Job Hazard Analysis Process

The Job Hazard Analysis
Process
Town of Chino Valley

Safety Committee
October 2012
Objectives
 Discuss the elements of a Job Hazard
Analysis (JHA)
 Identify typical hazards in the workplace
 Review various techniques that can be used

to identify hazards in the workplace
Job Hazard Analysis
 A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on

job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they
occur.
 It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the

task, the tools, and the work environment.
 It identifies uncontrolled hazards and helps to

determine a course of action to eliminate or reduce
the risk.
Plan for Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis
 Regularly conduct Job Hazard Analysis (JHA’s)
 Identify Hazards
 Develop, update and implement controls
 Perform periodic inspections

Job Hazard Analysis Cycle
Regularly
Conduct
JHA’s
Conduct
Identify
Periodic
Hazards
Inspections
Develop,
update and
implement
controls
Sample Job Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Date:
Job Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Title of Job/Operation:
Employee Name: Job Title:
Supervisor / Analyst Name: Department / Division:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended:
Sequence of Basic Job Steps Potential Accidents or Hazards* Recommended Safe Job Procedures
Job Hazard Analysis
 Performing a job hazard analysis is one of the

best methods to develop safe work
procedures for the tasks that need to be
completed and the equipment that needs to
be operated.
 The JHA can also be used to train employees

in the hazards associated with task and
control measures that should be practiced.
JHA Team
 A Job Hazard Analysis requires the
cooperation of all parties involved which
include:
 Safety Professional
 Engineers / Technical Advisors
 Supervisors / Frontline Personnel responsible
for making change
 Employee / Person most familiar with job
Steps for Completing JHA’s
1) Involve Employees
2) List, rank, and set priorities for hazardous jobs
3) Review accident history for the job
4) Identify the OSHA standards that apply to the job
5) Outline the steps or tasks for the job
6) Identify potential hazards or risks
7) Develop and implement hazard controls
8) Conduct periodic inspections
Involvement of Employees
 They have a unique understanding of the job, and

this knowledge is invaluable for finding hazards.
 Involving employees will help minimize oversights,

ensure a quality analysis.
 Get workers to “buy in” to the solutions because they

will share ownership
Prioritization of JHA
 Jobs with the highest injury and illness rates
 Jobs that have the potential to cause serious injury
 Jobs in which one simple human error could cause
injury
 Jobs complex enough to have written instructions
 Jobs that are new to your division / department
 Jobs that had significant changes in technology or
procedures
Outline the Steps
1. Watch the employee perform the job and list each
step as the worker takes it.
2. Be sure to record enough information to describe
each job action without getting overly detailed.
3. Avoid making the breakdown of steps so detailed
that it becomes unnecessarily long or so broad that
it does not include basic steps.
4. Review the job steps with the employee to make
sure you have not omitted something.
5. Include the employee in all phases of the analysis—
from reviewing the job steps and procedures to
discussing uncontrolled hazards and recommended
solutions.
Identifying the Hazards
 A job hazard analysis is an exercise in
detective work. Your goal is to discover the
following:
 What can go wrong?
 What are the consequences?
 How could it arise?
 What are other contributing factors?
 How likely is it that the hazard will occur?
Common Hazards in the
Workplace
Stressor Hazard Type Hazard Type Hazard Type
Chemical Corrosive Fire Toxic

Explosion
Electrical Shock Short Circuit Fire-Static
Mechanical Moving Failure Noise

Parts Pressure
Ergonomic Strain Human Error Fatigue
Common Hazards in the
Workplace
Stressor Hazard Type Hazard Type Hazard Type
Radiation Ionizing Non Ionizing
Contact Struck By Struck Against Caught In
Environment Temp. Visibility Weather
Misc. Slips Trips Falls

Controlling the Hazards
 The order of precedence and effectiveness of
hazard control is the following:
 1. Engineering controls.
 2. Administrative controls.
 3. Personal protective equipment.
Controlling the Hazards
 The most effective controls are engineering controls
that physically change a machine or work
environment to prevent employee exposure to the
hazard.
 The more reliable or less likely a hazard control can
be circumvented, the better.
 If this is not feasible, administrative controls may be
appropriate.
 This may involve changing how employees do their
jobs.
Engineering Controls
 Engineering controls could include the following:
 Elimination/minimization of the hazard
 Substitution of equipment or process to decrease
hazard
 Isolation of the hazard with interlocks, machine guards,
blast shields, or other means; and
 Removal or redirection of the hazard such as with local
and exhaust ventilation.
Administrative Controls
 Administrative controls include the following:
 Written operating procedures, work permits, and safe
work practices;
 Exposure time limitations (used most commonly to
control heat stress and ergonomic hazards);
 Monitoring the use of highly hazardous materials;
 Alarms, signs, and warnings;
 Buddy system; and training
PPE
 Personal Protective Equipment is acceptable as a
control method in the following circumstances:
 When engineering controls are not feasible or do not
totally eliminate the hazard;
 While engineering controls are being developed;
 When safe work practices do not provide sufficient
additional protection; and
 During emergencies when engineering controls may
not be feasible.
JHA Exercise
 We are going to
perform an exercise on
grinding metal casting.
 Based on the steps,

please identify the
hazards and controls.
Job Hazard Analysis Results
Date:
Job Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Title of Job/Operation:
Employee Name: Job Title:
Supervisor / Analyst Name: Department / Division:
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended: Eye protections (safety glasses and face shield), Gloves (Cut resistant, tight fitting)
Sequence of Basic Job Steps Potential Accidents or Hazards* Recommended Safe Job Procedures
Worker reaches into metal box to the right of the machine, grasps a 15- pound Casting have sharp burrs and edges that can 1. Use a devise to lift castings
casting and carries it to the grinding wheel. Worker grinds 20 to 30 castings cause severe lacerations. 2. Wear cut resistant gloves that allow a good grip and fit tightly
per hour. to minimize the chance that the gloves will get caught in the
grinding wheel.
Reaching, twisting and lifting 15-pound 1. Move castings from the ground and place them closer to the
castings from the floor could result in a muscle work zone to minimize lifting . Ideally, place them at waist
to the lower back, shoulders or wrists. height or an adjustable platform or pallet.
2. Train workers not to twist while lifting and reconfigure work
station to minimize twisting during lifts.
Summary
 A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) consists of:
 Change analysis
 Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
 Workplace inspections
 Hazard Reporting
 Trend Analysis
 Effective programs will result in the identification of

potential and existing hazards.
Questions?

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The Job Hazard Analysis

Town of Chino Valley

 Identify typical hazards in the workplace

 Review various techniques that can be used

 A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on

 It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the

 It identifies uncontrolled hazards and helps to

 Regularly conduct Job Hazard Analysis (JHA’s)

 Develop, update and implement controls

 Perform periodic inspections

Employee Name: Job Title:

Supervisor / Analyst Name: Department / Division:

Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended:

 Performing a job hazard analysis is one of the

 The JHA can also be used to train employees

 They have a unique understanding of the job, and

 Involving employees will help minimize oversights,

 Get workers to “buy in” to the solutions because they

Chemical Corrosive Fire Toxic

Mechanical Moving Failure Noise

Radiation Ionizing Non Ionizing

Contact Struck By Struck Against Caught In

Environment Temp. Visibility Weather

Misc. Slips Trips Falls

 Based on the steps,

Employee Name: Job Title:

Supervisor / Analyst Name: Department / Division:

 Effective programs will result in the identification of

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