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Recent Advances in Imaging Technologies in Dentistry - A Review Article
Recent Advances in Imaging Technologies in Dentistry - A Review Article
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Dr. V. Priyadarshini,
Junior resident,
Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital
(Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute)
Chennai, Tamilnadu.
Abstract:- For past three decades dentistry has witness semiconductors(CMOS) and photostimulable phosphor
with immense advances in all branches. For more than (PSP)(3,4). The dental imaging plays an important role in
25 years digital radiograph are available in dentistry. the clinical examination of the internal structure of the teeth
Starts from the basic intra-oral periapical x-rays to the and supporting bones and helps in the interpretation of
highly developed techniques like CT, MRI found place in periodontal and periapical disease, dental caries and other
modern dentistry. Deepness of structure cannot be osseous lesions.
obtained and localized using 2-dimentional static
imaging. Three dimensional imaging gained a valuable II. DIMENSIONAL IMAGING
place in dentistry.3-D imaging and modelling
technologies such as cone beam computed tomography , INTRA ORAL
with relatively long history of CAD CAM,it will become
of increasing importance. Nowadays digital radiograph PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPH:
are more common and dentists are wondering that how It is used mainly for assessing the pulp and root canal
it impossible to replace plain film with digital system,but morphology, alveolar bone status in the interdental region
it has been proved successfully. and used to detect the periapical pathology of crown and
root fractures. It is specially used for endodontic treatment
I. INTRODUCTION for evaluating the root morphology, lesion in the periapical
region, determination of working length, extention of
Diagnostic imaging in dentistry has seen enormous obturation and monitoring after the treatment. This
development in last few decades. Intraoral radiograph is the technique also reduces the geometric distortion, avoid
common imaging that is employed in dental practice. The overlapping the anatomic structures, which covers the
shift from analog imaging to digital imaging is considered as shadow of the teeth(1).
a revolution in oral radiology. X ray was discovered by a
physicist Wilhelm Roentgen in the year 1895.Xrays remains OCCLUSAL RADIOGRAPH:
as a corner stone in modern medicine in diagnosis as well as Periapical radiograph cannot be viewed in which
treatment planning of the patient in the field of dentistry. occlusal radiograph displays a large segment of the dental
Imaging techniques in dentistry can be classified broadly arch for example tumor and osseus lesions. It used to locate
into extraoral and intraoral imaging(2). The disadvantages of the foreign bodies present in the jaw and the impacted
the 2Dand 3D imaging has been overcome by the advent of teeth.(1)
the introduction of digital radiographic imaging. The first
system that was developed in digital imaging is BITEWING RADIOGRAPHS:
theradiovisiography (RVG). The three types of digital Bitewing radiographs are used to evaluate the
radiography used for digital imaging include the charged interproximal surface of both upper and lower teeth .The
couple device (CCD),complementary metal oxide flap which is seen in a film,patient used to bite the film