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Technical-Vocational and Livelihood: (Automotive Servicing NC I)
Technical-Vocational and Livelihood: (Automotive Servicing NC I)
Technical-Vocational
and Livelihood
(Automotive Servicing NC I)
Module 3
Applying Appropriate
Sealant/Adhesive
Technical Vocational and Livelihood (Automotive Servicing) – Grade 9-11
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
First Edition, 2020
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Technical-Vocational
and Livelihood
(Automotive Servicing NC I)
Quarter 1 – Module 3
Aplying Appropriate
Sealant/Adhesive
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
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What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the prepare surface for sealant/adhesive application. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
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What I Know
Activity 1:
Directions: Read and understand each statement carefully, Write your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
Test A. Identify the different types of PPE as described in each number. Choose the
letter of your answer from the choices given inside the box.
Step 5
1. Scrape away as much of the old caulk as you can with a sharp razor blade. Push
the razor away from you, being careful not to scratch into the finish on the metal.
2. Allow the area to dry completely before re-caulking.
3. Make a thick paste by mixing powdered abrasive cleaner with water. Apply this
directly to the caulk. It will not harm the metal but may harm other neighboring
materials.
4. Wet the area thoroughly and scrub with a nylon dish scrubber or medium bristle
brush. Avoid metal scrubbers as these will scratch your surface.
5. Scrub thoroughly with the abrasive cleaner and your nylon scrubber to remove
the rest of the silicone. Rinse the area thoroughly.
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Test C. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in your activity
notebook.
11. Which of the following is used to remove the gasket residue before a new is
installed?
A. Epoxy
B. Scraper
C. Sealant
D. Urethane
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What’s In
Directions: Enumerate the five (5) tools and materials needed in preparing surface
materials for adhesive sealant application. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
What’s New
5. Silicone glue comes in different sized tubes and can be applied directly to the
wood.
What is It
For Metal
The bonding surface of the silicone sealant must be clean, dry, and free from any
contaminants.
Procedures:
Step1: Remove old sealant/adhesive from metal surface by
using gasket scraper.
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Step 2: Use cloth cleaning rags after removing the
sealant/adhesive by scraping.
Step 3: Make sure that the metal surface is well cleaned and
free from dust
to achieve right sealant/adhesion.
Step 5: Wear proper PPE when handling sealant to avoid any direct contact
to your skin there are some sealant that is irritable to skin.
For Plastics
Plastic surfaces must be clean, dry, and free of contaminants prior to the
application of silicone sealant. These substrates must be cleaned using the two-
cloth cleaning method described previously within this document. Preventing oily
fingerprints from being introduced onto these substrates is an important
precaution to maintain cleanliness and create an ideal surface for the sealant to
develop adhesion to.
Procedures:
Step 2: Sand the surface. To create a rough surface for the glue to
bond to, sand the plastic with 120 to 200 grit sandpaper. Steel
wool or emery cloth will also work, but remember it only needs
to be rubbed briefly. To make your life easier, the Loctite two-
part plastic bonding system has an activator that helps
roughen the surface.
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Step 4: Mix components if required. Two-part epoxies or adhesives
are durable, but they need some preparations. Read your
product’s instructions carefully for blend ratios. Mix as directed
to activate the adhesive.
Step 3: Abrading the non-glass surface with 180 to 220 grit abrasive
followed by a solvent wipe will improve the bond. Suitable
solvents include 3M Adhesive Remover, IPA (Isopropyl alcohol)
and acetone.
Step 1: Sand the wood until it is very smooth. Sand the entire surface
with hand sander or an electric to get rid of rough areas and
imperfections. If your wood sanding with a rough sandpaper
with a grit of 100 or 120.
Warning: Wear a dust mask while you are sanding to avoid inhaling
wood particles.
Step 2: Remove any entire surface several times. This will help you
avoid getting wood particles stuck in your sealant, which will
create an imperfect surface
Step 3: Stain the wood to change the color or to highlight the grain, if
desired. Apply the stain before you apply your sealant so that it
is able to soak into the surface.
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Step 4: Use a stain and sealant combo to complete your project quickly. These
products allow you to apply colorant and create a water-resistance surface
at the same time.
1. Scraper
2. Shop towel
3. Cleaning rags
4. Sealant adhesive
5. Scriber
Step 1: Used PPE gloves, googles if necessary there are adhesive sealant can
irritate skin.
Step 2: Remove the gasket residue using gasket scraper before a new gasket is
installed. Gasket residue needs to be removed so the new gasket can be
placed onto the engine block smoothly.
Step 3: Clean the surface free of moisture, dust, and other foreign matters before
applying sealant/adhesive for the effective adhesion or seal.
Step 4: Identify the appropriate sealant/adhesive that is fit to used
Step 5: Always read the sealant/adhesive precaution before using.
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How to Apply Glass Sealant?
Step 1: First, if you aren’t sure where water is entering, you will
want to identify the leak. Use a garden hose to go around
the edge of the windshield and gasket, testing small areas
and looking for signs of water.
Step 3: If there are any visible signs of corrosion or rust around the leak, you
will want to treat that area. To temporarily fix the rust problem, it
should be sanded and cleaned.
Step 4: Cut the tip of the windshield and glass sealant tube at an angle to allow
only a small flow of silicone gel.
Step 5: Insert the now open tip into the gap where the windshield has been
leaking. Gently squeeze the tube and apply enough sealant to fill the
gap until the gel is level with the windshield glass and frame.
Step6: Allow the windshield glass sealant to dry for 10-15 minutes. Then,
remove the tape from around the glass and windshield frame. It’s
important to pull all of the tape off before the silicone dries completely.
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Applying sealant/Adhesive for plastic
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Procedures:
Step 1: Use sand paper to smooth the surface and remove minor
imperfection.
Step 2 – Apply Silicone Glue
Silicone glue comes in different sized tubes and can be
applied directly to the wood. Bigger sized tubes fit perfectly
in caulk guns to better facilitate the process, especially if you
are working on a large area.
Step 2: Wet the area thoroughly and scrub with a nylon dish
scrubber or medium bristle brush. Avoid metal scrubbers as
these will scratch your surface.
Step 4: Scrub thoroughly with the abrasive cleaner and your nylon
scrubber to remove the rest of the silicone. Rinse the area
thoroughly.
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Removing excess sealant/adhesive in plastic surface:
Step 1: Set a hair dryer to low and aim it at the plastic surface for
five to 10 minutes. It does not always work, but if there is
only a small amount of dried glue, you might get lucky. Give
the hair dryer enough time to melt the glue and then rub off
the rest with your hand.
Step 2: Soak a cotton ball in vegetable oil, or any type of oil that you
have on hand. Eucalyptus oil works great, but so do some
beauty products that contain oil such as Skin So Soft. The
oil breaks down the dried glue and helps it slide off easily.
Step 3: Apply the cotton ball to the surface of the plastic and rub it
around to coat the entire spot. You may also want to apply a
liberal coating to the edges of the dried glue, which lets it
soak underneath the glue. Let this sit for at least an hour
and overnight if you have the time.
Step 4: Remove as much of the oil from the plastic as possible with
paper towels. Rub the plastic roughly with the towels and
the glue should slide right off. If you notice that any pieces
are still stuck to the plastic, apply a little pressure with the
edge of your fingernail to gently lift it off.
Step 5: Wash the item using warm, soapy water and dishwashing detergent. It's
helpful to use detergent with grease cutting abilities since this removes any
traces of the oil left behind. Once the item dries, you will find no trace of
the dried glue or oil.
Tip: Try using a product specifically designed to remove adhesive such as Goo
Gone. Alternatively, you can use hand sanitizer. Just apply the hand sanitizer
directly to the plastic until it coats the glue and then scrape it off with your
fingernail or a small butter knife.
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Removing Excess Sealant/Adhesive from Glass
Procedures:
Step 1: Scrape off stubborn glues: Scrape the residue from the
glass using a plastic scraper, razor blade, or utility knife. Use
a smooth motion, careful not to slice the glass.
Step 3: Steel wool: Soak steel wool in soapy water and rub the
glue.
Use firm pressure, but take caution not to scratch the glass
surround and beneath. Removing dried glue from glass that
is already dried is trickier to remove than wet glue, but
similar methods can be applied.
Step 1: Remove any loose bits of caulk. Pull off as much caulk as
you can with your fingers.
Step 2: Warm up the caulk with a hair dryer or a heat gun to soften
it. Be careful not to overheat and damage the finish on the
wood.
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Step 3: Use a sharp razor blade to slice out the caulk. Hold the blade
at a low angle so as not to puncture or scratch the wood.
Slice large flaps in the caulk and grab hold of them with your
fingers to pull and remove good size chunks of caulk.
Step 4: Use caulk remover to further soften the caulk if you continue
to have difficulty removing. Test a small amount of the
remover on the wood first to make sure that it will not
damage the finish.
Step 5: Rub off last lingering chunks of caulk with a damp rag.
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Adhesives and sealants come in different forms. They can pose safety risks to
workers in the form of fires and explosions, or health risks due to their chemical
properties. Recommended use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
4. Apron and Tyvek suit are used to protect your skin and
clothing from contamination.
5. Once goggles are in place, position face shield over face and
secure on brow with headband.
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Waste Disposal
Hygiene
Do not store or consume any food or drink in designated chemical storage areas or
in an area where adhesives are handled or used.
Certain adhesives emit dust or toxic vapors which can be a health hazard. Refer to
the Safety Data Sheet for personal protective equipment requirements such as dust
masks, respirators, protective clothing, eye protection and/or adequate ventilation.
Attend to spillages of any type immediately. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet on
spillage procedures. Generally, an inert material can be used
to soak up the spillage, which can then be placed in a
suitably closed container for safe disposal.
Warning: Aerosol packages are pressurized and must not be punctured unless all
internal pressure has been relieved.
Storage
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Usage
Avoid contact with the skin. Removal of adhesives from the skin
should be done with suitable antiseptic cleaning agents rather
than straight solvents. When handling low-viscosity adhesives,
suitably approved goggles or face shields should be worn to
protect the eyes from splashes.
Powder adhesives
Some powder adhesives may contain caustic or acidic material. Approved eye
protective goggles must be worn when handling these products.
Polyurethane Sealants
• Reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates, a
type of plasticizer
• Cancer and asthma from isocyanates, chemicals that
function as a building block of polyurethane
• Cancer and gene damage from solvent
• Reproductive harm and endocrine disruptor from
solvent
• Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a colorant
and a filler material
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MS Polyether Sealants
• Bioaccumulation toxin from UV stabilizer and
catalyst
• Reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates, a
type of plasticizer
• Cancer from silica filler material
• Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a colorant
and a filler material
Butyl Caulks
• Cancer from silica filler material
• Cancer and gene damage from solvent
• Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a
colorant and a filler material
Silicone Sealants
• Bioaccumulation toxin and endocrine disruptor
from materials used to make silicone and a
catalyst
chemical
• Reproductive and developmental harm as a by-
product of curing (or drying process) and from
solvent
• Cancer from solvent
• Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a
colorant
and a filler material
• Developmental and endocrine disruptor from solvent
Acrylic Latex Sealant
• Reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates,
a type of plasticizer
• Cancer from silica filler material
• Cancer and gene damage from solvent
• Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a
colorant and a filler material
• Asthma from pH adjuster
Categories of Sealants
The majority of construction and caulks in use today fall into one of six chemical
categories:
• One-component spray foam (SPF);
• One-component moisture-cured polyurethane sealants;
• MS polyether sealants;
• One-component silicone sealants;
• Solvent-based butyl caulks; and
• Acrylic latex caulks.
After a thorough study of company literature and other available information,
the Healthy Building Network determined that the most toxic sealant among the
six types examined is the one-component spray polyurethane foam, which is laden
with isocyanates (at 30 percent by weight on average) and a chlorinated flame
retardant (10 percent by weight).
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The two most commonly used isocyanates—Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate
(MDI) and Toluene Diisocyanates (TDI)—can cause cancer and asthma. They
serve to activate the process to create the foam and produce the final
sealant/insulating product onsite during application.
Meanwhile, TCPP—the flame retardant in SPF—is a persistent bioaccumulative
toxin—meaning it never breaks down in the environment and builds up
concentration in humans and animals. Though regulators have not yet restricted
TCPP, the chemical is structurally similar to other chlorinated flame retardants
that are recognized carcinogens, mutagens, reproductive and developmental toxins,
neurotoxins and endocrine disruptors.
Sealants and Their Toxins
What’s More
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write in your activity
notebook.
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3. Which of the following sealant has reproductive harm and asthma from
phthalates, a type of plasticizer
A. Latex Sealant
B. Anaerobic
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Epoxy Acrylic
Activity 3: Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write in your
activity notebook.
3. What type of sealant has reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates, a type
of plasticizer?
A. Acrylic latex sealant
B. Anaerobic
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Epoxy
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4. Which of the following is a type of hazardous sealant that has titanium dioxide,
both a colorant and a filler material?
A. Acrylic
B. Butyl Caulks
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Epoxy
5. What is the most toxic sealant among the six types examined?
A. Acrylic
B. Anaerobic
C. Caulks
D. Spray Polyurethane
What I Can Do
Guide Questions:
Organizational The essay The essay The essay The essay The essay
of Ideas contains a contains 1- contains 3-4 contains 5- contains 7
logical 2 sentences sentences 6 sentences and more
organization which are which are are which sentences
of ideas not not properly are not which are
properly organized,. properly not properly
organized. organized. organized.
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Assessment
Directions: Read and understand each question carefully. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
Test B. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
6.What sealant remains flexible after curing, and have elastic bases?
A. Adhesive
B. Flexible sealant
C. Sealant
D. Surface material
7. Which of the choices is used to remove the gasket residue before a new gasket is
installed?
A. Epoxy
B. Sealant
CE. Urethane
A. Scrapper
D
8. Which sealant glue has different sized tubes and can be applied directly to the
wood?
A. Epoxy
B. Silicon glue
C. Hardening types
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D. Non Hardening types
21
9. Which sealant is cure or set up firm?
A. Anaerobic
B. Cyanoacrylate
C. Epoxy
D. Epoxy Rigid
10. Which type of sealant has variety of backing and adhesives-usually in pressure
sensitive or solvent – activated adhesive-backs self –sticking tapes are also
made?
A. Anaerobic
B. Epoxy
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Tapes
Test C. Match the sealants from Column A to its corresponding hazards in Column
B by writing the letter of the correct answer.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
Additional Activities
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Directions: Enumerate the five (5) Procedures Techniques in applying
adhesive/sealant for Glass application. Write your answer in your activity
notebook.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Answer Key
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What I have Additional Activities
Learned
Assessment 1. Surfaces to be bonded must
1. A be clean and dry.
1. STEP 5
2. D 2. Surfaces should be free from
2. STEP 3
grease, mold release and oil.
3. A
3. STEP 4
3. Abrading the non-glass
4. B
4. STEP 1 surface with 180 to 220 grit
5. D abrasive followed by a solvent
5. STEP 2
wipe will improve the bond.
6. A Suitable solvents include 3M
Adhesive Remover, IPA
7. A What's More (Isopropyl alcohol) and
8. B 1. D
acetone.
https://www.ehow.com/how_5588213_remove-dried-glue-plastic-surfaces.htm.
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Hollada, Rebecca. 2016. www.doityourself.com. 7 5. Accessed 7 18, 2020.
tps://www.doityourself.com/stry/how-to-properly-use-silicone-glue#:~:text=To%20apply
%20the%20adhesive%2C%20get,small%20lining%20around%20the%20edges.
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Disclaimer
This Self – learning Module (SLM) was developed by the DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with primary objective of preparing for ang addressing the new normal. Contents of
this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC).
This is a supplementary material used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning 2020 – 2021. This process of LR development was observed in
the production of this module. This version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments and recommendations.