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PASSIVE

Present simple passive: Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the
present simple passive.

Most common internet activities

E-mails ............................... and received by most internet users. (send)

Information about goods and services ................................. . (find)

Goods and services ...................................... in e-shops. (buy)

Online newspapers and magazines .................................... , mostly by adult users. (read)

The internet ................................. for social networking, especially by young people.

(use)

Telephone and video calls ........................................ . (make)

Videos and films ........................................ . (watch)

Listening and music streaming activities ............................................... . (carry out)

Hotel accommodation ............................................... by travellers. (search for)

Financial transactions through internet banking............................................ . (do)

Use the passive voice to rewrite these sentences.

We use this room for our guests.

This room .....................................................................................................................................

They don't feed the lions at the zoo every day.

The lions at the zoo ......................................................................................................................

You can open the bottle with this opener.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Too many emails stress people.

.......................................................................................................................................................
My parents don't give me any pocket money.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Poachers kill hundreds of tigers every year.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Most African governments protect rhinos.

.......................................................................................................................................................

He doesn't expect us to offer him the job.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Students at this course do a lot of homework.

.......................................................................................................................................................

They don't make these cars in Japan.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Present simple

Use these words to make sentences in the passive voice. Major environmental
problems produce | too much waste | in developed
countries .........................................................................................................................................
.............. cars | big cities |
block ................................................................................................................................................
....... cover | plastic bags and bottles |
beaches ...........................................................................................................................................
............ on roads | find | millions of dead animals | every
year .................................................................................................................................................
...... pollute | air | factories and vehicle
exhausts ..........................................................................................................................................
............. cut down | in South America and Asia | rain
forests .............................................................................................................................................
.......... fill | water | toxic
pollutants .......................................................................................................................................
................ see | can | on the climate | the human
influence .........................................................................................................................................
.............. overpopulate | our
planet ..............................................................................................................................................
......... do | about it | nothing
Present simple passive: Write correct forms or words next to each sentence.

Spanish teaches | is taught in most schools in Britain. ..................................

Baseball and basketball is played | are played in many places in

Cuba. ..................................

In Turkey tea isn't drunk | don't drink with milk. ..................................

Bad news are published | is published more often than good news. ..................................

The man is cut by | with a knife. ..................................

Bananas are grown | are growing in Costa Rica. ..................................

The most expensive smartphones are sold | sells by Apple. ..................................

The information is sent by | with a computer. ..................................

A lot of modern music play | is played on this radio. ..................................

Hippos are founded | are found in Africa. ..................................

Jeans are worn | wear on all continents. ..................................

I am told | tell that you have a baby. ..................................

Present simple passive: Make questions in the passive to complete the interview with
Ken Fry, the manager in KFP.

How are fried potatoes made in KFP (Kentucky Fried Potatoes)?

Interviewer: Your fried potatoes have just won the industry award for the best
producer in the United States. What's behind your success?

Ken Fry: It's simple - the best potatoes, the best recipe and hard work.

Interviewer: Where ................................................................................? (your potatoes -

grow)

Ken Fry: In our fields in Washington.

Interviewer: How ...................................................................................? (they - store)

Ken Fry: We put them in special textile bags.

Interviewer: ........................................................ into small or big pieces? (your potatoes -

cut)

Ken Fry: Machines cut them into very small pieces.

Interviewer: ........................................................ first? (the potatoes - peel)

Ken Fry: Yes, of course. Otherwise they are a bit bitter.

Interviewer: .......................................................before you fry them? (they - cook)

Ken Fry: We don't cook them, we parboil them.

Interviewer: .......................................................................... in vegetable oil? (they - fry)

Ken Fry: We always fry them in the mixture of vegetable oil and butter.

Interviewer: When ...............................................................? (flavourings and salt - add)

Ken Fry: We only add salt, no flavourings.

Interviewer: And ........................................................ before you fry them? (the salt - add)

Ken Fry: We add the salt after we fry the potatoes.

Interviewer: And my last question. How

often ............................................................................ in your family? (Kentucky Fried
Potatoes - eat)

Ken Fry: Do you really want to know? We never eat them. We prefer rice and pasta.

https://www.e-grammar.org/passive-voice/

Present continuous passive:

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the present continuous
passive. Look at that! A new supermarket ............................................. in this street.
(build)

You car will be ready soon. It ............ just ......................................... . (wash)

You can't see the horses, they ............................................... now. (feed)

What's the problem? The film .................................................... today. (not- show)

Wait a minute please. The dinner ...................................................... for you. (prepare)

Because of the fire children ..................................................... at their classrooms. (not -

teach)

I can't use my PC. A new operating system ........................................................... on it.

(install)

The pool is now full of hair because swim caps ................................................. in it. (not -
use)

Christmas is coming and much more goods .................................................. in shops.

(display)
I'm sorry, it's 10 o'clock. Customers ........................................................ anymore. (not -
serve)

Use the present continuous passive to rewrite these sentences.

I am afraid that somebody else is using my laptop.

I am afraid that my ............................................................................................

They aren't feeding the lions at the moment.

The .............................................................................................. at the moment.

Someone is speaking Spanish in this classroom.

Spanish .......................................................................................... in this classroom.

The red light is on because doctors are operating a patient.

The red light is on because a ..........................................................................

They are putting books on shelves.

Books .................................................................................................... on shelves.

Look, they are killing the ants.

Look, the ............................................................................................................

Can you see that? The policemen are chasing a robber.

Can you see that? A .........................................................................................

I don't know why they aren't cutting the trees today.

I don't know why the .............................................................................. today.

They are writing a test in this lesson.

A ................................................................................................ in this lesson.

They aren't decorating the hall because Sam is ill.

The ........................................................................................ because Sam is ill.

Write correct forms or words next to each sentence.

German doesn't teach | isn't being taught in this school this

year. ...............................................
The finals are being played | are played today. ...............................................

Be careful. This door is just painting | is just being painted. ...............................................

Sad stories are being published | is being published

nowadays. ...............................................

Your car is checked | is being checked. We are working on

it. ...............................................

Bananas aren't grown | aren't being grown on our farm this

season. ...........................................

The new iPhones are sold | are being sold today for the first
time. .............................................

The information is being sent by | with a computer. ...............................................

A lot of modern art is showing | is being shown at this

exhibition. .............................................

Look, hippos are fed | are being fed over there. ...............................................

The same colours are being worn | are wearing at this party. ..............................................

My colleague is investigated | is being investigated for fraud. ..................................

Make questions in the present continuous passive to complete the conversations. Use
the words in brackets.

A: The entrance hall at the railway station is closed.

B: Why? ...................................................................? (it - reconstruct)

A: Why .................................................................... off the ground? (the car - lift)

B: Because it must be towed away.

A: Our house has been burgled three times this month!

B: Really? ................................................................ by the police now? (it - guard)

A: All the main roads in our town are in bad condition.

B: How much .......................................................... on the roads this year? (money - spend)

A: We'll have a new theatre till the end of this year.

B: By the way, why .....................................................................? (the old theatre - pull

down)

A: Oh, no! ............................................................................. again? (this film - show)

B: Do you mean it? We watched it last week.

A: Why ...............................................................................................? (all the trees - cut
down)

B: Because they are too old.

A: Excuse me. ...........................................................................? (my parcel - deliver)

B: Yes, it is. It will arrive in the afternoon.

A: They aren't playing anymore.

B: Why? ...................................................................... off the field? (the injured player -

carry)

A: Where ...................................................................... now? (our valuables - keep)

B: In a hotel safe.

Past simple passive: exercise

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple passive.

Life in the 19th century in Britain

Lamps and candles ............................... for light, because there was no electricity. (use)

A coach instead of a car ................................. to move from place to place. (buy)

By the 1860's bicycles ................................. along with horses. (ride)

A simple small house ...................................... by a poor family. (build)

Luxurious palaces .................................... by wealthy aristocratic families. (own)

Top hats and suits with tails ................................. by men in cities. (wear)

A dress ........................................ to hide woman's legs. (design)

Girls from well-off families ........................................ at home. (educate)

Boys from rich families ........................................ to public schools. (sent)

A child from a poor family ........................................ to work. (force)

Use the passive voice to rewrite these sentences.

We used this car for our trips.

This car .........................................................................................................................................

They didn't clean the bird cages.

The bird cages ..............................................................................................................................

You could cut the branch with this knife.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Too many tourists annoyed me.

.......................................................................................................................................................

They didn't tell us what to do.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Cars killed a lot of pedestrians.

.......................................................................................................................................................

IT companies increased profits.

.......................................................................................................................................................

He didn't expect us to help him.

.......................................................................................................................................................

The police did a lot.

.......................................................................................................................................................

They didn't bring this laptop from Japan.

Write correct forms or words next to each sentence.

Spanish taught | was taught in this language school. ..........................................

Picasso's painting and drawing was sold | were sold in the

auction. ...........................................

The band's best songs were played | played at the concert. ..........................................

I was sent an email. | An email was sent to me. ..........................................

This photo was taken by | with my smartphone. ..........................................

The sculptures were stolen | were stealed yesterday. ..........................................

The dinner cooked | was cooked too late. ..........................................

The chance was given to me | I was given the chance by my
friend. ..........................................

Some information were translated | was translated into

French. ..........................................

Pyramids built | were built by Egyptian pharaohs. ..........................................

Jeans was invented | were invented in the 19th century. ...........................................

This huge machine was transported by | with plane.

Make questions in the past simple passive to complete the interview.

After the storm

A: There was a storm on the coast last night.

B: ...........................................................................................? (anything | damage)

A: Yes. Some trees fell on cars.

B: How many cars .................................................? (crush)

A: More than twenty.

B: .............................................................................................? (the cars | completely |

destroy)

A: Not all of them. But two or three cars were ruined.

B: And what about buildings? ................................................................. too? (they |

devastate)

A: Not really. Just some windows were smashed and roof tiles were torn off. But the
harbour was hit hard by the winds.

B: What happened? ....................................................................? (any boats | wreck)

A: Yes, they were. Two of them were drifted on rocks and completely destroyed.

B: What about the other boats? ..............................................................? (they | blow away)

A: Some of them were driven miles away from the shore.

B: ....................................................................... during the storm? (anybody | kill)

A: I don't think so.

B: And .................................................................................................? (many people | injure)

A: There were some injuries, but nothing serious as far as I know.

Present perfect passive: exercise

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the present perfect passive.

Our house has finally been renovated

The old roof ........................................................................ . (repair)

Some inner walls ................................................................ . (move)

All the windows ................................................................. . (replace)

All the inner doors ............................................................. . (repaint)

A new exterior door ........................................................... . (buy)

A new bathroom ................................................................ . (build)

Central heating ................................................................... . (install)

Exterior walls ..................................................................... . (insulate)

New plumbing systems ...................................................... . (use)

New floors .......................................................................... . (lay)

Use the passive voice to rewrite these sentences.

We haven't checked your car yet.

Your car ........................................................................................................................................

They have not done anything about it so far.

Nothing .........................................................................................................................................

Someone has cut this tree with this saw.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Too many people have used the same methods.

.......................................................................................................................................................

My classmates have decorated our classroom.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Children have eaten all the biscuits.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Property developers have bought this land.

.......................................................................................................................................................

They haven't asked us to give them a hand.

.......................................................................................................................................................

Charities in this country have done a lot of good work.

.......................................................................................................................................................
They haven't built the new bridge yet.

Write correct forms or words next to each sentence.

Paul has been bit | has been bitten by a dog. ..................................

Turn it off. Sue and Jill has been scared | have been scared to
death. ..................................

I'm afraid we have been stopped | have stopped by a a traffic

warden. ..................................

My sister has annoyed | has been annoyed with me since I was

born. ..................................

We have already given | have already been given it to Liz. ..................................

I'll work in Dover. I have been offered | have offered a job by

Derek. ..................................

There's nothing left. All the goods has been sold | have been sold. ..................................

Look at that. The horse has been hit by | with a stick. ..................................

The new scyscraper has grown | has been grown taller than the old
one. ..................................

Our teacher has been ordered | has ordered us to come on time. ..................................

It's OK. The dinner has been paid by | with Matt. ..................................

Oh, no! I have been woken up | have woken up by your alarm-clock.

Make questions to complete the following texts.

........................ you been ........................................ money? (promise)

Be careful, you can become a victim of fraud.

Have ..................................................................................... by us for research? (you -
contact)

Please, use the link below to answer our questions.

............................................................................... with Dell products? (anybody - ever

satisfy)

Thank you in advance for giving me a tip.

..................................................................................................? (the flight - cancel)

There is no announcement on the departure board.

........................................................................................................? (the issue - resolve)

Please, let us know.

....................................................................................... by the police? (you - ever stop)

I'm just curious to know.

................................................................................... by pop-up virus? (your computer -

block)

Contact your technical support immediately.

...................................................................................? (you - fire)

You need to prepare for job interviews as soon as you can.

.......................................................................................? (your baggage - damage)

Any damage or loss should be reported in writing.

............................................................................................ by a girl? (you - reject)

Don't panic. There are plenty more fish in the sea.

Past perfect passive: exercise

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the past perfect passive.

Before we collected our car in a car service A lot of things had

been .................................................. . (do)

Worn tyres ...................................................................... . (replace)

Filters and oil .................................................................. . (change)

The engine ...................................................................... . (clean)

The battery ...................................................................... . (charge)

Brakes ............................................................................. . (check)

All the fluids ................................................................... . (top up)

The air conditioner ......................................................... . (inspect)

New carpets .................................................................... . (lay)

The car ............................................................................ . (wash)

Use the passive voice to rewrite these sentences.

They hadn't made the meals before we arrived.

The meals ............................................................................. before we arrived.

The flowers were dead because nobody had watered them. T

The flowers were dead because they ............................................................................. .

We couldn't board the plane because we had left our passports at home.

We couldn't board the plane because our ...................................................................... at

home.

The lights went off because they hadn't paid the electricity bill.

The lights went off because ....................................................................................................... .

We were hungry. Someone had eaten all the sandwiches.

We were hungry. .......................................................................................................... .

The fire damaged the hotel which they had built a year before.

The storm damaged the hotel which .................................................... a year before.

The waitress brought a salad. But nobody had ordered it.

The waitress brought a salad. But ................................................................................ .

The cat felt sleepy after they had fed it.

The cat felt sleepy after ............................................................. .

The windows were so dirty because nobody had cleaned them.

The windows were so dirty because ........................................................................... .

I couldn’t use my phone. I hadn't charged it.

I couldn’t use my phone. .............................................................. .

Use these words to make sentences in the passive voice.

Example: Before the river flooded the town ........................................ (the new bridge |
build)

Before the river flooded the town the new bridge had been built.

Before the workers went on strike .............................................................................................

. (a lot of their workmates | fire)

The house was burgled because ................................................................. . (the door | not

shut)

It was a new song. ................................................................................... before. (it | never

sing)

The rhino was dead. ................................................................................ . (it | shoot | a

poacher)

Sarah was disappointed because .................................................................... . (her plan |

reject)

The film wasn't recorded even if ..................................................................................

correctly. (the recorder | set)

The robbers escaped from the bank,

but .................................................................................... . (they | see | a security guard)

Jack had to buy a new car after .................................................................. . (his old one |
steal)

We stopped going to the corner shop

because ........................................................................... . (the new supermarket | open)

My parents were late after ..................................................................... for a while. (they |

lose)

Before Debbie left for Ghana, ........................................................ to get vaccinated. (she |

tell)

The police announced yesterday

that ......................................................................................... . (Ronald Crump | kidnap)

Write correct forms or words next to each sentence.

Paul cried. He had been hit | had hit by his friend. ..................................
They escaped. They had been warn | had been warned by
somebody. ..................................

The monkey felt safe after it had hopped | had been hopped on the
tree. ..................................

Jill didn't see the man. He had hided | had been hidden behind the
wall. ..................................

I didn't like the hotel which I had been preferred | had preferred
before. ..................................

Sam worked in Dover. He had been offered a job | by a job. ..................................

We didn't want the car that we had been showed | had been
shown. ..................................

They asked us to pay but it had been payed | had been paid in
advance. ..................................

After the tower had grown | had been grown in the park I was
shocked. ..................................

It was all right when everything had explained | had been

explained. ..................................

Sue was happy. The quarrel had been forgoten | had been
forgotten. ..................................

We got up after we had been woken up | had been woke up by our mum.

Make questions to complete the following texts.

Why did you come to Marion's party? ................ you been ..........................................?
(invite)

The meeting was so chaotic. Had ............................................................. by anyone? (it -

plan)

How long ...................................................................................... before the scientists found

it? (the body - freeze)

.............................................................................. to the police when he turned up in the

town? (the man - know)

How many times ..................................................................................... before you

succeeded? (your application - reject)

Why did you take your

raincoat? ...............................................................................................? (rainy weather -
forecast)
.......................................... just ......................................... when I arrived? (the parcel -
deliver)

How long .................................................................... before it was allowed again? (it -

forbid)

Why did the police arrive along with the firemen? ........................................................ on
fire? (the house - set)

I didn't get the money on Friday. .......................................................... a long time before

that? (it - send)

Write the sentences in the passive voice. (mixed verb tenses)

Example:

A postman delivered this parcel.

This parcel was delivered by a postman.

The firm uses white bricks to build the hall. ............................................................................

You must not cross the road now. ............................................................................

They were cooking the dinner at 7 o'clock. ............................................................................

Mr Black will inform Derek. ............................................................................

El Greco painted this picture. ............................................................................

They are knocking down the old school. ............................................................................

Has anyone switched on the light? ............................................................................

They may leave bicycles in the schoolyard. ............................................................................

Make questions in the passive voice. Use the words in brackets.

Example:

I have seen the riot outside our school.

Yes? ................................................................ ? (anybody/injure)

Yes? Has anybody been injured?

There was a sci-fi film on at the cinema last

night. ......................................................................... ? (your children/admit to see it)

Mr and Mrs Moore will give a party on Friday.

......................................................................... ? (Susan/invite)

Last night a hurricane hit the coast of Florida.

......................................................................... ? (people/warn before)

Please, leave your coat and bags here.

......................................................................... ? (must leave/handbags)

Your desk is here now and the copying machine is in the corner.

......................................................................... ? (anything else/change)

The police caught the robbers early in the morning.

Where ............................................................. ? (the robbers/catch)

The earthquake has damaged a lot of houses.

......................................................................... ? (anybody/kill)

Passive Using "Get"

In English, the passive can always be made using the verb "to be". In
informal English, "get" is also often used to construct passive sentences. But
it's not always possible.
Examples:
That tree was/got blown over in the storm last night.
This criminal is known to police in five different countries. (gets known  isn't
possible here.)
For each sentence, use the passive with "get" whenever possible.
1. I don't know why this class is always so dirty. It __________ (clean) every
morning.
2. The murder suspect told the police a complicated alibi but it __________
(believe) by them and he was charged with the murder.
3. "Whose is that computer in the corner of the office?" "I don't know - it
__________ (never use) by anyone."
4. When foreign films are dubbed into English, usually a lot of the original
meaning __________ (lose) in the translation.
5. Humans __________ (think) to have originated in the east of Africa.
6. If my car __________ (damage) by you, you will pay for the repairs.
7. Glenn Miller __________ (kill) in an aircrash in England in the 1940s.
8. When I am older, I __________ (know) as a famous scientist.
9. The films of Charlie Chaplin __________ (love) all over the world.
10. The new factory will open next July and the company says that over 250
employees __________ (want) initially.
11. Did you hear that Jane ___________ (promote) to a management position
at work! What great news.
12. __________ (pay) for a job you enjoy doing must be the definition of a
happy life!

My Country: Passive Error Correction

Look at the short essay written by a student from South America. She has
made some mistakes using the passive and active verb forms. Find and
correct them.

The most important part of my country is the north. This is where

coal is mined and we earn a lot of money from this. There are also
some beautiful beaches in the north. Tourists are spent a lot of
money, especially in the casinos that is found there.

In the centre of the country, agriculture is considered the most

important thing. Apples are grown in the Santa Ana valley and
nearby, spring water are bottled - the famous Santa Ana Mineral
Water, which is tastes wonderful and is sold all over the world.

In the south, my family and I are lived. It is the colder part of the
country. In winter, it is possible to ski. Thousands of people are
visited every year and, if the snow is good, even people from other
countries come to ski here. There is also a lot of industry in this
region. Cars are made in big factories and our largest export, huge
tractors for working in the fields, produced.

I love my country. It is a large, busy place. Everyone is loved it!

Past Participle Spelling

Choose the correct spelling of the past participles for each question.

1. These letters must be...

a. written
b. writen
c. wroted

2. Dogs are not...

a. permitten
b. permitted
c. permiten

3. Not many criminals are....

a. cauhgt
b. catched
c. caught

4. In this magic trick, one card is...

a. chosen
b. chosed
c. chose

5. A big hole is...

a. dug
b. dig
c. digged

6. The pictures will be...

a. drew
b. drawn
c. drewn

7. No fruit was...
a. ate
b. eaten
c. eat

8. Many people are...

a. forgove
b. forgave
c. forgiven
Passive Sentences: Extra or Mis-spelt Word
Look at these sentences that all use the passive. Each sentence has ONE
word that is either EXTRA or MIS-SPELT. Find that word.

1. That house is to cleaned by two women every week.

2. Grapes are not grown in this part of the country. It's to hot.

3. This letter was writen by a child.

4. Hancock Castle is visited by a nearly 200,000 people every year.

5. The Presidential plane is only flew once or twice a year.

6. There are three official languages in this country but one of them is

only speaken by older people.

7. This is a laptop computer that is a manufactured in South Korea.

8. After it rains, water is sended from this lake down big pipes to the

city, which you can see over there.

Exercise on Passive Voice - Simple Present

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

He opens the door. - 

We set the table. - 
She pays a lot of money. - 
I draw a picture. - 
They wear blue shoes. - 
They don't help you. - 
He doesn't open the book. - 
You do not write the letter. - 
Does your mum pick you up? - 
Does the police officer catch the thief? - 

Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). Use Simple Present.

He (sell) ______________ cars.
The blue car (sell) ______________.
In summer, more ice-cream (eat) ______________ than in winter.
She (call) ______________ her grandparents every Friday.
The letters (type) ______________.
He (take) ______________ his medicine every day.
Jane (take / not) ______________ to school by her father.
We (go) ______________ to school by bus.
She (work / not) ______________ for a bank.
Milk (keep) ______________ in the refrigerator.

Exercise on Passive Voice - Simple Past

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

She sang a song. - 

Somebody hit me. - 
We stopped the bus. - 
A thief stole my car. - 
They didn't let him go. - 
She didn't win the prize. - 
They didn't make their beds. - 
I did not tell them. - 
Did you tell them? - 
Did he send the letter? - 
Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). Use Simple Past.

They (visit) _____________ their granny.

We (visit) _____________ by our teacher.
My friend Paul (bear) _____________ in Dallas.
She (go) _____________ to school in Boston.
Antony (grow up) _____________ in the country.
The new shopping centre (build) _____________ last year.
The film (produce / not) _____________ in Hollywood.
Barbara (know) _____________ James very well.
The jewels (hide / not) _____________ in the cellar.
We (spend / not) _____________ all day on the beach.

Exercise on Passive Voice - Present Perfect

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

Kerrie has paid the bill. - 

I have eaten a hamburger. - 
We have cycled five miles. - 
I have opened the present. - 
They have not read the book. - 
You have not sent the parcel. - 
We have not agreed to this issue. - 
They have not caught the thieves. - 
Has she phoned him? - 
Have they noticed us? - 

Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). Use Present Perfect Simple.

The car (steal) _______________.
I (bake) _______________ a cake.
My friends (buy) _______________ a house.
The cup (put) _______________ on the table.
Trees (plant) _______________ in the street.
The boy (fall / not) _______________ off his bike.
I (bite / not) _______________ by a snake.
He (step) _______________ on my toe.
We (walk) _______________ all the way home.
She (pick up / not) _______________ by a friend.

Exercise on Passive Voice - Future I

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

Jane will buy a new computer. - 

Her boyfriend will install it. - 
Millions of people will visit the museum. - 
Our boss will sign the contract. - 
You will not do it. - 
They will not show the new film. - 
He won't see Sue. - 
They will not ask him. - 
Will the company employ a new worker? - 
Will the plumber repair the shower? - 

Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). Use Future I mit will.

The house (build) _______________ here.

You (send) _______________ home.
I (eat) _______________ an ice-cream.
We (go) _______________ home now.
I (help) _______________ you.
The match (win / not) _______________ by our team.
The weather (improve / not) _______________ tomorrow.
The trees (cut) _______________ down.
The meeting (cancel / not) _______________.
They (do / not) _______________ that again.

Passive Voice - Exercise with Auxiliary Verbs

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

I can answer the question. - 

She would carry the box. - 
You should open the window. - 
We might play cards. - 
You ought to wash the car. - 
He must fill in the form. - 
They need not buy bread. - 
He could not read the sentence. - 
Will the teacher test our English? - 
Could Jenny lock the door? - 

The Canterville Ghost

Chapter I
When the American, Mr Otis, bought Canterville Castle, everyone told him
that this was very foolish, as the place was haunted. But Mr Otis answered, “I
come from a modern country, where we have everything that money can buy.
And if there were such a thing as a ghost in Europe, we would have it at home
in one of our museums.”

A few weeks later, on a lovely July evening, Mr Otis, his wife and their
children, Washington, Virginia and the twins, went down to their new home.
When they entered the avenue of Canterville Castle, the sky suddenly became
dark and a spooky stillness was in the air.

Mrs Umney, the housekeeper, led them into the library of the castle, where
they sat down and began to look around. Suddenly, Mrs Otis saw a red stain
on the floor just by the fireplace and said to Mrs Umney, “I am afraid
something has been spilt there.”
“Yes, madam,” said the old housekeeper in a low voice, “blood has been spilt
on that spot.”

“How terrible,” said Mrs Otis; “I don't want any blood-stains in my sitting-
room. It must be removed at once.”

The old woman smiled and answered, “It is the blood of Lady Eleanore de
Canterville, who was murdered on that spot by her husband, Sir Simon de
Canterville, in 1575. Sir Simon disappeared seven years later. His body has
never been found, but his ghost still haunts the Castle. The blood-stain is a
tourist attraction now and it cannot be removed.”

“That is all nonsense,” said Washington, the eldest son of the Otis family,
“stain remover will clean it up in no time,” and he took a bottle of stain
remover out of his pocket and cleaned the spot. But as soon as the blood-stain
had disappeared, a terrible flash of lightning lit up the room and a fearful peal
of thunder made the whole building shake.

1) highlight verbs in Passive Voice

Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice.

A ghost haunts the castle. _________________________-
Sir Simon murdered Lady Eleanore. ___________________________

Rewrite the following sentences in the active voice.

They were led into the library by Mrs Umney. ________________________
The spot was cleaned by Washington Otis. 

Passive Voice

We use the passive voice if we want to emphasise what has happened. Who/What
caused the action is not so important (or not known).

Exercise
Rewrite the active sentences in passive voice and the passive sentences in active voice.

Active: Many people visit Washington.

Passive: 

Active: 
Passive: The White House was built by James Hoban.

Active: 
Passive: The White House and the Capitol are connected by Pennsylvania Avenue.
 Active: In the Capitol, workers are building a visitors centre.
Passive: 

Active: They will probably finish it in 2006.

Passive: 

Passive with 2 Objects

Form passive sentences and use the bold

object as the subject of the passive sentence.
(Personal Passive)
1. Rachel will give you some advice.
→ 
2. I sent him a letter.
→ 
3. The police officer showed us the way.
→ 
4. Our neighbour gave me a lift.
→ 
5. We have asked him a favour.
→ 
6. She told me a lie.
→ 
7. They have written her a postcard.
→ 
8. Kerrie will make you a cup of tea.
→ 
9. The waiter has not brought us the coffee.
→ 
10. They did not offer her a seat.
→ 

Passive with 2 Objects

 Form passive sentences and use the bold
object as the subject of the passive sentence
1. Rachel will give you some advice.
→ 
2. I sent him a letter.

3. The police officer showed us the way.

4. Our neighbour gave me a lift.

5. We have asked him a favour.

6. She told me a lie.

7. They have written her a postcard.

8. Kerrie will make you a cup of tea.

9. The waiter has not brought us the coffee.

10. They did not offer her a seat.

Personal Passive
Convert the active sentences into passive
sentences. Use Personal Passive.
1. People know that she is a good swimmer.
→ 
2. They say that Francis is in hospital.
They think that the children are in bed.
People believe that the robber has worked in the bank.
People believe that nuclear power stations are dangerous.
His colleagues thought that he was on holiday.
People know that cars pollute the environment.
They suppose that the new product will come out soon.
They found that the mission was impossible.
They believe that she will win a gold medal.
→

The Statue of Liberty

Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). You must either use Simple
Present or Simple Past.

The Statue of Liberty (give) ______________ to the United States by France.

It (be) ______________ a present on the 100th anniversary of the United States.
The Statue of Liberty (design) ______________ by Frederic Auguste Bartholdi.
It (complete) ______________ in France in July 1884.
In 350 pieces, the statue then (ship) ______________ to New York, where
it (arrive) ______________ on 17 June 1885.
The pieces (put) ______________ together and the opening
ceremony (take) ______________ place on 28 October 1886.
The Statue of Liberty (be) ______________ 46 m high (93 m including the base).
The statue (represent) ______________ the goddess of liberty.
She (hold) ______________ a torch in her right hand and a tablet in her left hand.
On the tablet you (see / can) ______________ the date of the Declaration of
Independence (July 4, 1776).
Every year, the Statue of Liberty (visit) ______________ by many people from all
over the world.

Portal Dolmen
Complete the sentences (Simple Present or Simple Past).
Decide whether you need to use Active or
Passive Voice Uses.
Portal dolmens (be) ______________ ancient tombs.
They (build) ______________ about 6000 years ago.
In order to build such a tomb, ancient people (put) ______________ up big stones.
These standing stones then (form) ______________ the walls.
Another huge stone, the cap stone, (place) ______________ on top of the other
stones.
Finally, the tomb (have) ______________ the form of a little chamber.
In that chamber, the dead person (bury) ______________.
Then the entrance to the tomb (close) ______________ with another stone.
Nowadays, portal dolmens (see / can) ______________ in Ireland, Wales and
Scotland.
They (call) ______________ portal dolmens because they (look) ______________ like
a huge doorway (or portal).

Hadrian's Wall

Fill the gaps with the correct tenses (active or passive voice).

In the year 122 AD, the Roman Emperor Hadrian (visit) ______________ his

provinces in Britain.
On his visit, the Roman soldiers (tell) ______________ him that Pictish tribes from
Britain's north (attack) ______________ them.
So Hadrian (give) ______________ the order to build a protective wall across one of
the narrowest parts of the country.
After 6 years of hard work, the Wall (finish) ______________ in 128.
It (be) ______________ 117 kilometres long and about 4 metres high.
The Wall (guard) ______________ by 15,000 Roman soldiers.
Every 8 kilometres there (be) ______________ a large fort in which up to 1,000
soldiers (find) ______________ shelter.
The soldiers (watch) ______________ over the frontier to the north
and (check) ______________ the people who (want) ______________ to enter or
leave Roman Britain.
In order to pass through the Wall, people (must go) ______________ to one of the
small forts that (serve) ______________ as gateways.
Those forts (call) ______________ milecastles because the distance from one fort to
another (be) ______________ one Roman mile (about 1,500 metres).
Between the milecastles there (be) ______________ two turrets from which the
soldiers (guard) ______________ the Wall.
If the Wall (attack) ______________ by enemies, the soldiers at the
turrets (run) ______________ to the nearest milecastle for help
or (light) ______________ a fire that (can / see) ______________ by the soldiers in
the milecastle.
In 383 Hadrian's Wall (abandon) ______________.
Today Hadrian's Wall (be) ______________ the most popular tourist attraction in
northern England.
In 1987, it (become) ______________ a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Summary - The Fellowship of the Ring (J.R.R. Tolkien)

Summaries are usually written in present tense. Simple present is the most
important tense in summaries. But other tenses are important, too.

Decide whether to use simple present, simple past, present perfect, conjunctive
or passive voice. Use the long forms.

The Fellowship of the Ring (be) ______________ the first book of J.R.R. Tolkien's

The Lord of the Rings trilogy, which (set) ______________ in a fictive world,
Middle Earth. It (tell) ______________ the story of Frodo, a hobbit, and a magic
ring.

As the story (begin) ______________, Frodo (give) ______________ a magic ring.

The wizard Gandalf then (tell) ______________ him of the Rings of Power and of
Sauron, the Dark Lord, who (make) ______________ the Master Ring to rule all
other Rings. Gandalf (advise) ______________ Frodo to leave home and keep the
ring out of Sauron's hands who already (send) ______________ his Black Riders
in search for it. Frodo's ring (give) ______________ Sauron the power to enslave
Middle Earth.

Decide whether to use simple present, simple past, present perfect, conjunctive
or passive voice. Use the long forms.

Frodo (leave) ______________ the shire with three travelling companions: Sam,

Merry and Pippin. First they (know/not) ______________ that the Dark
Riders (pick up) ______________ their trail already. But soon the four
friends (find out) ______________ about that.

They (have) ______________ a few encounters with the Dark Riders which Frodo

and his friends (can) ______________ only just escape. In one attack by the Dark
Riders, however, Frodo (wound) ______________ badly. Still, his
friends (manage) ______________ to escape with him. Travelling on,
they (reach) ______________ the country of the elves. There
Frodo (heal) ______________ by Elrond, an half-elven.

Decide whether to use simple present, simple past, present perfect, conjunctive
or passive voice. Use the long forms.

A council then (decide) ______________ that the ring (must /

destroy) ______________ and (send) ______________ nine individuals, the
fellowship of the ring, to the Cracks of Doom to fulfil this task. The
group (travel) ______________ through the lands of Hollom and
finally (come) ______________ to the mines of Moria. There they (have
to) ______________ fight against orcs and a demon of flames called Balrog.
Fighting Balrog on the bridge of Khazad-Dum, Gandalf (save) ______________
his friends. Gandalf himself, however, (drag) ______________ into the depths by
the demon. The others (manage) ______________ to escape.

When Boromir, one of the fellowship, (try) ______________ to steal the ring,

Frodo (realise) ______________ that he (have to) ______________ continue on his
own. His dear friend Sam, however, (want/not) ______________ to let him go
alone. So he (accompany) ______________ him and eventually the two of
them (reach) ______________ the evil land of Mordor.

Exercise on Passive Voice - Present Progressive

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

Sheila is drinking a cup of tea. - 

My father is washing the car. - 
Farmer Joe is milking the cows. - 
She is taking a picture of him. - 
I am writing a poem. - 
We are not playing football. - 
He is not wearing a tie. - 
Is she preparing the party? - 
Are they talking about the meeting? - 
Is she watering the flowers? -

Exercise on Passive Voice - Past Progressive

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

We were talking about Francis. - 

He was playing the guitar. - 
She was watching a film. - 
I was repairing their bikes. - 
They were not eating dinner. - 
We were not painting the gate. - 
You were not driving him home. - 
He was not feeding the dogs. - 
Was she reading these lines? - 
Were they carrying bags? -

Exercise on Passive Voice - Past Perfect

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

I had worn blue shoes. - 

Joe had cleaned the tables. - 
We had lost the key. - 
They had started a fight. - 
I had been reading an article. - 
I had not closed the window. - 
They had not bought the paper. - 
She had not noticed me. - 
Had she solved the problem? - 
Had he recorded that song? -

Exercise on Passive Voice - Future II

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

Frank will have ordered the drinks. - 

You will have spent all the money. - 
I will have taken the dog for a walk. - 
She will have sold the car. - 
They will have solved the problem. - 
She will not have read the book. - 
They will not have trusted him. - 
He won't have rung Barbara. - 
Will they have paid the bill? - 
Will you have washed my socks? -

Exercise on Passive Voice - Conditional I

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

Jenny would congratulate you. - 

We would pick you up. - 
She would order a pizza. - 
He would build a new house. - 
They would take the opportunity. - 
You would not recognize Jim. - 
I would not do that kind of job. - 
Would they decorate the room? - 
Would the DJ play this song? - 
Would Simon open the window? - 

Exercise on Passive Voice - Conditional II

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

They would have told you. - 

We would have spoken English. - 
Mario would have bought a paper. - 
She would have called the police. - 
We would have painted the walls green. - 
She would not have noticed the mistake. - 
I would not have given this book away. - 
Would my mum have packed the bag? - 
Would you have accepted that offer? - 
Would they have given the right answer? -

A Look at the Intriguing History of Snowboarding

By Keith Kingston

To say who actually invented the sport of

snowboarding would be impossible because people have always loved to slide
down a snow-covered hill. Soaring through the snow on some kind of seat or
board is nothing new. The ways to enjoy the snow are numerous, and people
have devised ways to turn garbage can lids and cardboard into ‘snow
boards’ to enjoy an afternoon frolic outdoors. The various ways to glide
through snow have become more sophisticated and have evolved into using
polished boards or skis in much the same manner as a surfboarder would ride
a wave.

There have been many attempts at developing a modern snowboard. In 1965,

the ‘Snurfer’ (a word play on ‘snow’ and ‘surfer’) was developed as a child’s
toy. Two skis were bound together and a rope was placed at the front end to
afford control and stability. Over 500,000 ‘Snurfers’ were sold in 1966 but
they were never seen as more than a child's plaything even though organized
competitions began to take place. The year 1969 brought a slightly more
sophisticated snowboard based on the principles of skiing combined with
surfboard styling.

The ‘Flying Yellow Banana’ was developed in 1977. This was nothing more

than a plastic shell covered with a top surface like that of a skateboard, but at
the time it was considered a major advance in the little known sport of
snowboarding. The first national snowboard race was held in the area outside
Woodstock and was known as ‘The Suicide Six.’ The race consisted of a steep
downhill run called The Face in which the main goal was probably mere
survival.

Snowboarding continued to increase in popularity over

the next several years. In 1985 the first magazine dedicated specifically to
snowboarding hit the news-stands with huge success and furthered the
popularity of this exciting sport. Hoards of fans began to organize regional
events and pretty soon snowboarding events were held in all parts of the
world. In the year 1994 snowboarding was finally declared an Olympic event,
much to the delight of fans. The not-so-new sport of snowboarding was finally
recognized and meant a huge victory for serious snowboarders across the
globe.

A collection of snowboarding tricks and stunts was released on video in 1996.

Filmed in Alaska, the breath taking beauty and captivating snowboarding
techniques featured in the video exposed snowboarding to a new generation,
and by 1998 snowboarding constituted almost 50% of all winter activity.
Today, nearly all ski resorts accept snowboarders. There are still a few holding
on to the past but this is unlikely to continue as the number of snowboarders
continually increases.

From the first crudely built snowboards to the advanced and specialized
models available today, snowboarders have carried a ‘bad boy’ image. This
rebel reputation is still common today in spite of the fact that snowboarding
appeals to men, women, and children of all nationalities and social groups. At
most major ski resorts you can find snowboarding gear, information, and
lessons. Olympic and world wide snowboarding events are among the most
popular of winter sports and the competition to be the best is fierce.

Retailers nation-wide and around the world carry many types of snowboards,
and the choice in specially made snowboarding gear is immense.
Snowboarders have participated in the X Games and even charity events such
as Boarding for Breast Cancer. From its early meagre beginnings
snowboarding has progressed into a fully recognized sport, and large numbers
of people are turning to snowboarding for adventure, fun, and professional
recognition.

Indicate Tenses used in the Text

Simple Past (Active) - action or situation in the past (emphasises who did
something)
13

Simple Past (Passive) - action or situation in the past (emphasises what was done)
15
Present Perfect - action or situation over a period of time (from the past to the
present)
9
Simple Present - situation now
13
Present Progressive - changing situation in the present
1

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the passive voice !

The authorities decided that the meeting ______________ next Wednesday.

(HOLD)

The goods ______________ to our house in the Midlands every Friday.

(TRANSPORT)

The larger portrait ______________ by a well-known Flemish artist.(PAINT)

When I arrived I ______________ a note by one of the delegates . (HAND)

Nothing ______________ of Pauline since her car accident last spring. (SEE)

I'll have to stay at home because our new furniture ______________. (DELIVER)

For the past few days I had to work in Jack's office because
mine ______________ at the moment.(REDECORATE)
I major new oil deposit ______________ in the North Sea recently.(DISCOVER)

The space probe Explorer ______________ from Cape Canaveral last year.

(LAUNCH)

Breakfast ______________ in this hotel before 7 am. ( NOT SERVE)

Up to now no decision ______________ on the future of the company.(MAKE)

As we speak the suspect ______________ by the police.(QUESTION)

A lot of meetings ______________ but nothing has been decided yet. (HOLD)

The door ______________ for at least twenty years. (NOT OPEN)

Bicycles ______________ widely ______________ in this city instead of public

transport.(USE)

Elections ______________ in Britain every five years. (HOLD)

Your drinks ______________ to you in a minute. Please wait . (BRING)

The Olympic Games ______________ in South Korea for the first time in 2018.
(ORGANIZE)

Change the sentences to passive by filling in the missing words!

People eat 40 million hamburgers every day.

40 million hamburgers _______________________________ every day.

People speak English all over the world.

English _______________________________ all over the world.

Where did they invent gun powder?

Where _____________ gun powder ___________________________?

The police didn't find the missing girl last weekend.

The missing girl _______________________________ last weekend.
Tourists don't visit this museum very often.
This museum _______________________________ very often.

Workers are building a new fun park in town.

A new fun park _______________________________ in town.

When did they translate this book into English?

When _______________ this book _______________________________ into
English?

Women send thousands of emails to the star every month.

Thousands of emails _______________________________ to the star every
month.

Sally brought me some fresh grapes.

I _______________________________ some fresh grapes by Sally.

Some dangerous looking men were following me the whole evening.

I _______________________________ the whole evening by some dangerous
looking men.

George told me about the incident at dinner.

I _______________________________ about the incident at dinner.

They are holding the election next week.

The election _______________________________ next week.

The cleaning lady has watered the plants.

The plants _______________________________ by the cleaning lady.

You must put coins into the slot machine.

Coins _______________________________ into the slot machine.

Sharon will meet you at the airport and take you to the hotel.
You _____________ at the airport and ______________________ to the hotel
by Sharon.

Have they delivered the new music system yet?

____________ the new music system ______________________ yet ?
You can obtain further information at the desk.
Further information _______________________________ at the desk.

You should send your children to a good school.

Your children _______________________________ to a good school.

They won't take a decision until the next meeting.

A decision _______________________________ until the next meeting.

They have never opened the door before.

The door _______________________________ before.

Fill in the correct tense. Use passive or active according to the context.

When she heard that her dog ___________________ (KILL), she burst into
tears.

We hope that the missing money ___________________ (FIND) soon.

A new bridge ___________________ (BUILD) at the moment.

I didn’t go to the party because I ___________________ (INVITE)

When she discovered that Tom ___________________ (EAT) all the biscuits

she got very angry.

It’s no use trying. You ___________________ (WASTE) your time.

Shakespeare ___________________ (WRITE) many other plays apart from

Hamlet.

A million people ___________________ (VISIT) the cathedral every year.

John Higgins ___________________ (AWARD) a science prize last month.

A lot of money ___________________ (SPEND) on weapons nowadays.

Too many office buildings ___________________ (BUILD) in the city over
the last ten years.

The new desks ___________________ (ALREADY BUY) but

they ___________________ (NOT DELIVER) yet.

The President ___________________ (GIVE) a speech next Monday.

The driver ___________________ (GO) too fast when suddenly the child

appeared.

Bath ___________________ (FOUND) in the first century A.D. by the

Romans.

The old castle ___________________ (LOCATE) in the forest, not far from

the river. I'm sure you will find it

Change the following sentences to passive by filling in the correct verb

forms !

The secretary opens the mail every morning.

The mail ___________________ by the secretary every morning.

A gardener is watering the flowers.

The flowers ___________________ by a gardener.

Jimmy walks the dogs every day.

The dogs ___________________ by Jimmy every day.

Heavy rain had caused the flood.

The flood ___________________ by heavy rain.

Police officers were examining the evidence.

The evidence ___________________ by police officers.

A spokesman gave an interview to the reporters.

The reporters ___________________ an interview by a spokesperson.
A guide will take you to your seat.
You ___________________ to your seat by a guide.

We are going to announce the results on Friday.

The results ___________________ on Friday.

The new manager has made some changes.

Some changes ___________________ by the new manager.

The students are making arrangements for the party.

Arrangements ___________________ for the party.

They clean the windows every week.

The windows ___________________ every week.

They had invited him to the cinema.

He ___________________ to the cinema.

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the passive voice in
the correct tense!

The war ___________________ next week. (DECLARE).

Your homework ___________________ by tomorrow afternoon. (MUST

FINISH)

That house ___________________ since I was a child. (NOT PAINT)

Smoking ___________________ in this hotel. (NOT ALLOW)

After all the flights ___________________ the tourists checked in at the

airport hotel. (CANCEL)

The car ___________________ for over a week. (NOT WASH).

He ___________________ a new contract last year. (GIVE)

This song ___________________ by the Beatles in 1967. (WRITE)

The earth ___________________ if we try hard enough to do
something. (CAN SAVE)

The new bridge ___________________ at the moment. (BUILD)

Complete the text using the phrases from the box. The first one has been done
for you!

was obliged to is not known is thought to have been

are believed to have been are thought to be was seen
was brought is known to have experienced was
packed were made to

A plane carrying 15 members of the government to a conference in Brussels is

known to have experienced a small scale fire earlier this morning. The
plane _____________________ about 20 minutes into its journey when the fire
occurred in the luggage department. It ____________ how the plane caught
fire, but early eyewitness reports confirm that a trail of smoke ________ coming
from the undercarriage. The fire ____________ rapidly under control, but the
pilot _____________ make an emergency landing. Five
people _________________ treated for shock. The plane ________ with
businesspeople flying to Belgium.

All 209 passengers ____________ stay behind for questioning after landing at a

military airport in northern France. Police _________________ treating the
incident as suspicious.

Choose active simple past tense vs past passive voice.

Abner Doubleday and Baseball in America

Nothing seems to be more American than baseball. Its tradition is clean and
clear. People think that Abner Doubleday ______________ (invented / was
invented) baseball in 1839 at Cooperstown, New York. They are mistaken,
however, because baseball _______________ (did not invent / was not
invented) by Abner Doubleday. Moreover, there is no evidence to show that
Doubleday ever ___________ (saw / was seen) a baseball game in his life.
Unfortunately, most fans today still believe this myth of the game's origin.
Fortunately, the sport's beginnings are much more interesting and varied than
those that most people believe. In fact, of all popular American sports, only
basketball ________________ (developed / was developed) by an individual. A
man called James Naismith ________________ (assigned / was assigned) to
create a co-educational, recreational sport and so he ________________
(produced / was produced) basketball. The truth is, baseball
________________ (imported / was imported) into America from England in a
simple form. Many people ______________ (played / was played) cricket in the
19th century America and later, they picked up the game of baseball for
recreation, because it did not have many rules. Until about 1860, cricket
matches ________________ (attracted / was attracted) large crowds, but
baseball contests _______________ (watched / were watched) by only a few
spectators, mostly women and children. In time, however, the combination of
the two sports produced the beginning of baseball, as we know it today.

Use the modal verbs in the box to complete the sentences. Sometimes
there may be more than one correct answer!

MAY - MIGHT - CAN - CAN'T - SHOULD - SHOULDN'T - MUST - HAVE TO

- NEEDN'T - MUSTN'T - DON'T HAVE TO - DOESN'T HAVE TO

_________I use your pen please?

You _________write 30 sentences for homework.

You _________write 300 sentences! 30 will be enough.

John _________ speak so quickly.

She _________ play the piano well.

Please excuse me, but I _________ go now.

 It's no good. - I just _________ understand what you are talking about.

I _________ watch TV tonight. I haven't decided yet.

You really _________ see that film. It's great.

You _________ see that film. It's not so bad.

I am happy to say that I _________ work tomorrow.

He _________ work hard because he's poor.

He never does much work, but he _________.

If you have a bad cough you _________ smoke.

They _________ pass the examination if they write carefully.

You really _________ make such a noise.

I really _________ buy a new notebook. Mine is so old.

You _________ study so hard. You get good grades anyway.

She _________ write all the letters today. She can save some for
tomorrow.

I am not going out today. I _________ but I feel too tired.

You _________ buy me any presents. I know you don't have the

money.

Well, I _________ go so soon, so I'll make myself comfortable.

You _________ speak French. I speak English quite well.

You _________ answer any more questions. This is the last one.

Complete the sentences using CAN/ CAN'T / COULD/

COULDN'T / or a form of BE ABLE TO.

George has travelled a lot. He _________ speak four languages.

I haven't _________ sleep very well recently.
Sarah _________ drive but she hasn't got a car.
Sorry, I _________ see you on Friday, but we may _________ meet
sometime next week.
My grandfather was a very clever man. He _________ speak three
languages.
I can't understand Martin. I have never _________ understand him.
I used to _________ stand on my head but I _________ do that
anymore.
Ask Catherine about your problem. She might _________ help you.
She spoke in a very low tone, but I _________ understand what she
said.
Laura hurt her leg, so she _________ walk very well.
I'm afraid I _________ come to your party next weekend. I have to
help Marvin paint his room.
We tried hard but we _________ persuade him to come with us.

Complete the sentences with MUST, MUSTN'T, HAVE TO, HAS TO,
DOESN'T HAVE TO or DON'T HAVE TO

I _________ leave early tomorrow morning or else I'll miss the flight to
London.
The pupils _________ hand in their homework by Friday.
John doesn't know anything about his birthday party. You _________ tell
him anything about it.
Jack _________ get up early tomorrow. It's his day off.
If you're in New York you really _________ go and see the Guggenheim
Museum.
All visitors _________ wear an ID card, otherwise they won't be able to
enter.
We _________ be late for the meeting. The director doesn't like people
who are not on time.
The car is making a lot of noise. I _________ take it to the garage next
week.
I'm glad I _________ write my application in English. My spelling is awful.
My dad _________ be at the airport by 5. The plane leaves at 6.30.
Mike _________ come with me. I can do the job on my own.
If you really want to get a good seat, you'll _________ get their early.
Find the word that should not be in the sentence and write it in the blank!

You should have to told him that.

Would you have mind helping me with this.
We were been able to book a hotel room through the travel agency.
Can you please to pass the salt?
He might have had left his wallet at him.
You are not allowed it to enter that part of the building.
Sonia should be know about his refusal to cooperate.
They needn't to have spent so much money on redecorating the house.
He may be is waiting for the bus.
Mr Beaumont is to will arrive tomorrow at 9 o'clock.
Ellen is likely that to return sooner than expected.
How about we calling him to find out if he has been invited to?
That can't to have been Richard Gere!
You should to go now.
Might does he still be waiting for us?
She will has to make an appointment to see the doctor.
He has had got to borrow money twice already this month.
You mustn't to let anyone know about our agreement.
She may have had given you the wrong address.
Would you mind if my asking you a person question?

Choose the correct verb for each blank!

Evelyn Glennie - A World Class Musician

Evelyn Glennie is a world-famous percussionist. Because she is
80% deaf and 1) __________ hear sounds clearly, she performs
barefoot so that she 2) _______ feel the vibrations of her
instruments and the orchestra. This 3) __________ be very
difficult for her but she insists that people 4) __________ take any
notice of her disability and only judge her by how well she
performs. When Evelyn left school she 5) __________ already
play the clarinet, harmonica and snare drum but at first she 6)
__________ get a place in a music college because of her
deafness.

After her great success, she believes that everyone with her
disability 7) __________ be given the chance to pursue a musical
career if the want to. As well as being a great musician, Evelyn
8) _______ also draw and paint.

1) can’t shouldn’t mustn’t couldn’t

2) can need might must
3) must should mustn’t could
4) should shouldn’t needn’t couldn’t
5) would should might could
6) can’t needn’t mustn’t couldn’t
7) might should mustn’t may
8) can may need must

Choose the correct word or phrase to fill in the blanks.

1) __________ I have a look at those shoes in the window, please?

2) We ________________ pay for the tickets because my dad won them.
3) You really __________ make such a fuss about the old clothes you are wearing!
4) You won't _______ to connect to the Internet if you have a broadband because
your online 24/7.
5) I hope we ________ find the cinema easily.
6) We couldn't find a hotel room so we ________ sleep in the car.
7) We'd love to __________ afford a trip to South America.
8) Jim can't ________________ about the meeting. I told him this morning.
9) She could ________________ in the garage when we arrived. That might be why
she didn't hear the bell.
10) You'll __________ tell the police that your house was broken into.

1) Must Could Should Would

2) mustn’t couldn’t hadn’t to didn’t have to
3) can’t won’t shouldn’t mightn’t
4) need able must ought
5) might should can could
6) had to should must could
7) have to can be able to will have to
8) forget have been forgetting have forgotten be forgetting
9) work have worked have been working be working
10) must have to had to should

Choose the correct modal verb phrase.

not able to
The businessman from England spoke so fast that I   
understand him. (couldn’t / wasn’t / can’t / not able to)
 be able to
I would like to   ski so quickly. (being able to / could / can
/ be able to)
I'm pretty sure Dad is at home. He   working at this time in
the evening.
It   rain this afternoon. It's pretty cloudy already.
Please, have patience. I'll   help you soon.
I didn't have the key so I   get inside.
My best friend   become a great athlete, but he didn't
practice enough.
Jimmy   take the driving test last year because he was only
17.
It is a difficult question but he   answer it.
It   be him. He told me he'd gone to Australia.

Exercise on the use of 'must not'

- must not - prohibition (it is not allowed)
- need not - option (it is not necessary)

The players must not touch the ball with their hands or arms. = They are not
allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms.

Practise the use of 'must not' and 'need not' in the following exercise. Which is
correct?

The teams __________ have more than 11 players on the field during a match.
But there __________ even be 11 players playing for each team.
Players __________ wear anything which might injure another player.
Players __________ play the ball with their feet only.
Substituted players __________ return to the game.
Players __________ leave the game without the referee's permission.
Players __________ hold an opponent.
The referee __________ send a player off if he has committed foul play.
However, if a player is sent off during the game, he __________ be replaced.
A period __________ be over after exactly 45 minutes.

Exercise on Modal Verbs and their Substitutes

Choose the correct substitute for each modal verb.

We ought to win the race. → We   win the race.

I can swim. → I   swim.

You must meet my best friend. → You   meet my best friend.

He should be in bed by now. → He   be in bed by now.

I must get up early. → I   get up early.

They may stay up late. → They   stay up late.

She needs to see the doctor. → She   see the doctor.

We need not walk. → We   walk.

You must not sleep → You   sleep.

Should I go to the cinema with them? →   go to the cinema

with them?