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Lesson Plan of Video Assisted Teaching Programme Regarding Basic Life Support
Lesson Plan of Video Assisted Teaching Programme Regarding Basic Life Support
General objective: At the end of the video assisted teaching programme students will acquire adequate knowledge on basic life support.
Define BLS
List out the indications of cardio pulmonary resuscitation.
Elaborate the concepts of CPR
Explain briefly about the steps of basic life support
Describe about high quality CPR
S. SPECIFIC TIME CONTENT MATTER A.V TEACHING EVALUATION
NO OBJECTIVE AIDS LEARNING
ACTIVITY
1. Self 30 SELF INTRODUCTION
Introduction Sec I am Harpreet kaur student of Lala Lajpat Rai Institution of Nursing Education, Gulab Devi Verbally Students
Hospital, Jalandhar, Punjab. Maintains
Eye
2. Announcement 20 ANNOUCEMENT OF THE TOPIC Contact
Of the topic Sec Today we will learn about the Basic life support. With
Teacher
3. Assess the 30 PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
Previous Sec What do you know about BLS?
knowledge
CPR (Cardio pulmonary resuscitation) is the part of BLS. It is the non-invasive assessment P
and intervention used to quickly identify and treat victims of respiratory, cardiovascular
emergencies. It is a combination of rescue breathing and chest compressions.
Important
Although BLS is taught as a sequence of distinct steps to enhance skills retention and T
clarify priorities, several actions should be accomplished simultaneously (begin CPR and
activate emergency response system) when multiple rescuers are present.
All adult arrest are cardiac in origin therefore 1st step i.e. call for help is important because
if AED is not available it can come on time.
BLS consists of……….
Three main parts:
Chest compressions (C)
Airway (A)
Breathing (B)
Defibrillation (D)
CIRCULATION
After palpating pulse for atleast 10sec start with CPR if no definite pulse is T
palpable.
Mechanism: Increase of intrathoracic pressure and direct compression of the heart
Recommended compression rate: atleast 100-120/min
Depth of compression should be atleast 2-2.4 inches (5cm).
Compression : ventilation
30 : 2 when one rescuer
30 : 2 when 2 rescuers
15 : 2 when 2 rescuers (infants and children)
8. Describe high 10 High quality CPR
Quality CPR Min Start compressions within 10 seconds of recognition of cardiac arrest. What is
Push hard, push fast: Compress at a rate of atleast 100-120/min with depth of atleast High
2-2.4inches (5cm). Quality
Allow complete chest recoil after each compression. CPR?
Minimize interruptions in compression (try to limit interruptions to < 10 sec)
Process of CPR
Position yourself at the victim’s side. P
Make sure that victim lies on the firm, hard surface. Students
Put the heel of the hand on the center of the victim’s chest on the lower half of the Clear
breastbone. Doubts from t
Put the heel of your other hand on the top of first hand. Teacher
Straighten your arm with knees locked and position your shoulder directly over the
hands.
Push hard and fast
Press down atleast 2-2.4 inches (5cm) with each compression. P
Deliver compressions in a smooth fashion at a rate of atleast 100-120/min.
At the end of each compression, make sure to allow complete chest recoil
after each compression.
Adjust position that your shoulders are on top of the victim and in line with hands
Provide cycles of compressions and breathing.
30 compressions with 2 breaths is one cycle
30 : 2 in adults (with one or two rescuer)
Complete 5 cycles in 2 min and then check carotid pulse and switch roles T
If untrained bystanders witness a cardiac emergency he should call for help
and perform hands only CPR.
AIRWAY
Open the airway for breaths
2 methods are there to open the airway:
• Jaw thrust
• Head tilt- chin lift
*Jaw thrust is used with 2 rescuers as two persons are needed to provide breaths and
to open the airway when neck or spinal cord injury suspected.
*Head lilt-chin lift method is used when no injury is suspected but patient is
unresponsive.
P
Caution
Do not press into the soft tissue under the chin because this might block the airway.
Do not use thumb to lift the chin.
Do not close the victim’s mouth completely.
Management of obstructed airway: by removing the visible obstruction.
Signs of an obstructed airway are
Poor gas exchange The students
High pitched noise while inhaling Take down
Inability to speak The notes
BREATHING
Provide breaths
Mouth to mouth breaths P
Mouth to mask breaths
Bag to mask breaths
Mouth to mouth breaths
Hold the victim’s airway open with a head tilt – chin lift.
Pinch the nose closed with your thumb and index finger (using the hand on
forehead)
Take a regular (not deep) breath and seal your lips around the victim’s mouth,
creating an airtight seal.
Give 1 breath (blow for 1sec). Watch for the chest rise. T
Give a second breath.
If you are unable to ventilate the victim after 2 attempts, promptly return to chest
compressions.
Face mask
Standard precautions include using face mask or a bag mask ventilation when
giving breaths.
Mask usually have a 1-way valve that diverts exhaled air, blood or bodily fluids
away from the rescuer.
Mouth to mask breaths
Position yourself at the victim’s side.
Place the mask on the victim’s face, using the bridge of the nose as a guide
for correct position.
Seal the mask against the face:
Using the hand that is closer to the top of the victim’s head, place your P
index finger and thumb along the edge of the mask.
Place the thumb of your second hand along the bottom edge of the mask.
Place the remaining fingers of your second hand along the bony margin of
the jaw and lift the jaw
While you lift the jaw, press firmly and completely around the outside edge of the
mask to seal the mask against the face.
Deliver air over 1 second to make the victim’s chest rise.
Bag to mask breaths
Position yourself directly above the victim’s head. P
Place the mask on the victim’s face, using the bridge of the nose as a guide for
correct position.
Use the E-C clamp technique to hold the mask in place while you lift the jaw to
hold the airway open
Squeeze the bag to give breaths (1second each) while watching the chest rise.
E – C technique
The E-C clamp technique of bag – mask ventilations. Three fingers of one hand lift the jaw
(they form the “E” Shape) while the thumb and index finger hold the mask to the face
(making a “c”) Students
The rescuers will then give compressions and breaths but should switch roles after every 5 T Clear
cycles of CPR (about every 2min) Doubts from t
Rescuer 1: At victim’s side Teacher
Rescuer 2: At victim’s head
Maintain an open airway
Give breaths watching for chest rise and avoiding excessive ventilation.
Correct the rescuer 1 to perform adequate CPR
Switch duties with the second rescuer every 5 cycles or about 2 minutes, taking less
than 5 second to switch.
DEFIBRILLATION
AED (Automated External Defibrillators)
Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are computerized devices that can
identify cardiac rhythms that need a shock and these can deliver shock. P
When VT is present, the heart muscle fibres quiver and do not contract together to
pump blood.
This delivers shock to stop the quivering of the heart fibres and allows the muscle
fibres of the heart to ‘reset’ so that they can begin to contract at same time. The students
Once an organized rhythm occurs, the heart muscle may begin to contract Take down
effectively and begin to generate a pulse (called ROSC) The notes
Parts of AED
• Pads (self sticking)
• On/off switch
• Shock delivery button P
• Pad connector
• Battery
Once the AED arrives, place it at the victim’s side
If multiple rescuers are present, one rescuer should continue CPR while another
rescuer attaches AED pads.
Attempted Defibrillation
Current Recommendation
One shock
Biphasic 150-200J
Monophasic 360J T
Immediate CPR
Rhythm check only after 5 cycles (2 mins) of CPR
Using AED
Switch it on
Act according to voice prompt
Apply pads to bare chest of victim ( one to the side of the left nipple, with the top
edge of the pad a few inches below the armpit and other below right collar bone)
Connect pads to AED (some are pre connected)
Let AED Analyze heart rhythm: do not touch the victim (it will take 5 to 15 sec to
analyze)
If the AED advices a shock; be sure no one is touching the victim. P
Loudly state a “clear the victim” message, such as “Everybody clear” or simply
“clear”.
Look to be sure no one is in contact with the victim.
Press shock button
Shock delivered: immediately resume with 5 cycles CPR begin with chest
compressions
If “no shock advised”, immediately restart CPR.
AED in special situations
Age :
Victim <1yr – AED not advised P
Victim 1-8yrs – use child pads and child AED
Hairy chest:
Press pads firmly, if not remove hairs by sticking pads and removing hair along
with them. Use other set of pads now
Use razor
Wet chest:
Clean victim’s chest dry
If patient is in water, do not use AED but if patient is in snow; dry the chest first
and then AED can be used. The students
Implanted device: Do not use AED T Maintains
AED with 2 rescuer Eye contact
Check the response and check breathing With teacher
o The first rescuer stays with the victim and performs the next steps until the
next rescuer returns with AED.
o The second rescuer activates the emergency response system and gets the
AED.
Check for pulse
o The first rescuer removes or moves clothing covering the victim’s chest and
then start CPR.
Students
Clear
Doubts from t
teacher
P
T
P
The students
Take down
The notes
T
9. Summarize the 15 verbally
Topic sec SUMMARIZATION
Today we learn about the BLS:
Definition of BLS
Indications of BLS
Steps of BLS
High quality CPR
Compressions
Airway
Breathing
Defibrillation
10. Recaptulize 15 verbally
The topic sec
RECAPTULIZATION
1. What is bls?
2. What are the indications of BLS?
3. Describe the steps of BLS?
4. What is high quality CPR?