus,
vaginal or anal penetration can
ang kombinasyon ng gamot sa
protect against the spread of STIs,
paglunas nito ay tinatawag na
including HIV. Evidence shows
antiretroviral therapy o ang ART.
that male latex condoms when
Sa kasalukuyan, wala pang lunas
used consistently have an 85% or
na nailalabas para rito ngunit ang
greater protective effect against
ART ay pinapanatili nitong
HIV and other STIs.
malusog ang pangangatawan ng
tao. Ito ay inirerekomenda sa lahat Testing and counselling,
ng tao na may sakit na HIV kahit linkages to tuberculosis (TB)
gaano na katagal ang virus sa care
kanilang katawan o kung gaano
pa ito kalusog. Ang gamot na ito Early detection of TB and prompt
ay nakapagbababa rin ng chansa linkage to TB treatment and ART
sa pagpasa ng virus sa ibang tao. can prevent these deaths. TB
Ang antiretroviral therapy ay screening should be offered
karaniwang iniinom kasama ang routinely at HIV care services, and
routine HIV testing should be ginamit ay patuloy
offered to all patients with na mayroong 85% o
presumptive and diagnosed TB. higit na proteksiyon
TB preventive therapy should be na epekto laban sa
offered to all people living with HIV HIV at iba pang
who do not have active TB. mga impeksyon.
Individuals who are diagnosed 2. Pagsusuri at pagpapayo
with HIV and active TB should ukol sa HIV at mga
urgently start effective TB impeksyon na nakukuha
treatment (including for multidrug- sa pakikipagtalik.
resistant TB) and ART. -Ang maagang pagtuklas
ng TB at agarang pag-
TAGALOG:
uugnay sa paggamot sa
PAG-IWAS SA PAGKAKAROON TB at ART ay maaaring
NG HIV/AIDS AT STD maiwasan ang mga
pagkamatay na ito. Dapat
Ang mga indibidwal ay maaaring suriin ang pag-screening
gumawa ng paraan upang ng TB sa mga serbisyo sa
mabawasan ang panganib ng pangangalaga sa HIV, at
impeksyon sa HIV sa ang regular na pagsusuri
pamamagitan ng paglilimita sa sa HIV ay dapat ibigay sa
pagkakalantad sa mga lahat ng mga pasyente na
kadahilanan sa peligro. Ang mga may presumptive at
pangunahing pamamaraan para diagnosis ng TB. Ang TB
sa pag-iwas sa HIV, na madalas preventive therapy ay
na ginagamit, ay ang mga dapat ibigay sa lahat ng
sumusunod: taong nabubuhay na may
1. Ang paggamit ng condom HIV na walang aktibong
ng lalaki at babae. TB. Ang mga indibidwal
 Ang wasto at na nasuri na may HIV at
patuloy na aktibong TB ay dapat na
paggamit ng mga mapilit na magsimula ng
lalaki at babae ng epektibong paggamot sa
condom sa TB (kabilang ang para sa
panahon ng multidrug-resistant TB) at
pakikipagtalik ay ART
maaaring
maprotektahan
laban sa pagkalat
ng mga iba’t ibang
SOURCE:
uri ng impeksyon na
https://www.who.int/news-
sekswal, kabilang
room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids?
ang HIV. Ipinakikita
fbclid=IwAR0FdK5pfemguH2UArG
ng katibayan na
3gvPqvVePxkjxZ5NzAJ5SBTXxyY
ang mga “latex
ZDrBBzk3DeVlo
condom”, kapag
DIAGNOSING HIV virus ang nasa dugo. Ang
antigen/antibody test naman ay
Testing for HIV is a two-step
nagdedetekta ng parehong
process that involves screening
antigen at antibody na ginagawa
tests and confirmatory tests.
ng ating katawan kapag tayo ay
Screening tests check if an
naexpose sa virus na tulad ng
individual is infected with HIV. If
HIV. Madedetekta ng test na ito
found positive, he/she will then
ang HIV sa loob ng 2-6 na linggo
undergo a confirmatory test.
na pagkakaroon ng impeksiyon at
There are three main types of HIV isinasagawa ito sa pamamagitan
tests: Nucleic Acid Tests (NAT), ng pangongoleta ng dugo galing
Antigen/Antibody test, and HIV sa ugat. Mayroon ring rapid
antibody test. NAT, also known as antigen/antibody test na
HIV viral load test, tells how much isinasagawa sa pamamagitan ng
virus is in the blood. finger pricks. Ang HIV antibody
Antigen/Antibody tests look for test, ang pangatlong uri ng HIV
both antigens and antibodies that test, ay nagtutukoy kung ang
are produced by our bodies once indibidwal ay mayroong HIV mula
exposed to a virus, such as HIV. 3-12 linggo pagkatapos
This test detects HIV within 2-6 magkaroon ng impeksiyon.
weeks of infection and is be done
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/ind
by drawing blood from the vein.
ex.html
Rapid antigen/antibody tests are
also available and are done by Introduce DOH Program
finger pricks. The HIV antibody
STI-HIV/AIDS PREVENTION
test, the third type of HIV test, can
PROGRAM
determine if an individual has HIV
from 3-12 weeks after infection. Program Activities:
TAGALOG: 1. Availability of free
voluntary HIV Counseling
Ang pagtetest para sa HIV ay
and Testing Service
nangangailangan ng dalawang
2. 100% Condom Use
hakbang, ang screening tests at
Program (CUP) especially
confirmatory tests. Isinasagawa
for entertainment
ang screening test upang
establishments;
malaman kung ang isang
3. Peer education and
indibidwal ay mayroong
outreach;
impeksiyon ng virus na ito. Kapag
4. Empowerment of
nagpositibo, sasailalim naman sa
communities;
confirmatory test.
5. Procured male condoms
Mayroong tatlong uri ng HIV tests: distributed as education
Nucleic Acid Test (NAT), materials during outreach.
Antigen/Antibody Test, at HIV TAGALOG:
Antibody Test. Ang NAT, kilala din
STI-HIV/AIDS PROGRAMA NG
bilang HIV viral load test, ay
PAG-IWAS
natutukoy kung gaano kadaming
Mga programang pang utilize their experience to
aktibidad: warn the public about the
disease.
1. Ang pagkakaroon ng
TAGALOG:
libreng boluntaryong
pagpapayo at pagsusuri MGA PATAKARAN AT BATAS
sa serbisyo ng HIV;
1. Kaalaman ng publiko
2. Lubusang pagpapatupad
tungkol sa sanhi, paano
nang paggamit ng condom
naipapasa, bunga, paraan
lalong-lalo na sa mga
paano ito maiiwasan at
bahay-aliwan;
pag kontrol ng HIV/AIDS.
3. Pagbibigay ng kaalaman at
2. Proteksyon karapatang
outreach;
pantao at kalayaan sa sibil
4. Pagpapalakas ng mga
sa bawat taong
pamayanan
napaghinalaan o
5. Mga pamamaraan na
nahawaan ng HIV/AIDS.
ipinamamahagi sa mga
3. Pagpapalaganap ng aral o
kalalakihan ang condom
impormasyon mula sa
bilang mga materyales sa
mga taong may HIV/AIDS
edukasyon sa panahon ng
upang mabalaan o
outreach.
masabihan ang publiko
tungkol sa sakit na ito.
Policies and Law

R.A 8504 “Philippine AIDS

STRATEGIES, ACTION POINTS,
Prevention and Control Act of
AND TIMELINE
1998”
● Maximize prevention in a
1. Promote public awareness
wide range of activities
about the causes, modes
involving health and other
of transmission,
health sectors.
consequences, means of
● A comprehensive
prevention and control of
package of prevention,
HIV/AIDS.
treatment and care
intervention should be
2. Extend to every person
made available.
suspected or known to be
TAGALOG:
infected with HIV/AIDS full
protection of his/her Mga diskarte, mga puntos ng
human rights and civil pagkilos, at palatakdaan ng
liberties. oras

● I-maximize ang pag iwas

3. Recognize the potential
sa isang malawak na
role of affected individuals
hanay ng mga aktibidad na
in propagating vital
may kinalaman sa
information and
kalusugan at iba pang mga
educational messages
sektor ng kalusugan.
about HIV/AIDS and shall
 Communication Service and
● Ang isang Media Relations Unit Office.
komprehensibong pakete
ng pag-iwas, paggamot at The screening will takes about 15
pangagalaga ay dapat na minutes per person, will be
magamit. conducted by trained members
from the community-based
organization, “Project Red
ABCDE ng STI at HIV
Ribbon.” Manila Social Hygiene
Prevention
Clinic and San Lazaro Hospital will
A- Ayoko (abstinence) also be present to provide further
testing and counseling to those
B- Basta ikaw at ako lamang (be who will test reactive in the
mutually faithful with your screening.
partner)

C- Condoms gamitin ng tama at “As health workers, we should

palagian (consistent and correct lead and promote HIV testing as
use of condoms) part of the national strategy to fight
and prevent HIV/AIDS. It is
D- Dapat pang-ineksyon laging important to know one’s HIV
bago (dont use drugs) status to enable people living with
E- Edukasyon at tamang HIV (PLHIV) to access treatment,
kaalaman (early detection and which is now given for free by the
education) DOH,”

references: Currently, DOH has certified 85

http://ro4a.doh.gov.ph/139-doh- HIV treatment hubs apart from
programs/235-hiv-aids social hygiene clinics located in
strategic places across the country
https://www.doh.gov.ph/nationa where PLHIVs can avail of
l-hiv/sti-prevention- services such as screening and
program#:~:text=Objective%3A, basic laboratory testing, treatment
%2C%20family%2C%20and and management of HIV-related
%20community%20level. illnesses and counseling.
Promote and Advocate
Department of Health (ENGLISH)
Itaguyod at Tagataguyod ng
Kagawaran ng Kalusugan
There are 8 free screening labs
(TAGALOG)
within the DOH compound. These
stations are located in: Disease
-Mayroong libreng mga screening
Prevention and Control Bureau (2
lab sa loob ng Kagawaran ng
stations), World Health
Kalusugan. Ang mga istasyong ito
Organization (2 stations),
ay matatagpuan sa Disease
Epidemiology Bureau, Philippine
Prevention and Control Bureau,
National AIDS Council Secretariat,
World Health Organization ,
Health Promotion and
Epidemiology Bureau, Philippine https://www.doh.gov.ph/nationa
National AIDS Council Secretariat, l-hiv/sti-prevention-
Health Promotion and program#:~:text=Objective%3A,
Communication Service and %2C%20family%2C%20and
Media Relations Unit Office %20community%20level.

https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/ind
-Ang libreng screening para sa
ex.html
HIV / AIDS, ay tatagal ng halos 15
minuto bawat tao, na isasagawa https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livi
ng mga sinanay na miyembro ngwithhiv/treatment.html
mula sa samahan na nakabase sa
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
komunidad upang suriin at sheets/detail/sexually-transmitted-
masubaybayan ang mga taong infections-(stis)
reaktibo sa screening
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/hiv-aids
-Bilang mga manggagawa sa
kalusugan, dapat tayo ang
maunang magtaguyod sa
pagsusuri ng HIV upang labanan
at maiwasan ang HIV / AIDS.

-Sa kasalukuyan, pinatunayan ng

Kagawaran ng Kalusugan ang 85
hub ng paggamot sa HIV bukod sa
mga social hygiene clinic na
matatagpuan sa mga
madiskarteng lugar sa buong
bansa kung saan makakakuha sila
ng mga serbisyo tulad ng
screening at pangunahing
pagsubok sa laboratoryo,
paggamot at pamamahala ng mga
sakit na may kaugnayan sa HIV at
pagpapayo.

References:

https://www.doh.gov.ph/node/1406
2

http://ro4a.doh.gov.ph/139-doh-
programs/235-hiv-aids