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Social Media To Mental Health
Social Media To Mental Health
Introduction
Social media is computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas, thoughts,
content. Social Media is taking part in different types of online networking; it is a routine
movement that inquires about the children and teenagers by upgrading communication,
social association, and even specialized skills (Horst H, 2010). Social networking sites
offer different day by day openings for interfacing with companions, schoolmates, and
individuals with common interests. (Eytan., 2010). Social Media has been defined as
websites which allow profile creation and visibility of relationship between users (Boyd
& Ellison, 2008); web-based applications which provide functionality for sharing,
This study focused on Grade 12 STEM students as their respondents on gathering data
about the impact of social media on mental health of students. STEM is an approach to
learning and development that integrates the areas of science, technology, engineering
and mathematics. Through STEM, students develop key skills including problem solving;
this strand is one of curriculum made by DepEd in K-12. Mental health is a state of well-
being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal
stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her
While many of us enjoy staying connected on social media, excessive use of social media
can trigger feelings of depression, anxiety, anger and FOMO (Fear of Missing
Out) relates to a feeling that friends and connections are leading more interesting and
rewarding lives, creating a desire to stay continually connected with what others are
doing online. During this time of social distancing and isolation, social media can be an
invaluable tool for keeping you in touch with friends, loved ones, and the wider world.
Human beings are social creatures. People need the companionship of others to thrive in
life and the strength of our connections has a huge impact on our mental health and
happiness. Being socially connected to others can ease stress, anxiety and depression,
boost self-worth, provide comfort and joy and prevent loneliness. On the other side,
lacking strong social connections can pose a serious risk to our mental and emotional
health. Therefore this research undergoes the impact of social media on mental health of
grade 12 STEM students enrolled in King’s College of the Philippines. The objective of
the study is to determine the Impact of social media on mental health issues such as
anxiety and depression. This study will divert the attention of individuals and will help
them analyze their over indulgence on social media within the most valuable time of their
cooperate to construct, offer and change their thought and remarks with respect to any
data. During the previous decade, online long range social networking communication
has caused significant changes in the manner individuals convey and cooperate. There is
a positive correlation between feeling anxious and serious active on SNS than in real life.
This study concludes that more usage of social media, number of SNS and too much of
time spent on social networking sites is affecting the student’s mental health such as
depression and anxiety (Rajesh and Priya, 2020). Evidence suggests that social media can
impact detrimentally on children and young people’s mental health. At the same time,
social media use can be beneficial and have positive effects. This chapter outlines the
detrimental and positive effects of social media use for young people. Schools play a
critical role in educating young people about how to use social media safely and
responsibly. However, schools cannot address all the issues and parents, social media and
advertising companies also have a responsibility to protect children and young people
from harm. This chapter outlines some of the potential solutions to the issues that are
The technology landscape has rapidly evolved in recent years, with social media
now playing a central role in the lives of youth. Social media has created both significant
new challenges and exciting opportunities. Research is beginning to uncover how specific
social media experiences may influence youth mental health. Digital technologies have
become a universal feature of young people's lives. Exposure to screens begins early in
life for many youth, this media environment has introduced numerous new challenges
and risks for youth mental health, so too has it presented considerable benefits and
opportunities. (Jacqueline Nesi, 2020). The younger generation is experiencing
embryonic stage of life and is at higher risk of serious mental health problem. Younger
generation of present era is acting as active users of social media which has affinity
towards the problems of mental health. The present perilous situation requires more
understanding, to know relation between social media and mental health problems is just
(Sperling, 2020) According to him Social media has a reinforcing nature. Using it
activates the brain’s reward center by releasing dopamine, a “feel-good chemical” linked
to pleasurable activities such as sex, food, and social interaction. The social media are
designed to be addictive and are associated with anxiety, depression, and even physical
ailments. (Richards et al., 2016) mentioned that the health impact of social media on
children and young people was greatest on mental health and specifically in the areas of
self-esteem and well-being, with related issues around cyber bullying and 'Facebook
Depression', with an association between the use of social media and self-esteem and
body image. A growing body of research has analyzed the potential risks of problematic
social media use for mental health and well-being. The current meta-analysis is the first
(i.e., depression, anxiety, etc.) and well-being (life satisfaction, positive mental health)
among adolescents and young adults as said by (Marino et al., 2017). Some believe that
addition, many people who regularly use platforms like Facebook or Twitter report
high levels of stress and even employee’s mental health can have a direct impact on his
work or daily activity. When employees are happy, confident and relaxed, they can be
more productive and have better relationships with co-workers, clients and customers.
Stress, on the other hand, contributes to multiple physical and mental ailments that can
affect their work (Patersen, 2019). From the dawn of internet and social networking sites
human resources of contemporary world have become more social virtually but less
practically. This virtual life is isolating present man from other fellow beings thereby
affecting his health mentally & physically. Increased usage of social networking
among adults of the present era is a matter of concern for the parents, society &
researchers, as there are always two sides (positive & negative) of every innovation
(Bashir, 2017). Some studies have indicated that social media use may be tied to
negative mental health outcomes, including suicide, loneliness and decreased empathy
(Berryman, 2017). The benefits and harms associated with social media use varied
while the benefits were generally associated with younger age, better education, and
being white, the harms were associated with older age, less education, and being a racial
THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Facebook Depression
Issues of Individual
Youtube
Decreased Self-
Esteem
Twitter
Anxiety
Social media is the connection of friends or family which allows you to communicate or share
your thoughts and ideas; with this you can have a long chain of friends where you can share
information or feelings. Social media has changed behavioral lifestyle of every individual in this
modern era, they become dependent to social networking site, wherein this had also cause great
impact on mental health. The social media was designed to be addictive and are associated
with positive effect like allows individual to express their self. It is also associated with negative
effect like anxiety and depression which is our focus on this study. This research work seeks to
identify the awareness of students on the positive and the negative effects of social media to
mental health and aims to motivate users to use social media in balanced way.
individuals.
This study intends to determine the impact of social media on the mental health of senior high
school students.
3. What are the positive and negative impacts of social media on mental health of students?
QUESTIONNAIRE
[ ] once a week
[ ] everyday
[ ] seldom
2. Have you experienced mental health issues? If yes what are these?
[ ] Anxiety
[ ] Depression
[ ] Self-esteem
[ ] Stress
3. Which of the following sites do you use to express about your feelings or situation?
4. Has talking about your mental wellbeing on social media helped you feel more
[ ] Yes
[ ] No
[ ] I have never posted anything on social media about my mental being well being
How? _____________________________________________________________
5. Overall, do you feel social media has a positive or negative impact on your mental
wellbeing?
[ ] Positive
[ ] Negative
[ ] No Effect
What (Positive or Negative) impact?
______________________________________________________________
REFERENCES:
Richards, R., Caldwell, P.H., & Go, H. (2017). Impact of social media on the health of
Marino, C., Gini, G., Vieno, A., & Spada, M.M. (2017) The associations between
problematic Facebook use, psychological distress and well-being among adolescents and
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29024900/
Peterson, L. (2019) The Negative Effect of Social Media on Society and Individuals.
individuals-27617.html
DOI: 10.25215/0403.134
DOI: 10.25215/0403.134
DOI: 10.25215/0403.134
Bashir, H., & Bhat, S.A. (2017) “Effects of Social Media on Mental Health”, The International
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323018957
McLean. (2020). Like it or Not Social Media is affecting your mental health. Harvard
https://www.mcleanhospital.org/news/it-or-not-social-medias-affecting-your-mental-
health
Karim F, Oyewande A A, Abdalla L F, et al. (June 15, 2020) Social Media Use and Its
doi:10.7759/cureus.8627
Kim, H.H. (2017). The impact of online social networking on adolescent psychological
Feder, K.A., Riehm, K.E.,and Mojtabai, R. (2019). Is there an association between social
media use and mental health? The timing of confounding measurement matters—reply
Berryman, C., Ferguson, C. J., Negy, C. (2018). Social media use and mental health
Bekalu, M.A., McCloud, R.F., and Viswanath, K. (2019). Association of Social Media
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323018957_Effects_of_Social_Media_on_Men
tal_Health_A_Review/link/5a7c9e97aca272341aeb7472/download
Glazzard and Stones, (2019) Social Media and Young People’ s Mental Health. Retrieved
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335549577_Social_Media_and_Young_People'
s_Mental_Health/link/5d6d111492851c853885ebfc/download
Jacqueline Nesi, (2020)The Impact of Social Media on Youth Mental Health. Retrieved on
N C Med J. (2020) The Impact of Social Media on Youth Mental Health. Retrieved on
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340779328_IMPACT_OF_SOCIAL_MEDIA_
ON_MENTAL_HEALTH_OF_STUDENTS
Chapter 2
Methodology
The research is divided into two parts: a theoretical part and empirical part. The
theoretical contains information regarding the impacts of social median on mental health.
The theoretical part also focuses on finding information about whether social media is
helping or harming students. In this part, the information is based on secondary sources
such as different studies conducted in the past, research, journals, google results, and
articles online.
The empirical part is based on questionnaire survey to be used among a group of Grade
using Google-forms and sent to the students via email and will ask to give responses
questions, the time given for the survey was one week. The respondents are classified by
Research Design
The study will use the descriptive kind of research. For the purpose of this study a
prepared by the researchers to gather data. Quantitative research design allows for data to
be obtained from a larger number of participants and is structured to provide statistical
and computational results of data. The descriptive approach aims to accurately and
where, when and how questions, but not why questions. A descriptive research design
can use a wide variety of research methods to investigate one or more variables.
The respondents are the Grade 12 STEM students of King’s College of the Philippines
located in Pico Rd, La Trinidad Benguet. There were certain sections in Grade 12 STEM
and 3 class sections are chosen to answer the questionnaires about Impact of Social
Philippines. This age group of students was chosen because the UK’s Royal Society for
Public Health surveyed 1,500 teens and young adults about their social media habits.
They found that Instagram and other social networks are associated with high levels of
anxiety, depression, bullying and a “fear of missing out (FOMO).” They can also foster a
negative body image and poor sleep habits. It was also revealed that the more social
media young adults consume, the more likely they are to report depression or anxiety
The chosen participants of this study are the Grade 12 STEM students of King’s College
of the Philippines both male and female age 17-20 years old. Three classes are chosen
and each classroom has 30-32 numbers of students. The total number of the respondents
is 70 students.
Research Instruments
A survey questionnaire we’re used to gather data (Question 1), (question 2),
(question 3), (question 4) and (question 5) because it is relatively simple and it is the
most appropriate tool to gather information. It also facilitates the process of tabulating
and summarizing the data gather. The formulation of questionnaire was based on
(surveymonkey.com/r/BK9DX7S)
King’s College of the Philippines wherein it was also used to measure the level of effect
of social media in their mental health. The questionnaire is an information gathering five
main questions in the pertinent area of the research problem are set-up for the purpose of
The researchers conduct a pilot study and analyze the data in order to assess the
reliability and validity of the instruments used in the study wherein they invited an experts to
participate. For the pilot test, the researchers asked participants from within and outside the target
respondents. Participants were asked to evaluate one process they are managing or involved in.
researchers then conducted an explorative factor analysis to examine the reliability and validity of
the overall instrument. Researchers found all the intended constructs with loadings showing high
convergent and discriminant validity. The items that indicated problems in meeting the required
validity and reliability thresholds were changed and adapted. The experts additionally provided
The instruments used by the researchers are validated through the use of gathering data
via internet and with the help of the experts. The researchers cited the names of the person who
wrote the RRL that was used in the study, and also the experts that helps in validating the
instruments.
The data needed for this research was gathered through the use of survey questionnaires.
data/ information through the use of internet. After gathering of data, a selected
The researchers will have a consultation with their adviser to find out if the
appropriately. After which the researchers made a letter to the Registrar’s office to get the
total population of the Grade 12 STEM students and to the Principal asking permission to
float a questionnaire to their students. The questionnaires will be sent through email or
messenger to 70 Grade 12 STEM students who were the target respondents of the study.
Result of the questionnaire were utilized for the analysis and interpretation of
data.
Statistical Treatment of the Data
analyzed with the data requirements of the study. The students were statistically analyzed
with the data instruments of the study. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count,
Pearson Product Moment of Correlation Coefficient was utilized with 0.05 level of
significance.