Pinamalayan Clup Vol 1 PDF
Pinamalayan Clup Vol 1 PDF
My Fellow Pinamalayeños,
It is with great pride and honor that we are presenting to you and dedicating the
Comprehensive Development Plan and Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan for year
2001 to 2010. Through the services provided by our consultant, CEST Inc., we
were able to formulate and come-up with a great document built from extensive
research, collation of data, and a series of multi-sectoral participatory strategic
planning.
As we all know, our town is admired for so many good physical and economic
characteristics. It has a well-planned urban core, strategic location, good road
network, rich agricultural production, tourism potential and other advantages. We
are quite fortunate to have all these and be the ideal point of development
opportunities in the entire province. It is high time for us to clearly state our
vision for Pinamalayan and lay-out our plans for the years to come realizing the
great future ahead of us. Our Land Use Plan will serve as our guide as we take
development undertakings for our town to become more prosperous yet orderly.
The formulation of the plan is just the beginning of the path of development. The
bigger challenge still lies ahead - the implementation of the plan. I am
encouraging every Pinamalayeño to pick a role and work out to get the plan
moving. Let us all join hands and combine our efforts to make Pinamalayan a
true model of development. Let us take part in the noble deed of implementing
the Plan.
Acknowledgement is given to the members of the Technical Working Group who tirelessly and
selflessly contributed their knowledge and efforts in order to formulate this CDP/LUP.
Local Department
National Agency
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
HISTORY xvii
1.0 INTRODUCTION
i
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
ii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
iii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Total Population and Annual Growth Rate, 1960-2000 3-1
Table 3.2 Population Growth Trends, Pinamalayan vs. Oriental Mindoro, 3-1
1960-1995
Table 3.3 Population and Gross Density Projection, 2001-2010 3-2
Table 3.4 Population Projections By Barangay, 2001-2010 3-3
Table 3.5 Number of Registered Voters and Those Who Actually Voted, 3-4
1998
Table 3.6 Percent Distribution of Population by Age Group and Sex, 1995 3-7
Table 3.7 Population Projection By Age Groups, 2001-2010 3-8
Table 3.8 Population Age Structure, 1995 3-9
Table 3.9 Population Age-Structure Projection, 2001-2010 3-9
Table 3.10 Population Projection By Sex Structure, 2001-2010 3-10
Table 3.11 Number of Households and Household Size, 1990 &1995 3-12
Table 3.12 Projected Number of Households, 2001-2010 3-12
Table 3.13 Household Population, Number of Households and Household 3-12
Size, 1995
Table 3.14 Land Area and Population Gross Density, 1990,1995, 2000 3-13
Table 3.15 Projected Densities By Barangay, 2001-2010 3-15
Table 3.16 Urban and Rural Population Growth, 1990-1995 3-16
Table 3.17 Projected Urban-Rural Population, 2001-2010 3-16
Table 3.18 General Land Use, 1983 3-17
Table 3.19 Urban Land Use, 1983 3-17
Table 3.20 Existing General Land Use, 2000 3-18
Table 3.21 Existing Land Use Per Barangay, 2000 3-19
Table 3.22 Existing Urban Land Use, 2000 3-20
iv
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 5.23 List of Private Elementary Schools with Corresponding Location 5-14
v
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
vi
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 6.16 Inventory of Electrical House Connections, June 1988 and 6-8
January 2000
Table 6.17 Status of Electrification, June 1988 and December 1999 6-8
Table 6.18 Unenergized Barangays as of December,1999 6-8
Table 6.19 Status of Sanitary Toilet Facilities, 2000 6-9
vii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
LIST OF FIGURES
Note: All maps on this report are subject to on-ground verification survey. These maps are
based from maps and drawings obtained from Pinamalayan’s local government offices
and various provincial, regional and national agencies.
viii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AA Airport Area
ACBS Agricultural Center and Breeding Station
ADB Asian Development Bank
AFMA Agriculture and Fishery Modernization Act
BBMST Basic Business Management Skills Training
BHS Barangay Health Station
BIPD Business and Investment Promotions Division
BIR Bureau of Internal Revenue
BLGF Bureau of Local Government Finance
BOT Build-Operate-Transfer
BSWM Bureau of Soils and Water Management
CA Conservation Area
CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon
CATSI Calapan Telephone System Incorporated
CBR Crude Birth Rate
CDF Congressional Development Fund
CDP Comprehensive Development Plan
CDR Crude Death Rate
CENRO Community Environment and Natural Resources Office
CEST Consultants for Engineering, Science and Technology
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan
DA Department of Agriculture
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DBP Development Bank of the Philippines
DECS Department of Education, Culture and Sports
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DILG Department of Interior and Local Government
DOA Development Opportunity Area
DOF Department of Finance
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
EMITS Eastern Mindoro Institute of Technology and Science
ES Elementary School
FA Forest Area
FARMC Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council
GAM Goals Achievement Matrix
GFI Government Financial Institutions
GIS Geographic Information System
GSIS Government Service Insurance System
IAD Integrated Area Development
IEC Information Education Campaign
IOSP Irrigation Operation Support Project
IRA Internal Revenue Allotment
JV Joint Venture
LAD Land Acquisition and Disposition
LBP Land Bank of the Philippines
LDIP Local Development Investment Plan
ix
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
x
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
xi
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Pinamalayan is one of the identified provincial growth centers and is extremely well
positioned to be such. Its highly strategic location, being at the center of the province,
augurs well for the development of facilities to service the surrounding municipalities.
Current and proposed projects, as identified by several private and government sector
plans, further strengthen the municipality’s position as a significant hub. Projects that will
accelerate development in the municipality include the establishment of a Convention
Center as stipulated in the Southern Tagalog Tourism Master Plan, improvement of the
airport in Pambisan Munti, proposed direct link to Manila via the Supercat, etc.
The vast land resources of Pinamalayan serve as its primary strength as these are highly
suitable for agricultural production. Large areas are presently devoted to the production
of major economic crops such as rice, banana, coconut, vegetables and fruit trees. The
municipality has formulated concrete agricultural programs and projects that are being
implemented by its highly competent and committed agricultural personnel. One of the
major visible impacts of these strengths was attaining the highest rice productivity among
all rice producing towns in the province. Also, it has a highly successful hog and cattle
dispersal program. Its large pasture area can, in turn, be exploited to support the
development of a commercial livestock industry not to mention the abundance of raw
materials that can be used as feed ingredients.
Other comparative advantages include a rich marine fishing ground off Tablas Strait, large
and developed brackishwater fishpond areas, abundance of milkish and prawn fry and
fingerlings in the wild, and the growing number of tilapia fishpond areas because of its
acceptability as alternative enterprise and protein source.
In terms of potential labor force, more than half (55%) of the population are in their
economically productive years, that is 15 to 64 years old, that can support any expanded,
agricultural, commercial or industrial activity.
The municipality hosts a Domestic Airport in Barangay Pambisan Munti. It has two
informal ports in Baranagays Pili and Recodo. If fully developed, these will make
Pinamalayan a major player in the movement of inter-regional goods and services.
Pinamalayan has the best planned Poblacion in Oriental Mindoro. Its grid pattern of roads
have 20 meter wide rights-of-way in major segments that can still absorb further urban
growth.
Development Vision
By 2010, Pinamalayan shall emerge as a major food basket and a progressive trading
hub of MIMAROPA and the rest of Region IV, with sustainable agriculture, diversified
trading activities, enhanced tourism, conserved and protected environment, inhabited by
God-centered, empowered and nature- and peace- loving citizenry.
Mission Statement
xii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
As Pinamalayan aims to be the food basket of MIMAROPA, the agriculture sector shall
continue to be a major contributor to its economic development. The Plan shall secure
the availability, adequacy, sustainability, accessibility and affordability of basic agricultural
products to everyone at all times and shall emphasize the maintenance of food security.
The enhanced provision and delivery of social services through comprehensive programs
on health, education, social welfare, housing and peace and order shall be attained.
Ways to properly integrate Mangyans to the mainstream of society shall also be given
attention. This will come in the form of delivering appropriate community services as well
as economic opportunities to this segment of the population.
Strong emphasis shall be put in the protection and rehabilitation of forest cover and
watersheds, mangroves and coral reefs, while promoting environment-friendly
development initiatives such as eco-tourism.
Infrastructure and utilities shall be developed to both support and catalyze the socio-
economic progress of the municipality. While infrastructure development is basically
supportive of sectoral objectives, it should be noted that it also plays an important role in
investment promotion.
Pinamalayan's approach to land use planning and management has been crafted using two
mutually reinforcing approaches, both ensuring alignment to the municipality's development
vision as well as to its economic, social, environmental and other multi-sectoral objectives.
The LUP is essentially policy-driven and management-oriented. The land use strategy
encourages the dispersal of growth across the municipality. This is done through the
development of multiple growth nodes centered on the Poblacion, Cacawan-Marfrancisco-
Sta. Rita and the Maliangcog - Pambisan Munti areas. These shall be supported by an
extensive infrastructure backbone to make growth efficient.
The major urban centers include the Poblacion and its Fringe Area (portions of Wawa,
Cacawan, Sta. Rita and Marfrancisco) and the Pambisan Munti-Maliancog area.
The Poblacion shall remain as the seat of municipal administration, as well as the locus of
trade and services. Government interventions shall focus on enhancing infrastructure and
increasing their capacities to absorb the expected intensification of urban growth. This
would come in the form of improving utilities (water, power and drainage) as well as the
xiii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The Pambisan Munti-Maliancog Area shall be a long-term major urban center due to its
enhanced accessibility and proximity to the airport. A detailed Master Plan shall be
prepared in order to provide for an efficient growth framework. Blocks, streets, urban open
spaces and utility systems shall be laid out along with a more detailed set of land use
controls. Attention will be paid to mitigate the potential nuisances that may be generated
by airport operations.
This long-term scenario shall be laid-out at the medium-term where the connection
between the Poblacion and the Pambisan Munti-Maliancog areas shall be strengthened.
Urban Corridor
A controlled Urban Corridor shall be allowed to develop along the National Highway and
Provincial Road traversing the airport. Allowance for growth shall be limited to a 250 -
meter strip of land on both sides of the ROWs of the said roads in accordance with the
municipal delineation of the SAFDZ areas.
Barangay Pili shall be the Secondary Urban Center. Urban development shall be closely
harmonized with the presence of the Pili Port. Agri-processing, cold storage and other port-
dependent facilities shall be encouraged in the area. Facilities, should, however, be
developed with particular attention to high quality designs, proper landscaping, adequate
parking, etc. in order to prevent the ill-effects of uncontrolled port-related growth.
The rural growth centers are identified as Sabang, Banilad and Ranzo. These shall be the
venues of shared community facilities and services as well as the centers of rural trading in
relation to their influence area.
Transport Framework
xiv
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
A complete list of the priority programs and projects of the municipality are enumerated
below:
Economic Development
AG-1 Productivity Improvement in Irrigated Lowland Rice
AG-2 Rainfed Rice Farming Systems Improvement
AG-3 Coconut Intensification Projects
AG-4 Banana Productivity Improvement
AG-5 Development of the Local Organic Banana Industry
AG-6 Community-Based Carabao Breeding
AG-7 Integrated Cattle Production Under Coconut Areas/Rice Areas
AG-8 Cattle Production in the Uplands
AG-9 Community Based Swine Dispersal
AG-10 Improved Native Chicken Production
AG-11 Integrated Rice-Duck Production
AG-12 Commercial Fishing Fleet
AG-13 Mariculture Development
AG-14 Community-Based Tilapia Hatchery/Nursery
AG-15 Inland Fishery Development
AG-16 Feed Grains Production
AG-17 Production of other Indigenous Feedstuffs
AG-18 Semi-Commercial Vegetable Production
AG-19 Integrated Rice Milling
AG-20 Improved Coconut Drying
AG-21 Coco Coir/Peat Production
AG-22 Nata de coco Production
Economic Development
AG-23 Village Level Coconut Oil Milling
AG-24 Village Level Coconut Vinegar Making
AG-25 Community - Based Feed Milling Project
AG-26 Cottage Level Meat Industry
AG-27 Salted Duck Egg Production
AG-28 Carabao and Cow Milk Processing Project
AG-29 Village Fish Dying
AG-30 Organic Banana Chips Processing
xv
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Social Development
SOC-1 Community Health, Manpower Improvement and Facilities Upgrading Program
SOC-2 Establishment of “Botica Binhi”
SOC-3 Education Manpower Resource Development Program
SOC-4 Municipal Sports Development Program
SOC-5 Comprehensive Social Welfare Development Program
SOC-6 Livelihood Assistance Program for Indigenous People
SOC-7 Pinamalayan Comprehensive Shelter Program
SOC-8 Acquisition and Development of Property for Public Cemetery
SOC-9 Drug Watch Program
SOC-10 Police and Fire Protection, Manpower and Facilities, Logistics and Equipment
Development Program
Land Use
LU-1 Cadastral Survey Records Rejuvenation
LU-2 Southern Growth Area Master Plan
LU-3 Urban Core Renewal Program
LU-4 Coastal Greenway Development Program
LU-5 Municipal Land Banking Program
Transport
TR-1 Construction and Upgrading of Various Roads and Bridges
TR-2 Construction of Public Transport Terminal
TR-3 Recodo Port Improvement
Environment Management
EV-1 Creation of MENRO
EV-2 Forest Management/Reforestation Program
EV-3 Coastal Resource Management Program
EV-4 River Management / Protection Program
EV-5 Integrated Solid Waste Management Program
xvi
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
xvii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
HISTORY OF PINAMALAYAN
The town of Pinamalayan is close to the shore at the mouth of the river of the same name. The
town’s name was said to be taken from the word “ipinamalay” which means to make aware or to
show the way. According to an old story, the early settlers of this town came from Marinduque.
While they were on their way to Mindoro in their big bancas, they encountered turbulent weather
and lost their way. They prayed to God Almighty for deliverance and guidance, whereupon, the
weather cleared and a rainbow appeared on the horizon. The crew shouted “ipinamalay” (it was
made known). They followed the direction of the rainbow believing that at its end lies a pot of gold
and good fortune. They finally landed at what is now Barangay Lumangbayan and established the
first settlement which they named Pinamalayan. They found good fortune in the new land which
brought them prosperity because of the good soil and abundant resources.
Some other sources attribute the name Pinamalayan simply to the fact that the area was once a
vast area planted to rice, hence the name “pinagpalayan” or “Pinamalayan”. Since then the place
th
grew and became a town. However during the entire 18 century, Pinamalayan was one of the
coastal areas frequently attacked by Moro pirates. People were decimated and many fled to the
interior for safety. In spite of all these, the town site remained in that place until 1916 when it was
transferred by the Americans to its present site.
In the year 1888 the territory of Pinamalayan included the settlements of Pola, Sumagui, and
Anilao. At that time, the gobernadorcillo was Juan Morente, Jr., who assumed position until 1898
when the uprising against the Spanish government broke out. Morente Jr. joined the revolutionary
forces as a captain. Juan Medina replaced him as the town head. When the Spaniards
surrendered, Morente Jr. became governor of the province of Mindoro while Cornelio Nable was
appointed as the municipal president.
On April 28, 1904 under the American government, the towns of Pola and Bongabong were
consolidated with Pinamalayan by virtue of Act 1155. It was only on January 12,1912 that Pola
regained its status as a regular town. Bongabong likewise regained its township status on March
1919 under Act 2824.
During the American period, the town was transferred to its present site. The American planners
made sure that this new town will be laid out properly according to a planning system of wide
symmetrical vertical and horizontal roads with proper drainage facilities. A big plaza was further
constructed in front of the municipal building. Pinamalayan still stands today as a model in town
planning to all the municipalities in Oriental Mindoro.
When the Japanese occupied Mindoro in 1942, Dr. Abelardo Bunag, the mayor, joined the
underground movement. The Japanese appointed Carlos Aguilucho followed by Manuel Medina
until the Americans returned on January 15, 1945.
The town steadily grew from 1947 to 1990 under various administrations. There are now two
private colleges and three secondary schools and several barangay high schools. A private
sports complex may be found in Zone I. Interesting tourist destinations include the beaches of Pili,
Banilad and Ranzo. At the peak of Mount Longos, one can see the panoramic vista of the stretch
of sea that separates eastern Mindoro from Marinduque and the Tres Reyes islands. Other areas
that would interest mountaineers are the towering ranges of Mt. Dumali, Mt. Beyer, Mt. Worcester,
Agus Hill and Bongol Point.
Oriental Mindoro: From the Dawn of Civilization to the Year 2000 A.D.
By: Florante D. Villarica
xviii
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
ROLL OF HONOR
The list of leaders that governed Pinamalayan is provided in the Roll of Honor below:
xix
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Volume I consists of the Situation Analysis. It documents the current state and
pattern of development taking into consideration several significant contributory
factors such as the natural environment, population growth and distribution,
economic activities, transport and infrastructure as well as public administration.
This comprehensive inter-sectoral diagnosis served as critical inputs in the
formulation of the Development Framework.
1-1
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
1-2
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Forest Denudation
During the survey along the coastline of Pinamalayan, poor marine water quality
and coraline cover were observed in some areas, particularly in Barangays
Wawa and Zone 1. These may be attributed to illegal fishing activities,
indiscriminate dumping of domestic wastes, coastal erosion and siltation.
Flooding
Forest degradation, solid waste dumped along waterways and the absence of
adequate drainage facilities are but some of the causes of flooding in the
municipality. Flooding primarily occurs along the flood plain areas of the
municipality that includes Barangays Cacawan, Lumang Bayan and Poblacion.
The Municipality of Pinamalayan, which has a total land area of 27,800 has., lies
almost at the center of the Province of Oriental Mindoro. It is about 118
kilometers from the Municipality of Puerto Galera and 120 kilometers from the
town of Bulalacao, the last town of the province going to the south. Situated
along the coastline tip, it resembles a hand pointing towards the island of
Marinduque (refer to Figure 2.1).
2-1
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
It is bounded in the north by the Municipalities of Socorro and Pola; in the west
by the Province of Occidental Mindoro; in the east by Tablas Strait and in the
south by Quinabigan River and the Municipality of Gloria (refer to Figure 2.2).
2.2.2 Topography
2.2.3 Slope
Barangays located in the central part of Pinamalayan have slopes ranging from 0
to 3 percent while the steeper slopes can be found in the southwestern and
northeastern portions of the municipality. Table 2.1 summarizes the slope
characteristics of Pinamalayan.
2.2.4 Soils
Soil types of Pinamalayan are suitable to a wide variety of crops. Four soil
series comprise the municipality which include, San Manuel, Quingua, Luisiana
and Maranlig soil series, each of which is briefly discussed in Table 2.2 and
presented in Figure 2.4.
Table 2.2 Soil Characteristics, 2000
Soil Type Area (Ha. ) Location Crop Suitability
San Manuel Sandy 99.93 Portions of Marfrancisco, Sto. Niño Rice, Coconut, Banana,
Loam Sweet Potato, Peanut
San Manuel Clay 2,318.33 Portions of Bacungan, Sta. Maria, Lowland Rice
Loam Inclanay and Nabuslot
Quingua Clay Loam 8,294.04 Malaya, Rosario, portion of Lowland and Upland Rice
Sta. Rita, Marfrancisco, Bacungan
Del Razon, Poblacion, Wawa,
Cacawan, Inclanay, Pambisan Munti,
Lumangbayan
Luisiana Clay Loam 149.89 Portion of Sabang Forest and pasture
Maranlig Clay 899.35 Maningcol, Calingag, Nabuslot Forest and pasture
Pambisan Munti, portions of Rosario,
Palayan
Rough Mt. Soil 8,094.18 Sabang Primary and Secondary
Forest, Rattan, Shrubs
2-2
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
2.2.5 Meteorology
Climate
Pinamalayan falls under Climatic Type III which is described as having no very
pronounced maximum rain period with a short dry season lasting from one to
three months. Areas of this type are partly shielded from the northeast monsoon
and are also benefited by rainfall caused by tropical cyclones.
Rainfall
The rainfall pattern indicates that heavy downpours of rain occur in June, July,
September, October and November while minimal rainfall occurs in May,
December, February, March and April. June and July, however are the wettest
months while March to April are the driest. The average rainfall is 175.2 mm.
In agricultural production, rainfall is often the limiting factor affecting plant growth.
Problems on irrigation, excessive movement of soils and retention of the needed
moisture of soil are affected by rainfall.
Temperature
o
Temperature ranges from 30.8 degrees centigrade ( C) average maximum to
24.8oC average minimum. The coldest months are December and February with
temperature going as low as 23 and 23.3oC, respectively. The month of May has
o
the highest temperature of 33.5 C.
Relative Humidity
Average relative humidity refers to the measure of the moisture content of the
atmosphere. The month of October has the highest relative humidity of 89
percent while the months of March and April are the lowest with 78 percent of
relative humidity.
Wind Direction
Wind direction shifts about four times a year. The northeast monsoon prevails
from August to December of the year and continues from January to March of
the following year. In April, wind direction is east to northeast. In May and June
it blows from the southeast. Finally, it becomes easterly in October.
2-3
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Flood Hazard
Floods usually occur due to the following reasons: run-off accumulation coming
from surrounding elevated areas; their low physiographic positions; poor
infiltration; permeability characteristics; and drainability of outlets. Flood-prone
areas are perceived as poor for urban uses. Flood limitation could be minimized
by proper and adequate planning for draining unnecessary water.
Minimal air pollution due to dust generation is generated by the limited types of
industrial activities in the municipality. These include gravel and sand quarrying,
hollow block making and ricemills, among others.
Several rivers and streams cut across the broad plain of Pinamalayan. The
major river that traverses the municipality is the Pula River. The Pula River is
categorized as Class C by the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR). The beneficial use of Class C is for recreational, and
industrial uses as well as for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic
resources.
Groundwater
The types of rocks lain beneath the municipality is alluvium, known for good
water bearing abilities. As such, the municipality possesses fair to good
groundwater resources.
Potential areas of high yielding wells can be found in Barangays Zone I to IV,
Cacawan, Sta. Rita, etc.
2-4
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Under the municipality’s Agriculture Program and consistent with the Clean and
Green efforts, the Agriculture Office maintains two Agricultural Center and
Breeding Stations (ACBS) in Barangays Sto. Niño and Malaya. In Barangay
Malaya, a hectare of land has been planted with Mahogany and Gimelina while
another hectare was devoted to the intercropping of mango and banana. Sto.
Niño ACBS, on the other hand, contributed to the scattered tree-planting
programs of different schools and barangays on selected sites.
Pinamalayan has one dump truck and one stake truck for garbage collection.
Garbage collection is done on a daily basis even on Sundays and holidays. Each
truck is manned by a team consisting of one driver and three garbage
collectors. The dump truck, on each trip, usually hauls about eight cu.m. of
garbage. On an ordinary day, it would complete three trips thereby collecting
some 24 cu.m. of garbage everyday. The stake truck, on the other hand, hauls
about six cu.m. of garbage in a trip and usually takes four trips a day including
nightshift. Hence it collects another 24 cu.m. a day. All in all, the total garbage
collected and disposed daily by both trucks is approximately 48 cubic meters.
2-5
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The drainage system refers to the network of passageways (both natural and
man-made) intended for the collection, transmission and disposal of the surface
run-off or rainwater. On the other hand, the sewerage system refers to those
intended for the collection, transmission, treatment and disposal of domestic
wastewater.
A joint project with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) is the
installation of a Biogas Reactor in the slaughterhouse for the treatment of wastes
due to slaughtering activities. The gas produced from biogas digesters will be
used to fuel the furnace. This project will eliminate the discharge of untreated
wastes to the nearby waterbodies.
Several maps are generated to identify and/or determine the Protection Areas in
the municipality of Pinamalayan. These maps provide the physical and
environmental features of the municipality, which are then translated into the
degree of constraints. Several references were used that include, among others,
the Soil/Land Resources Map, Slope/Erosion and Soil Maps of the Province of
Oriental Mindoro from the Bureau of Soils and Water Management, to accurately
delineate sensitive areas. Each map is briefly described as follows:
2-6
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The map shows the location of fishponds, beach ridges and swales, alluvial
plains and valley. These are considered part of the Protection Areas, as these
are either environmentally constrained or critical.
This category evaluates the area in terms of its potential for agricultural
development. The types of soil in the municipality of Pinamalayan include the
San Manuel, Quingua, Luisiana and Maranlig Series and Rough Mountain Soils.
The soil types generally range from good to fair agricultural potential. San
Manuel and Quingua are considered as the two most suitable soils for lowland
and upland rice production.
This physical feature defines the critical areas in terms of slope and the risk of
erosion. The map shows the slope categories suitable for urban and non-urban
development. These categories are discussed as follows:
Level to Nearly Level- areas with 0 to 3 percent slope. These areas comprise the
Poblacion, portions of Barangays Wawa, Lumangbayan and Papandayan,
Considering slope alone, these areas are normally part of the prime agricultural
lands aside from being highly suitable for urban development.
Gently Sloping to Undulating– areas with 3 to 8 percent slope. The Rosario area
resembles this type of terrain. According to slope characterization, these areas
are still suitable for urban development and general agricultural production.
Sloping to Undulating lands – areas with 8 to 18 percent slope. These areas are
quite susceptible to erosion. They are fairly suitable for intense urban
development. Agricultural production, on the other hand, should be practiced
with appropriate soil conservation techniques.
The undulating to rolling (18 to 30 percent), rolling to hilly (30 to 50 percent
slope) to very steep (greater than 50 percent) areas are highly susceptible to
erosion. Intense urban developments are not encouraged due to the instability of
slopes. Agricultural activities should also observe soil conservation measures.
Flood Prone Areas – This covers floodplain areas subjected to flooding and
cover Barangays Cacawan, Lumangbayan and Poblacion.
Dry Land - This category basically covers the areas located in the hilly and
mountainous areas of the municipality.
2-7
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
This addresses the accessibility to water and the potential for groundwater.
Three categories were identified which include the shallow and deep well areas,
the potential areas for high-yielding wells and difficult areas.
Difficult Areas – This category refers to areas where it is difficult to exploit
groundwater; mostly located on the northern portion of the Municipality.
Shallow and Deep Well Areas - This category has very minimal constraints to
development because recharge areas are localized due to low aquifer
permeability.
Potential Areas of High-Yielding Wells - the barangays of Cacawan, Poblacion,
and Sta. Rita comprise this category.
2.4.6 River/Coastal Zone Preservation (Figure 2.8)
Features attributed to this map refer to the fishing grounds and coastal zone
protection and preservation. The river system in the municipality of Pinamalayan
flows to the Pula River and drains to Tablas Strait. The categories are described
as follows:
Fishing Grounds – this category refers to the coastal area along Tablas Strait.
Rivers and streams - easement of about 3, 20, and 40 meters from both sides
throughout the entire length of any river is considered to be part of the Non-
NIPAS areas. Areas within this range are subject to easement for public use in
the interest of recreation, fishing, floatage, etc.
The breakdown of SAFDZ areas is presented in Table 2.3 (refer also to figure
2.9)
2-8
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The Land Classification Map shows the Forestlands and the Alienable and
Disposable (A and D) areas of Pinamalayan as delineated by DENR. The
municipality has three Timberland areas. The two largest are found at its western
periphery and a portion of Barangay Sabang is located within them. The other
Timberland area, which the municipality shares with Pola, is located at its
northeastern boundary. This is located within Barangays Guinhawa and Banilad.
The rest of the municipality is alienable and disposable.
Protection and Conservation Areas cover about 19,488.81 has. (89.68%) while
Development Opportunity Areas extend to about 2,243.21 has. (10.32%).
Forest Management
For the past years, it was observed that forest areas in the municipality of
Pinamalayan are threatened by denudation mainly due to kaingin practices and
illegal logging. Logging, unless properly controlled can cause serious damage to
forest and soils. The practice of shifting cultivation or “kaingin”, on the other
hand, though individual clearings are small, creates significant impacts on the
forest of Pinamalayan because of their numbers. The indiscriminate cutting,
burning and clearing of forest areas and cultivation of marginal upland areas
2-9
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Like any other coastal bound municipality in the province of Oriental Mindoro,
Pinamalayan’s coastal areas are also being threatened by degradation
specifically due to population pressure, siltation and destructive fishing
techniques.
Illegal fishing, e. g., dynamite fishing, trawl, foreign fishing boats encroachment,
etc., does not only alter the marine water resources of the municipality but also
affect the livelihood of the people of Pinamalayan. This illegal activity should be
prevented since majority of the population relies on fishing as a way of living.
Siltation is still singled out as the most important factor seriously affecting the
coral reefs. Logging activities in the upland areas and other activities producing
high sediment loads, such as mine tailings, should be prevented and controlled.
Flood Control
2-10
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Forest denudation is one of the major causes of flooding in the low-lying areas of
the municipality. The absence of an adequate drainage system contributes to
the fast increasing level and very slow subsidence of floods in the area,
especially during strong typhoons.
Flooding often results to more serious problems. During periods of flood, solid
waste that has been open dumped whether on land or in waterways, finds its way
to the nearby water bodies. Not only does this further detriment the water
quality, it poses significant health and sanitation problems.
In the next ten years, solid waste generation is estimated to reach 265,157 cu. m.
This will require a landfill area of about 4.42 hectares for waste disposal.
Compared to the existing dumpsite area of the municipality located in Barangay
Maningcol, having an area of 3.77 hectares, there is a need to undertake waste
minimization, recycling and reusing.
The existing site, which is located in a hilly area, may pose significant impacts on
downstream barangays and could impair river water quality. The site should
therefore be evaluated based on the criteria set by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), whether this can be converted into
a sanitary landfill or not.
2-11
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
At present, the municipal government should focus its attention on solid waste
collection. There is a need to efficiently and effectively collect garbage especially
from the remote barangays.
2-12
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
One fourth (23.8%) of the female population were in their reproductive ages
(15-49 years old) which might indicate a moderately increasing birth rate in
the succeeding years.
Generally, Pinamalayan has a lower growth rate than Oriental Mindoro, except
during the period of 1970 to 1975 and 1990 to 1995. From 1990 to 1995, it
posted a growth rate of 2.26 as compared to the 2.04 percent of the province.
Although the over-all provincial growth rate established a decreasing trend,
Pinamalayan, on the other hand, increased growth rates from 1970 to 1975 and
1990 to 1995 (refer to Table 3.2).
Table 3.2 Population Growth Trends, Pinamalayan vs. Oriental Mindoro, 1960 – 1995
Average Annual Growth Rate (%) 1
Censal Year
Oriental Mindoro Pinamalayan
1960 (15 Feb) 5.21 2.49
1970 (6 May) 3.67 1.50
1975 (1 May) 3.43 4.70
1980 (1 May) 2.83 2.55
1990 (1 May) 2.10 1.95
1995 (1 Sept) 2.04 2.32
Source: 1995 Census of Population
1
Consultant’s Calculations
3-1
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Based on the 1995 and 2000 population count, the annual growth rate was
estimated to be 2.26 percent. Assuming that a constant rate will persist in the
next 10 years, Pinamalayan’s population is expected to reach 92,208 by 2010.
The gross density of the municipality may be computed in two ways. First is by
dividing the projected population by the total land area of the municipality. Using
this method, gross density by 2010 will average at 3.32 persons per hectare. The
second way is by excluding the Forest Zone, which forms part of about 41
percent (11,493 Ha.) of Pinamalayan. The gross density by 2010, using this
method, is estimated at 5.65 persons per hectare. This may give a more realistic
picture of the gross municipal density.
The projected population and gross density is presented in Table 3.3 and the
average growth rates and projected population by barangay is presented in Table
3.4.
Table 3.3 Population and Gross Density Projection, 2001-2010
Gross Density (Persons/Hectare)
Total
Year Over Total Excluding
Population
Municipal Area Forest Zone
2000 73,710 2.65 4.52
2001 75,379 2.71 4.62
2002 77,086 2.77 4.73
2003 78,831 2.84 4.83
2004 80,616 2.90 4.94
2005 82,442 2.97 5.06
2006 84,309 3.03 5.17
2007 86,218 3.10 5.29
2008 88,170 3.17 5.41
2009 90,166 3.24 5.53
2010 92,208 3.32 5.65
Source: Consultant’s Calculations
3-2
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-3
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
During the 1998 election, there were a total of 188 established voting precincts.
The voting percentage was estimated at 87.73 percent. Out of the 25,876
registered voters, about 22,700 actually voted during the election. Refer to Table
3.5.
Table 3.5 Number of Registered Voters and Those Who Actually Voted, 1998
Total Number of Voters Who Actually
Total Number of Registered Voters
Barangay Number Voted
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Zone I 1A 100 100 200 83 96 179
1A1 24 28 52 23 28 51
2A 102 98 200 95 92 187
2A1 56 55 111 56 53 109
3A 90 110 200 88 102 190
3A1 6 3 9 6 5 11
4A 80 70 150 72 64 136
5A 74 94 168 70 84 154
6A 57 58 115 60 47 107
Zone II 7A 49 54 103 44 50 94
8A 65 42 107 56 35 91
9A 46 54 100 40 44 84
10A 88 98 186 80 79 159
11A 45 58 103 43 56 99
12A 85 86 171 73 81 154
13A 100 97 197 90 92 182
Zone III 14A 68 70 138 71 41 112
15A 58 71 129 49 65 114
16A 77 80 157 67 68 135
17A 95 103 198 82 90 172
18A 76 99 175 66 85 151
19A 81 89 170 69 76 145
Zone IV 20A 72 72 144 63 67 130
21A 85 89 174 68 70 138
22A 79 84 163 71 71 142
Anoling 23A 91 97 188 78 70 148
24A 97 103 200 94 86 180
24A1 2 2 4 2 2 4
25A 92 108 200 80 94 174
25A1 12 11 23 8 10 18
26A 80 84 164 71 79 150
Bacungan 27A 100 100 200 89 99 188
27A1 18 20 38 18 17 35
28A 82 98 180 70 97 167
Bangbang 29A 106 88 194 103 81 184
30A 88 86 174 79 75 154
Banilad 31A 72 64 136 66 55 121
32A 82 80 162 71 68 139
33A 82 86 168 78 86 164
34A 77 81 158 70 75 145
Buli 35A 94 95 189 80 78 158
36A 89 111 200 71 95 166
36A1 1 0 1 1 2 3
Cacawan 37A 100 100 200 86 84 170
37A1 11 12 23 10 11 21
38A 112 88 200 97 83 180
38A1 59 50 109 51 47 98
39A 78 84 162 64 78 142
40A 77 95 172 50 98 148
Calingag 41A 78 92 170 78 65 143
42A 63 76 139 46 71 117
43A 90 88 178 76 78 154
44A 105 95 200 90 90 180
44A1 12 3 15 6 5 11
Del Razon 45A 89 111 200 75 94 169
45A1 9 10 19 7 10 17
46A 99 101 200 90 89 179
46A1 20 26 46 14 22 36
Inclanay 47A 98 102 200 95 91 186
47A1 5 5 10 5 5 10
48A 99 101 200 82 91 173
48A1 20 27 47 21 26 47
3-4
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 3.5 Number of Registered Voters and Those Who Actually Voted, 1998 (cont.)
Total Number of Voters Who Actually
Total Number of Registered Voters
Barangay Number Voted
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Guinhawa 49A 89 111 200 79 99 178
49A1 20 20 40 18 18 36
50A 93 107 200 80 95 175
50A1 5 10 15 6 10 16
Lumangbayan 51A 91 109 200 75 90 165
51A1 11 12 23 10 9 19
52A 95 93 188 89 78 167
53A 88 89 177 80 77 157
54A 85 103 188 71 90 161
Malaya 55A 98 102 200 82 92 174
55A1 21 15 36 14 14 28
Maliancog 56A 92 108 200 77 91 168
56A1 9 9 18 8 9 17
57A 105 95 200 88 88 176
57A1 2 0 2 2 0 2
Maningcol 58A 110 90 200 98 80 178
58A1 43 37 80 35 31 66
59A 93 107 200 84 92 176
59A1 53 46 99 42 40 82
Marayos 60A 93 98 191 83 89 172
61A 79 92 171 73 75 148
62A 74 82 156 66 78 144
Marfrancisco 63A 89 111 200 72 92 164
63A1 17 11 28 15 9 24
64A 86 114 200 65 103 168
64A1 13 13 26 13 12 25
65A 99 101 200 84 79 163
65A1 13 12 25 9 13 22
66A 79 75 154 68 67 135
67A 77 71 148 56 68 124
68A 91 101 192 77 88 165
68A1 22 23 45 17 19 36
69A 95 105 200 82 95 177
69A1 65 71 136 56 59 115
Nabuslot 70A 61 73 134 53 55 108
71A 89 71 160 77 58 135
72A 84 84 168 75 68 143
73A 111 89 200 46 56 102
73A1 50 52 102 46 44 90
Pagalagala 74A 39 54 93 37 47 84
75A 82 81 163 72 73 145
76A 90 98 188 74 89 163
Palayan 77A 83 93 176 77 80 157
78A 93 107 200 78 91 169
78A1 14 14 28 10 10 20
79A 66 77 143 60 68 128
80A 72 79 151 64 72 136
Pambisan 81A 84 87 171 67 77 144
Malaki 82A 72 90 162 62 80 142
83A 87 84 171 77 78 155
84A 84 75 159 71 65 136
Pambisan 85A 102 98 200 89 81 170
Munti 85A1 2 3 5 2 3 5
86A 76 71 147 70 65 135
Panggulayan 87A 91 74 165 81 65 146
88A 100 100 200 91 93 184
88A1 21 15 36 20 13 33
89A 87 113 200 68 96 164
89A1 5 5 10 7 6 13
90A 95 80 175 80 70 150
Papandayan 91A 108 92 200 90 81 171
91A1 15 17 32 13 12 25
92A 103 97 200 86 91 177
92A1 11 14 25 11 9 20
93A 72 91 163 65 78 143
94A 94 106 200 96 86 182
94A1 4 3 7 4 6 10
95A 90 74 164 82 69 151
96A 86 111 197 82 99 181
97A 73 83 156 68 77 145
98A 104 96 200 101 86 187
98A1 8 9 17 5 11 16
3-5
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 3.5 Number of Registered Voters and Those Who Actually Voted, 1998 (cont.)
Total Number of Voters Who Actually
Total Number of Registered Voters
Barangay Number Voted
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Pili 99A 95 105 200 79 92 171
99A1 10 9 19 9 10 19
100A 101 99 200 93 89 182
100A1 4 3 7 0 0 0
101A 76 105 181 64 91 155
102A 87 95 182 69 86 155
Quinabigan 103A 96 104 200 84 95 179
103A1 19 20 39 17 18 35
104A 93 103 196 76 84 160
105A 105 95 200 90 93 183
105A1 77 84 161 69 81 150
Ranzo 106A 79 94 173 71 86 157
107A 71 78 149 70 70 140
Rosario 108A 91 109 200 79 97 176
108A1 26 24 50 19 25 44
109A 100 100 200 76 74 150
109A1 30 39 69 34 43 77
Sabang 110A 97 103 200 87 88 175
110A1 15 14 29 13 14 27
11A 98 103 201 82 87 169
11A1 25 30 55 21 27 48
112A 85 85 170 78 79 157
113A 97 84 181 90 82 172
114A 76 77 153 72 70 142
Sta. Isabel 115A 94 106 200 89 82 171
115A1 2 0 2 1 1 2
116A 89 88 177 81 78 159
117A 91 103 194 74 89 163
118A 88 100 188 65 105 170
Sta. Maria 119A 98 102 200 86 90 176
119A1 26 18 44 21 15 36
120A 98 102 200 85 90 175
120A1 24 30 54 21 25 46
Sta. Rita 121A 96 104 200 82 89 171
121A1 11 5 16 9 4 13
122A 96 104 200 80 84 164
122A1 8 9 17 8 7 15
123A 100 100 200 88 89 177
123A1 9 9 18 8 8 16
124A 85 115 200 75 97 172
124A1 2 6 8 2 6 8
Sto. Niño 125A 75 94 169 69 88 157
126A 72 82 154 71 70 141
127A 53 59 112 50 53 103
Wawa 128A 65 69 134 55 57 112
129A 51 45 96 46 40 86
130A 84 116 200 79 101 180
130A1 1 0 1 0 0 0
131A1 85 100 185 81 88 169
132A 82 103 185 64 88 152
133A 94 101 195 86 90 176
134A 95 105 200 81 98 179
134A1 10 16 26 9 13 22
135A 102 89 191 91 82 173
Total 12,589 13,287 25,876 10,987 11,713 22,700
Source: COMELEC
3-6
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
As per the population distribution by age and sex, it appeared that there were
slightly more males (33,274) than females (32,622). This resulted to an over-all
sex ratio of 102, meaning that there were 102 males for every 100 females in the
municipality (refer to Table 3.6).
While it defines the volume of demand for various goods and services and supply
of human resources, the age-sex structure of a population presents important
implications to future growth both in terms of immediate and long-term effects.
For instance, the fact that one-fourth (23.8%) of the female population in 1995
were in their reproductive ages (15-49 years) may indicate a moderately
increasing birth rate at least in the near future.
Table 3.6 Percent Distribution of Population by Age Group and Sex, 1995
Age Total Percent to Male Female Sex
Group Total Ratio
Number Percent Number Percent
All Ages 65,903 100.0 33,274 50.49 32,622 49.50 102.0
Under 1 1,979 3.0 982 1.49 995 1.51 98.7
1-4 7,877 12.0 4,040 6.13 3,836 5.82 105.3
5-9 9,190 13.9 4,679 7.10 4,508 6.84 103.8
10-14 8,284 12.6 4,251 6.45 4,033 6.12 105.4
15-19 7,342 11.1 3,677 5.58 3,664 5.56 100.4
20-24 5,701 8.7 2,933 4.45 2,768 4.20 106.0
25-29 5,018 7.6 2,485 3.77 2,537 3.85 97.9
30-34 4,248 6.4 2,208 3.35 2,043 3.10 108.1
35-39 3,769 5.7 1,898 2.88 1,865 2.83 101.8
40-44 3,161 4.8 1,621 2.46 1,536 2.33 105.6
45-49 2,558 3.9 1,285 1.95 1,272 1.93 101.0
50-54 1,937 2.9 956 1.45 982 1.49 97.3
55-59 1,590 2.4 797 1.21 797 1.21 100.0
60-64 1,192 1.8 554 0.84 639 0.97 86.6
65-69 840 1.3 382 0.58 455 0.69 84.1
70-74 573 0.9 257 0.39 316 0.48 81.3
75-79 379 0.6 158 0.24 217 0.33 72.7
80-84 192 0.3 86 0.13 112 0.17 76.5
85 & over 73 0.11 26 0.04 46 0.07 57.1
Source: 1995 Census of Population
Assuming that the 1995 participation rate per age group persists until 2010, it is
estimated that almost half (49.6%) of the population shall belong to the young
age bracket (1 to 19 years old) (Table 3.7 refers).
3-7
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-8
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Population growth, over a period of time, leads to an increase in the working age
population which is a prime determinant of the labor supply. Overall, 55 percent
of the total population in 1995 were in their economically productive years (15 to
64 years old).
In terms of sex distribution, the unofficial results from the year 2000 census show
that the municipality has an almost equal distribution of male (50.63%) and
female sexes (49.37%). The projected sex distribution is computed based on the
assumed persistence of 2000 participation rates by sex and by barangay (refer to
Table 3.10).
3-9
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-10
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-11
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 3.11 Number of Households and Household Size, 1990 & 1995
Year Number of Households Household Population Household Size
1990 11,054 65,848 5.96
1995 12,938 66,048 5.10
Growth Rate 3.20 0.060
Source: 1990 and 1995 Census of Population
Based on the 1990 to 1995 growth rates of 3.19 percent for the number of
households and 0.06 percent for household population, it is projected that by
2010, total households shall reach 20,745 while household population is set at
66,652 (refer to Table 3.12).
Table 3.13 shows data on the number and size of households in the different
barangays of Pinamalayan. In 1995, Barangay Sta. Maria posted the biggest
average household size with six members, while Pagalagala had the smallest
average household size of 4.6 members.
Table 3.13 Household Population, Number of Households and Household Size, 1995
Barangay Household Number Household
Population of Households Size
Zone I 2,480 499 5.0
Zone II 2,498 525 4.8
Zone III 1,611 329 4.9
Zone IV 995 192 5.2
Anoling 1,901 353 5.4
Bacungan 1,051 198 5.3
Bangbang 1,843 354 5.2
Banilad 770 150 5.1
Buli 1,181 215 5.5
Cacawan 2,325 424 5.5
Calingag 1,611 334 4.8
Del Razon 1,186 239 5.0
Guinhawa 1,437 284 5.1
Inclanay 1,087 215 5.1
Lumangbayan 2,008 405 5.0
Malaya 702 137 5.1
Maliancog 1,219 230 5.3
3-12
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 3.13 Household Population, Number of Households and Household Size, 1995 (cont.)
Barangay Household Number Household
Population of Households Size
Maningcol 1,447 304 4.8
Marayos 1,190 233 5.1
Marfrancisco 4,865 954 5.1
Nabuslot 2,023 389 5.2
Pagalagala 970 212 4.6
Palayan 1,639 341 4.8
Pambisan Malaki 1,528 291 5.3
Pambisan Munti 845 148 5.7
Panggulayan 2,079 422 4.9
Papandayan 4,312 822 5.2
Pili 2,520 465 5.4
Quinabigan 1,972 394 5.0
Ranzo 855 155 5.5
Rosario 1,053 216 4.9
Sabang 2,542 533 4.8
Sta. Isabel 2,259 439 5.1
Sta. Maria 1,203 202 6.0
Sta. Rita 2,107 435 4.8
Sto. Niño 1,102 208 5.3
Wawa 3,432 692 5.0
Total 66,048 12,938
Source: 1995 Census of Population
The most densely populated areas were the urban barangays and those located
nearest the center or Poblacion area. Within the Poblacion, Zone I exhibited the
highest population concentration of 187.3 inhabitants per hectare in 1995. The
least densely populated were Barangays Pambisan Munti and Banilad with only
one person per hectare. It is important to note that of the 37 barangays, 28 had
exhibited very low densities between one to 10 persons per hectare.
Table 3.14 Land Area and Population Gross Density, 1990, 1995, 2000
Density (persons / ha.)
Barangay Land Area
1990 1995 2000
Zone I 13.2 187.4 187.3 212.4
Zone II 17.3 127.5 144.0 152.9
Zone III 11.5 142.6 140.3 198.4
Zone IV 7.6 121.0 130.9 124.2
Anoling 476.3 3.5 4.0 3.9
Bacungan 411.6 2.2 2.6 3.0
Bangbang 154.0 2.2 5.0 5.9
Banilad 757.0 4.6 2.4 2.0
Buli 570.2 1.9 2.1 2.3
Cacawan 237.0 7.5 9.8 12.6
Calingag 786.5 2.0 2.0 2.4
Del Razon 382.3 2.9 3.1 3.4
Guinhawa 787.5 -- 1.8 2.0
Inclanay 381.1 2.6 2.9 3.2
Lumangbayan 219.2 12.6 9.1 10.0
Malaya 507.2 1.2 1.3 1.4
3-13
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 3.14 Land Area and Population Gross Density, 1990, 1995, 2000 (cont.)
Density (persons / ha.)
Barangay Land Area
1990 1995 2000
Maliancog 749.2 1.3 1.6 1.8
Maningcol 535.0 2.4 2.7 3.1
Marayos 555.6 2.1 2.1 2.3
Marfrancisco 272.8 13.2 17.8 18.5
Nabuslot 325.6 5.7 6.2 6.9
Pagalagala 361.5 2.6 2.7 3.2
Palayan 245.4 6.8 6.7 7.3
Pambisan Malaki 461.8 3.3 3.3 3.2
Pambisan Munti 810.0 0.9 1.1 1.2
Panggulayan 329.7 5.7 6.3 7.1
Papandayan 554.2 6.5 7.8 8.9
Pili 586.4 3.8 4.3 5.0
Quinabigan 301.8 6.2 6.5 7.3
Ranzo 337.7 1.9 2.5 2.4
Rosario 434.8 2.9 2.4 3.4
Sabang 2,098.7 1.0 1.2 1.6
Sta. Isabel 1,071.3 1.9 2.1 2.3
Sta. Maria 166.6 6.2 7.2 7.8
Sta. Rita 257.6 7.1 8.2 9.5
Sto. Niño 116.3 8.5 9.5 9.2
Wawa 14.9 233.0 230.5 276.2
Unalienable and 11,493.20
Undisposable
Total 27,800.00
Source: 1990 and 1995 Census of Population
2000 Unofficial NSO Results
The projected population densities per barangay for the next ten years is shown
in Table 3.15.
3-14
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-15
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
In terms of urban – rural distribution, it can be noted that from 1990 to 1995, the
population growth in rural barangays was higher than in urban barangays by 1.6
percent. An opposite trend, however, is observed in the succeeding five years
(1995-2000), wherein, growth accelerated in the urban barangays (2.75 percent).
Growth in the rural barangays, in turn, slowed down to 2.20 percent during the
same period (refer to Table 3.16).
Table 3.16 Urban and Rural Population Growth, 1990 – 1995
Year Urban Rural Total
1990 1 7,248 51,529 58,777
1995 2 7,584 58,319 65,903
2000 3 8,684 65,026 73,710
1990-1995 Growth Rate (%) 4 0.91 2.51
1995-2000 Growth Rate (%) 4 2.75 2.20
Source: 1 1990 Census of Population
2
1995 Census of Population
3
2000 Unofficial Count was sourced from MCR
4
Consultant’s Calculations
The growth rate of the urban population, based on the 2000 population count,
was 2.75 percent. Using this as a benchmark in projecting urban-rural distribution
by 2010, it is estimated that majority (87.7 %) would still belong to the rural
population while more than one-tenth (12.3%) shall be urban (refer to Table
3.17).
Table 3.17 Projected Urban – Rural Population, 2001-2010
Year Urban Rural
2001 8,922 66,457
2002 9,167 67,920
2003 9,419 69,415
2004 9,678 70,943
2005 9,944 72,504
2006 10,217 74,100
2007 10,497 75,731
2008 10,785 77,398
2009 11,081 79,102
2010 11,386 80,843
Source: Consultant’s Calculations
3-16
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Based on the 1983 Comprehensive Development Plan, general land uses at that
time were divided into built-up areas, agricultural, open grassland, forestland,
industrial and others which included waterways, fishponds, and road networks
(refer to Table 3.18).
Of the total built-up area, only 52.3 hectares (16.05%) comprised the Poblacion
indicating an already dispersed pattern of urban growth. More than half (52.14%)
of the total land area of the municipality was devoted to agriculture. Major
agricultural crops planted in the area included coconut and rice. Areas with 8-15
percent slope were classified as grassland. These comprised close to one-fifth
(17.46%) of the municipality. These were found in Barangays Sabang, Buli, Pili,
Bungol, Banilad and Ranzo. Tables 3.18 and 3.19 present the breakdown of
general and urban land uses in 1983.
3-17
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The Poblacion is composed of Zones I to IV and Wawa with a total land area of
64.5 hectares. It is the center of major trading activities in the municipality. It is
defined by an almost-grid like pattern of streets with a pronounced increase in
building density in its business district: around the public market. The business
district is characterized by low-to medium intensity developments: an interspersal
of one to three-storey commercial buildings. Commercial activities are dominated
by small establishments engaged in retailing, such as grocery stores, food stores,
house wares, clothes, slippers, shoes, gifts, hardware, auto supply, machine
shop, photo shop and appliances. Auto repair shops and rice mills characterize
industrial activities.
A grid pattern street network characterizes the Poblacion. Three roads, namely
Del Pilar, Madrid and Mabini have convenient 20 meter rights-of-way (ROW).
Located within the intersections of the major roads are neighborhood commercial
areas. Institutional uses within the Poblacion include the municipal government
center as well as other local government offices. Schools, hospital, recreational
as well as other major community facilities may also be found in the Poblacion.
Figure 3.1 shows the existing general land use and the schedule of existing
general land uses is provided in Table 3.20.
Further, the breakdown of existing general land uses by barangay were derived
and is presented in the Table 3.21.
3-18
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-19
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
3-20
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The existing urban land use distribution is provided in Table 3.22 and shown in
Figure 3.2. Further, the breakdown of urban land use by barangay is detailed in
Table 3.23.
The extent of the Poblacion’s immediate sprawl is presented in Figure 3.3 Urban
Fringe Map.
Landmarks
Other features which may be considered as landmarks are the lighthouse and the
Municipal Government complex, which can be accessed along tree-lined roads.
3-21
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 3.23 Existing Detailed Urban Land Use By Barangay, 2000 (cont.)
Percent Total To Percent Total to Percent Total To Percent Total to Percent Total To Percent Total to
Barangay Total Tourism Idle Roads
Urban Land Area Total Land Area Urban Land Area Total Land Area Urban Land Area Total Land Area
Zone I 13.20 - - - 2.9895 4.6348 0.0108 0.1222 0.1895 0.0004
Zone II 17.30 - - - 1.8600 2.8836 0.0067 0.2518 0.3903 0.0009
Zone III 11.50 0.1414 0.2193 0.0005 1.0637 1.6491 0.0038 0.1445 0.2241 0.0005
Zone IV 7.60 - - - 0.2584 0.4006 0.0009 0.3561 0.5521 0.0013
Wawa 14.90 - - - 5.7216 8.8707 0.0206 0.2818 0.4369 0.0010
Total 64.50 0.1414 0.2193 0.0005 11.8931 18.4390 0.0428 1.1564 1.7929 0.0042
Source: Municipal Planning and Development Office
Municipal Engineer’s Office, Municipal Agriculturist’s Office, Assessor’s Office
3-22
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
4.2 Agriculture
Grains Production
Rice
Within the provincial context, Pinamalayan ranks tenth of the 15 Oriental Mindoro
municipalities in terms of rice production in rainfed areas and third in irrigated
areas.
It can be noted that there is an over-all decline in area planted, production and
productivity from 1997 to 1998 but an increase was registered in the succeeding
year. In the early months of 1998, almost 80 hectares of rice were not supplied
with irrigation water by the National Irrigation Administration (NIA) due to the El
Niño phenomenon. An estimated 2,864 metric tons of palay were destroyed
when the rainy season came at the last quarter of the year due to La Niña.
The twin calamities resulted in the reduction of the total rice production by 28
percent in 1998 and also reduced productivity by 15 percent. In 1999, rice
production increased by as much as 30.10 percent. An increase in average
productivity per season of 96 cavans per hectare (or 4.82 mt/ha) was also
attained, bringing back the productivity to the 1997 level of 4.83 mt/ha (refer to
Table 4.1).
4-1
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
It is worth highlighting that Pinamalayan has attained the highest rice productivity
level in irrigated areas in 1999 among all municipalities in the province. An
average productivity of 4.90 mt/ha (or 98 cav/ha) was attained by rice farmers for
irrigated areas. It even set a high average record of 5.02 mt/ha (100.4 cav/ha)
for the wet season harvest of 1999 (refer to Table 4.2).
Table 4.2 Average Rice Productivity in Irrigated Areas in Oriental Mindoro by Municipality and
Season, 1999
Average Productivity Levels (mt/ha)
Municipality Palagad Dry Season Wet Season Average
(Oct-Dec) (Jan-Apr) (May-Sep)
Baco 3.03 - 3.50 3.30
Bansud 4.24 4.23 4.03 4.13
Bongabong 2.97 2.95 3.96 4.49
Bulalacao - 2.61 4.12 3.82
Calapan 4.11 4.11 4.04 4.08
Gloria 3.66 3.66 3.76 3.72
Mansalay 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.04
Naujan 4.38 4.25 4.17 4.23
Pinamalayan 4.82 4.78 5.02 4.90
Pola - 4.13 4.25 4.19
Roxas 4.06 3.89 3.44 4.02
San Teodoro - 3.18 3.67 3.43
Socorro 4.73 4.73 3.15 4.74
Victoria 4.14 4.25 4.08 4.16
Average 3.99 4.19 4.16 3.82
Source: Provincial Agriculturist’s Office
Note: Puerto Galera’s rice production is very minimal and is not included in the tabulation.
It was also a good year for Pinamalayan rainfed rice farmers, harvesting an
average of 3.81 mt/ha, second only to Socorro, which had a total average yield of
3.91 mt/ha (Table 4.3). These achievements must be reflective of the quality and
effectiveness of extension and other support services extended to the rice
farmers by the Municipal Agriculturist’s Office (MAO), Department of Agriculture
(DA) and Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR).
Table 4.3 Average Rice Productivity in Rainfed Areas in Oriental Mindoro by Municipality and Season, 1999
Average Productivity Levels (mt/ha)
Municipality Palagad Dry Season Wet Season Average
(Oct-Dec) (Jan-Apr) (May-Sep)
Baco 2.46 - 2.75 2.63
Bansud - - - -
Bongabong 2.49 2.49 3.94 3.05
Bulalacao - 2.20 3.75 3.58
Calapan 3.06 3.06 2.61 2.82
Gloria 3.42 3.42 3.50 3.46
Mansalay 3.59 3.83 3.83 3.61
Naujan 3.77 3.71 3.91 3.79
Pinamalayan 3.32 3.27 3.93 3.81
Pola - 3.00 3.25 3.12
Roxas - - - -
San Teodoro - 2.80 3.16 2.73
Socorro 3.92 4.08 2.55 3.91
Victoria - 3.87 3.39 3.62
Average 3.53 3.58 3.54 3.59
Source: Municipal Agriculturist’s Office
Note: Puerto Galera’ s rice production is very minimal and is not included in the tabulation.
4-2
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Pinamalayan is generally a net rice producer, having more than 50 percent of its
rice production as surplus during the normal rice production period (Table 4.4).
Corn
Corn, another significant grain crop, is not planted in Pinamalayan.
Temporary Crops
Permanent Crops
4-3
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 4.6 Inventory of Permanent Crops Grown By Area and Number of Trees, Pinamalayan, 1999
(cont.)
Permanent Crops Area Planted Number of Trees
Mango 389.40 47,384
Carabao 97.75 7,547
Piko 8.60 591
Indian 283.05 19,423
Citrus 277.27 109,434
Calamansi 145.29 66,545
Mandarin 0.29 83
Oranges 127.57 42,183
Pomelo 3.56 368
Lemon 0.56 255
Rambutan 71.13 10,570
Lanzones 58.42 12,017
Jackfruit 47.50 6,208
Guava 34.65 14,797
Guyabano 18.18 3,195
Starapple 34.69 3,479
Santol 23.19 2,431
Tamarind 13.61 1,461
Avocado 11.84 1,633
Papaya 9.16 5,378
Durian 6.32 2,237
Atis 4.45 2,149
Duhat 4.23 451
Pineapple 4.19 7,722
Chico 2.91 406
Balimbing 1.69 344
Cashew 1.86 233
Breadfruit 1.10 122
Marang 1.01 51
Sineguelas 0.69 97
Chesa 0.70 138
Mangosteen 0.05 10
Others:
Black Pepper 7.01 17,257
Abaca 2.01 1,255
Achuete 1.60 225
Malunggay 4.01 1,324
Kapok 4.21 421
From 1999 to 2000, there is an increasing trend in the population of both large
and small ruminants. Carabao population increased by 13 percent while cattle
grew by 33 percent. The opposite happened for ducks and native chicken,
where a decrease of 31 percent and 47 percent occurred, respectively (refer to
Table 4.8).
4-4
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
4-5
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The top seven barangays (out of 37 barangays) with the most number (50%) of
carabao population are: Sabang, Guinhawa, Calingag, Inclanay, Malaya, Sta.
Isabel and Bacungan. The eight major cattle producing barangays (53% of cattle
population) are: Cacawan, Calingag, Sabang, Banilad, Pili, Ranzo, Malaya and
Bacungan. The 13 barangays with the most hog population are located in
Bangbang, Sta. Maria, Panggulayan, Sta. Isabel, Nabuslot, Banilad, Cacawan,
Anoling, Bacungan, Buli, Ranzo, Sabang and Quinabigan representing 60% of
the total hog population. Commercial cattle farms are located in Calingag and
Papandayan. The centers of native chicken production are barangays Banilad,
Malaya, Rosario, Cacawan, Calingag, Maningcol, Panggulayan, and Del Razon
which constitute 47 percent of the total chicken population.
The people of Pinamalayan are low meat consumers. Of the 33 kgs. total per
capita meat requirement per year, only 20 percent is being satisfied or about 6.8
kgs. This situation may be attributed to a confluence of the following factors,
namely: (a) abundance of marine fish products as protein substitute; and (b) low
livestock population. Theoretically, in order to fill the gap, livestock and poultry
population have to be increased by four times its current level (refer to Table
4.9).
4-6
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Municipal Fisheries
There are 401 fisher folks in the municipality, most of them residing along the
nine coastal barangays (refer to Table 4.10). As of 1999, the Municipal
Agriculturist’s Office (MAO) has conducted nine Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
Management Council (FARMC) classes in the nine coastal barangays. The MAO
has also conducted orientations regarding RA 8550 or the Fisheries Code.
Table 4.10 Registered Fisher Folks Along the Coastal Barangays, 2000
Barangay Number
1. Quinabigan 37
2. Papandayan 57
3. Zone I 47
4. Wawa 95
5. Lumambayan 34
6. Guinhawa 5
7. Pili 51
8. Banilad 37
9. Ranzo 38
Total 401
Source: Municipal Agriculturist’s Office
Fishpond Culture
Brackishwater Fish
Bangus (milkfish) and sugpo (black tiger prawn) are the most common species
cultured in four harvesting seasons per year. Around 49 hectares has been
devoted to polyculture operation while 41 hectares to bangus monoculture (refer
to Table 4.12). Average production per harvest ranges from 500 to 600
kilograms per hectare. Operators source their fry requirements locally from 31
bangus fry concessionaires. Approximately 31.81 million fry are being harvested
from the wild each year.
Table 4.12 Inventory of Brackish Fishponds by Area and Number of Operators, 1999
Barangay No. of Operators Area (hectares)
Lumangbayan 12 37
Pili 1 3
Quinabigan 2 9
Total 15 49
Source: Pinamalayan Barangay Screening Survey, July 1999
BAS Provincial Operations Center
4-7
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Freshwater Fish
Table 4.13 Tilapia Farms Inventory by Area and Number of Operators, 1999
Barangay Number of Operators Area (hectares)
Bacungan 1 0.75
Malaya 3 0.12
Marayos 2 0.35
Quinabigan 1 0.02
Rosario 6 0.30
Sta. Isabel 2 0.50
Total 15 2.04
Source: Pinamalayan Barangay Screening Survey, July 1999
BAS Provincial Operations Center
Lately, around 20 farms with 400 square meters of small farm reservoirs were
stocked with tilapia fingerlings from the DA and the provincial government.
These were given financial assistance of P10,000 per farm. Farmers follow an
intensive culture at a stocking rate of seven pieces of tilapia per square meter.
Most farms source their fingerlings from hatcheries in Victoria and Naujan
municipalities.
4.2.4 Agricultural Facilities and Extension Services
Agricultural Facilities
Irrigation Facilities
The NIA-Pula-Bansud River Irrigation System has been operating since 1960.
Since then, several rehabilitation works were undertaken through the Irrigation
Operation Support Project (IOSP). Irrigation water is diverted through a run-off
type river dam located in Barangay Inclanay, across the Pula River. The system
serves 18 barangays of Pinamalayan, two in Socorro and another two in Pola.
It has a total length of 50.7 kilometers of canals and 36.4 kilometers of service
roads. It covers 2,600 hectares of riceland.
The irrigation system profile and its coverage within Pinamalayan is provided in
Tables 4.14 and 4.15, respectively.
4-8
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
As of 1999, there have been 2,201 farmer beneficiary members of the three
Irrigators Associations who were actively involved in the operation and
maintenance of the system.
Municipal Slaughterhouse
The municipality currently has two Agricultural Center and Breeding Stations
(ACBS) located in Barangays Sto. Niño and Malaya. Structural facilities include
one greenhouse and one community pig pen. The ACBS assists in facilitating
the hog and livestock dispersal program of the Local Government. The current
stock of animals in the six-hectare breeding station is listed in Table 4.16. At
present, the ACBS needs one quality boar to service its sows. To continue its
breeding operations, the ACBS hires boars from the various operators in the
municipality. The current inventory of boars is 77 being managed by 60 breeding
services operators. For large animals, there are 68 bulls operated by 61
individuals.
4-9
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
There are three fishlanding centers that are located in three barangays (Table
4.17).
The most common farm equipment used in the municipality consist of tractors,
rice threshers, rice mills and others (refer to Table 4.18).
4-10
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Extension Services
The hog dispersal program of the municipality is gaining ground with an increase
in animal inventory of 385, up by 63 percent since 1998. A mortality rate of eight
percent was registered in 1999 brought about by pneumonia, scouring and swine
plague.
Aside from hog dispersal, the Municipal Agriculturist’s Office also dispersed 43
cattle and 27 goats in barangays Bacungan, Pambisan Malaki, Pambisan Munti,
Sta. Isabel, Calingag and Pili.
4-11
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Agri-Business
Forest tree seedlings were distributed in schools in support of their tree planting
activities. Vegetable seeds were also produced and distributed among farmers.
Aside from organizing nine FARMCs, the municipality has deputized fishwardens
to enforce the fishery law in the coastal barangays of the municipality. Several
apprehensions were made against fishing encroachment and the use of fine
mesh nets.
About 51.9 percent of the targets set for CARP implementation had already been
accomplished in Pinamalayan as of December 1999. Of the 3,126 total scope
target of the CARP in 1999, the Department of Agrarian Reform is working on
an outstanding balance of 499.7 hectares for acquisition and disposition (refer to
Table 4.20).
The Agrarian Reform Communities are dispersed in the municipality and located
in six barangays. These include Barangays Marfrancisco, Rosario, Papandayan,
Del Razon, Quinabigan and Malaya. Future expansions of the ARCs are
expected in Barangays Pambisan Munti, Pambisan Malaki, Maliancog, Inclanay,
Marayos, Sabang, Sta. Isabel, Cacawan, Pili, Lumangbayan, Anoling, Buli,
Banilad and Ranzo.
The succeeding table lists the projected Land Acquisition and Disposition (LAD)
Targets for new land holdings from 2001 to 2004. A total of 581.2 hectares of
lan.d is expected to be further included in the CARP Program.
4-12
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 4.21 Projected Land Acquisition and Disposition Targets for New Landholdings, 2001-2004
Year Total Number of Area Targeted
2001 146.9
2002 164.0
2003 145.2
2004 125.1
Source: Department Of Agrarian Reform, Pinamalayan
4.2.6 SAFDZ
The breakdown of SAFDZ areas is presented in Table 4.22 (refer also to Figure
2.9)
4-13
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Food Requirements
Based on the projected population and the per capita food requirement set by
the Department of Agriculture, the projected yearly food requirements for the
following commodities have been computed: milled rice, root crops, vegetables,
fruits, meat products, egg, milk/milk products, sugar and fish. By 2010, it is
estimated that food requirements for the following commodities will be as follows:
milled rice (10.1 million kgs.), root crops (5.6 million kgs.), vegetables (5.0 million
kgs.), fruits (7.1 million kgs.), meat products (3.1 million kgs.), eggs (0.3 million
kgs.) milk/milk products (2.3 million kgs.), sugar (2.8 million kgs.) and fish (2.8
million kgs.). Refer to Table 4.23.
Requirements for meat products, sugar and fish are also presented in Table
4.24.
4-14
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
4-15
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 4.24 Pinamalayan’s Projected Animal and Agricultural Area Requirements, 2001-2010
Current Average Year / Population, Total Area Requirement (hectares)
Food Items Hectarage Yield 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
(hectares) (kgs.) 73,710 75,379 77,086 78,831 80,616 82,442 84,309 86,218 88,170 90,166 92,208
Rice1 6,044.00 4.82 4,198 4,293 4,390 4,490 4,591 4,695 4,802 4,910 5,021 5,135 5,251
Root Crops2 102.74 6.29 711 727 743 760 777 795 813 831 850 869 889
Vegetables3 283.23 0.84 1,595 1,631 1,668 1,706 1,745 1,784 1,825 1,866 1,908 1,951 1,996
Fruits4 3,749.61 13.65 414 423 433 443 453 463 473 484 495 506 518
Supply
contribution
Meat Products5 Current stock Animal / Poultry Population (Number of Head) to Meet Food Requirement
per head
(kgs., 1999)
Carabao 1,469 19.20 5,539 5,671 5,806 5,944 6,086 6,231 6,379 6,531 6,686 6,845 7,008
Cattle 1,628 28.80 6,139 6,285 6,435 6,588 6,745 6,905 7,069 7,238 7,410 7,586 7,767
Swine 7,647 70.20 28,836 29,522 30,225 30,944 31,681 32,435 33,207 33,997 34,806 35,634 36,482
Goat 1,362 7.80 5,136 5,258 5,383 5,511 5,643 5,777 5,914 6,055 6,199 6,347 6,498
Chicken/Ducks 28,353 0.88 106,916 109,460 112,065 114,733 117,463 120,259 123,121 126,051 129,051 132,123 135,267
Eggs6 none none 23,389 23,919 24,461 25,014 25,581 26,160 26,752 27,358 27,978 28,611 29,259
Milk/Milk
Products7 none none 16,071 16,435 16,808 17,188 17,577 17,975 18,382 18,799 19,224 19,659 20,105
Total Area Requirement (hectares)
Sugar8 none none 297 304 311 318 325 333 340 348 356 364 372
Fish9 51.04 1.51 1,164 1,198 1,233 1,268 1,304 1,341 1,379 1,418 1,458 1,498 1,540
Source: Municipal Agriculturist's Office and Consultant's computations.
Notes:
1
Average yield for 2,533.25 hectares of irrigated area is 4.90 tons/ha while for 200 hectares of rainfed area is 3.81 tons/ha.
2
Selected root crops - cassava, camote, gabi, ubi, at current hectarage, productivity, and 2-3 croppings per year.
3
Selected vegetables - eggplant, squash, ampalaya, okra, patola,pechay, mustard, tomato, winged bean, raddish, upo, assuming 5 mt/ha, at 3 croppings/year.
4
Selected fruits - banana, rambutan, mango calamansi, durian, lansones, orange.
5
Supply contribution per animal / poultry species and animal requirement computation.
Shows whether food (meat/meat products) requirements in terms of number of heads is less or greater than the current animal stock:
Extraction Average Body Dressing Population Supply Supply Per Head of Requirement
Species
Rate Weight Percentage 1999 (kgs.) Contribution Animal (No. of Head)
Carabao 10% 400 48% 1,469 28,205 4.36% 19.20 5,539
Cattle 16% 375 48% 1,628 46,886 7.24% 28.80 6,139
Swine 120% 90 65% 7,647 536,819 82.89% 70.20 28,836
Goat 30% 40 65% 1,362 10,624 1.64% 7.80 5,136
Chicken/ducks 100% 1.3 68% 28,353 25,064 3.87% 0.88 106,916
Total 40,459 647,598 100.00% 16.01 152,566
6
220 eggs per layer (commercial type) per year, 17.54 pieces / kg.; floor space requirement is one (1) square foot per bird. The egg requirement can be partially supplied by the existing
population of native chicken.
7
Expressed in terms of number of head of cows/cara-cows; 200 liters / lactating cow/cara-cow per year, 80% conception rate; 20% fed to calves, 80% can be processed
8
Average production of 80 tons cane per hectare with a PS/TC of 1.50 =120 piculs sugar or 152 kgs. bags sugar (63.33 kgs./picul)
9
Area estimate are for new fish ponds (brackish water and freshwater) fishery sources only, assuming 504 metric/year would be provided from marine sources and existing fishponds.
4-16
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Wednesdays and Saturdays are the market days and brisk trading may be
observed in the public market. Rice, banana, vegetables, coconut, fishery and
livestock are the predominantly traded agricultural products. Pinamalayan is also
a central source of household items, apparel and other consumer products.
4.3.2 Industry
The most commonly available raw materials in the municipality include rattan/
uway, bamboo, buli, nito, anahaw, clay for pottery, nipa, herbal plants, shells,
coconut materials, tambo, pandan, rice straw, sand and gravel, timber/lumber,
cogon and abaca.
Business establishments are mostly located in the Poblacion and are into retail
trade and services. Retail business is mainly conducted by small scale
enterprises. A total of 875 establishments, varying from commercial,
manufacturing and service centers, were registered.
4-17
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
4.3.4 Tourism
The Regional Tourism Master Plan of Southern Tagalog has envisioned Oriental
Mindoro as an island paradise focusing on the sustainable development of its
eco-tourism sites as well as its various historical, cultural and archaeological
features. Further, its goal is to develop tourism in a manner that preserves the
values and ways of the local people including indigenous communities. Included
in the tourism priorities for Oriental Mindoro are the following: Mount Halcon in
Baco, Lake Naujan, Bulalacao and the establishment of a convention center in
Pinamalayan.
4-18
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
absence of entertainment, sports and recreation sites where one can while away
the time or relax during the night.
Figure 4.1 presents the location of existing and possible tourist attractions.
Following are the development needs that need priority attention in order to
jumpstart economic development in Pinamalayan:
4-19
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Heart-related diseases and hypertension have always been the leading causes of
death since 1995. Other common causes of adult mortality were pneumonia,
tuberculosis, cancer and COPD. Although acute renal disease, asthma and
premature birth were the leading causes of mortality in 1995 to 1996, these have
been eliminated in the top ten in the succeeding years. This can be attributed to
the improving health service provided by the MHO. However, deaths caused by
accident and traumatic injuries have been a consistent leading cause since the
last five years (refer to Table 5.2).
5-1
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The ten leading causes of morbidity among residents from 1995 to 1999 are
presented in Table 5.3. Acute Respiratory Infection has consistently been the
number one cause of adult morbidity during the said period. Other causes
included influenza, diarrhea and gastro-intestinal disorder. Many morbidity cases
have been attributed to the lack of potable water supply in some coastal and
upland barangays.
Among the infants, the leading causes of death were pneumonia, sepsis
neutorium and asthmatic bronchitis and congenital heart disease from 1995 to
1999 (refer to Table 5.4). The lack of potable water supply especially in the
coastal and upland barangays may also be considered as contributing factors to
infant and maternal morbidity.
5-2
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Among pre-school children, 60.8 percent have normal nutritional status, 27.9
percent mild, 7.2 percent moderate, 3.4 percent overweight and 0.7 percent with
severe malnutrition. Malnutrition is most prevalent in Barangays Papandayan,
Sabang and Marfrancisco, with five to seven percent rates of severe and
moderate malnourishment (refer to Table 5.5).
Table 5.5 Health and Nutrition Profile of Pre-school Children, January - March 2000
Number Nutritional Status
of Pre- Severe and Moderate
Barangay school Mildly
Normal Moderate Severe Overweight
Children Underweight Number Percent (%)
Weighted
Zone I 622 463 122 23 2 12 25 2.44
Zone II 352 215 87 29 5 16 34 3.31
Zone III 410 267 95 16 1 31 17 1.66
Zone IV 248 132 53 53 0 10 53 5.17
Anoling 419 271 107 33 0 8 33 3.22
Bacungan 231 197 25 6 0 3 6 0.58
Bangbang 299 164 90 39 0 6 39 3.80
Banilad 427 296 99 24 0 8 24 2.34
Buli 239 139 69 23 4 4 27 2.63
Cacawan 460 322 111 15 4 8 19 1.85
Calingag 394 221 127 39 0 7 39 3.80
Del Razon 276 201 68 0 1 6 1 0.10
Guinhawa 320 221 77 22 0 0 22 2.14
Inclanay 241 160 41 32 2 6 34 3.31
Lumangbayan 394 294 55 32 8 5 40 3.90
Malaya 158 122 29 7 0 0 7 0.68
Maliancog 233 139 74 15 0 5 15 1.46
Maningcol 323 127 134 37 5 20 42 4.09
Marayos 277 177 54 15 1 30 16 1.56
Marfrancisco 904 554 242 16 5 87 21 2.05
Nabuslot 469 164 260 35 0 10 35 3.41
Pagalagala 220 164 47 8 0 1 8 0.78
Palayan 394 323 50 10 1 10 11 1.07
Pambisan Malaki 386 256 94 29 4 3 33 3.22
Pambisan Munti 190 111 58 19 2 0 21 2.05
Panggulayan 494 374 74 25 1 20 26 2.53
Papandayan 1069 769 211 67 3 19 70 6.82
Pili 555 402 103 45 2 3 47 4.58
Quinabigan 471 358 87 14 3 9 17 1.66
Ranzo 165 110 43 9 0 3 9 0.88
Rosario 317 117 141 52 2 5 54 5.26
Sabang 526 216 228 50 7 25 57 5.56
Sta. Isabel 505 344 125 27 1 8 28 2.73
Sta. Maria 235 108 103 21 0 3 21 2.05
Sta. Ria 496 381 75 16 0 24 16 1.56
Sto. Nino 249 197 37 13 1 1 14 1.36
Wawa 877 527 302 43 2 3 45 4.39
5-3
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The program on maternal care and child health of the municipality currently
provides pre-natal care, natal and post natal care including supervision of nursing
mothers, continuing health supervision and total care of all children from birth
through childhood and adolescence; continuous provision of vaccines, iron
tablets and food supplements.
Table 5.6 shows the maternal care accomplishment in 1999. Over-all, data
showed that there was a 100 percent accomplishment rate in majority of the
services provided. Exception, however, is noted in the provision of iron among
pregnant women in the pre- and post natal care where only 5.3 percent (75) of
the target beneficiaries were serviced. This was due to the inadequate supply of
vitamins and medicines for distribution.
A similar trend can be observed in child health care, where only 58 percent
(1,247) of the total infants were given the third dose against hepatitis. This can
also be attributed to the inadequate supply of medicines received by the Rural
Health Unit.
5-4
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
A list of other environmental health indicators monitored by the Rural Health Unit
is provided below.
5-5
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Health Facilities
Pinamalayan is equipped with the health facilities shown in Table 5.11. These
are also presented in Figure 5.1.
Table 5.11 Inventory of General Health Facilities, 2000
Type of Health Facility Number
Community Hospital / Medical Clinics
Private 6
Public 1
Rural Health Unit (RHU) 3
Barangay Health Station (BHS) 10
Barangay Health Facilities 12
Source: Municipal Planning and Development Office
Table 5.12 Inventory of Existing Private Hospitals and Medical Clinics, 2000
Name of Location Facilities/ Classification Bed
Hospital Services Capacity
Barreto Medical Sto. Niño Subd., *Laboratory; *ECG; Medical Clinic (out-patient)
Clinic Marfrancisco *Cardiology and
Pulmonary Facilities;
Ultrasound
(Saturdays only)
* = [Mondays to
Saturdays]
St. Paul Medical Quezon St., Zone III Laboratory; Basic Medical Clinic 15
Clinic Urinalysis; Stool,
CBC
5-6
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Health Manpower
The programs and projects that have been undertaken by the MHO are
summarized in the table below.
5-7
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
At present, three cemeteries are located in the municipality. The public cemetery
in Barangay Papandayan has reached its full capacity while the private
cemeteries (Chinese Cemetery, Pinamalayan Memorial Park and the
Pinamalayan Catholic Cemetery) have not used half of their areas.
One of the main thrusts of the municipality is to find a suitable location for a new
public cemetery. Sanitation guidelines from the DENR on the siting of
burial/memorial parks should be adopted.
The average death rate in the municipality is set at 3.84 percent. Assuming that
this rate persists in the next ten years, it is estimated that projected death would
total to 3,560. This corresponds to a total area requirement of 1.7 hectares.
Following are the development needs in the health sector that must be
addressed in order to facilitate efficient social service delivery:
5-8
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
5-9
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Half or 50.7 percent of the population five years old and over in 1995 have
attended or completed elementary education, while one-fourth or 25.7 percent
have reached or completed secondary education. Only 5.5 percent were
academic degree holders. The proportion of those who had no education at all
was 7.3 percent. There were more female academic degree holders (1,803 or
3.22 %) than males (1,289 or 2.3 %). Table 5.17 refers.
Table 5.17 Percent Distribution of Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest Grade
Completed and Sex, 1995
Both Sexes Male Female
Highest Grade HH Pop’n. Percent HH Pop’n. Percent HH Pop’n. Percent
Completed 5 years old to total 5 years old to Total 5 years old to Total
and over and over and over
No grade completed 4,115 7.35 2,159 3.86 1,956 3.49
Pre-school 2,038 3.64 1,002 1.79 1,036 1.85
Elementary 28,385 50.69 14,624 26.12 13,761 24.58
1st - 4th grade 12,777 22.82 6,702 11.97 6,075 10.85
5th - 7th grade 15,608 27.88 7,922 14.15 76,896 13.73
High school 14,373 25.67 7,103 12.69 7,270 12.98
Graduate 8,083 14.44 3,968 7.09 4,115 7.35
Undergraduate 6,290 11.23 3,135 5.60 3,155 5.63
Post-Secondary 1,227 2.19 620 1.11 607 1.08
Undergraduate 287 0.51 147 0.26 140 0.25
Graduate 940 1.68 473 0.84 476 0.83
College Under-Graduate 2,465 4.46 1,291 2.31 1,204 2.15
Academic Degree Holder 3,092 5.52 1,289 2.30 1,803 3.22
Post Baccalaureate 15 0.03 9 0.02 6 0.01
Not Stated 252 0.45 130 0.23 122 0.22
Total 55,992 100.00 28,227 50.41 27,765 49.59
Source: 1995 Census of Population
Participation rates for both East and West Districts are high with 94.88 and 83.80
percent respectively in 1999.
Survival rate is the proportion of the enrollees at the beginning grade or year who
reach the final grade or year at the end of the required number of years of study.
The survival rate for the East District shows a decreasing trend while improving
figures may be observed in the West. The 1999 survival rate is low at 72.5
percent for the East and 72.01 percent for the West District, and are below the
national goal of 80 percent.
Generally, dropout rates and repetition rates are at very manageable levels in
both Districts. A significant decline of 5.46 percent in the West District from 1998
to 1999 may be observed. Graduation rates for the East and West Districts in
1999 are high at 96 and 98 percent, respectively.
5-10
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Enrollment data provided by DECS for school years 1998 to 1999, 1999 to 2000
and 2000 to 2001 in public and private schools by educational level are
presented in Table 5.19. It can be noted that enrollment in public and private
elementary schools registered a minimal 1.02 and 1.09 percent increase
respectively from SY 1998-1999 to SY 1999-2000. Enrollment in public
elementary schools are listed in Table 5.20.
Table 5.19 Number of Enrollees and Average Number of Enrollees in Elementary Schools, SY 1999 –
2000 – East District
Number of Enrollees Average Number of Enrollees per
Type of Number of School
School Schools SY 1998- SY 1999- SY 2000- SY 1998- SY 1999- SY 2001-
1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2002
Public 14 7,345 7,506 7,666 524 536 547
Private 6 732 799 788 122 133 131
Source: DECS East District
Table 5.20 List of Public Elementary Schools with Corresponding Number of Enrollment, SY 2000-
2001
Public Elementary Schools Enrollment
1. JMSM Pilto School 2,260
2. Banilad ES 256
3. Buli ES 347
4. DARMES 868
5. Lumambayan ES 379
6. Malaya ES 179
7. NDJMES 275
8. Papandayan ES 876
9. Pili ES 512
10. Quinabigan ES 658
11. Ranzo ES 275
12. Rosario ES 278
13. Sta. Isabel ES 428
14. Upper Bongol PS 78
Sub-total 7,666
Source: DECS District Office
5-11
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Vocational education and training on trade and skills are provided by Non-Formal
Education Classes through the Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority (TESDA) coordinators and private vocational schools.
Elementary Education
The additional teachers and classrooms requirements from DECS are presented
in the following Table 5.22. Ratios presented clearly indicate the deficiency in
the number of teachers and classrooms in primary intermediate elementary
education. Analysis shows that there is a need for 45 additional teachers and 45
classrooms.
5-12
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
5-13
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Secondary Education
Public secondary education is provided by five schools. From the table below, it
is important to note that except for Nabuslot National High School, the rest have
manageable classroom to student ratios. There is , however, definitely a need to
add more classrooms to reduce the number of students per classroom.
Table 5.24 Public Secondary Education, SY 1999-2000
National High School Enroll Total Total Actual Classroom – Class- Teacher-
ment Classes Classrooms Number of Student Ratio Classroom Student
Teachers Ratio Ratio
1. Nabuslot National High School 1658 31 19 46 1:87 1:1 1:36
2. Pambisan National Hish School 663 14 14 23 1:47 1:1 1:29
3. Pili National High School 460 10 9 11 1:51 1:1 1:42
4. Quinabigan National High School 744 15 15 21 1:50 1:1 1:35
5. Ranzo National High School 359 9 6 11 1:60 1:1 1:33
Source: Planning Services Office, DECS
Tertiary Education
5-14
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Vocational Education
Sports and recreation facilities are available in all barangays. The facilities vary
from sports complex, playground and basketball courts, firing range, and an
inland resort.
Another place of interest and relaxation is the Pinamalayan Municipal Park Plaza
occupying the area in front of the municipal hall. It is an open space with a
skating rink, sitting area and playground.
5-15
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
There is a need to address the current backlog as well as the projected teacher
and classroom requirements in order to ensure the efficient delivery of education
among the school-going-age population. The projected requirements in
elementary and secondary education are found in the succeeding discussion.
Elementary Education
The second step was to set the Participation Rate (PR). For elementary
education, target PR for 2010 was set at 95 percent. The increment PR was
estimated at 0.51 percent per year (refer to Table 5.29).
5-16
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The third step was to multiply the projected school - going - age population by the
projected PR that resulted to the projected enrollment. The projected enrollment
was then related to the additional teacher and classroom requirements (refer to
Table 5.30).
Table 5.30 Projected, Enrollment, Additional Teacher and Classroom Requirements, 2001-2010
Projected Projected Projected
Projected Projected
School Projected Additional Additional
Year Participation Teacher to
Age-Going Enrollment Teacher Classrooms
Rates Class Ratio
Population Requirements Requirements
2001 11,993 90.37 10,838 1:56 34 23
2002 12,264 90.88 11,146 1:54 13 13
2003 12,542 91.40 11,463 1:52 14 14
2004 12,826 91.91 11,789 1:50 15 15
2005 13,117 92.43 12,123 1:48 17 17
2006 13,414 92.94 12,467 1:46 18 18
2007 13,717 93.46 12,820 1:44 20 20
2008 14,028 93.97 13,182 1:42 23 23
2009 14,345 94.49 13,554 1:40 25 25
2010 14,670 95.00 13,937 1:40 10 10
Source: Consultant’s Calculations
Secondary Education
The same formula for computing elementary education requirements was used in
computing requirements for secondary education. The target PR for 2010 was
set at 85 percent. The increment PR was estimated at 1.22 percent per year
(refer to Table 5.31).
The projected school – going – age population was then multiplied to the
projected PR that resulted to the projected enrollment. The projected enrollment
was then related to the additional teacher and classroom requirements (refer to
Table 5.32).
Table 5.32 Projected Enrollment, Additional Teacher and Classroom Requirements, 2001-2010
Projected Projected Projected Projected
Projected
School Projected Teacher: Additional Additional
Year Participation
Age-Going Enrollment Class Ratio Teacher Classrooms
Rates
Population Requirements Requirements
2001 7,146 73.99 5,287 1:56 (18) 25
2002 7,308 75.21 5,496 1:54 7 7
2003 7,473 76.43 5,712 1:52 8 8
2004 7,642 77.66 5,935 1:50 9 9
2005 7,816 78.88 6,165 1:48 10 10
2006 7,992 80.11 6,402 1:46 11 11
2007 8,173 81.33 6,647 1:44 12 12
2008 8,359 82.55 6,900 1:42 13 13
2009 8,548 83.78 7,161 1:40 15 15
2010 8,741 85.00 7,430 1:40 7 7
Source: Consultant’s Calculations
Other Need
5-17
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Latest available data (1990 NSO Survey on Housing) indicated an almost 1:1
ratio between housing units and households. Majority of housing units (86%)
were either owned or being amortized by their occupants (refer to Table 5.33).
Table 5.33 Occupied Housing Units, Households, Household Population by Type of Building, 1990
Ratio
Type of Building Occupied Households Household
Housing Population HH to Occupied HH Population
Units Housing Units to Occupied
Housing Units
Single House 10,727 10,858 58,193 1:012 5.425
Duplex 59 62 325 1:051 5.508
Multi-Unit Residential 33 37 129 1:121 3.909
Commercial / Industrial / Agricultural 22 22 98 1:000 4.455
Institutional Living Quarters 1 1 6 1:000 6.000
Other Housing Unit 1 1 1 1:000 1.000
Not Reported - - - - -
Total 10,843 10,981 58,752 1:1,013 5.418
Source: 1990 Census of Population and Housing
Table 5.34 Number of Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Outer Walls, 1990
Type Frequency
Concrete / Brick / Stone 1,298
Wood 2,287
Half Concrete / Brick / Stone and Half Wood 1,896
Galvanized Iron / Aluminum 33
Bamboo / Sawali / Cogon / Nipa 4,774
Makeshift, Salvaged / Improvised 366
Asbestos / Glass / Others 178
No Walls / Not Reported 11
Total 10,843
Source: 1990 Census of Population and Housing
There are approximately 1,000 families who are considered illegal settlers by the
MSWDO.
5-18
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The projected housing demand by 2010 is estimated at 7,248. This relates to the
projected additional households in the municipality (refer to Table 5.35).
5-19
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The following are the services under this program: parent effectiveness, marriage
counseling, planned parenthood counseling, social services for solo parents,
family casework services, responsible parenthood, livelihood development
services and practical skills training.
The program of family welfare is intended to strengthen the family as a basic unit
of society while the community welfare program is intended to assist socially
disadvantaged communities in developing their capabilities in problem-situation
analysis, goal and action plan formulation, plan implementation and monitoring
and evaluation. The community-organizing program, on the other hand, includes
social preparation for people’s participation and community volunteers resource
program. In 1999, the MSWDO was able to counsel 854 marrying couples on
Responsible Parenthood.
This can be availed of by children who lack opportunities for intellectual and
social stimulation, without relatives, neighbors and other suitable arrangements
for substitute parental care or home, who are withdrawn or with some handicaps
but can be assisted by group experience, and who, although malnourished, are
free from any communicable disease. Day Care Centers provide supplementary
parental care to children below 5 years old if parents cannot attend to their needs
(e.g., one or both of them are working). Ideally, there should be at least one day
care center per barangay to service children who do not have access to private
preparatory schools. These children are given access to early learning
experiences to bring out their greatest potential to become useful and productive
citizens. Services are also provided to children who may be neglected, abused,
exploited or abandoned.
There are currently 52 Day Care Centers. Table 5.36 shows the distribution of
Day Care Center/s by barangay.
Table 5.36 Inventory of Day Care Center By Barangay, 2000
Barangay Number of Day Care Center
Zone I 2
Zone II 1
Zone III 1
Zone IV 0
Anoling 1
Bacungan 1
Banilad 3
Bangbang 1
Buli 1
Cacawan 1
Calingag 1
Del Razon 2
Inclanay 1
Lumambayan 1
Malaya 1
Maliancog 1
5-20
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
5-21
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Emergency Assistance
The services extended by PLAN to the municipality include the following: health
and education support services, habitat assistance as well as livelihood
assistance.
The number of clients that the MSWDO has served through its various programs
in 1999 is presented in Table 5.37.
Table 5.37 Number of Clients Served by Type of Social Welfare Program, 1999
Program Number of Clients Served
Day Care Service Program 611
Planned Responsible Parenthood 1,708
Promotion of Skills and Employment for Women 90
Emergency Assistance – Indigents and Malnourished 564
Disabled Welfare Program / Senior Citizens Program 206
Livelihood Program 78
Source: Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office
There exist some challenges and concerns that need to be addressed to further
improve the delivery of social services. For instance, the municipality has only
one professional social worker and one social welfare aide directly implementing
social welfare programs. This has resulted to an actual social worker to family
ratio of 1:7,275. This is way below the national standard of 1:500.
5-22
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Following are the development needs in the social welfare sector that must be
addressed in order to facilitate efficient social service delivery:
5-23
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 5.39 Mangyan Population by Number of Settlement, Household and Population, 1994
Parameter Number
Number of Settlements 7
Number of Households 224
Population 1,124
Source: Special Projects Division, PPDO
Minority assistance for Indigenous Peoples (IPs) come from various government,
non-government and private agencies. Among others, these are: provincial
government through the PPDO, Office of the Southern Cultural Minorities, Low
Income Upland Communities Project (LIUCP) and the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources.
The LIUCP’s concerns cover the four watershed areas in Oriental Mindoro. One
of these is the Pola Watershed covering 23,309 hectares within the municipalities
of Pinamalayan and Socorro. The LIUCP is considered to be one of the most
active agencies assisting the Mangyans in Pinamalayan. Majority of their
projects are in the sectors of health, education, and social welfare. Tables 5.40
and 5.41 list the accomplished and pipelined projects of the LIUCP, respectively.
Table 5.40 List of Completed Infrastructure Projects, 1990-1999
Type of Project Location
School Building Sabang
Sitio Service Center Tibung Mangyan; Paglagnan; Taytaybunga; Tibung Tagalog; Maria,
Sabang
Road Construction Sabang-Sta. Maria; Sabang-T Kanan; Sabang-T Kaliwa
Road Concreting Taytaybunga; Marayos, Sabang; Tibung Sabang; Tibung Kanan; Tibung
Kaliwa; Sabang
Water System Tibung Tagalog; Paglagnan-Sabang; Taytaybunga; Tibung Mangyan;
Marayos; B. Centro-Sabang
Spillway Paglagnan; Sabang; Marayos; Tibung Kaliwa
River Control Pambisan Malaki
Barangay Latrine Sabang
Multi-Purpose Building Sabang; Marayos
Source: LIUCP, Calapan
5-24
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Following are the development needs among the Indigenous People that must be
addressed in order to facilitate efficient social service delivery to this particular
segment of society:
5-25
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Thirty percent of the crimes committed over the past four years were against
morality and order (30.1%), followed by crimes versus persons (25.8%). More
specifically, it included crimes such as murder, homicide, parricide, physical
injuries and frustrated homicide. The efficiency of crime solution was set at 96.8
percent. Tables 5.42 and 5.43 refer.
Following are the development needs in the protective services sector that must
be addressed in order to facilitate efficient social service delivery:
5-26
Comprehensive Development and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
5-27
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The municipality is traversed by the national road that weaves through the
province. The national highway which cuts across Pinamalayan stretches all the
way from Calapan City in the north to the southern coastal municipality of
Bulalacao. The total road network in Pinamalayan is estimated at 166.13
kilometers. This results to an over-all road density of 0.0060 km./ha. The road
network consists of national, provincial, municipal and barangay roads. Of this
figure, nearly one-tenth (7.8%) is covered by the national road, almost half
(42.7%) are provincial roads, two-fifths (37.2%) municipal and one-fifth (12.3%)
barangay roads (refer to Table 6.1 and Figure 6.1).
6-1
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Registered barangay and irrigation roads are presented in Tables 6.4 and 6.5,
respectively.
6-2
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
6-3
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 6.6 Inventory of Existing Bridges By Type and Location, June 2000
Bridge Length Width Construction Location
(M) (M) Type
1. Lumangbayan - I 24.50 3.50 Concrete Lumangbayan
2. Lumangbayan - II 60.70 3.50 Concrete Lumangbayan
3. Lumangbayan - III 24.50 3.50 Concrete Lumangbayan
4. Kinahulugan 5.70 6.10 Slab Bridge Papandayan
5. Papandayan - I 5.30 6.50 Slab Bridge Papandayan
6. Papandayan - II 6.65 6.80 Slab Bridge Papandayan
7. Quinabigan Bridge 30.00 7.40 Concrete Del Razon Boundary
8. Pambisan Malaki 15.60 6.80 Slab Bridge Pambisan Malaki
9. Sta. Maria 12.60 7.00 Slab Bridge Sta. Maria
10. Maliancog 12.60 6.95 Slab Bridge Maliancog
11. Macanlig - I 30.75 5.00 Slab Bridge Sta. Isabel
12. Macanlig - II 13.20 3.10 Bailey Bridge Sta. Isabel
13. Macanlig - III 16.70 6.20 Concrete Nabuslot
14. Calingag - I 15.50 6.80 Concrete Calingag
15. Calingag - II 15.60 6.70 Concrete Calingag
16. Anoling Spillway 14.70 6.85 Slab Bridge Anoling
17. Sabang 23.60 5.80 Concrete with RCPC Sabang
18. Macanlig - I 24.30 5.30 Concrete with RCPC Sta. Isabel
19 Macanlig - II 35.65 5.30 Concrete with RCPC Sta. Isabel
Source: Municipal Engineer’s Office
6-4
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
6.2.2 Airport
The municipality has two informal ports: one in Barangay Pili and another in
Recodo. The former is operational and is basically used as an alternative port.
Recodo, on the other hand, services fishing and pump boats. This is linked to
the nearby provinces of Marinduque and Romblon.
The development of the Recodo Port has been included in Stage II of the Social
Reform Related Feeder Ports Development Project of the Department of
Transportation and Communication.
Household water supply sources mainly come from deep and shallow wells as
well as springs. Level III water supply is, on the other hand, made available in 16
barangays by the Pinamalayan Water District and other water distribution
systems operated by the barangays (refer to Table 6.9).
Table 6.9 Number of Households Served by Water Source by Barangay, December 1999
Barangay Number Deep Well Shallow Well Develop Spring Level II Level III Doubtful
of HH Source
No. HH No. HH No. HH No. HH No. HH No. HH
Served Served Served Served Served Served
Zone I 530 60 60 470
Zone II 426 426
Zone III 315 315
Zone IV 190 190
Anoling 355 95 95 116 260
Bacungan 222 19 74 93 148
Bangbang 167 38 67 54 100
Banilad 343 8 27 1 316
Buli 212 1 133 1 78
Cacawan 442 217 241 201
Calingag 334 29 81 48 233 1 20
Del Razon 243 77 77 1 166
Guinhawa 292 5 15 277
Inclanay 215 134 215
Lumambayan 414 8 8 406
Malaya 142 23 142
Maliancog 299 3 250 49 49
Maningcol 304 4 50 98 225 1 29
Marayos 229 1 35 6 194
Marfrancisco 740 53 53 1 687
Nabuslot 414 13 15 233 399
6-5
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 6.9 Number of Households Served by Water Source by Barangay, December 1999 (cont.)
Barangay Number Deep Well Shallow Well Develop Spring Level II Level III Doubtful
of HH Source
No. HH No. HH No. HH No. HH No. HH No. HH
Served Served Served Served Served Served
Pagalagala 231 20 42 106 189
Palayan 356 41 43 156 313
Pambisan Malaki 251 18 20 184 231
Pambisan Munti 153 2 79 7 74
Panggulayan 433 30 30 186 403
Papandayan 696 15 15
Pili 478 3 478
Quinabigan 343 100 100 1 243
Ranzo 163 6 120 1 43
Rosario 281 3 91 123 123 1 67
Sabang 573 22 22 3 525 3 124
Sta. Isabel 441 4 4 7 7 188 1 242
Sta. Maria 232 18 53 113 179
Sta. Rita 450 7 44 271 366 40
Sto. Niño 211 1 1 124 210
Wawa 692 37 37 655
Total 12,812 465 1,193 2,614 4,522 2 359 3 438 14 5,185 7 531
Source: Municipal Health Office
Barangays served by Level III water supply include the following: Zones I – IV,
Buli, Cacawan, Guinhawa, Lumangbayan, Marayos, Marfrancisco, Pili, Ranzo,
Sabang, Sta. Isabel, Sta Rita and Wawa. The existing and proposed Level III
distribution networks in the Poblacion are presented in Figure 6.2 and 6.3.
In summary, the most common point source is Level I with 3,079, followed by
Level III (16) and Level II (3). In terms of number of households served, majority
are served by Levels I (5,715 households) and II (5,544 households). Refer to
Table 6.10.
The distribution of consumers per type of connection is shown in the table below.
Of the 2,262 water connections, 87.7 percent were for residential purposes, 11.3
percent for commercial and 1.0 percent for institutional.
The National Water Regulatory Board has granted around 16 water permits for
domestic, fisheries and irrigation use. About 80 percent of the issued permits
were for irrigation purposes. The highest allowed amount of extraction is 3,750
lps which was granted to the National Irrigation Administration (refer to Table
6.12).
6-6
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The rate of water services is shown in Table 6.13. Residential and institutional
water rates range from PhP 6.30 to PhP 8.95 per cubic meter whereas
commercial rates range from PhP 9.50 to as much as 19.85 per cubic meter.
Table 6.13 Water Rates, 1999
Type of Use Size of 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41 - over
Water Pipe
Residential / Institutional ½ 59.40 6.30 7.20 8.05 8.95
¾ 95.05
1” 178.20
Commercial A ½ 89.10 9.50 10.80 13.30 14.95
¾ 142.55
1” 267.30
Commercial B ½ 118.80 12.65 14.40 17.75 19.85
¾ 190.10
1” 356.60
Source: 1999 Annual Report, MPDO
Data from the National Water Regulatory Board present a summary list of the
groundwater projects undertaken in the municipality.
Table 6.14 Groundwater Summary Project, 2000
Ground Well Draw down Spec. Capacity Borehole Depth
Location SWL
Yield (lps) (M) (lps/m) (m)
Calingag 1.57 3.05 2.44 0.180 29.57
Nabuslot 0.94 5.18 2.45 0.640 121.95
Nabuslot 0.31 2.74 0.30 3.130 10.97
Malaya 0.63 18.90 1.57 0.280 21.34
Malaya 0.63 18.29 1.21 0.520 36.54
Marayos 1.26 2.44 0.61 2.070 12.20
Marayos 3.05 305 34.00
Marayos 0.63 4.57 17.68
Pagalagala 0.63 5.49 24.40
Pagalagala II 0.63 1.83 9.15
Pambisan Munti 0.63 11.28 0.91 0.690 17.98
Pambisan Munti 0.32 16.77 0.62 0.520 33.32
Panggulayan 0.63 1.52 0.91 0.690 33.53
Panggulayan 0.94 1.21 1.20 0.780 19.81
Papandayan 0.32 0.91 6.09
Papandayan II 24.40
Papandayan 1.13 3.66 16.77
Pili 0.63 3.35 7.62
Quinabigan 0.63 0.91 5.48
Quinabigan 0.76 15.24
Quinabigan 3.79 1.52 137.20
6-7
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
6.4 Power
Electricity is distributed mainly along major roads such as the national highway
and provincial roads (refer to Figure 6.4). In 1999, the municipality suffered from
insufficient, erratic and low power supply. The perennial brown-outs throughout
the municipality, day or night, had been attributed to either line pole problems
that cause line tripping or mechanical failures experienced by NAPOCOR power
barges located in Puerto Galera and Wawa.
A 7.5 MW Power Plant of the Southern Energy Mobile Incorporated has began
operations in Barangay Papandayan in December 2000. The establishment of
the power plant augments the power supply in Pinamalayan and other
neighboring municipalities.
6-8
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Table 6.16 Inventory of Electrical House Connections, June 1998 and January 2000
Barangay Total Number of House Connections
June 1998 January 2000
1. Zone I – IV 2,569 2,732
2. Anoling 160 199
3. Bacungan 47 52
4. Buli 30 58
5. Cacawan 129 204
6. Calingag 87 100
7. Del Razon 109 120
8. Inclanay 87 101
9. Lumangbayan & Guinhawa 193 238
10. Maningcol 107
11. Marayos 99 111
12. Marfrancisco 585 721
13. Nabuslot 192 235
14. Pagalagala 92 100
15. Palayan 180 213
16. Pambisan Malaki 157 185
17. Pambisan Munti 17
18. Panggulayan 160 721
19. Papandayan 369 441
20. Pili 110 107
21. Quinabigan 201 234
22. Rosario 81 88
23. Sabang 76 107
24. Sta. Isabel 79 96
25. Sta. Maria 96 132
26. Sta. Rita 196 258
27. Sto. Niño 136 146
28. Wawa 329 375
Total 6,549 8,198
Source: Oriental Mindoro Electric Cooperative (ORMECO)
6-9
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Recent surveys of the Municipal Health Office revealed that majority of the
households have sanitary toilets (68.67%). However, one-fourth of the
household population (24.49%) still have no access to sanitary toilets (refer to
Table 6.19).
Table 6.19 Status of Toilet Facilities By Barangay, 2000
Barangay Number of Households Total
With Sanitary With Unsanitary Without Toilets
Toilets Toilets
Zone I 430 7 93 530
Zone II 402 15 9 426
Zone III 302 0 13 315
Zone IV 169 0 21 190
Anoling 313 42 0 355
Bacungan 151 26 45 222
Bangbang 140 10 17 167
Banilad 89 100 154 343
Buli 211 0 0 211
Cacawan 321 11 110 442
Calingag 158 56 120 334
Del Razon 166 18 59 243
Guinhawa 141 0 151 292
Inclanay 126 78 11 215
Lumangbayan 238 0 176 414
Malaya 100 4 38 142
Maliancog 78 0 221 299
Maningcol 88 52 164 304
Marayos 200 29 0 229
Marfrancisco 653 3 84 740
Nabuslot 369 45 0 414
Pagalagala 156 26 49 231
Palayan 291 5 60 356
Pambisan Malaki 110 48 93 251
Pambisan Munti 34 44 75 153
Panggulayan 365 1 67 433
Papandayan 600 0 96 696
Pili 317 0 161 478
Quinabigan 290 0 53 343
Ranzo 79 1 83 163
Rosario 139 11 131 281
Sabang 108 186 279 573
Sta. Isabel 309 8 124 441
Sta. Maria 198 17 17 232
Sta. Rita 332 27 91 450
Sto. Niño 115 8 88 211
Wawa 508 0 184 692
Total 8,796 878 3,137 12,811
Source: Municipal Health Office
6-10
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
A good database for all development sectors should always be regularly updated
and made available. There is a need to attain this level of database
management in order to provide for informed decision-making on the part of local
officials.
There is a need to elicit the support of elected local officials to improve Real
Property Tax (RPT) collection. There is a need to strengthen the coordination
between the municipal treasury and assessment officials. Areas that require
some improvements include: appraisal and assessment, records management,
collection and enforcement.
7-1
Municipal Mayor
Office of the
Municipal Mayor
Development
Admin. & Coor.
Dev’t Planning & Dev’t Mgmt. & Dev’t Eval. & Data
Programming Monitoring Banking
Office of the Office of the Office of the Office of the Office of the Office of the Office of the Municipal Office of the
Municipal Municipal Municipal Municipal Municipal Civil Municipal Social Welfare & Dev’t Municipal Health
Treasurer Accountant Assessor Engineer Registrar Agriculturist Officer Officer
While many of its personnel have undertaken several seminars and other training
courses, these are not designed as part of an integrated local government
capability-building program of the municipality. Some of the training courses
undertaken by officials and rank and file employees are the following: Social
Value Formation, Personnel Management and Development Planning
The Sangguniang Bayan (SB), as the other sector of the municipal government,
likewise deserves assistance and support in order to improve the municipal
legislative processes.
The Municipal Planning and Development Office (MPDO) is the primary office
responsible in local development planning. It acts as the Secretariat of the
Municipal Development Council (MDC) in the identification and prioritization of
major programs. It also serves as the technical arm of the municipal
government.
The duties and functions of the MPDO, as stipulated in the Local Government
Code, are outlined below:
7-3
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Analyze the income and expenditure patterns, and formulate and recommend
fiscal plans and policies for consideration of the finance committee of the
LGU concerned as provided under Title Five, Book II of the Code;
Exercise supervision and control over the Secretariat of the MDC; and
Exercise such other powers and perform such other functions and duties as
may be prescribed by law or ordinance.
7-4
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
ADMINISTRATIVE
STAFF
Clerk II
Messenger
DEVELOPMENT
ADMINISTRATION AND
COORDINATION
Project Development
Officer III
DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING MANAGEMENT AND EVALUATION AND DATA
AND PROGRAMMING MONITORING BANKING
7-5
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
Since RA 7160 was implemented, the municipality has been given more room to
exercise its revenue generating power. This was expressed in Section 142 of the
said law, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991. In addition,
the Code provides that LGUs are entitled to receive Internal Revenue Allocation
(IRA) for the subsidy of some national government functions devolved to them
such as, health, agriculture, environment and natural resources and public works.
As such, the IRA is a part of their revenue.
Mainly, the result of such analysis is to come up with the identification of means
to further support the financial requirements of prospective development projects.
Further, this activity aims to develop a more effective and responsive financial
management system that will allow interventions to increase further financial
resources to sustain day-to-day operations and capital investment needs.
Income
Based on the historical performance for the period of 1995 to 1999 (refer to
Table 7.2), it is shown that the total income of the municipality has almost
doubled from a mere P25.9 million in 1995 to P43.8 million in 1999. However,
Pinamalayan is still very much dependent on external sources for its operation.
On the average, 73 percent of its revenue comes from the Internal Revenue
Allotments (IRA) (refer to Table 7.3). The second ranking source of income in
1997 and 1998 are loans and borrowings, business and local taxes followed by
revenues from economic enterprises. In 1997, the municipality obtained a loan
from the Philippine National Bank (PNB) to purchase heavy equipment.
Table 7.2 Historical Incomes, 1995-1999
Income 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Real Property Taxes 1,098,190 1,357,400 1,437,231 1,307,721 1,495,229
Business / Local Taxes 1,448,920 1,923,163 2,318,881 2,992,916 3,837,033
Revenue for Economic Enterprises 1,661,390 1,757,098 1,630,114 1,883,540 2,662,154
Fees / Charges 370,963 489,435 450,073 507,606 566,091
Loans / Borrowings - - 3,609,200 1,390,800 -
Other Receipt 622,464 1,083,617 1,776,410 1,830,974 1,167,594
Allotments 18,125,653 19,639,908 24,852,143 27,239,926 34,114,281
National Aids 2,661,974 - - - -
Total Income 25,989,554 26,250,623 36,074,052 37,153,483 43,842,382
Source: Office of the Municipal Accountant
7-6
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The percentage share of Real Property Tax (RPT) to the total income of the
municipality has been decreasing from 1996 to 1999. Likewise, the performance
trends of the other revenue sources are fluctuating.
Table 7.3 Percentage Shares of Income , 1995-1999
Income 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Real Property Taxes 4.2 5.2 4.0 3.5 3.4
Business / Local Taxes 5.6 7.3 6.4 8.1 8.8
Revenue for Econ Ent. 6.4 6.7 4.5 5.1 6.0
Fees / Charges 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.4 1.3
Loans / Borrowings - - 10.0 3.7 -
Other Receipt 2.4 4.1 4.9 4.9 2.7
Allotments 69.8 74.8 68.9 73.3 77.8
National Aids 10.2 - - - -
Total Income 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Office of the Municipal Accountant
Expenditures
With minimum fluctuations, capital outlay increased by 6.6 percent from 1996 to
1997. A substantial drop was observed in capital expenditures during the last
two years. On the other hand, expenses for the operation of Economic
Enterprises rose from six percent to over 17 percent of the total. Tables 7.4 and
7.5 refer.
7-7
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The municipality has a zoning ordinance, which was enacted in 1983. Like its
Land Use Plan, it has long since been overrun by developments as evidenced by
the degree of actual deviations from the stipulated use per district. The 1983
General Zoning Map and Urban Zoning Map are shown Figures 7.3 and 7.4
respectively.
The zoning ordinance explicitly provides that it should serve the following
purposes:
3. Promote and protect the health, safety, peace, comfort, convenience and
general welfare of the inhabitants in the locality;
6. Regulate the location and use of buildings and lands in such manner as to
obviate the danger to public safety caused by undue interference with
existing or prospective traffic movements on streets and thoroughfares.
The ordinance divides Pinamalayan into six zones, which includes the following:
built-up, agricultural, forest land, industrial, swamps, marshes and fishponds.
The Built-up zones are concentrated within Zones I to IV of the Poblacion and
extending to adjacent barangays, Sta. Rita, Cacawan and Marfrancisco.
Developments are designated along the major national and provincial roads.
The agriculture zone includes areas reserved for the cultivation, growing of
staple crops, diversified plants and trees and the establishment of agricultural
research and experimentation facilities and other customary support facilities.
Agriculture is the predominant zone in the municipality with almost all barangays
covered for agricultural use.
The Forest Conservation Zone consists of areas that the Bureau of Forestry
Development, the National Parks and Building Office and other appropriate
national agencies of the government shall so designate. These shall be used
and developed subject to such rules and regulations as shall be promulgated by
the appropriate national agencies. Forestlands are confined in Barangays
Sabang, Ranzo, Banilad and Guinhawa.
Industrial zones were also delineated in the 1983 Zoning Map. Two sites were
earmarked for industrial purposes. The first industrial site is 21 hectares located
within the boundaries of Maningcol, Papandayan and Sta. Rita. The second site
is confined within Barangay Pili and has an area of 50 hectares.
7-8
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
The ordinance follows the exclusionary Euclidean model where a long list of
“uses allowed by right” is provided. The mixture of varying uses is discouraged
following the argument that different land uses are inherently incompatible thus
requiring spatial segregation. It is also pyramidal in nature where “lower order
uses” (high density/intensity) are assumed to have detrimental effects to “higher
order uses” (low density/intensity) thus discouraging the mingling of activities.
Mixture of activities, when allowed, is intra-zonal and not inter zonal and is a one
–way affair. Low density residential can go to high-density residential but not
vice versa. Commercial activities are not readily allowed into residential areas.
One of the inefficiencies of the model is that it does not consider the fact that
regulating offices seldom control land use decisions.
The ordinance also has detailed height and area regulations especially for
residential areas. These regulations focus on building heights, lot sizes and
building footprints. There are also general regulations which are sometimes
vague as in providing that “all traffic generating buildings have to provide
adequate parking” without defining what traffic generating buildings are and how
much adequate parking is. These provisions are oftentimes violated, especially
those pertaining to minimum lot sizes.
7-9
Comprehensive Development Plan and
Land Use Plan of Pinamalayan
Final Report
7-10