Hand Power Tools PDF

Describe the safety precautions that needs to be taken while,
-Operating any Power Tools and Equipment’s

1. Loose clothing or jewelry should never be worn while using machinery, as there is a risk that it may
become caught in moving parts. For the same reason, long hair should always be tied back and covered
with a hair net or safety cap. Personal protective equipment should be provided and worn as required by
the Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels
2. Only those competent to use equipment should do so. New recruits should always be trained in the
proper use of any equipment they are required to use.
3. Incorrect use of tools and equipment can cause accidents, as well as damage to the equipment in
question. Instructions for use should always be consulted and followed, where they are available.
4. When not in use equipment should be stowed in a tidy and correct manner. Any cutting edges should
be protected.
Hand tools
1. Damaged or worn tools should not be used, and cutting edges should be kept sharp and clean.
Repair and dressing of tools should be carried out by a competent person.
2. Wherever practicable, a tool in use should be directed away from the body, so that if it slips it
does not cause injury. However, when using a spanner more control is gained by pulling towards
the body. When using a tool with a cutting edge, both hands should be kept behind the blade.
3. A chisel is best held between thumb and base of index finger with thumb and fingers straight,
palm of hand facing towards the hammer blow.
4. A saw should not be forced through the material being cut, it should be pushed with a light, even
movement.
5. Hand all tools with utmost care so that they come handy when you require them always store the
tools back in place after the use.
6. When using screwdrivers do not hold the piece you are working on such that the screwdriver
penetrates into your palm.
7. When working aloft tools to be carried in container, lanyard is being placed
8. Do not carry tools in pocket use tool belt.
9. Always use rope for hoisting & lowering the tools.
Portable power operated tools and equipment

1 Power operated equipment may be dangerous unless properly maintained, handled and used and should
only be used by competent persons. The flexible cables of electric tools should comply with the relevant
British or International Standard. Before work begins, personnel should ensure that power supply leads
and hoses are in good condition, laid safely clear of all potentially damaging obstructions and do not
obstruct safe passage. Where they pass through doorways, the doors should be secured open.
2 The risk of electric shock is increased by perspiration and locations which are damp, humid or have
large conductive surfaces. In such conditions power tools should be operated from low voltage supplies -
i.e. no more than 50 volts AC with a maximum of 30 volts to earth or 50 volts DC.
3 Where it is not practicable to use low voltages, other precautions such as a local isolating transformer
supplying one appliance only or a high sensitivity earth leakage circuit breaker (also known as a residual
current device) should be used.
4 The risk associated with portable electric tools also applies to portable electric lamps. The supply to
these should not exceed 24 volts.
5 Double insulated tools are not recommended for use on ships because water can provide a contact
between live parts and the casing, increasing the risk of a fatal shock. An earth leakage circuit breaker
may also fail to operate when used with such tools as there may be no earth wire in the power supply
cable fitted to the tool
6 Chain linkages or similar devices should be fitted between sections of pneumatic hose to prevent whip-
lash in the event of breakage. Alternatively, safety valves can be used which close off the lines.
7 Accessories and tool pieces (drill bit, chisel etc.) should be absolutely secure in the tool. In particular,
retaining springs, clamps, locking levers and other built-in safety devices on pneumatic tools should be
replaced after the tool piece is changed. Accessories and tool pieces should not be changed while the tool
is connected to a source of power.
8 Correct safety guards should be securely fixed to appliances requiring them and should be checked for
security before starting any operation. Such guards should only be removed when the equipment is not
operating. If removal whilst operating is essential for maintenance or examination of the equipment, the
following precautions should be taken:
• removal should be authorised by a responsible person, and only a competent person should carry out the
work or examination;
• there should be adequate clear space and lighting for the work to be done;
• anyone working close to the machinery should be told what the risks are and instructed in a safe system
of work and precautions to take;
• a warning notice should be conspicuously posted.
9 During temporary interruptions to work e.g. meal breaks, and on completion of a task, equipment
should be isolated from power sources and left safely or stowed away correctly.
10 Where a work operation causes high noise levels, hearing protection should be worn. Where flying
particles may be produced, the face and eyes should be protected
11 The vibration caused by reciprocating tools (pneumatic drills, hammers, chisels etc) or high speed
rotating tools can give rise to a permanent disablement of the hands known as “dead” or “white” fingers.
In its initial stages, this appears as a numbness of the fingers and an increasing sensitivity to cold, but in
more advanced stages, the hands become blue and the fingertips swollen. Workers subject to the
symptoms described should not use such equipment. Other workers should be advised not to use them for
more than 30 minutes without a break, unless the risk assessment
indicates a lesser period of use
-Operating Paint Spraying Equipment

Use of Paint Spraying Equipment
1 As there are many different types of paint spraying equipment in use, operatives should comply with
the manufacturer’s instructions for use.
2 Airless spray-painting equipment is particularly hazardous since the paint is ejected at a very high
pressure and can penetrate the skin or cause serious eye injuries. Spray should not be allowed to come
into contact with the face or unprotected skin.
3 Suitable protective clothing such as a combination suit, gloves, cloth hood, and eye protection should
be worn during spraying.
4 Paints containing lead, mercury or similarly toxic compounds should not be sprayed in interiors.
5 A suitable respirator should be worn according to the nature of the paint being sprayed. In exceptional
circumstances it may be necessary to use breathing apparatus.
6 If a spray nozzle clogs, the trigger of the gun should be locked in a closed position before any attempt is
made to clear the blockage.
7 Before a blocked spray nozzle is removed or any other dismantling is attempted, pressure should be
relieved from the system.
8 When blowing through a reversible nozzle to remove a blockage, all parts of the body should be kept
clear of the nozzle mouth.
9 The pressure in the system should not exceed the recommended working pressure of the hose. The
system should be regularly inspected for defects.
10 As an additional precaution against the hazards of a hose bursting, a loose sleeve, for example a length
of 2 to 3 meters (6 to 10 feet) of old air hose, may be slipped over that portion of the line adjacent to the
gun and paint container.
Demonstrate the use of various power tools such as pneumatic/Electrical
chipping and de-scaling tools and precautions needed.
What is Chipping? Tools, Precautions & Protection
Rust Scale removal by chipping, hammering, scaling and painting constitute the major portion of hull
maintenance and requires labour and costs. It is important to do chipping properly not to allow rust again
in the place where chipping was carried out once.
It is better not to remove rust than chipping halfway through
What is Chipping?
The removal of weld spatter, rust, or old paint from ironwork using a hammer and cold chisel is called
chipping.
Chipping Tools
Air Hammer
Air Disc Sander
Air Chisel (Jet needle chisel type)
Chipping hammer
Scraper
Wire Brush
1. Precautions before chipping
2. Has the Pre-meeting or Toolbox meeting carried out?
3. Is proper Personal Protective Equipment worn by the seaman?
4. Are the instruments, tools, and hoses being used not damaged?
5. Do the tools function properly?
6. Is the surface washed with fresh water and then sufficiently dried?
7. Salt, in particular, contributes to the peeling of paintwork. Once the flaking of paint stats, it is
troublesome to restore the situation. It is ideal to wash with fresh water pressurized to 50-100
kg/cm2 if such a facility is furnished onboard.
8. Are proper scaffoldings and lighting provided?
Precautions during chipping
1. Consideration should be given so that the same person may not use the same instrument for a long
time, e.g. one should take different postures by shifting in sequence from one type of job to
another e.g. use of an air hammer, sweeping of the place where chipping was carried out and the
use of an air sander.
2. A sufficient distance from other workers should always be maintained, and no work should be
done in the direction where rust particles may fly.
3. Never forget lubricating air-driven tools. It advertises itself by heating immediately when it runs
short of oil.
4. The paper for the disk sander should be replaced after disconnecting the universal coupling as a
safety precaution.
5. Small rust scale should be removed by using a disc sander or cupped wire brush. The surface must
not be damaged by using an air hammer unnecessarily.
Precautions after chipping

6. The adjoining area which was sanded with a disc sander should be cleaned thoroughly of iron
powder which will adhere to it and turn it to rust red with the lapse of time.
7. The steel section damaged by chipping tends to rust very easily, compatible painting should be
applied with sufficient coats and thickness.
8. Lubricate the working parts by supplying a few drops of oil to pneumatic tools.
*Places where small rust has begun to form because of a thin coat (insufficient thickness), should be re-
coated rather than scaling to a film thickness of at least 350 microns.
On Tanker ships, the process of chipping as mentioned in company’s SMS may require a Cold
Work and/or a Hot Work Permit.
Personal Protective Equipment
Excellent personal protective equipment is available abundantly but still, there are many cases of
mishaps, surveys have revealed that many injuries are attributable to not using the protectors.
Chipping Goggles
Especially for chipping tasks, it is very important to protect your eyes. In working under the scorching
sun, the lens of goggles tends to get blurred due to sweat. Even “anti-dim’ processing is not helpful in this
matter. The accident often occurs that iron rust sticks an eye of the worker who wears sunglasses instead
of goggles to prevent blurring due to sweat. Flying of iron chips in using a disc sander is very dangerous.
They may not directly attack the user but may come in the eye of another worker even when he is
wearing goggles. A person in charge must give advice about the procedure of the work, checking the
condition of the entire workplace.
It is important to make it a rule to ‘correctly wear complete protectors’

• Prepare an eye wash with 1% to 2% boric acid solution so that the workers can wash their eyes at any
time.
• When the foreign matter comes into seaman’s eye, do not rub the eye but wash it. Rubbing the eye does
not remove the foreign matter at all.
• If the injury is slight, blink your eye in water and use eye ointment.
Dust mask
General gauze mask is used for a hygienic purpose and not for dust Prevention. To work in a highly dusty
place, you shall wear a dust mask. Fine particles of 0.1 to 5 micron in size are dangerous to human lungs.
10 micron or larger particle hardly come in our lung and therefore is not so problematic. Gauze mask is
sufficient when air hammer or air chisel (multi-needle) type is used.
Earplugs
There are two types of earplugs for noise prevention while working:
1. to cut low and high frequencies of noise

2. to cut only high-frequency noise while allowing the low frequency to pass through
For deck department jobs, chipping work needs earplugs. Various earplugs are available which differ in
material and shape. Use one which fits your cars. Especially when air hammer is used to emit high noise,
wearing both earplug and earmuff is highly effective with it.
Vibration-Proofing Gloves
When a device which strongly vibrates is being used, such as air hammer, wearing vibration-proofing
gloves is very effective. However, most important thing is that you do not use such device for a long
time.
Keep things in order
Keeping workplaces and tool stores in order is important not only for increasing work efficiency but also
for preventing accidents. Arrangements shall be done by responsible personnel but keeping in order is
very important and shall be done by all workers.
 Put tools in specified places so that they can easily be taken out.
 Protectors and detectors shall be stored so that they can rapidly be used on an emergency.
 Unnecessary facilities shall be removed, unnecessary goods be early disposed of.

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Describe the safety precautions that needs to be taken while,

-Operating any Power Tools and Equipment’s

Portable power operated tools and equipment

-Operating Paint Spraying Equipment

Air Disc Sander

Air Chisel (Jet needle chisel type)

Precautions after chipping

It is important to make it a rule to ‘correctly wear complete protectors’

1. to cut low and high frequencies of noise

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