de Leon V de Leon-Reyes
de Leon V de Leon-Reyes
ChanRobles On-Line
Bar Review
SECOND DIVISION
DECISION
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9/12/2020 G.R. No. 205711, May 30, 2016 - PEDRO DE LEON, Petitioner, v. NENITA DE LEON-REYES, JESUS REYES, MYETH REYES AND JE…
BRION, J.:
Antecedents
Lecture Series
chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
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Ruling of the CA
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Our Ruling
IN THEIR CAPACITIES
WHEREFORE, in the meantime that the
AS MANDAUE
Protest is pending with the Bureau of
BRADFORD CHURCH
Land[s], this case is dismissed without
COUNCIL MEMBERS;
prejudice.
MANDAUE BRADFORD
CHURCH; AND
The Counterclaims are likewise dismissed.
UNITED CHURCH OF
CHRIST IN THE
SO ORDERED, (Emphasis supplied)
PHILIPPINES, INC.,
Respondents.
While the fallo of the RTC's decision reads:
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REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES, WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing, the
ENVIRONMENT AND
NATURAL RESOURCES SO ORDERED, [emphases supplied,
MANILA, Petitioner, v.
AMOR HACHERO AND
As Pedro himself admits, the MCTC's dismissal of
THE REGISTER OF
Nenita's ejectment case was based on the pendency of
DEEDS OF PALAWAN,
his protest before the Bureau of Lands. While the Courts
Respondents.
may appear to have passed upon the issue of prior
physical possession, the fallo clearly shows that the
G.R. No. 201289,
dismissal was not made based on the merits of the case.
May 30, 2016 -
When a conflict exists between the dispositive portion (or
SPOUSES ROLANDO
the fallo) and the opinion of the court in the body of the
AND SUSIE GOLEZ,
decision, the former must prevail.34 chanrobleslaw
Petitioners, v. HEIRS
OF DOMINGO
Ultimately, the MCTC's dismissal cannot produce the
BERTULDO, NAMELY:
effect of conclusiveness of judgment. In Spouses Antonio
ERINITA BERTULDO-
BERNALES, v. Sayman35 we clearly explained the concept of res
BERTULDO,
DOMINADOR
The principle of res judicata is applicable by
BERTULDO, RODEL
way of (1) "bar by prior judgment" and (2)
BERTULDO AND
"conclusiveness of judgment." This Court had
ROGER BERTULDO,
occasion to explain the difference between
HEREIN
these two aspects of res judicata as follows:
REPRESENTED BY
THEIR CO-HEIR AND
There is "bar by prior judgment" when, as
chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
DULY APPOINTED
between the first case where the judgment
ATTORNEY-IN-FACT,
was rendered and the second case that is
ERINITA BERNALES,
sought to be barred, there is identity of
Respondents.
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9/12/2020 G.R. No. 205711, May 30, 2016 - PEDRO DE LEON, Petitioner, v. NENITA DE LEON-REYES, JESUS REYES, MYETH REYES AND JE…
chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
A.C. No. 10373 Upon compliance with the conditions of Sec. 48 (b) of
[Formerly CBD Case the PLA, the possessor is deemed to have acquired, by
No. 08-2280], May operation of law, right to a grant over the land. For all
31, 2016 - FLORA C. legal intents and purposes, the land is segregated from
COMMISSION ON
ELECTIONS, Sec. 44. Any natural-born citizen of the
LOUIS NAPOLEON C. the real estate tax thereon while the same
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EDILBERTO M. BAJAO,
GERARDO O. PLAZA,
Unless it can be shown that the land subject of a free
ISABELITA MULIG,
patent had previously acquired a private character,
EDNA ABEJAY,
regular courts would have no power to conclusively
MARCELO DONAN,
resolve conflicting claims of ownership or possession
NENITA O. VARQUEZ,
dejure owing to the public character of the land.48 The
MERLYN ALVAREZ,
Director of Lands (ultimately, the DENR Secretary), not
EDNA EXCLAMADOR,
the court, has jurisdiction to determine, as between two
AND CESAR MONSON,
or more applicants for a free patent, who has
Petitioner, v.
satisfactorily met the requirements of the law for the
MARGARITO C.
AUGUIS AND issuance of a free patent.49 The court has no jurisdiction
BASNIG,
Respondents. In this case, Pedro failed to prove that the subject land
had attained a private character; as the CA observed,
G.R. No. 217680, Pedro's complaint in Civil Case No. 02-20 failed to even
May 30, 2016 - FELIX allege that the subject lands were private lands or
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9/12/2020 G.R. No. 205711, May 30, 2016 - PEDRO DE LEON, Petitioner, v. NENITA DE LEON-REYES, JESUS REYES, MYETH REYES AND JE…
G.R. No. 205711, 1945.52 Pedro's failure to prove the private character of
May 30, 2016 - the subject lands divests the regular courts of
PEDRO DE LEON, jurisdiction to resolve his claim of ownership thereon.
Petitioner, v. NENITA The courts may not usurp the authority of the Director of
DE LEON-REYES, Lands and of the DENR to dispose of lands of the public
JESUS REYES, MYETH domain through administrative proceedings under the
REYES AND JENNETH
PLA.53 chanrobleslaw
REYES, Respondents.
of.56 chanrobleslaw
SO ORDERED. chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
Endnotes:
1Rollo, p. 38.
2 Id. at 62.
5Rollo, p. 63.
6 Id. at 70.
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protest.14 chanrobleslaw
forgery.18 chanrobleslaw
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evidence.20 chanrobleslaw
negligence.21 chanrobleslaw
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7 Id. at 72.
8 Id. at 74.
9 Id. at 43.
10 Id. at 78.
11 Id. at 84.
12 Id at 48.
13 Id. at 43.
14 Id. at 57.
15 Id at 45.
16 Id at 43, 93.
17 Id at 41.
18 Id. at 47
19 Id at 50.
20 Id. at 98.
21 Id. at 99.
22 Id. at 54.
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26 Id. at 59.
29 Id. at 17.
30 Id. at 76.
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conclusion.
32Rollo, p. 50.
2. By sale;
4. By confirmation of imperfect or
incomplete titles:
41 Id.
44 Id. at 3555.
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48 Id. at 199-200.
50Rollo, p. 54.
51 Id.
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Property Registration
Decree.
(a) Patrimonial
property is private
property of the
government. The
person acquires
ownership of
patrimonial property
by prescription under
the Civil Code is
entitled to secure
registration thereof
under Section 14(2) of
the Property
Registration Decree.
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[Emphasis supplied]
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xxxx
a.
chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary Under the
Constitutions regalian
doctrine, classification
is a required step
whose full import
should be given full
effect and recognition;
giving legal effect to
possession prior to
classification runs
counter to the regalian
doctrine.
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absurdity argument
misplaced.
e. The alleged
absurdity of the law
addresses the wisdom
of the law and is a
matter for the
Legislature, not for this
Court, to address.
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540;
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